UFO PRESS - No 19 - (Ene-Mar 1984)

Magazine Overview

Title: UFO PRESS
Issue: 19
Volume: VI
Date: January-March 1984
Publisher: Comisión de Investigaciones Ufológicas (CIU), Argentina
Type: Quarterly Publication

This issue of UFO PRESS, a quarterly publication dedicated to the diffusion of UFO-related topics, delves deeply into the phenomenon of UFO abductions. The cover prominently features an illustration related to the Travis Walton incident and poses the question "¿SECUESTRADOS?" (Kidnapped?). The editorial board includes Guillermo Carlos Roncoroni and Alejandro César Agostinelli as directors, with Alejandro Enrique Chionetti as Head of Editorial Staff. The issue also lists numerous collaborators, including international figures like Alvin H. Lawson and Willy Smith.

Editorial: De ahora en más...

The editorial, penned by Guillermo Roncoroni, addresses the critical state of ufological investigation in Argentina. Roncoroni argues that the field has been severely impacted by the country's social, political, and economic crisis, leading to a virtual extinction of organized ufology. He attributes this stagnation not solely to economic hardship but fundamentally to a pervasive individualism and a lack of organization among researchers. He criticizes the prevalence of 'rubber stamp' groups with minimal actual membership and highlights how individual researchers often hoard information, creating "exclusive photographs" and "ultra-secret archives." This isolation, coupled with discouragement, leads many good investigators to withdraw from the field. Roncoroni calls for a collective effort to organize, share resources, set concrete goals, and foster a spirit of cooperation to overcome these challenges. He points to successful international organizations as models and suggests learning from past failed attempts in Argentina to build a more robust structure for UFO research.

Articles and Studies

Abducción: cuando se quiebra la razón (Abduction: When Reason Breaks Down) by Roberto E. Banchs

This article examines UFO abduction cases, noting their high degree of strangeness and the challenges they pose to simplistic explanations. Banchs categorizes UFO encounters, from simple sightings to abductions, and observes that abduction cases, where occupants experiment with humans, often display a "scientific" rather than "mystical" quality, contrasting with contact cases. He discusses the difficulty in distinguishing between genuine experiences and those influenced by psychological factors or cultural narratives.

Hipnósis de "Abductees" Imaginarios (Hypnosis of "Abductees" Imaginary) by Alvin H. Lawson

Lawson presents a study where imaginary abductions were induced in volunteers through hypnosis to objectively evaluate abduction testimonies. The study found significant parallels between the imaginary accounts and reports from alleged abductees, including recurring themes and descriptions. While acknowledging crucial differences like physical effects and multiple witnesses in real cases, Lawson suggests that some aspects of abduction stories might reflect perceived realities. He proposes a model where witnesses perceive certain images and combine them with their imagination and prior knowledge of UFOs to create a subjectively real experience, though the objective occurrence remains difficult to ascertain.

El "Rapto" de Quilmes: La Componente Etílica (The "Rapture" of Quilmes: The Ethyl Component) by A.E.Chionetti and A.C.Agostinelli

This article likely details a specific abduction case from Quilmes, Argentina, focusing on a potential role of alcohol or intoxication in the witness's experience.

Dionisio Llanca: El Informe Solari (Dionisio Llanca: The Solari Report) by Guillermo Roncoroni

This piece revisits the case of Dionisio Llanca, a case often cited in Argentinian ufology, likely presenting findings or analysis from the Solari report.

¿Secuestro ufológico o Trauma natal? (UFO Abduction or Natal Trauma?) by Alvin H. Lawson

Lawson explores the possibility that some abduction experiences might be reinterpreted or influenced by early childhood memories, specifically natal trauma, suggesting a psychological interpretation for certain abduction narratives.

Alvin Lawson: ¿Promotor o Detractor? by Willy Smith

This article critically examines the work of Alvin Lawson, questioning whether his research promotes or detracts from the study of UFO abductions.

Smith vs. Lawson: Buscar el punto justo (Smith vs. Lawson: Finding the Right Point) by Luis R. González

This piece appears to be a response or a debate between Willy Smith and Alvin Lawson, seeking to clarify or reconcile their differing viewpoints on abduction phenomena.

Abbdccionbibliografía (Abduction Bibliography) by Luis R. González

A compilation of bibliographical references related to UFO abduction cases.

Ummorismo: ¡Zafarrancho! (Humor: Chaos!)

A humorous section, likely containing jokes or anecdotes related to ufology.

Crítica de Medios (Media Critique)

This section likely analyzes how the media covers UFO phenomena.

Espacio del lector (Reader's Space)

A section dedicated to letters or comments from the magazine's readers.

Homenaje (Homage)

A tribute to an individual or a significant event within the ufology community.

Other Content

The magazine also includes a section on the author, detailing his background as an architect, licensed in scientific methodology, and a Doctor in Social Psychology, with extensive experience in UFO research and coordination of CEFAI (Center for the Study of Unusual Aerial Phenomena).

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The recurring themes in this issue are UFO abductions, the psychological interpretation of witness testimonies, and the challenges facing ufological research, particularly in Argentina. The editorial stance is one of concern over the fragmentation and lack of organization within the field, advocating for a more structured and collaborative approach to ufology. There is a clear emphasis on critical analysis, distinguishing between different types of encounters, and exploring both external and internal (psychological) factors influencing reports. The magazine also highlights the importance of international collaboration and learning from past experiences.

This issue of "ESTUDIO" (STUDY) delves into a fascinating research project exploring the phenomenon of UFO abductions. The central theme revolves around a comparative analysis of "real" and "imaginary" abduction experiences, utilizing hypnosis as a primary investigative tool. The magazine presents detailed methodologies, results, and discussions, offering a unique perspective on witness testimony and the psychological aspects of alleged encounters.

The Study on Imaginary Abductions

The core of the issue is a study initiated in 1977 involving 16 volunteers who underwent hypnotic regression to experience "imaginary abductions." These volunteers, described as "sheep" (ignorant of UFO topics), were guided by a clinical hypnologist in collaboration with ufologists in Baja California. The primary motivation for the study was the researchers' dissatisfaction with previous abduction investigations, citing uncertainties about witness credibility, the nature of anecdotal evidence, and the efficacy of hypnosis.

The researchers hypothesized that imaginary abductions would differ significantly from "real" cases, thus providing evidence for the "reality" of investigated abductions. However, the results proved surprising and unsettling, leading the team to spend considerable time analyzing these unexpected findings.

Methods and Materials

The study adopted an "Abduction Model" based on common stages observed in approximately 200 documented abductions. This model includes stages like the witness being in a normal environment, entering a pre-abduction situation, the experience itself (perceiving a UFO, being led inside, observing the interior, encountering beings, undergoing examination, receiving messages), returning to normal, and post-abduction after-effects.

Based on this model, an 8-question situational questionnaire was developed and administered to the subjects during hypnosis. The questions guided the subjects through various phases of an imagined encounter, from seeing a UFO in a favorite place to describing entities and potential messages received.

To achieve a global perspective, the study quantified data from four "real" abduction cases and four "imaginary" ones. Transcripts were analyzed line by line using eight categories: Pattern, Possible Pattern, Unrecognizable Pattern, Strangeness of Data, Objectivity of Subject, Subject Deformation, Possible Paranormal Data, and Emotional Component.

Four "real" abduction cases were selected for their credibility and multiple witnesses: Betty Hill (1961), Judy Kendall (1971), Sandy Laron (1975), and Elaine Thomas (1976). The analysis, though based on a small sample, revealed striking similarities between the real and imaginary abduction accounts, as illustrated in Figure 1.

Results

The comparative analysis, despite its limitations, highlighted significant overlaps between the real and imaginary experiences. Subjects in the imaginary group described numerous configurations and details that frequently appear in UFO abduction cases. These ranged from common descriptions like "saucer-shaped" to more unusual ones, such as "light tunnels."

Table 1 categorizes these patterns into "normal" and "unusual" (insólitas). Normal patterns in "Vision of the UFO" include bright, disc-shaped, or erratically moving craft. Unusual patterns include UFOs brighter than colored objects, ringed UFOs, and craft that appear to "grow and shrink."

Regarding "Access to the UFO," normal patterns involve being led in a trance or fainting, while unusual ones include passage through a "light tunnel" or entering through walls.

In the "Interior of the UFO" section, normal descriptions mention consoles, bright lights, and cold temperatures, whereas unusual ones describe a lack of consoles, fog, alternating hot and cold, or being inside a "bubble."

Entities are described as human-like, humanoid, animal-like, or robotic in normal patterns. Unusual entities include exotic or apparitional beings, and two types of entities within the same UFO. The "Examination" phase in normal accounts is methodical, while unusual ones might involve blood samples being taken or the witness experiencing paralysis.

Messages are typically telepathic or ecological/scientific in normal patterns. Unusual messages are verbal or absent, with beings communicating non-verbally.

"Return" patterns in normal cases involve fatigue and disorientation, while unusual ones include skin irritation or feeling "taller."

"Aftermath" (Secuelas) in normal cases include an open mind, while unusual ones involve feeling intrigued by "lost time" or expecting "something to happen."

Discussion

The study grapples with the question of the origin of these striking patterns. Several hypotheses are explored:

• Hypnotic Procedure: While acknowledging the potential for hypnosis to influence results, the authors note that many characteristic UFO traits (like retractable light beams) appear in cases where hypnosis was not used. They emphasize caution but do not dismiss hypnosis as a valuable tool when used with care.
• Biased Interrogation: The possibility that leading questions might skew results is considered. An example is provided of a detailed response to a simple question about entities, suggesting the subject provided extensive, non-suggested details.
• Extraterrestrial Hypothesis (ETH): The prevalence of patterns consistent with the ETH is noted. The authors suggest that the "nuts and bolts" theory of UFOs might have distorted some reports by creating expectations aligned with the ETH. However, they also acknowledge that the ETH might simply be the most accurate theory, explaining the dominance of its associated patterns.
• Jungian Archetypes: The patterns observed bear resemblance to Carl Jung's archetypal concepts, suggesting a possible psychological interpretation rooted in the collective unconscious.

The discussion highlights the profound similarities between real and imaginary abductions, questioning the clear distinction between them. The authors propose that these shared configurations suggest a common underlying structure that shapes abduction experiences, regardless of their objective reality.

Specific Case Descriptions

The issue includes verbatim descriptions from both imaginary and "real" abductees. One imaginary account describes an entity that gradually took on a human-like form, with features that seemed to shift and change, leading the subject to wonder if they were projecting the image mentally.

A "real" abduction description details an entity that projected a form in the car, capable of appearing as a monster or any desired form. The entities were described as having human-like torsos and necks, with skin that appeared waxy and yellowish, and hands with membranes between the fingers.

Figures and Tables

Several figures and a table visually represent the study's findings:

• Figure 1: A graph comparing the percentages of the eight categories for "real" and "imaginary" abductions, showing extensive similarities.
• Table 1: Details the "Normal" and "Unusual" patterns observed in imaginary abductions across various stages (Vision, Access, Interior, Beings, Examination, Message, Return, Aftermath).
• Figures 2 and 3: Illustrate different types of entities described in both real and imaginary abductions, including human, humanoid, animal, robot, exotic, and apparitional types.
• Figure 4: A drawing by a subject of an entity described during a hypnotic session.
• Figure 5: A diagram illustrating hypothetical similar responses of the mind to various stimuli (hallucinogens, migraines, hypnosis, UFOs, imagination).
• Figure 6: A drawing depicting the interior of a UFO, described as a large hemispherical dome with "windows."
• Figure 7: Depicts hemispherical rooms, common in both real and imaginary abduction reports.
• Figure 8: Compares tubular images from imaginary, real, and hallucination experiences.
• Figure 9: Illustrates the "tunnel/tube" imagery in UFO reports, showing elements like passageways, syringes, and cylindrical containers.
• Figure 10: Shows UFOs in tube-like forms.
• Figure 11: A drawing of a typical retractable luminous beam, described as a flat-ended tube.
• Figure 12: An example of a "real" levitation experience.

Further Considerations

The study also touches upon the limitations of brain responses, suggesting that the mind might react similarly to diverse stimuli, making it difficult to ascertain the true origin of abduction experiences. It also discusses the possibility of paranormal suggestion, where "sheep" subjects might be unconsciously picking up information from the ufologists present.

Ultimately, the research suggests that the patterns observed in imaginary abductions are not arbitrary but are structured and consistent, aligning closely with reported "real" cases. This leads to the provocative conclusion that witnesses in "real" abductions might indeed be recounting their genuine experiences, and that imaginary narratives can serve as valuable indicators of details in actual abduction cases.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The recurring themes in this issue are UFOs, abductions (both real and imaginary), the role of hypnosis in investigation, psychological interpretations of experiences, and the potential influence of cultural narratives like the Extraterrestrial Hypothesis (ETH). The editorial stance appears to be one of rigorous scientific inquiry, attempting to bridge the gap between subjective witness testimony and objective analysis. The magazine presents a detailed, data-driven approach to a controversial topic, emphasizing the surprising convergence of evidence from different types of abduction accounts and leaving the reader to ponder the complex nature of these phenomena.

This issue of "ESTUDIO" (Study), identified as issue number 21 and dated 1981, is a Spanish-language publication from Argentina focusing on ufology and related phenomena. It presents a deep dive into the psychological and experiential overlaps between UFO sightings, abductions, hallucinations, and near-death experiences.

Comparative Analysis of Experiential Phenomena

The core of the issue lies in its comparative analysis of various anomalous experiences. The article "ESTUDIO" highlights that virtually every imaginable geometric shape appears in witness drawings of UFOs and in descriptions of hallucinations. It posits that sequential patterns exist in both drug-induced hallucinations and abductions, with experiences progressing from simple lights to geometric forms and tactile sensations. The imagery in hallucinations and close encounters is often strikingly similar, to the point of being interchangeable. Figures are presented illustrating these parallels, including geometric drawings observed in UFO reports and hallucinations (Figure 14), and comparisons between UFO case imagery and hallucinatory experiences (Figures 12, 13, 15, 16, 17).

• Key parallels noted include:
• Visuals: Bright lights, pulsating lights, colored lights, geometric drawings, rotating images, tunnels/tubes, spirals, and changes in shape and size.
• Sensory Experiences: Zumbidos (buzzing sounds), sensations of floating, a feeling of being in a large enclosure, and approaching a "door" or boundary.
• Interactions: Encounters with luminous beings, telepathic communication, and a life review presented as "TV screens."
• Post-Experience Effects: Moral examination of past actions, moral messages, return to normal consciousness, and personality changes.

The article emphasizes that while the context of death and agony differs from UFO abductions, the experiential level shows remarkable commonality. This is further illustrated in Figure 19, which tabulates these parallels across four types of phenomena: "real" abductions, imaginary abductions, hallucinations, and agony experiences.

The "Rapt of Quilmes" Case Investigation

A significant portion of the magazine is dedicated to a "contraencuesta" (counter-investigation) of the "EL 'RAPTO' DE QUILMES: LA COMPONENTE ETILICA" (The 'Rapt' of Quilmes: The Ethyl Component) case. This investigation, conducted by Alejandro Chionetti and Alejandro Agostinelli, revisits a UFO abduction report from July 1968 concerning Alejandra Martinez de Pascucci.

The initial report in the newspaper "Crónica" described Pascucci's experience of being taken by a UFO and encountering two tall, metallic-clad beings. The newspaper emphasized her good faith and the corroboration from her doctor and neighbors. However, the "contraencuesta" reveals a different perspective.

Interviews with neighbors and a brief encounter with Alejandra Pascucci herself suggest that the "abduction" might have been a fabrication. Neighbors alluded to her strong inclination towards alcohol and a desire for her son to become famous, possibly leading her to invent the story to gain media attention, specifically from a television personality like Pipo Mancera. One elderly neighbor explicitly stated that Pascucci confessed it was a deception, attributing it to her long-standing issue with alcohol. The investigators also note that on the same day as the Pascucci incident, other similar reports emerged in Argentina, though one was dismissed as a "negative case."

The investigation concludes that the evidence strongly points towards the "Rapt of Quilmes" being an intentional fraud, possibly fueled by personal circumstances and a desire for attention, rather than a genuine UFO abduction.

Psychological and Ufological Theories

The issue touches upon psychological theories attempting to explain these phenomena. Richard Haines' research is mentioned, indicating no substantial difference between drawings of UFOs made by alleged abductees and those made by people who have never encountered a UFO, suggesting that drawing a "recognizable" UFO is not proof of an actual encounter. The article also discusses the phenomenon of sleep paralysis, which occurs during REM sleep and is experienced by some UFO witnesses, drawing a parallel to the paralysis reported by imaginary abductees.

Two theories are presented to explain the underlying mechanisms: Siegel's proposal that "sub-processes in the central nervous system" play a role in hallucinations, and Stanislav Grof's suggestion that the mind contains "archetypal matrices" activated by certain stimuli. The authors propose a concept called the "encounter-matrix," suggesting that subjective interpretation determines whether an event is perceived as an agonic vision, an abduction, or something else.

Conclusion and Editorial Stance

The magazine advocates for the importance of "contraencuestas" (counter-investigations) and on-site verification of UFO cases, drawing parallels to similar practices in other countries that have helped to clarify historical UFO events. The editorial stance emphasizes the value of direct, personal investigation without intermediaries to gain a clearer understanding of the UFO phenomenon, free from attenuating factors. The authors, Alejandro Chionetti and Alejandro Agostinelli, are presented as experienced investigators in the field of ufology.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The recurring themes in this issue are the psychological underpinnings of anomalous experiences, the blurring lines between reality and imagination, and the critical importance of rigorous investigation in ufology. The editorial stance is one of skepticism towards sensationalized accounts and a strong advocacy for empirical, on-site research to distinguish genuine phenomena from fabricated or misidentified events. The publication aims to provide a forum for rapid communication and in-depth analysis within the UFO research community.

This issue of "ESTUDIO" (Study), identified by the number 31, focuses on UFO phenomena, with the cover headline "CATANDO OVNIS" (Tasting UFOs), authored by José Tomás Ramirez and Barberó. The primary content appears to be from 1974, with a significant focus on Spanish data.

"Catando OVNIS" Study

The lead article presents a study correlating UFO sightings in Spain during 1974 with provincial wine consumption. The authors, Ramirez and Barberó, hypothesized that locations with higher alcohol consumption might report more UFO sightings, possibly due to witnesses' altered states. However, their analysis, visualized in FIG. I and TABLA I, suggests the opposite: an inverse correlation where higher wine consumption in a province corresponded to fewer UFO sightings. The study highlights provinces like Burgos, Palencia, Santander, Sevilla, Soria, and Vizcaya as potentially relevant, noting an interesting pattern where a maximum in one distribution aligns with a minimum in the other. The conclusion is that there is no positive correlation between alcohol intoxication and UFO observation, and likely no relationship at all.

The Dionisio Llanca Case: Analysis and Controversy

This section delves into the case of Dionisio Llanca, an Argentine truck driver allegedly abducted. The article by Guillermo Carlos Roncoroni acknowledges the case's notoriety and extensive media coverage. It focuses on presenting the medical report by Dr. H. Eduardo Solari, part of the "Operativo Villa Bordeu" investigation led by Fabio Zerpa. Dr. Solari's report, based on psychometric and projective tests (RAVEN, PFT) and a psychoclinical interview, concludes that Llanca exhibits traits of an "epileptic personality" with hysterical characteristics, differentiating him from a psychopath. The report notes a lack of sincerity, repressed aggression, increased susceptibility, and a strong sense of personal justice. The RAVEN test indicated a below-average intellectual capacity, and the PFT suggested a deficient level of socialization and difficulty in group adaptation. Dr. Solari's findings, particularly a detected brain lesion affecting the occipital lobe, were deemed to invalidate Llanca's testimony. Roncoroni's own investigation, distinct from Banchs's, also viewed the case as a fabrication, suggesting Llanca planned the incident and potentially had accomplices. The article criticizes the conscious omission of Dr. Solari's findings by ONIFE and Fabio Zerpa, who instead offered an "extraterrestrial" explanation for Llanca's brain lesion.

The "Flying Saucer Review" Controversy

An article by Ezequiel H. Ortella addresses the British magazine "Flying Saucer Review" (FSR) for its cover story on the Dionisio Llanca case in November 1980. Ortella criticizes FSR for presenting the case as factual, ignoring previous investigations by Roberto Banchs and Guillermo Roncoroni that pointed to a fraud. He notes that FSR's article, based on "Gente" and "Actualidad y Así" investigations, failed to acknowledge the critical perspectives. Ortella expresses disappointment that FSR has not published the "other side" of the story, which would provide a more complete panorama.

UFO Abductions and Natal Trauma: The Alvin H. Lawson Hypothesis

This section features an article by Alvin H. Lawson, a professor and ufologist known for his demystification of hypnotic regression in UFO research. Lawson presents his "verifiable hypothesis" that UFO abductions might not be extraterrestrial encounters but rather a manifestation of "natal trauma" (birth trauma). He discusses his involvement in examining abduction cases, where hypnosis was used to elicit details. Lawson's work suggests that the experiences reported by abductees share striking similarities with the physiological and psychological processes of birth. He details the characteristics of alleged alien entities, comparing them to fetal development stages, and proposes that the "tunnel" and "examination" sequences in abduction narratives mirror the stressful journey of birth. Lawson argues that this psychological framework offers a more plausible explanation for the universal nature of abduction reports across different cultures, suggesting that the "raptors" might be projections of the abductee's own subconscious memories of their birth. He calls for a more serious study of this psychological aspect, rather than sensationalist media coverage of UFOs.

The Bahía Blanca Abduction and Lawson's Implication

This part of the article details the case of Carlos Alberto Días, who reported a UFO experience in Ing. White, Bahía Blanca, Argentina, in January 1975. The description of his experience, according to the text, aligns with the intra-uterine life characteristics identified by M. Mónica Simonetti and Roberto Banchs. The article notes that this report predates some of Lawson's work but independently found similar characteristics in abductions. Roberto Banchs had sent his findings to Alvin Lawson, who apparently did not respond.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The issue consistently questions the veracity of UFO abduction accounts, particularly those derived from hypnotic regression. It highlights the importance of rigorous psychological analysis and critical investigation, contrasting it with sensationalist reporting. The magazine appears to favor explanations rooted in psychology, human experience (like birth trauma), and potential fabrication over straightforward extraterrestrial encounters. The editorial stance leans towards skepticism regarding conventional UFO abduction narratives, advocating for a deeper understanding of the psychological underpinnings of these reported experiences.

This issue of POLEMICA, titled "¿PROMOTOR o detractor?" (Promoter or Detractor?), focuses on the controversial work of ufologist Alvin H. Lawson. The magazine presents a debate surrounding Lawson's research into UFO abductions, primarily conducted through hypnotic regression. The issue features contributions from Willy Smith and Luis R. González, offering differing perspectives on Lawson's theories and methodologies.

The Controversy Surrounding Alvin H. Lawson

Alvin H. Lawson, known for his academic studies in ufology, gained attention for his articles that highlighted similarities between real and artificially created abduction scenarios. This drew criticism from some ufologists who questioned the scientific validity of his research. Willy Smith, in particular, argues that Lawson's work does not benefit ufology and that his investigations lack scientific methodology. Smith suggests that Lawson's subjects may be influenced by their cultural environment and that their descriptions of entities might stem from cultural archetypes rather than actual encounters.

Willy Smith's Critique

Smith meticulously dissects Lawson's arguments, starting with the definition of 'robot' and its historical context. He points out that Lawson categorizes entities encountered in UFO sightings into six types: humans, humanoids, animals, robots, exotics, and phantasmal creatures. However, Smith asserts that in actual abductions, humanoid forms with large heads and small stature are predominant, a contrast to Lawson's broader categories. Smith also questions the selection process for Lawson's experimental subjects, noting that they were recruited through advertisements for "hypnosis and imagination" experiences and were selected by eliminating those already familiar with UFOs, which he deems superficial.

Smith further challenges Lawson's claim that his imaginary abduction series was free from error, arguing that the hypnotic protocol itself could introduce biases. He criticizes Lawson for referring to abductions as "real" (in quotes) while simultaneously conducting experiments on imaginary ones. Smith also debunks Lawson's attempt to correlate abduction imagery with Jungian archetypes and altered states of consciousness like near-death experiences or birth trauma. He argues that while some elements like bright lights or geometric patterns might appear in various phenomena, their meaning and context differ significantly, particularly in the case of bright lights, which in UFO encounters are typically associated with a defined object, unlike in subjective experiences.

Smith concludes that Lawson has demonstrated that his subjects describe experiences with elements similar to birth trauma and other altered states, which is expected given their internal origin. He emphasizes that while real abduction victims might share some elements with imaginary ones, there are distinct emotional and experiential differences. Smith warns that Lawson's work, by questioning the reliability of information obtained under hypnosis, could sow doubt about important abduction cases.

Luis R. González's Counterpoint

Luis R. González offers a more nuanced perspective, aiming to find a middle ground. He acknowledges the criticisms leveled against Lawson, particularly those from Willy Smith, but also defends Lawson's work to some extent. González notes that while Smith and others have been highly critical, Lawson's ideas might be applicable to abduction cases but not necessarily to other types of UFO encounters (CEIII) where witnesses remain conscious.

González addresses Smith's points directly. Regarding the diversity of entities, he argues that abduction cases, like CEIII, show a wide variety of beings, not just humanoids. He also disputes Smith's claim that Lawson's work is only applicable to abductions, citing cases like Pascagoula, Vilas Boas, and Zanfretta as examples of diverse encounters. Furthermore, González challenges the idea that human imagination is inherently limited, suggesting that while archetypes exist, truly alien descriptions are rare, which might actually support an external origin rather than an internal one.

González also touches upon the 'time lag' objection and the 'circumstantial evidence' like physical marks, suggesting that these can have conventional explanations or be products of psychological processes. He concludes that the criticisms presented so far are not entirely convincing.

Alternative Theories: Birth Trauma

The issue introduces two alternative theories to explain abduction phenomena. The first is the traditional extraterrestrial hypothesis (HET), which Lawson's work initially seemed to support. The second, proposed by Lawson himself and elaborated upon by González, is the 'Birth Trauma' hypothesis. This theory posits that abduction narratives recalled under hypnosis are not actual extraterrestrial encounters but repressed memories of the witness's birth experience. This hypothesis is presented as falsifiable, with suggestions for experiments to test it, such as examining birth conditions and looking for echoes of birth in witness accounts.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The recurring themes in this issue are the scientific validity of ufological research, the reliability of testimony obtained through hypnosis, and the debate between objective external phenomena versus subjective internal experiences. The magazine presents a critical examination of Alvin H. Lawson's contributions, highlighting the challenges in interpreting abduction cases and the need for rigorous methodology in ufology. The editorial stance appears to favor a balanced approach, acknowledging the complexities of the phenomenon and the limitations of current research, while encouraging further investigation and critical analysis.

Bibliography

The issue includes extensive bibliographical sections detailing books and articles related to UFO abductions, covering historical cases like the Betty Hill and Travis Walton incidents, as well as more recent research and theories. This section serves to provide context and further reading for the complex topic discussed.

This issue of BIBLIOGRAFIA presents a collection of reviews and discussions focused on UFO phenomena, particularly abductions and encounters. It delves into the research of various investigators, analyzes specific cases, and critiques related media.

Book Reviews and Case Analyses

Ann Druffel and Scott Rogo's Research

The issue begins by discussing the work of Ann Druffel, who identified common traits among witnesses: an interest in metaphysical or psychic activities and, in some cases, homosexual tendencies. Druffel suggests a progression in the UFO phenomenon from physical and psychological aspects towards mystical-religious interpretations, viewing UFOs as 'spirits' with a divine plan.

In contrast, Scott Rogo proposes that UFO abductions occur when an individual's subconscious needs to impart a vital message to their conscious mind. He suggests that a 'super-mind,' not necessarily intelligent, organizes the abduction based on the witness's subconscious data, structuring it as a symbolic scenario.

Budd Hopkins and 'Missing Time'

Budd Hopkins' book 'Missing Time' is highlighted for its investigation into seven abduction cases, revealing several striking commonalities. These include:

1. Lack of Memory: Most abductees have no conscious recollection of their encounter or abduction, only a temporal gap.
2. Childhood Abductions: Witnesses were often abducted as children (6-7 years old) without remembering the experience.
3. Physical Marks: Several witnesses had scars on their bodies, the origin of which was unknown to them and their parents. The author suggests these might be from the insertion of devices during the abduction.

Hopkins concludes that these events suggest a 'systematic investigation program.' The issue notes the chilling Orwellian implications of this systematic tracking of abductees, citing the case of Virginia Horton, who was abducted in France.

The proximity of some abductees to Hopkins (e.g., his own shopkeeper, friends) raises the concern that abductions might be more common than realized, potentially influencing our own interest in UFOs.

Antonio Ribera's 'Secuestrados por Extraterrestres'

The book 'Secuestrados por Extraterrestres' by Antonio Ribera is reviewed for making a significant sum of UFO abduction incidents accessible to the Spanish-speaking public. The review notes Ribera's inclusion of the Avis family case from 1974 in England and the case of Italian Fortunato Zanfretta. However, the reviewer points out that Ribera's book is not impartial, as he firmly believes in extraterrestrial intelligence behind the phenomenon. Ribera's theories are described as 'convincing' and his comparisons with other cases are intended to make his message more palatable. The reviewer also notes a shift in Ribera's views over time, from previously attacking the 'psychic component' of Jacques Vallée's work to now considering psychic aspects and even personal UFO sightings.

Ribera's book also explores the UMMO phenomenon, linking it to cases like Aveley and Llanca, and suggesting that the small, big-headed beings are his disciples. The reviewer critically notes that the UMMO seal, presented as irrefutable proof, could be easily imitated.

The Andreasson Experience

The issue details the experiences of Betty Andreasson, as described in the continuation of her case in 1982. Through hypnosis, details emerge of encounters starting at age 7 in 1944, involving a small light ball and telepathic messages. Later encounters in 1949 and 1950 describe a luminous object, a misty interior, strange devices, and a beautiful, petrified environment. The experiences are noted for their strong initiatory and religious components, akin to a Lewis Carroll narrative, with dreamlike elements and a sense of forced submission. The reviewer, while acknowledging the extraordinary nature of the 1967 event, suggests that subsequent experiences might be more rooted in imagination, making it difficult to separate reality from fantasy.

Bob Lucca's experiences are also briefly mentioned, including a 1944 encounter with a light ball and beings, and a 1967 incident involving cigar-shaped UFOs and a time lapse.

Ribera's Abduction Typology

Antonio Ribera proposes a useful typology of abductions:

• Type I: Witness remembers everything.
• Type II: Witness remembers OVNI arrival/departure and occupants, but not the interior experience.
• Type III: Witness remembers OVNI/occupants but not a time lapse.
• Type IV: Witness remembers only a time lapse or finding themselves in a different location.
• Type V: Witness remembers nothing but has strange dreams or phobias.

Ribera also suggests that extraterrestrials are not merely conducting long-term biological research but seek something more, possibly related to genetic diversity. He explains the common 'amnesia' imposed on witnesses as a measure to protect their mental stability and avoid hindering subsequent monitoring.

Media Critiques

'UFO contact at Pascagoula' Book Review

A note highlights the book 'UFO contact at Pascagoula' by Charles Hickson and Willian Mendez, praising its rigorous investigation of the case and subsequent experiences of Hickson, including telepathic messages and a family sighting. The review mentions interesting revelations, such as the supposed retractability of the beings' conical ears.

HANGAR 18 Film Review

The film 'HANGAR 18' is reviewed as a routine space adventure with a UFO theme. The plot involves a UFO colliding with a satellite, leading to the UFO's crash landing on Earth and subsequent study by the USAF. The reviewer notes the film's good production and direction but criticizes its poorly explained situations, forced plot points, and typical UFO literature tropes like 'men in black' and government cover-ups. The film is described as having a good beginning but ultimately failing to provide satisfying answers.

Humorous Anecdotes and Reflections

The San Vicente Sample Mishap

A humorous account details an incident in San Vicente, Argentina, where a mysterious circular footprint was found. A commission from IPEC arrived to collect samples but forgot containers. They improvised by placing soil in a plastic bag, which was then accidentally burned by the investigator's mother, who mistook it for a curse. This incident leads to two humorous 'lessons' for future investigators: use metal containers or plastic bags kept away from family members, especially those prone to superstition or with unusual hobbies.

'UMMORISMO' Competitor

A brief note congratulates the Canal 9 producer for reviving the television program 'Más allá de la Cuarta Dimensión,' suggesting it as a 'luxury television competitor' to the 'UMMORISMO' section.

Reader's Reflection

A reader's anonymous reflection expresses a desire to treat ufology seriously, urging others not to make it a subject of ridicule and to strive for scientific acceptance to avoid becoming the laughingstock of those who dismiss it.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The recurring themes in this issue are UFO abductions, encounters, and the various interpretations thereof, ranging from psychological and religious to extraterrestrial. The editorial stance appears to be one of critical inquiry, presenting different viewpoints and research findings while also acknowledging the complexities and ambiguities within the field. There is a clear interest in documenting cases and analyzing the evidence, but also a healthy skepticism towards unsubstantiated claims and a recognition of the potential for misinterpretation or fabrication. The inclusion of humorous anecdotes suggests a lighthearted approach to some aspects of the subject matter, while the serious reviews of books and cases indicate a commitment to exploring the phenomenon in depth. The overall tone is informative and analytical, aiming to provide readers with a comprehensive overview of current discussions and research in ufology.

Title: CRITICA DE MEDIOS
Issue: 61
Volume: 2
Issue Date: April 1983
Publisher: CIU COMISION DE INVESTIGACIONES UFOLOGICAS
Country: Argentina
Language: Spanish

Film Review: HANGAR 18

The issue begins with a critical review of the film "Hangar 18." The reviewer finds the plot predictable and the acting unremarkable, with Robert Vaughn, Darren Mc Gavin, and Gary Collins playing standard roles. Director James Conway is noted for his consistent flaws, and the music by John Cacavas is considered the most salvageable aspect, despite occasional missteps in adding drama. The film's ufological aspect is deemed weak and even detrimental, with a script that seems to draw from various known ufologists and themes like "ancient astronauts" and "ufocrashes," particularly referencing the Roswell incident. The reviewer criticizes the film's depiction of the UFO as a "thing" with vents, grilles, and intermittent lights, finding it more comical than sophisticated. The film is ultimately dismissed as forgettable, unlikely to leave a lasting impression.

Ufological Publications Review

UFOLOGIA

The magazine praises the Italian publication "UFOLOGIA" as one of the most updated and lucid specialized media on the UFO phenomenon in the international sphere. It is coordinated by two young ufologists, Edoardo Russo and Gian Paolo Grassino, who ensure the editorial line focuses on "addicts to the labor." The articles are noted for their high quality, often originating from scientific and avant-garde sources. The publication is commended for featuring numerous non-complacent analysts and for its five fixed sections: Editorial, Contraluce (general domestic issues), Observatorio (international news), Recensioni (book reviews), and Los Otros Dicen (a section by Paolo Gastaldi known for its humorous and corrosive critique of other ufological publications).

OVNI PRESENCE

"OVNI PRESENCE," a French-language publication from Switzerland, is described as evolving from a simple newsletter to a respected platform for ufology in Europe. Distributed quarterly, it is approaching its eighth year. The magazine is noted for its fresh approach and has received warm felicitations from active ufologists. Recent issues have focused on the problematic nature of "contactees," analyzing testimonies from figures like George Adamsky, Eugenio Siragusa, and Jean Migueres. The publication is characterized by its use of satire to address controversial topics, exemplified by an editorial titled "Le Petit Martien Dechainé" (The Little Martian Unchained), which plays on the E.T. film. It also features articles by British ufologist Jenny Randles and Italian Paolo Toselli, as well as a report on the role of psychiatry and psychology in ufology by Claude Maugé. The review encourages readers with French language skills to subscribe.

Correo Ufológico (Ufological Mail)

This section features various reader contributions and announcements:

• Rubén Omar Morales offers French-Spanish translation services for UFO-related books and articles.
• IPEC is seeking individuals with expertise in chemistry and biology to analyze potential UFO landing trace samples.
• La Entidad Investigadora del Fenómeno OVNI (EIFO) publishes a specialized UFO bulletin and provides contact information for subscriptions.
• CIU-CUFOS Buenos Aires is looking for English-Spanish translators to join the staff of the "International UFO Reporter."
• Informe OVNI, a quarterly publication by the group OBEFO, is announced, with contact details for information.
• Néstor De Simone is seeking to acquire Herbert Heuvelmans' "Tras la pista de los animales desconocidos."
• Sondeo reports on a reader opinion poll conducted by UFO PRESS, thanking participants and extending the deadline for responses.
• Ricardo Chiaparelli expresses satisfaction with a story titled "El incidente del Lago Lacar" in UFO PRESS, highlighting the testimonial value of children's accounts and suggesting a televised round table discussion.
• Julio Goyén Aguado shares his long-standing interest in UFOs since a personal sighting in 1952 and offers his assistance to CUFOS Argentina, praising their responsible approach to the subject.
• Daniel Oscar Sanchez writes to express his appreciation for the inclusion of a reader section in UFO PRESS, advocating for the maintenance of seriousness and lucidity while acknowledging the potential of humor.
• Ricardo Chiaparelli offers encouragement to UFO PRESS, suggesting that a touch of humor and ingenuity would not harm the ufology field.
• Joaquín Aguilera criticizes UFO PRESS for what he perceives as a destructive and skeptical approach, contrasting it with the work of researchers like Pedro Romaniuk, Antonio Las Heras, and Fabio Zerpa, who he believes acknowledge the reality of extraterrestrial visits.

Homage: Julio Cortázar Vive

The issue concludes with a tribute to the late writer Julio Cortázar, titled "JULIO CORTAZAR VIVE." The piece reflects on Cortázar's literary style and its connection to ufology. It quotes Cortázar on the nature of consciousness and wonder, linking it to the mysterious and often overlooked phenomena of the universe. The author suggests that Cortázar's imaginative world, filled with fantastical elements, shares a kinship with the UFO phenomenon, hinting at a connection between the "Promised Land" and the "Lost Paradise" of UFO encounters.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The magazine consistently features reviews of ufological publications and films, alongside reader contributions that cover a wide spectrum of opinions within the ufology community. There is a clear emphasis on critical analysis, with publications like "UFOLOGIA" being praised for their scientific rigor and "OVNI PRESENCE" for its unique perspective. The "Correo Ufológico" section highlights the active engagement of readers and their diverse viewpoints, ranging from supportive to critical. The editorial stance appears to be one of open inquiry into the UFO phenomenon, encouraging serious discussion and analysis while also acknowledging the role of humor and satire in exploring complex topics. The tribute to Julio Cortázar suggests an appreciation for imaginative and philosophical approaches to understanding reality, including the mysteries of UFOs.