UFO Student - Magazine No 2

Magazine Overview

Title: Der UFO-Student
Issue: 2
Volume: 1. Jahrgang
Date: March 25, 2000

This issue of 'Der UFO-Student – Kritisches Magazin für UFO-Forschung' (The UFO Student – Critical Magazine for UFO Research) presents a critical examination of UFO phenomena and related topics, aiming to foster better communication and understanding within the field.

Editorial: Ein Problem mit der Kommunikation (A Problem with Communication)

In the editorial, Tino Günter thanks the readers for their support since the magazine's launch on December 31, 1999. He notes that the ufology field continues to be polarized between ufologists and skeptics, with ongoing discussions primarily online. Günter expresses concern over the reactions to the first issue, particularly the 'unpleasant discussions' among pro-ufology proponents. He observes that some ufologists tend to read things into articles that are not there, interpreting skeptical content as an attack and dissecting every word. This, he states, highlights a significant communication problem, where it seems impossible to discuss the topic without conflict. He points out the low attendance at the 'UFO-Begegnung' event in October 1999, which was intended to bring together all viewpoints, suggesting a reluctance from the pro-UFO side to engage. He also laments the lack of participation in the magazine's forum, despite repeated invitations. Günter calls for readers to submit their opinions via letters to the editor or forum posts, seeing 'Der UFO-Student' as a potential step towards resolving these communication issues. He also encourages readers and UFO researchers to contribute further to communication, information, and research, emphasizing that the magazine, like other free publications, relies on reader support and contributions from authors. Guidelines for authors are available online, and these will become a regular feature starting with the next issue.

Articles and Reports

Brezeln aus dem Weltraum? (Pretzels from Space?)

This extensive article by Ulrich Magin critically examines the 'Manna Machine' theory, particularly as presented by Peter Fiebag and the Fiebag brothers. Magin challenges the core assertion that the ancient Jewish text 'Sohar' describes a machine that produced manna. He argues that the idea, originating with Gordon Sassoon and Rodney Hale in a 1976 article in 'New Scientist', is based on a misinterpretation of Kabbalistic texts. Magin contends that the 'Sohar' texts, which are theological interpretations written centuries after the Exodus, do not describe a machine but rather a divine provision. He criticizes the Fiebags for relying on these later interpretations instead of the primary biblical sources, which he states are significantly older and describe manna as a substance that fell from the sky, collected from the ground, and was divinely provided. Magin also debunks the idea that the Sabbath commandment implies a machine needing maintenance, explaining it as a religious observance. He further questions the logistical feasibility of such a machine and highlights inconsistencies with biblical descriptions of manna, such as its perishable nature and the need for water collection. Magin concludes that the 'Manna Machine' theory is based on flawed research, manipulation of sources, and a lack of understanding of the religious texts it purports to interpret.

„Spokoinoi notschi“ – über die reellen Hintergründe des UFO-Phänomens in der ehemaligen Sowjetunion (“Good Night” – on the Real Backgrounds of the UFO Phenomenon in the Former Soviet Union)

This article by Christian Sommerer delves into the UFO phenomenon within the former Soviet Union. The title, "Spokoinoi notschi" (Good Night), likely alludes to the secrecy and lack of open discussion surrounding UFOs in the USSR.

Modeerscheinung Okkultismus (Occultism as a Fashion Phenomenon)

Gerald Hofmann's article explores the rise of occultism, suggesting it has become a trend or fashion, potentially broadening the magazine's scope beyond just UFOs.

Bundeswehr erhält unsichtbares Kampfflugzeug (Bundeswehr Receives Invisible Fighter Jet)

Sascha Schomacker reports on the alleged acquisition of an invisible fighter jet by the German armed forces (Bundeswehr).

Das UFO von Operation Mainbrace (The UFO of Operation Mainbrace)

Werner Walter contributes an article detailing a UFO sighting related to Operation Mainbrace, a significant NATO exercise in 1952.

10 Fragen und Antworten zum sogenannten Roswell-Zwischenfall von 1947 (10 Questions and Answers on the So-Called Roswell Incident of 1947)

Uli Thieme provides a Q&A format discussion on the famous Roswell incident, offering insights and clarifications.

Interviews

„Eine Versammlung von Psychopathen“ – Tino Günter im Interview mit Mirko Mojsilovic (“A Gathering of Psychopaths” – Tino Günter interviewed by Mirko Mojsilovic)

This interview features Tino Günter discussing the UFO-Interessengemeinschaft Hamburg (UIH) and his views on the German UFO scene.

„Ich fühle mich von einem Blender hereingelegt“ – Werner Walter im Interview mit Dr. Helmut Lammer (“I Feel Deceived by a Charlatan” – Werner Walter interviewed by Dr. Helmut Lammer)

Werner Walter shares his experiences with the UFO group MUFON-CES and its leader, Illobrand von Ludwiger, in this interview with Dr. Helmut Lammer.

Book Reviews

Diverse Rezensionen (Various Reviews)

Roland M. Horn provides a selection of book reviews.

UFO-News, Letters to the Editor, and Imprint

The issue also includes sections for UFO-News, Leserbriefe (Letters to the Editor), and Impressum (Imprint).

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

This issue of 'Der UFO-Student' demonstrates a clear editorial stance favoring critical analysis and skepticism towards sensational claims within the UFO community. The magazine aims to provide a platform for reasoned discussion and to challenge unsubstantiated theories, as exemplified by Ulrich Magin's detailed debunking of the 'Manna Machine' hypothesis. The editorial emphasizes the importance of clear communication and open dialogue, while also acknowledging the need for high standards in contributions. The inclusion of articles on occultism suggests a broader interest in para-scientific phenomena, but the core focus remains on UFO research, approached with a critical and investigative mindset. The magazine positions itself as a source of well-researched information, encouraging readers to engage thoughtfully with the subject matter.

This issue of "Der Ufo-Student" (1999, Issue 4) is a critical magazine for UFO research, focusing on the reinterpretation of biblical and mystical texts through a UFO-centric lens. The articles delve into the historical and theological contexts of concepts like Manna, the Ark of the Covenant, Schechina, and the Grail legend, often challenging sensationalist theories that link them to extraterrestrial technology.

The Manna and the Ark of the Covenant

The article begins by examining the biblical concept of Manna, referencing the 'Sohar' and the 'Fiebags' interpretation of it as a 'Manna-Machine'. It dismisses the idea that the 'Sohar' confirms a technical machine, noting that it describes Manna as dew from the 'Ancient of Days' and that maintenance work on the Sabbath is debunked as a Fiebag invention. The 'Sohar' explicitly states that Manna dripped from heaven.

The 'Bundeslade' (Ark of the Covenant) is discussed in relation to the Fiebags' claim of a Manna-Machine being transported within it. However, the article asserts that no biblical text mentions such a machine. The Old Testament, specifically Exodus 25:10-22 and Deuteronomy 10:1-5, indicates the Ark contained only the Ten Commandments. 1 Kings 8:9 explicitly states that only the two stone tablets Moses placed there were inside the Ark. These texts are from a later period, around the time of King Josiah (7th century BC), and are considered the oldest available descriptions of the Ark. The presence of a jar of Manna or the 'Schechina' is attributed to non-Jewish sources like the New Testament and the Koran. The author criticizes the identification of the author of Hebrews (9:3) as 'Paul', stating that this author, for purely theological reasons, claims a jar of Manna was in the Ark, a jar also described in Exodus 16:33 as being placed before the Ark. This is seen as a later insertion by the author 'P', as it mentions the Ark before its existence.

The Koran is said to have contained the 'presence of God', the Schechina, in the Ark. The Fiebags equate this Schechina with the Manna-Machine. The article refutes the theory, popularized by Däniken, that the Ark was a communication device supplied by aliens. Instead, it aligns with archaeological consensus, viewing the Ark as a portable throne for invisible gods, common in the Near East. The alleged electrical shocks from the Ark when captured by the Philistines are dismissed as legendary embellishments. The text suggests that the Ark's story was later used for propaganda, aiming to legitimize Jerusalem as its final location.

The Age of the Sohar

The article questions the reliability of the 'Sohar' as a historical source for the Exodus. It argues that the 'Sohar' is a much later text, with sources used by Dale and Sassoon dating back to the 17th century. The author points out that Hebrew was originally written without vowels, and the 'Sohar' interprets the Torah using the vocalized, Masoretic text. Christian D. Ginsburg is quoted stating that vowel points were introduced by R. Mocha of Palestine around 570 AD, making it impossible for the 'Sohar' to have been written in the 1st century. The compilation and redaction of the 'Sohar' began in the 6th century and continued through various versions, involving mystics from different generations, including Spanish and German Kabbalists up to the 16th century. Therefore, the 'Sohar' is deemed unsuitable as a historical source for the Exodus.

The Kabbalah

The Kabbalah is described as a work of Jewish mysticism, offering interpretations of biblical verses rather than historical narratives or secret traditions. Its main works emerged in 13th-century Spain. Kabbalists sought mystical union with God, contrasting with the rational approach of philosophers like Maimonides. The central concept in Kabbalah is the Schechina.

The Schechina (4)

The term 'Schechina' is presented as a peculiar concept to outsiders. The article traces its origins, noting that the first Kabbalistic book, 'Bahir', appeared in Southern France around 1176. 'Bahir' introduced the concept of the ten Sephirot, or 'ten divine attributes'. The Schechina, an ancient Hebrew word, means 'the glory of God' in the Old and New Testaments. In Kabbalah, it evolves to represent the 'feminine side of God', the 'female divine element' that turns towards the world with love, revealing God in creation. This shift from abstract divine immanence to a quasi-worldly presence is attributed to Jewish contact with Christian veneration of Mary. The 'Sohar', a key text for interpreting Schechina, was written around 1275-1293 in Castile by Moses ben Shemtov de Leon, who claimed it was based on the teachings of the 2nd-century Talmudist Shimon ben Yochai. The article disputes this claim, citing the impossibility based on the text's content.

Within the 'Sohar', the Schechina is associated with Malchut, the lowest of the ten Sephirot, through which humans can connect with the divine. Schechina represents the 'immanent omnipresence of God's glory', the 'restricted' feminine aspect of divinity whose fate is tied to the world and the fate of Israel. The redemption of Schechina from its earthly exile is linked to humanity's path of healing. The article quotes a Chassidic scholar, Raphael von Berschad, stating that when Jews live in brotherly unity, the Schechina hovers over them in blessed holiness.

The article quotes a definition of Schechina from the 'Sohar' in relation to Jacob's ladder, where the earth is the prayer of humans, and the ground from which it ascends is the Schechina. The 'Schechina' receives its animating force from the fulfillment of commandments in God's name. The 'Sohar' is fundamentally an attempt to define and explain the Schechina, not a text for pre-astronautic interpretations. It is a religious and philosophical work, comparable to the Talmud, consisting of biblical exegeses. The article strongly refutes the idea that 'Schechina' is a synonym for a Manna-Machine, emphasizing that Schechina predates Moses and relates to divine presence, not technology. The Manna is seen as a product of Schechina, but the phenomenon of love between man and woman is also a product of Schechina, independent of any extraterrestrial 'bread-making machine'.

The article criticizes the Fiebags for identifying 'Schechina' with a Manna-Machine, stating that this identification is nonsensical and demonstrates a lack of understanding of the texts. The author questions if the Holy Spirit could be a coffee machine, highlighting the absurdity of such interpretations.

The Ancient of Days, Schechina, and Dew

The article clarifies that the 'Sohar' is not an ancient text but a typical Midrash. The 'Ancient of Days' is a divine name from the Book of Daniel (7:9), not a code word for a Manna-Machine. Schechina is the presence of God's feminine side in Malchut. The interpretation that Schechina is a divine characteristic is supported by its explicit description in the 'Sohar' and its presence from Abraham and Isaac's time. The text emphasizes the importance of the union of male and female for the Schechina's presence. The 'Sohar' states that the Schechina comes to dwell in one's house when one fulfills their duties. The article also addresses the Fiebags' claim that 'Tau' (dew) in the 'Sohar' refers to the Manna-Machine. It explains that 'Tau' is a biblical quote from Micah (5:7) and, like Schechina, represents God's presence in the world. Manna is thus considered 'Tau' of God, but not related to algal cultures.

The Grail and Manna

Johannes and Peter Fiebag link the Grail and Manna in medieval epics and sagas, questioning if the Grail was merely another word for the Manna-Machine. The description of the Grail varies, from a golden host container to a chalice holding Jesus' blood, and later, a stone descended from heaven. The article notes that the connection between Jesus' sacrifice and the Grail, symbolizing heavenly nourishment, is made in the New Testament. Jesus' suffering is referred to as a 'cup' (Matthew 26:39, Mark 14:36, Luke 22:42). In John 6:31, Jesus is asked to perform a miracle like the Manna given to the Israelites. Jesus declares himself the 'bread of life', stating that those who eat this bread will never hunger. The article explains that medieval theologians equated the Manna of the Old Covenant with the Host and Jesus' blood, thus linking the Grail to Jesus' sacrifice. The New Testament, particularly Hebrews 9, explicitly makes this equation, stating that the first covenant had regulations for worship and a sanctuary on Earth, with the Ark containing a golden vessel with Manna. In the new covenant, Jesus embodies the sanctuary and the Manna. Revelation 2:17 equates Manna with the Word of God, offering 'hidden Manna' and a 'white stone' with a new name.

The article suggests that the idea of the Grail as a stone might be influenced by the Islamic tradition of the Black Stone in Mecca, a meteorite brought by angels. This is particularly relevant given that the Grail legend is said to originate from Moorish Spain. The connection between the Grail and Manna requires only the New Testament's understanding of Manna as 'spiritual nourishment' compared to the 'physical nourishment' of the Old Covenant Manna. The article notes that in the 13th century, Mary was equated with the Ark of the Covenant because she carried Jesus, the new Manna. A 15th-century text describes Mary as the 'golden Ark' containing the 'true heavenly bread'. Thus, the Grail epics are to be understood in this context.

Kyot, Flegetanis, and Wolfram – The Mysterious Spanish Source

The article questions the identity of Kyot, who Wolfram von Eschenbach claimed discovered the original Grail legend in 'heathen script' in Toledo, Moorish Spain. While a Provençal troubadour named Guiot/Gyot existed, the Fiebags find his role as the source problematic. The article suggests that Wolfram may have used Kyot's name ironically to mock his scholarly colleagues, attributing his source to a poet least likely to have written it, aligning with the theme of intellectual devotion in his Parzival.

Flegetanis is presented as another alleged source, with Fiebag claiming he was a Jew from the time of Solomon. The article dismisses this as a deliberate misdirection, noting that Wolfram only states Flegetanis was 'of Salomo's lineage', implying he was Jewish. The assertion that Flegetanis was a Phoenician astrologer during Solomon's time is called an invention by the Fiebags, lacking evidence. Wolfram's text indicates that Kyot found the foundation of his work in a script by the naturalist Flegetanis, requiring knowledge of Arabic and Christian faith for its reading. This implies Flegetanis foresaw Christian faith, which is deemed impossible for a pre-Christian Jew.

The article proposes that the 'heathen script' Wolfram referred to, which contained a Christian bread miracle, was likely the Koran, easily accessible in Muslim Spain. It argues that the Koran, not a Kabbalistic text, explicitly mentions the Grail and Jesus producing bread. The Koran (Surah 5:115-116) recounts Jesus asking God for a table of food from heaven, which Allah agrees to send. This is seen as a Muslim version of the miraculous multiplication of loaves. The article notes that Mary, equated with the Ark of the Covenant, also received divine nourishment according to the Koran (3:38). This symbolism of Manna/Jesus/Bread/Miracle/Salvation is present in the New Testament and the Koran, not a secret tradition.

An Austrian Manna-Machine?

The article criticizes the Fiebags' misunderstanding of medieval symbolism, particularly their claim that a relief stone in an Austrian chapel depicts a Manna-Machine. The relief is identified as showing a pretzel and a bread roll, which are Christian symbols for the Host. The stone's indentation is for storing Hosts. The pretzel is described as an 'anti-Christian cult pastry' adopted as a fasting food, used as communion bread and fasting food from the 9th century onwards. Such depictions are found in churches from the early 14th century, coinciding with the time the chapel was built.

Templar, Baphomet, and Grail

The article explores the connection between the Templars and the Grail, questioning if it stems from a Manna-Machine. It suggests that the Templars, idealized as Christian knights, were seen as guardians of the Grail. Celtic versions of the Grail legend involve King Arthur searching for it. The article proposes that the Templars, in Wolfram's time, represented the ideal of chivalry. Ian Wilson suggests the Templars brought Christ's shroud from the East to Europe. The shroud is believed to contain bloodstains from Christ's flagellation and crucifixion, thus connecting the Templars to a relic of Christ's blood, and by extension, the Grail (the vessel of Christ's blood), without needing a Manna-Machine.

The Grail in Glastonbury

The Grail myth is presented as a deeply Christian matter, with roots in pre-Christian Celtic legends of the cornucopia. In Britain, the Grail legend is linked to the Arthurian cycle. Despite the often mythical settings of medieval epics, the popular belief is that the Grail is located in Glastonbury.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The recurring theme throughout the issue is the critical examination of UFO-related interpretations of religious and historical texts. The magazine consistently challenges theories that seek to find evidence of extraterrestrial technology in ancient scriptures and legends. Instead, it emphasizes the theological, mystical, and symbolic meanings of these concepts within their original cultural and religious contexts. The editorial stance is one of skepticism towards sensationalism and a commitment to rigorous textual and historical analysis, advocating for a deeper understanding of religious traditions beyond simplistic technological explanations.

This issue of "Der Ufo-Student – Kritisches Magazin für UFO-Forschung" critically examines various esoteric and UFO-related theories, primarily focusing on the Holy Grail, Templar treasures, and the figure of Baphomet. The magazine takes a skeptical stance, aiming to debunk sensationalist claims and present more grounded, historical interpretations.

Glastonbury and the Grail

The article begins by discussing the theory that Glastonbury was founded by Maria and Joseph of Arimathea and is a hiding place for the Grail. It critiques the Fiebag brothers' interpretation of Geoffrey Ashe's work, pointing out that Ashe did not believe in the Grail's reality but saw it as a metaphor. The Fiebags are accused of selectively quoting sources and misrepresenting Ashe's position to support their claims, including the idea that the Templars hid the Grail in America, a theory linked to the right-wing historian Jacques de Mahieu.

The Abduction of Templar Treasures

This section scrutinizes the Fiebag brothers' research on Templar treasures, finding it lacking. It highlights an instance where the Fiebags claim the Menorah of the Jerusalem Temple was in Carcassonne in 455 AD, while historical records indicate it was in Rome at that time. The article suggests that the Fiebags manipulate facts to make their narrative coherent. Specifically, their speculation about the "Inner Circle" of Templars secretly transporting the "Manna machine" before the order's dissolution is questioned. Templar researchers like Beck are quoted stating that the Templars had no foreknowledge of their arrest and were caught by surprise, contradicting the idea of a planned escape of treasures.

Rennes-le-Chateau

The article addresses the modern legend surrounding the priest of Rennes-le-Chateau and his sudden wealth. The Fiebag brothers' book "Der heilige Gral und seine Erben" is cited as promoting theories that the priest discovered Christ's secret, a treasure, or knew about Jesus' marriage to Mary Magdalene. However, the article provides a prosaic explanation: the priest's wealth came from illegally selling masses. The mystery of Rennes-le-Chateau is dismissed as a fabrication, with a reference to Paul Smith for a detailed explanation.

Oak Island

Oak Island in Canada is presented as another alleged hiding place for the Templars' "Manna machine." The article notes the long-standing mystery of the "Money Pit" and the various theories about who might have buried a treasure there. However, biologist Eric Mullen's research is cited, suggesting that the entire Oak Island phenomenon is a result of a "huge error" triggered by the ghost stories of the time. Mullen proposes that groundwater influx, coconut fibers (possibly from ship insulation), and natural depressions filled with sand and debris could explain the findings, rather than a hidden treasure.

The Baphomet

This section delves into the controversial figure of Baphomet, which the Fiebag brothers allegedly link to the Templars' "Manna machine." The article explains that the Templars were persecuted not for idolatry but due to their immense power, which threatened the French King Philip the Fair. The persecution is framed as part of the larger struggle between spiritual and secular power in the Middle Ages. The accusation of heresy, specifically of abandoning Christian doctrine, was a common method for condemning groups. The article argues that the association of Baphomet with Mahomet (Muhammad) was a deliberate fabrication by the French king to justify his campaign against the Templars. It emphasizes that "scientific Templar research" has long concluded that the Templars did not worship Baphomet and that no such artifact as a "Manna machine" existed in their possession. The descriptions of Baphomet, often depicted as a male head with a beard, are attributed to forced confessions under torture, where Templars were pressured to describe Christian relics as idols to fit the accusations.

Several instances are examined where alleged "Baphomets" were found. In one case, a silver reliquiary in the form of a head was discovered, containing the remains of a young woman, possibly a relic of one of the eleven thousand virgins. This was identified as a reliquiary, not a "Manna machine." Another case involved a reliquiary found during the search of the Temple in Paris, described as a numbered skull. The article concludes that these findings are consistent with Christian relics, not with the "Manna machine" theory. The Fiebags' claim that both the "Manna machine" and Baphomet had beards is dismissed as insufficient evidence, especially considering that many relics were depictions of bearded figures, and the Templars possessed the Turin Shroud.

Glooskap

Mathias Kappel's theory that the Templars or Sir Henry Sinclair brought the "Manna machine" to Canada is discussed. Kappel bases this on the legend of "Glooskap" from the Abnaki Nation. The article criticizes Kappel's sources as sensationalist and lacking scientific rigor, including popular science books and a work by Heinke Sudhoff. The author traces the origin of this interpretation to pre-astronautics authors like Kolosimo. The article then presents the original Abnaki myth of Glooskap and Malsum, twin brothers representing good and evil, highlighting that the myth has no connection to European figures like Henry Sinclair. The idea of indigenous gods having white skin is labeled a racist fabrication.

Conclusion

The "Zum Schluss" (Conclusion) section summarizes the key points, stating that there is no proof for the interpretation of the "Sohar" as describing a "Manna machine." The Bible, Josephus, Talmud, and Koran consistently describe Manna as falling from heaven. The "Sohar" is identified as a collection of Midrashim from the 6th to 16th centuries, not an ancient text. The article refutes the Fiebags' claims about the "Schechina" and the "Manna machine," stating they are fundamentally different. The connection between the Grail and Manna is seen as a later Christian metaphor, not historical fact. The article asserts that the Fiebags rely exclusively on later versions of the Grail legend and ignore earlier ones. The "heidnische" text mentioned as a source for Wolfram is suggested to be a Quranic surah. The connection between the Templars and the Grail is attributed to Wolfram's portrayal of the Templars as ideal Christian knights, not to a "Manna machine." The Baphomet is definitively called an invention, known to be non-existent for decades. The flight of the Templars and the hiding of their treasures in America is labeled a myth. The article concludes that the "Sohar" contains no descriptions of extraterrestrial artifacts, and the Fiebags' entire thesis is built on a false premise, with the core argument of Dale and Sassoon already disproven.

Annexes (Anmerkungen)

This section includes notes from the author regarding correspondence and debates with Johannes Fiebag. The author addresses Fiebag's criticisms, particularly concerning his research on the "Sohar," "Schechina," and the "Manna machine." The author also discusses a dispute with Nigel Pennick, where Fiebag accused Pennick of fabricating a story about an institute. The author defends Pennick's contribution to alternative archaeology. Finally, a list of biblical passages where "Manna" is mentioned in the Old and New Testaments is provided.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The recurring theme throughout this issue is the critical examination and debunking of sensationalist theories, particularly those linking historical legends and artifacts to UFOs and extraterrestrial intervention. The editorial stance is clearly skeptical, favoring historical accuracy, rigorous source criticism, and scientific consensus over speculative interpretations. The magazine actively challenges popular but unsubstantiated claims, especially those promoted by authors like the Fiebag brothers, by presenting counter-arguments and alternative explanations grounded in historical research and textual analysis.

This issue of "Der Ufo-Student – Kritisches Magazin für UFO-Forschung" (The UFO Student – Critical Magazine for UFO Research), published in 1999, features a cover story by Christian Sommerer titled "„Spokoinoi notschi“ – Über die reellen Hintergründe des UFO-Phänomens in der ehemaligen Sowjetunion" (Quiet Night – On the Real Backgrounds of the UFO Phenomenon in the Former Soviet Union).

"Spokoinoi notschi“: UFOs in the Former Soviet Union

Christian Sommerer recounts his personal interest in the UFO phenomenon in the former Soviet Union, sparked by a news report in October 1989 about a UFO landing in Woronesch. He emphasizes the importance of understanding UFO reports within their specific socio-historical context, stating that "one can and must never isolate the UFO phenomenon from the respective real existing social conditions. Only through interaction, i.e., through intensive interaction with these conditions, do UFO and other reports with 'transcendental' content causally arise."

Sommerer traces the history of UFO phenomena in Russia, noting how the Marxist ideology and materialistic worldview established after the October Revolution of 1918/1919 made it difficult for proponents of "supernatural" phenomena to express their views. During the Cold War, UFO phenomena were linked to anti-Americanism. He critiques the view, presented by Prof. Dr. Martinow, editor-in-chief of "Sterne und Weltraum" (Stars and Space) in 1977, that UFO reports were primarily from uneducated individuals or were Western fabrications for commercial reasons. Sommerer argues that Martinow's points are valid in that they cover both individual sightings and large-scale commercial marketing of UFOs.

He cites a 1976 statistic by Russian scientists Gindilis and Menkow, indicating that approximately 34% of the Soviet population (out of 197 million people) had only basic schooling, making a deep understanding of scientific processes difficult. This, combined with the limited autonomy and ideological indoctrination of the Russian worker, could lead to a tendency towards "reality escape" as a compensation mechanism. This "reality escape hypothesis" is supported by the influx of UFO reports from across the Soviet Union to semi-state commissions. An analysis revealed that most reports were based on imagination or misinterpretations of natural stimuli, suggesting that dictatorial-repressive systems can foster such distortions of reality and specific "UFO-generating mechanisms." Other contributing factors include the vast size of the Soviet Union and its diverse ethnic groups.

The Woronesch Incident

Sommerer details the Woronesch incident, which occurred after dark on an unspecified day in October 1989. According to eyewitnesses, a large, luminous ball landed, a hatch opened, and two or three human-like beings and a small robot emerged. These beings, described as three to four meters tall with small heads, walked around briefly before returning to their spacecraft. Geophysicist Genrich Silanow identified the landing site as a twenty-meter circle with four to five centimeter deep impressions, and two mysterious stone fragments of unknown origin.

Sommerer points out that the eyewitness accounts primarily came from children and adolescents. He discusses the socio-cultural factors influencing the reports, particularly the description of "robot-like beings." He posits that the robot, as a symbol of 100% mechanical, programmable, and infallible machines, represented an ideal materialistic type in Soviet society. The idea of these beings emerging from a "spacecraft" aligns with the Soviet Union's pride in its space achievements, with figures like Yuri Gagarin symbolizing the triumph of communism.

Sommerer introduces his "Kinderbuchhypothese" (Children's Book Hypothesis), suggesting that the Woronesch events can be explained by the prevalence of robots and space adventures in Russian children's literature of the 1970s and 80s. He presents an image by an unnamed Russian artist depicting the Woronesch landing, which he believes captures the "UFO-emotionality" of the former Soviet Union. He contrasts Russian UFO stories with commercialized Western ones like "Perry Rhodan," describing the former as more emotionally resonant and melancholic.

He also critiques the investigation team, specifically mentioning ufologist Jacques Vallee's involvement and his book "Enthüllungen - Begegnungen mit Außerirdischen und menschlichen Manipulationen" (Revelations - Encounters with Extraterrestrials and Human Manipulations). Vallee's 1990 visit to Russia and meeting with researcher Vladimir Aschascha are noted. Aschascha's past activities, including a UFO data collection group banned by the KPdSU in 1979 for spreading mysticism and anti-Soviet reports, are highlighted. Sommerer suggests that UFO phenomena might have been used as a cover for subversive actions by Western intelligence agencies, a possibility that might not fit neatly into conventional UFO concepts.

Sommerer notes that Vallee's investigation of the Woronesch case is undermined by the appearance of the "UMMO" symbol, associated with a fanatical UFO sect, on witness sketches. He concludes that this alone makes the Woronesch incident highly questionable. He also mentions Marina Popowitsch, a former test pilot, who published "UFO-Glasnost" and presented a latex doll photo as an alien. The article suggests that the chaos of Russia's transition to a market economy has led to an "anything goes" attitude in the local UFO scene.

Christian Sommerer's background includes an interest in UFOs since the fall of the Berlin Wall, inspired by sightings in the former Soviet Union, and he is an amateur astronomer. He was involved in establishing a CENAP regional representation in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern and created a bilingual website.

Modeerscheinung Okkultismus: Was ist dran? (Occultism as a Fashion Phenomenon: What's Behind It?)

Gerald Hofmann explores the phenomena of occultism, spiritualism, esotericism, and magic, framing them under the umbrella of parapsychology. He introduces Diplom-Physicist Walter von Lucadou, who, according to Hofmann, finds natural explanations for over 90% of "haunting events," accepting the remaining unexplained cases due to a lack of data.

Hofmann questions why serious scientists engage with such topics, tracing the history of "secret sciences" like magic back to the Celts and their Druid priests. He describes the Druids as not harmless figures but as controllers of tribes who demanded human sacrifices and enforced their commands harshly. In ancient times, natural phenomena like seasons, plant growth, and weather were mysterious. The Druids, as an "elite group," kept this knowledge within their circle, gaining power over the populace. This knowledge, combined with rituals and secret practices, formed "secret science," with the Druids as its "guardians."

He connects this to the idea of power, even the manipulation of historical events through magic and prophecy, citing the Third Reich's "Führer" who believed himself divinely sent. He compares this to the "Oracle of Delphi," suggesting that volcanic gases might have induced a trance state in the priestess, influencing Greek politics.

Hellsichtigkeit (Clairvoyance) and Nostradamus

Hofmann focuses on clairvoyance, highlighting Nostradamus (Michel de Notre-Dame) as a famous proponent. Born in 1503, Nostradamus initially practiced as a doctor and businessman before gaining fame as a seer through his four-line prophecies published in 1555 as "Centuries." His prophecies were shrouded in mystery, and the Church's prohibition of his verses, which allegedly predicted the downfall of the papacy, only increased his notoriety. Hofmann states that the verses, when translated literally, are nonsensical, providing an example of a prophecy about a "holy chalice" being poisoned.

He explains that "Nostradamus experts" use various methods to decipher these verses, rearranging letters and words to assign dates and determine events. While this method works well for events that have already happened (like World War I and II, which were "retrofitted" to fit the prophecies), it is problematic for predicting the future. The example verse about the "holy chalice" is claimed to have predicted the death of Pope John Paul I in 1978.

Hofmann then presents a series of Nostradamus predictions for the period up to 2000, including the destruction of the Swiss financial system in 1995, a war between Turkey and Greece between 1991 and 1998, Israel's defeat by its Arab neighbors, a major earthquake in California on May 8, 1993, causing San Diego to be submerged and Los Angeles to be inundated, and the destruction of Hollywood. He also mentions the alleged re-election of George Bush, Tom Cruise becoming a "strong man," the first extraterrestrial broadcasts in 1998, and cancer being curable by sound waves in 1995. He sarcastically notes that Pope John Paul II was allegedly already dead in 1995, implying the current Pope is an imposter.

Hofmann concludes that while Nostradamus's system works perfectly for past events, it is a source of amusement for future predictions.

Witches

Moving on to witches, Hofmann references Pope Innocent VIII's definition of witches as individuals who engage in sexual relations with demons, use magic to destroy crops and animals, and cause pain to humans and animals, hindering marital duties. He suggests that many people, particularly women, would have fit this description and could have been persecuted. He also criticizes modern television program directors and advertisers.

He states that millions of people, mostly courageous and educated women, were victims of this witch hunt in Europe until the 18th century. Experts in witch research, interviewed on an ARD broadcast in 1999, explained that accused witches were often women knowledgeable in natural healing or psychology. Their success in healing, which sometimes saved those considered beyond help by physicians (referred to as "bone breakers"), apparently threatened the established medical practitioners. These women developed a salve, possibly containing belladonna (highly poisonous), which, when applied to the skin, particularly in areas with lymph nodes, caused hallucinations of flying. Scientists in the 19th century tested these salves and confirmed their hallucinogenic properties, linking them to the idea of flying to the Blocksberg. Many records were lost due to the Inquisition, but the "witchcraft craze" was used by the Church, particularly after the publication of the "Hammer of Witches" (Malleus Maleficarum), to intimidate the populace and control them, using "secret knowledge" to maintain the worldview of a specific group.

Voodoo and the Curse of the Pharaohs

Hofmann then discusses Voodoo, which originated in Africa and is practiced in South America, especially Haiti. He explains that Voodoo involves influencing people through dolls representing them or their belongings, potentially causing harm or death. The "Zombies" are created through a potion that induces a state of apparent death, from which the victim can be revived and manipulated by the Voodoo master. He notes that Voodoo rituals mix pagan and Christian elements and that victims are often informed of the process, leading to psychosomatic illnesses and deaths attributed to the curse.

He also touches upon the "Curse of the Pharaohs," suggesting that archaeologists who disturbed the tombs of pharaohs died unnatural deaths. Hofmann explains this not as a supernatural curse but as a result of inhaling toxic mold spores and bacteria present in the sealed tomb chambers. When the chambers were breached, the archaeologists inhaled these airborne contaminants, leading to respiratory failure and poisoning.

Spiritualism

Finally, Hofmann addresses spiritualism, particularly in 19th-century England during Queen Victoria's reign. He describes the era's strict social conventions, where outward piety masked a "double standard." He notes the prevalence of séances and the beginnings of scientific investigation into these phenomena, which led to the establishment of a parapsychology chair at the University of Freiburg.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The magazine consistently adopts a critical and rational approach to paranormal phenomena. It seeks to debunk claims of the supernatural by providing scientific, psychological, and socio-historical explanations. The editorial stance favors demystification and emphasizes the importance of context, whether it be political, social, or cultural, in understanding reported anomalies. The magazine appears to be skeptical of sensational claims and aims to provide a grounded perspective on topics often shrouded in mystery and belief.

This issue of "Der Ufo-Student – Kritisches Magazin für UFO-Forschung" spans pages 41-50 and delves into a critical examination of paranormal phenomena, psychological explanations, and advanced military technology. The magazine adopts a skeptical stance towards supernatural claims, favoring scientific and psychological interpretations.

Historical Context of Paranormal Phenomena

The issue begins by contextualizing historical paranormal events within the social and cultural milieu of the 19th century. It describes a society where opium use was prevalent among the elite, leading to parties and potentially influencing perceptions of reality. The use of 'Laudanum' (an opiate) was common, contributing to altered states of consciousness. Seances were popular social gatherings, with 'mediums' acting as entertainers. The era also saw the rise of literature like 'Dracula,' reflecting a time of limited scientific understanding and widespread superstition.

The article highlights that phenomena like ghosts, spiritism, and occultism have played a significant role throughout history, with many prominent historical figures and scientists believing in them. Examples include the appearance of the phantom 'Katie King' during Florence Cook's séances in the 1870s, and the materialization of 'Bien Boa' in Algiers in 1905.

Case Studies of Paranormal Events

Several case studies are presented to illustrate alleged paranormal occurrences:

• Rosenheim Poltergeist (1967-1968): In the office of a lawyer named Adam in Rosenheim, inexplicable events occurred, including lights extinguishing, loud noises, fuses blowing, photocopier fluid spraying, telephones ringing simultaneously, and phone calls dropping. These events were linked to a nineteen-year-old employee, Annemarie S., and ceased when she found new employment.
• Brühl Haunted House (1951): A house in Brühl gained notoriety for curtains disappearing without a trace. The phenomena stopped when cameras were introduced to investigate.
• Neuendorf Incident (1952): In the mayor's house in Neuendorf, a noise like a small grenade was heard, and nails rained down in the bedroom, originating from the kitchen cupboard.
• The Green Children of Banjos (1887): Two children with green skin, a boy and a girl, appeared near the village of Banjos in Spain. They spoke an unknown language and wore strange clothing. They subsisted on raw beans, and the boy eventually died, followed by the girl.

Psychological and Scientific Explanations

The magazine strongly advocates for psychological explanations for these phenomena. It cites the opinions of prominent figures like philosopher Wilhelm Wundt and zoologist Ernst Haeckel, who dismissed spiritualist experiments as trickery and a result of excessive fantasy and lack of critical thinking. Psychologist Münsterberg also debunked the medium Eusapia Palladino.

Ludwig Staudenmaier's self-experiments are a central focus. He initially took mediums seriously but eventually concluded that the 'spirits' communicating with him were personifications originating from his own subconscious. The magazine posits that this condition, if consciously evoked, points to personality splitting or schizophrenia.

Staudenmaier's research is presented as evidence that phenomena like spirit manifestations and materializations are produced within the medium's brain, not in an external spiritual realm. The article concludes that the study of these occurrences falls under psychology, not the supernatural.

Modern Phenomena and Scientific Principles

The issue then turns to more contemporary phenomena:

• Psychokinesis: The ability to move objects without physical contact is discussed. It is suggested that this might be linked to the generation of electromagnetic fields by individuals, particularly during psychological stress or developmental stages like puberty. The article notes that such phenomena are often tied to individuals rather than locations, contradicting the idea of 'haunted houses.'
• Telepathy: The phenomenon of thought transference is explained as a common experience, especially in romantic relationships, where individuals feel a strong connection and intuitive understanding.

The "Green Children of Banjos" Re-examined

The case of the "Green Children of Banjos" is revisited, with the magazine offering a scientific explanation. Esoterics interpret it as evidence of parallel worlds, while ufologists suggest alien involvement. The article proposes a more mundane explanation: the children's green skin could be due to a high intake of chlorophyll or a similar substance, analogous to how excessive beta-carotene can cause yellowing of the skin (as seen in a case involving the drink 'Sunny Delight'). The children's diet of raw beans and their origin from a cave could explain their behavior and appearance, suggesting it was a human drama of abandonment rather than an extraterrestrial event.

The Limits of Physics and the Nature of Consciousness

The article touches upon the limitations of current scientific understanding, particularly the incompatibility between quantum physics and general relativity. It states that while quantum mechanics allows for probabilities of particles existing outside of events, this does not translate to macroscopic phenomena like time travel or entering parallel worlds. The concept of a 'fine-material body' (feinstofflicher Körper) used by esoterics is dismissed as not applicable to the macroscopic world.

Advanced Military Technology: Stealth Aircraft

A significant portion of the magazine is dedicated to the development of advanced German military technology, specifically stealth aircraft. The article "Bundeswehr erhält unsichtbares Kampf-Flugzeug" (Bundeswehr Receives Invisible Fighter Jet) by Sascha Schomacker details the "Technologieträger FAWS" project.

• FAWS Project: This project, undertaken by DASA (now part of Daimler-Chrysler Aerospace), aims to develop a new generation of fighter jets to replace the Tornado by 2015. The FAWS (Future Airborne Weapon System) is designed to be invisible to radar and visual detection through Visuell-Stealth technology, which uses an adaptive camouflage coating. It will also feature new vectored thrust nozzles allowing for 90-degree turns and reduced noise and heat signatures, making it difficult to locate.
• TSPJ System: The FAWS will incorporate advanced electronic warfare systems, including the TSPJ (Täuschsystem) developed through cooperation between the German Federal Intelligence Service (Bundesnachrichtendienst) and Israel's Mossad. TSPJ can modify radar signatures to deceive enemy radar, making aircraft appear as a swarm of birds, thus increasing survivability.
• German Technological Superiority: The article suggests that Germany's stealth technology is significantly advanced, potentially surpassing that of the USA, citing the F-117 and F-16 as comparable to 'medieval children's toys' in comparison. It highlights that Germany had a superior stealth fighter project, "Glühwürmchen" (Glow-worm), as early as 1987, which was more advanced than the American F-117.
• Technological Exchange: The issue raises questions about how DASA obtained plans for the F-117 before its existence was widely known, suggesting a possible request for German technological assistance from the United States due to Germany's advanced radar camouflage and flight characteristics.

Author and Contact Information

Sascha Schomacker, a representative for CENAP in Northern Germany and a member of GEP, is credited with articles on stealth technology and military aspects related to UFOs. His contact information is provided.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The magazine consistently promotes a rational, scientific, and skeptical approach to phenomena often attributed to the supernatural or extraterrestrial. It emphasizes the power of the human mind and the explanations offered by psychology and physics. The editorial stance is critical of esotericism and spiritualism, viewing them as based on misinterpretations of psychological processes or outright deception. The article on stealth technology showcases German engineering prowess, contrasting it with a critical view of the perceived decline in US military aviation innovation. The overall tone is educational, aiming to debunk myths and provide evidence-based explanations.

This issue of "Der Ufo-Student – Kritisches Magazin für UFO-Forschung" features several articles focusing on significant events and figures in UFOlogy, with a critical and investigative approach. The main articles cover the "Operation Mainbrace" UFO sighting, the Roswell incident, and a detailed critique of the contactee George Adamski.

Das UFO von Operation Mainbrace

This article by Werner Walter investigates the UFO sighting during the NATO exercise "Operation Mainbrace" in September 1952. Reports claimed a UFO was sighted and photographed over the North Sea. The article notes that the photographic material and the story behind it were difficult to find for a long time. Through detective work, the photographer was eventually located 25 years after the event. The incident, reported by the Norwegian newspaper Aftenpost, involved a "flying saucer" sighted near the US aircraft carrier "Franklin D. Roosevelt." A New York photographer managed to capture three color photos of the object. The object was described as round, silver-white, and moving at a constant speed. A British RAF pilot also reported seeing a shiny, spherical object that moved erratically. The incident was logged by Project Blue Book as "unidentified." The article discusses the challenges in identifying the object, with some suggesting it could have been a weather balloon. The photographs themselves, when released by the USAF, were described as showing a typical balloon-like impression.

Critique of UFO Phenomena and Adamski

Several articles delve into the broader context of UFO research, questioning common interpretations and highlighting potential hoaxes and misidentifications. The magazine discusses how many UFO sightings can be attributed to misperceived phenomena like meteors, balloons, or even aircraft lights. The role of "prank balloons" and the psychological effects of perception are emphasized. A significant portion of the magazine is dedicated to a critical examination of George Adamski, a prominent "contactee" figure of the 1950s. The articles question the authenticity of his claims and photographs, suggesting they were fabricated or based on existing models. The magazine traces the origins of Adamski's stories, pointing to collaborations with individuals like Lonzo Dove and Clara Louis John, and suggests that Adamski's "flying saucer" designs were not unique but rather reflective of contemporary popular imagination, possibly influenced by comic books. The article highlights how Adamski's claims were met with skepticism even within the UFO community, with some publications like the "Flying Saucer Review" eventually distancing themselves from his more outlandish assertions. The magazine also touches upon other controversial figures like Billy Meier, drawing parallels with Adamski's case.

The Roswell Incident: 10 Questions and Answers

This section, authored by Uli Thieme, provides a detailed Q&A about the infamous Roswell incident of 1947. Thieme, who was once a proponent of the alien crash theory, now argues that the event was not an alien spaceship crash but rather the recovery of a secret US Air Force project called MOGUL. The article addresses common questions about the incident, including when the debris was found, who found it, why it was reported, and whether debris was presented to the sheriff. Thieme asserts that the widely cited dates of July 2nd or 4th, 1947, are incorrect and that the debris was found around June 14th, 1947, by rancher Mac Brazel. The reporting of the incident to the authorities is explained as a result of Brazel hearing about "flying saucer" reports and being advised to report his find. The article concludes that the "flying saucer" story was a cover-up for the MOGUL project, and that the alien crash narrative is a myth.

Other Cases and Reflections

Brief mentions are made of other cases, such as the Thomas Mantell incident, which is explained as a pilot's death due to oxygen deprivation while pursuing a meteorological balloon. The article also touches upon the work of Dr. H. Percy Wilkins, an astronomer who claimed to have seen lunar structures and UFOs, and the influence of Adamski's ideas on subsequent UFO culture. The magazine concludes by emphasizing the critical approach needed in UFO research, distinguishing between genuine phenomena and misinterpretations or deliberate fabrications.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The recurring themes in this issue are the critical examination of UFO phenomena, the debunking of popular myths, and the historical analysis of key UFO cases and figures. The editorial stance is clearly skeptical, favoring rational explanations such as misidentification, meteorological phenomena, and hoaxes over extraterrestrial hypotheses. The magazine aims to provide a more grounded and evidence-based perspective on UFO research, challenging the sensationalism often associated with the topic.

This issue of 'Der Ufo-Student – Kritisches Magazin für UFO-Forschung' (The UFO Student – Critical Magazine for UFO Research) delves into the controversial Roswell incident of 1947, presenting a critical and skeptical perspective. The content is structured as a series of questions and answers, aiming to debunk common myths and provide a more grounded analysis of the events.

Question 6: Were there other crash sites near Roswell?

The magazine addresses claims of multiple crash sites near Roswell, stating that most are attributed to only two witnesses, Frank Kaufmann and Jim Ragsdale, both described as proven liars. Jim Ragsdale, who died in 1995, is noted for having sworn a false oath and even having his last crash site confirmed as 'The Jim Ragsdale Event and Crash Site' to secure financial benefits from its marketing. The issue emphasizes that no other firsthand witnesses mentioned any crash site other than the Brazel/Foster-Ranch.

Question 7: Were alien bodies found at the crash sites?

This section unequivocally states 'No.' The magazine asserts that no historically verifiable firsthand witnesses ever saw or mentioned aliens or alien bodies. It dismisses claims involving Kaufmann and Ragsdale as unbelievable. The alleged military nurse who claimed to have seen aliens and been told about them is also questioned, with the magazine stating that such accounts are fabrications that emerged on the international market only from 1980/1991 and have no connection to the 1947 events.

The issue also refutes a commonly cited quote attributed to Mac Brazel about 'little green men,' clarifying that the quote actually originated from Walter E. Whitmore and was mistakenly attributed to Brazel.

Question 8: Were there reprisals or oaths required?

Only one firsthand witness, Bill Rickett, reported being told by his supervisor, Cavitt, to forget everything. However, Cavitt's superior, Ricketts' boss, testified under oath that this did not happen. The magazine highlights that no other firsthand witnesses reported any oath-swearing, and six firsthand witnesses confirmed they were not subjected to any reprisals or government pressure.

Question 9: Was there a military cover-up?

The magazine confirms a military cover-up, but argues it was not to conceal the recovery of a crashed UFO, but rather to divert attention from the top-secret Project MOGUL. The first action involved presenting 'Mogul-balloon remnants' as those of a normal 'Raywin weather balloon' in General Roger Ramey's office on July 8, 1947. A second action was an article in the Alamogordo News on July 10, 1947, which reported on the explanation of 'flying saucers' by a newspaper reporter observing an army radar unit launching a 'disc.'

Crucially, Stabschef Thomas J. DuBose, present in General Ramey's office, stated in a 1990 interview that the original Roswell debris was never exchanged for weather balloon material. This suggests the debris was indeed from the Roswell incident.

Question 10: Why did the 'UFO' story emerge in Roswell?

This section posits that in 1947, the term 'UFO' or 'alien spacecraft' was not yet in use; people spoke of 'flying saucers.' The emergence of the Roswell myth is explained through a sequence of events: Mac Brazel found debris but initially thought little of it until his brother-in-law suggested it might be a 'flying saucer.' When Brazel reported this to Sheriff Georg Wilcox, he had not seen the debris himself. Wilcox, trusting Brazel's account, informed Major Jesse Marcel. Marcel then reportedly contacted the press (AP), leading to a press release by Walter Haut before anyone had actually seen the debris. This premature announcement ignited the 'flying saucer' story, which quickly spread. The subsequent call to DuBose by Generalmajor Clements McMullen, inquiring about the object, led to the order to transport the debris to Fort Worth, not because the debris proved it was an alien craft, but because the press reports had piqued Washington's curiosity.

The magazine concludes that the object crashed near Roswell in 1947 was definitively not an alien spaceship with aliens on board, but rather a product of unscrupulous storytellers.

Recommended and Discouraged Literature

The issue provides lists of recommended and discouraged literature concerning the Roswell incident. Recommended authors and works include Klaus Webner, Karl T. Pflock, the USAF's official reports, Kal K. Korff, Philip J. Klass, and Uli Thieme. Discouraged literature includes works by René Coudris, Johannes von Buttlar, and Michael Hesemann.

Recommended Newsletters

Several newsletters are recommended for those interested in UFO research, including 'JUFOF Journal für UFO-Forschung,' 'CENAP-REPORT,' 'Skeptics UFO Newsletter,' and 'Saucer Smear.'

Uli Thieme Profile

A brief profile of Uli Thieme, born in 1951, a lithographer and graphic designer, is included. Thieme's interest in UFOs began with Erich von Däniken's book 'Memories of the Future.' His travels to South America in 1978, where he visited structures Däniken attributed to aliens, made him realize how easily people can be misled by eloquent authors. The Roswell incident fascinated him since the first book on the topic appeared in the USA in 1980. His visits to Roswell and Socorro in 1993 and 1995, and his research into witness testimonies, led him to conclude that the Roswell incident was not an alien spacecraft, and that charlatans exploit the topic.

Interview with Mirko Mojsilovic: "A Gathering of Psychopaths"

This section features an interview with Mirko Mojsilovic, a founding member of the UFO-Interessengemeinschaft Hamburg (UIH) and an active field researcher. Mojsilovic discusses the UIH, which evolved from the RUFON (Regionales UFO-Forschungszentrum Nord). He describes RUFON as a discussion group that met bi-monthly, with limited member participation, largely controlled by its founder, Gerhard Cerven. The UIH, in contrast, is presented as a Dachorganisation (umbrella organization) for independent UFO groups, with working groups for UFO research (non-esoteric), field research, extraterrestrials, and public relations.

Mojsilovic explains his own entry into UFO research, influenced by Erich von Däniken in the 1970s and later by books like 'Das Geheimnis der unbekannten Flugobjekte' by Schneider and Malthaner. He became a member of GEP and CENAP in 1989, finding the information he sought there.

Regarding the Extraterrestrial Hypothesis (ETH), Mojsilovic believes that life in the universe is probable but states there is no evidence for alien visitation to Earth. He emphasizes the importance of scientific expertise over personal opinions when discussing such matters.

A serious UFO researcher, in his view, must be capable of self-criticism, conduct on-site investigations, and interview witnesses. He criticizes the German UFO scene, describing it as a 'gathering of psychopaths' where individuals prioritize ego and differentiation over common ground, a phenomenon he terms 'kindergarten ufology.' He suggests that UFO subcultures attract psychopaths and failures seeking social recognition.

Mojsilovic recounts his 'most spectacular case' involving a witness who saw a bright light and then several small points of light. He explains this sighting as likely being an internally illuminated airship (blimp) that was in use in the Hamburg area at the time. The flight path of this airship, from the city center to Ütersen, passed over the witness's residential area.

Looking ahead, Mojsilovic plans to establish a UFO research group for Northern Germany and mentions upcoming UIH events, including a conference in 2000 and exhibitions.

A brief biography of Mirko Mojsilovic is provided, detailing his birth in Belgrade in 1962, his move to Germany in 1969, his physics studies at the University of Hamburg, his membership in GEP and CENAP, and his founding roles in UIH and the Hamburger Forum.

Interview with Werner Walter: "I feel I have been duped by a charlatan"

This interview features Werner Walter discussing his experiences with MUFON-CES and its leader, Illobrand von Ludwiger. Walter, who studied geophysics and atmospheric physics, became interested in unexplained aerial phenomena, drawing parallels to the scientific neglect of ball lightning. He was contacted by von Ludwiger to become the Austrian representative for MUFON-CES, which was presented as a scientific organization.

Walter initially had high expectations, believing MUFON-CES comprised scientists and engineers using scientific methods. He and another member, Herr Sidla, investigated several UFO cases in Austria, successfully explaining most as misidentifications of lights from discotheques or shopping centers. Walter's phone conversations with von Ludwiger reinforced his belief in the organization's scientific approach.

However, Walter eventually felt deceived. He recounts an incident where he was asked to investigate a witness's experience through hypnosis. This investigation was conducted by a 'spiritist' who claimed the witness was visited by aliens from the Andromeda Galaxy, for which the witness had to pay. This experience led Walter to question von Ludwiger's claims of scientific rigor, suspecting a preference for 'New-Age-Spiritism' over genuine research.

Walter criticizes von Ludwiger for not distancing himself from 'spiritism' and 'mediums,' citing an article in 'Grenzgebiete der Wissenschaft.' He notes that most MUFON-CES members are unaware of these 'medial' activities and dedicate their free time to serious UFO research.

Regarding MUFON-CES conferences, Walter describes the organizational structure as a pyramid, with von Ludwiger at the top. He believes the organization's refusal to share information with other UFO groups hinders genuine scientific exchange. He cites the 'Fehrenbach case' and the 'Wedel photo' as examples where MUFON-CES's premature judgment of photos as 'real' could have been avoided with better collaboration.

Walter explains his ideal UFO investigation process: thorough witness interviews, credibility assessment, and interdisciplinary collaboration with scientists. He advocates for a skeptical yet open-minded approach, emphasizing that unexplained cases do not necessarily imply extraterrestrial involvement.

Walter confirms feeling duped by von Ludwiger, realizing this when he observed that von Ludwiger seemed to control who was interviewed on a TV show ('Spiegel-TV' on VOX). He also mentions that von Ludwiger excluded a person named Herr Kage from a MUFON-CES meeting, despite Kage having designed the cover for von Ludwiger's book, because Kage had participated in a 'Dialog mit dem Universum' event.

Walter expresses concern that von Ludwiger's association with 'spiritism' and 'mediums' is not known to most MUFON-CES members, who are genuinely interested in scientific UFO research. He hopes that MUFON-CES will address this issue to maintain its scientific reputation.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The overarching theme of this issue is a critical and skeptical examination of the Roswell incident and the broader UFO phenomenon. The magazine actively debunks sensationalist claims, questions witness testimonies, and exposes what it perceives as pseudoscientific practices within some UFO research organizations. The editorial stance is firmly rooted in a demand for rigorous scientific methodology, evidence-based reasoning, and a clear distinction between genuine research and unsubstantiated speculation or 'New Age' spiritualism. The magazine aims to present a more rational and grounded perspective on UFOs, challenging the prevailing myths and exposing what it views as charlatans and 'blenders' within the field.

This issue of "Der Ufo-Student – Kritisches Magazin für UFO-Forschung" (The UFO Student – Critical Magazine for UFO Research) features a collection of book reviews and news items related to the UFO phenomenon. The content is primarily in German, with a focus on critical analysis and discussion within the UFO research community.

Book Reviews

"Phantastische Wissenschaft" by Markus Pössel

This review critiques Markus Pössel's book, which focuses on Erich von Däniken and Johannes von Buttlar. The reviewer, Roland M. Horn, finds Pössel's arguments sometimes weak, particularly regarding the 'light bulb relief' in the Hathor Temple of Dendera and the Dogon/Sirius problem. Horn notes that Pössel dismisses the idea of ancient astronauts too readily and criticizes his handling of the 'Flight 19' incident and the Bermuda Triangle. While acknowledging Pössel's critical approach, the reviewer concludes that the book is more of a 'debunker's book' than an objective work.

"Unidentifizierte Flugobjekte über Europa" by Illobrand von Ludwiger

This review discusses Illobrand von Ludwiger's book, which presents scientific evidence from radar, optical sensors, and military airspace surveillance regarding UFOs over Europe. Ludwiger, head of the UFO research group MUFON-CES, focuses on UFO shapes and encounters with landed UFOs and their occupants. He concludes that UFOs are physical, manned objects and that time travel is the most likely explanation. The reviewer finds Ludwiger's argumentation generally sound but questions the classification of cases as 'unexplained' by MUFON-CES, suggesting that psychological aspects and perceptual errors are often overlooked.

"Bevor die UFOs kamen" by Lars A. Fischinger

Lars A. Fischinger's book is reviewed, focusing on alleged UFO sightings and encounters from ancient times. The book is divided into two parts: UFO sightings in the Middle Ages and alleged UFO encounters in ancient traditions (Bible, ancient Jewish writings, Indian traditions, etc.). Fischinger critically examines each case but concludes that many point to the presence of 'celestial visitors' in the past. However, he refrains from definitively identifying them as extraterrestrials, suggesting their true nature and motivation remain mysterious. The reviewer praises Fischinger for making readers think and not selectively choosing facts to support a theory.

"Geheimakte Archäologie" by Luc Bürgin

Luc Bürgin's book is described as potentially dangerous, holding enough 'dynamite' to challenge our understanding of history. The book suggests that ancient ancestors were far more advanced than currently believed, hinting at a scientific revolution. Bürgin presents sensational evidence, including 400 gold and stone artifacts, tunnel systems in Ecuador with golden dinosaur figures, and a 'metal library.' He also mentions dinosaur depictions in Iraq, 500,000-year-old spark plugs, and a secret Egyptian burial slab in the Grand Canyon. The reviewer notes that while the book touches on the 'PALÄO-SETI' thesis, its main focus is on the evidence of advanced ancient civilizations and the mysteries surrounding their knowledge and builders. The book is characterized as a thorough, factual, and exciting report.

"Das Rätsel: Unbekannte Flugobjekte" by Hans-Werner Peiniger

This review covers Hans-Werner Peiniger's book, which compiles revised contributions from the 'Journal für UFO-Forschung.' The book includes highlights such as analyses of the Roswell film and the 'UFO crash at Roswell,' arguing against the crash of an alien craft. It also discusses abduction experiences, presenting arguments for both objective occurrences and psycho-social explanations. Dr. Johannes Fiebag provides arguments against psycho-social explanations, while Rudolf Henke critically questions Dr. John Mack's work, and Gerald Mosbleck questions the use of hypnosis in UFO sightings. Peiniger identifies common stimuli for UFO sightings and concludes that most are explainable, though a few cases remain unexplained.

"UFOs - Die Wahrheit" by Werner Walter

Werner Walter's book is critically reviewed. The reviewer finds the title overly ambitious, claiming to reveal the 'truth' about UFOs. The book's structure is criticized for having 52 chapters without clear connections. The reviewer points out instances of perceived arrogance in Walter's writing, particularly his dismissive attitude towards abduction victims. While acknowledging that the book contains interesting cases and potential explanations, the reviewer suggests that readers seeking an objective overview might be disappointed.

UFO-News

Controversy: Schedel vs. Hesemann

This section reports on a dispute between Josef Schedel (VfgP.-Verein für grenzwissenschaftliche Phänomene) and Michael Hesemann (Magazin 2000), which was covered on various homepages and in E.T.-Magazin. The dispute stemmed from a letter Hesemann sent to the recently deceased Johannes Fiebag.

RTL Launches UFOs Again

RTL began a new UFO TV documentary series titled "UFOs 2000 - Jetzt kommen sie" (UFOs 2000 - Now they are coming) on December 2, 1999. The series included episodes like "Astronauts and Pilots Break Their Silence," "The Secrets of the Military," and "What Really Lies Beneath."

UFO Night on N3

On January 22, 2000, N3 broadcast a "UFO Night" featuring reruns of two Rhode documentaries: "UFOs: Und es gibt sie doch!" (UFOs: And they do exist!) and "Von UFOs entführt?" (Abducted by UFOs?). The review notes that "UFOs: Und es gibt sie doch!" had previously caused controversy in 1994, with critics like Rudolf Henke analyzing and debunking alleged UFO cases presented as authentic.

UFO Project: Seeking Assistance

Rudolf Henke of Forum Parawissenschaften issued a call on February 25, 2000, for a project to statistically evaluate all UFO reports from Germany. The goal is to clarify numerous questions that have remained unanswered after more than 20 years of critical UFO phenomenon research. Interested individuals are asked to contact Rudolf Henke.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The magazine consistently adopts a critical and analytical stance towards UFO phenomena and related literature. It encourages readers to question claims, examine evidence, and consider psychological and mundane explanations alongside more exotic theories. The reviews often highlight the importance of rigorous research methodology and warn against sensationalism or biased reporting. The editorial stance appears to favor a balanced approach, acknowledging the existence of unexplained cases while emphasizing the need for scientific scrutiny and avoiding premature conclusions about extraterrestrial origins.

Title: Der Ufo-Student
Issue: Pilotnummer (Issue 1)
Date: New Millennium (circa 2000)
Publisher: CENAP

This issue of 'Der Ufo-Student' presents a critical look at the UFO scene, covering changes in established publications, new online ventures, media coverage of UFO topics, and re-evaluations of past incidents. The magazine adopts a skeptical yet investigative stance, aiming for objective analysis over uncritical belief.

CENAP Report Changes

The CENAP Report, a long-standing UFO publication, is undergoing significant changes due to cost considerations. Its publication frequency is being reduced from six-weekly to bi-monthly, and the total page count will be drastically cut to 44 pages. Special editions exceeding 90 pages will no longer be produced. However, the subscription price of DM 70,- remains the same.

UFO-Tagung 2000 – Cröffelbach III

Details are provided for the 'Tagung der deutschen UFO-Forscher' (Conference of German UFO Researchers) in Cröffelbach. The event is scheduled to take place over a full weekend, from October 27th to 30th, 2000. Attendees are responsible for their own bookings, with specific contact information for Hotel-Gasthof Ochsen provided. Special rates for accommodation are available: Gasthof EZ 79,- DM / DZ 99,- DM, and Hotel EZ 95,- / DZ 119,- DM. Interested individuals are encouraged to sign up for the newsletter for further updates.

UFOs at T-Online: Michael Hesemann Interview

A critical review is presented of a UFO quiz hosted on T-Online, which included a 12-page interview with ufologist Michael Hesemann. The article criticizes the quiz for being one-sided, suggesting it tested users' knowledge of Hesemann's books rather than general UFO topics. The interview reportedly covered familiar subjects like Roswell, Socorro, and Area 51, and was accompanied by slideshows featuring Hesemann's 'evidence' and artifacts. A protest was launched by the CENAP mailing list against this 'nonsense' presentation. The T-Online pages have since been removed, and a critical summary is available online.

Kopp Dossier Moves Online

The well-known UFO magazine 'Kopp Dossier' (formerly 'UFO-Kurier') is transitioning entirely to an online format starting April 2000. The publishers, Jochen Kopp and Andreas Rétyi, informed subscribers of this shift. While the print version was priced at DM 22.50 per issue, the online version will cost DM 6.00 per month for access to current issues. The article expresses skepticism about the success of this move, citing the limited internet access of many people, the nature of the internet as an 'e-commerce center', and the availability of free online UFO magazines as potential barriers.

UFO-TV in March

Television programming related to UFOs in March is noted. VOX aired a program on March 6th as part of the BBC series "Faktor X" with the theme "In Search of ET". On March 7th, RTL II broadcast a repeat of a program titled "The Craziest Deceptions in the World," originally aired on May 1st, 1999, which included "The Biggest Bluffs..." The timing of this broadcast at 21:05, following "Big Brother," was considered advantageous for viewership.

Pro7's "Welt der Wunder Spezial" on Aliens

On March 12th, Pro7 aired a "Welt der Wunder Spezial" on the topic of Aliens, possibly influenced by the recent release of the blockbuster film "Independence Day." The program reportedly took a skeptical stance on the Roswell incident, presenting the widely accepted explanation of a spy balloon rather than leaving the case open.

Free Online Magazine for Paleo-SETI

A new online magazine, PräO (Prä-Astronautik Online), has been launched by Lars A. Fischinger. It focuses on the subject of Paleo-SETI and can be ordered for free via email at [email protected], delivered directly to the recipient's inbox.

AOL Joins the UFO Scene

Following T-Online's engagement with the UFO topic, AOL has also introduced a comprehensive section dedicated to UFOs. Contributor Sascha Schomacker reports that AOL's UFO section features dozens of pages, covering topics from Area 51 to MJ-12, with a detailed, though ultimately deemed "superfluous," presentation.

Jan Aldrich Gives Up Ufology - Or Does He?

In a significant development, veteran UFO researcher Jan Aldrich, initiator of Project 1947, has reportedly announced his withdrawal from UFO research. Citing decades of "fruitless searching" and a desire to focus on "other things in life," Aldrich's decision has sent shockwaves through the US UFO community. Other UFOlogists, such as Larry Hatch and Jenny Randles, have expressed understanding for Aldrich's decision, with Randles noting the difficulty of competing with "charlatans" in the field. However, Aldrich later reconsidered his decision after colleagues urged him to continue his historical research, stating he would continue as a historian despite feeling the 'air has gone out' of UFO research for him personally.

NASA and UFOs - The "Smoking Gun" is Drawn

Anticipation surrounded the release of new NASA UFO video material by the English magazine UFO on March 11th, 2000. This material, partly available online and soon on video, was also presented at the 9th Annual International UFO Congress Convention and Film Festival in Laughlin, Nevada. The footage was reportedly obtained by Martyn Stubbs, a cable TV manager who monitored official NASA channels. Stubbs captured over 520 videotapes containing more than 2,500 hours of transmissions, from which a 90-minute video titled "Secret Transmissions: The Smoking Gun" was compiled. The material is claimed to show two types of phenomena attributed to extraterrestrials. Dr. Guido Nigro, Director of the SETI Radio Observatory, expressed being "very impressed" by a summary of the footage, suggesting it might prove the existence of something unknown to officials and hinting at a cover-up if it is indeed extraterrestrial. He stated that if the material is genuine, those involved in a cover-up are "enemies of the entire human race."

UFOlogy's Downward Spiral: It All Began with ID4

The article posits that the film "Independence Day" (ID4), released in 1996, played a significant role in the decline of ufology. The film, along with others like "The Day the Earth Stood Still" and "Close Encounters of the Third Kind," popularized UFO myths and provided 'explanations' that diminished the mystery. Roland Emmerich's film is seen as having taken this further by depicting aliens and UFOs behaving differently than commonly believed, effectively turning the entire ufological idea on its head. The article suggests that this popularization, combined with the rise of scientific approaches like SETI@home, has led to a decline in UFO-related publications and a shift towards criticism of ufology. The "Face on Mars" phenomenon's debunking is also cited as a factor contributing to disillusionment.

Interpretation Errors in UFO Crash?

Sascha Schomacker reports on a potential misinterpretation of Robert O. Dean's account of a UFO crash in 1962 at Timmendorfer Strand. Schomacker suggests that the location might have been confused with another place named Timmendorf in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, which is closer to the former border zone. This re-evaluation is based on Dean's description that NATO had to hurry to recover the UFO before the Russians could, which would be more plausible if the crash occurred near the border in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern rather than in West Germany.

ET Without Dots

The electronic UFO magazine formerly known as "E.T." (Extraterrestrisches Magazin) has been renamed "ET" (without dots) due to legal threats from the owner of the "E.T." name. The editor, Dennis Kirstein, faced potential legal action. The magazine's planned database also failed, and there have been complaints about Kirstein's contacts with CENAP.

Letters to the Editor

Several letters are included. Tino Günter from Rathenow expresses hope for feedback and criticism to shape 'Der UFO-Student'. Werner Walter from Mannheim welcomes the pilot issue, acknowledging that some articles might be too enthusiastic for some but emphasizing the importance of discourse and critical examination of UFO topics. Dennis Kirstein from Stuttgart congratulates Tino on the first issue and expresses enthusiasm for collaboration. Christian Sommerer from Eggesin also congratulates the team on the pilot issue's layout and hopes for continued good work. Las Fischinger from Coesfeld-Lette praises the issue. Levent Göle from Göttingen, however, disagrees with the positive reviews, finding the magazine too skeptical and suggesting a lack of objectivity among skeptical publications.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The magazine consistently adopts a critical and analytical approach to UFO phenomena. It questions sensationalism, scrutinizes media portrayals, and encourages a balanced investigation of evidence. The editorial stance appears to favor rigorous research and objective analysis, often contrasting with what it perceives as uncritical enthusiasm or skepticism within the UFO community. There is a recurring theme of the 'decline' or 'downward spiral' of ufology, attributed to various factors including media influence, the nature of online publishing, and the difficulty of establishing definitive proof in the face of skepticism and potential cover-ups.

Title: Der Ufo-Student – Kritisches Magazin für UFO-Forschung
Issue: 1999
Date: 1999
Type: Magazine Issue

This document is the impressum (legal notice) for the German magazine "Der UFO-Student – Kritisches Magazin für UFO-Forschung" (The UFO Student – Critical Magazine for UFO Research). The magazine was conceived by Tino Günter and first published in 1999. It operates on a non-commercial basis and is published quarterly, with four issues per year.

Editorial and Staff

The editorial address is provided as an email: [email protected]. Tino Günter is listed as the Chief Editor (V.i.S.d.P.). The editorial team includes Christian Sommerer, noted as 'English-American-Contact', and Werner Walter, associated with 'Newsletter'. Several freelance contributors are also listed: Dennis Kirstein (DKufo), Josef Schedel (JSched), and Sascha Schomacker (Schom).

Publication and Distribution

The magazine is published quarterly. Individual issues can be accessed via the website http://www.ufo-student.de.

Support and Collaborations

"Der UFO-Student" receives support from several organizations involved in the research of unusual aerial phenomena and fringe science. These include:

• Centrales Erforschungs-Netz außergewöhnlicher Himmelsphänomene (CENAP)
• Gesellschaft zur Erforschung des UFO-Phänomens (GEP) e.V.
• Verein für grenzwissenschaftliche Phänomene (VfgP)
• Gesellschaft zur wissenschaftlichen Untersuchung von Parawissenschaften (GWUP) e.V.
• Das elektronische UFO-Magazin (ET)

Legal Notice Regarding External Links

The impressum includes a significant legal disclaimer concerning external links. It references a decision by the Regional Court of Hamburg on May 12, 1998, which established that website operators can be held responsible for the content of external pages they link to. To avoid this liability, explicit distancing from the content of linked pages is necessary. Consequently, "Der UFO-Student" explicitly distances itself from the content of all external links found on its online publication.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The primary theme of the magazine is UFO research and related paranormal or fringe science topics. The editorial stance, as indicated by the legal disclaimer, is one of caution regarding external content and a desire to maintain editorial independence. The magazine appears to be a platform for reporting and discussing UFO phenomena, with contributions from various individuals and organizations in the field.