UFO PRESS - No 11 - (Abril 1979)

Magazine Overview

Title: UFO PRESS
Issue: Número 11
Volume: Año III
Date: Abril 1979
Publisher: Servicio de Investigaciones Ufologicas (SIU)
Country: Argentina
Language: Spanish

Editorial Content

This issue of UFO PRESS, dated April 1979, opens with an editorial addressing a contentious exchange with the magazine CUARTA DIMENSION. The editorial staff of UFO PRESS vehemently refutes claims made in CUARTA DIMENSION, specifically a letter attributed to a Dr. Eduardo Santaeguía Fiz and a subsequent editorial by actor Fabio Zerpa. UFO PRESS asserts that Zerpa's claim of their Subdirector and other individuals being expelled from ONIFE is a "vulgar falsehood," stating that these individuals left voluntarily over 30 months prior, a fact that was previously communicated in UFO PRESS #1. They express their belief that Zerpa's timing in announcing these supposed expulsions is suspiciously late.

The editorial further questions the credibility of Dr. Santaeguía Fiz, presenting findings from their investigation that suggest he does not exist. They claim to have investigated his purported affiliations with the University of Buenos Aires, the National Academy of Sciences, and the National Institute of Medical Investigations, finding no record of him. UFO PRESS concludes that the letter published in CUARTA DIMENSION is a fraud, intended to flatter that publication and attack UFO PRESS. Despite the "aggravating and defamatory" nature of the publication, UFO PRESS states they will not pursue legal action but instead invite Fabio Zerpa to a public debate on the OVNI phenomenon to clarify their respective positions.

Articles and Features

SUMARIO (Table of Contents)

The issue features several articles:

• "LA CORRELACION HORAS-MESES EN LA INVESTIGACION UFOLOGICA" by José-Tomás Ramírez y Barberó.
• "HUMANOIDES EN SANTIAGO DEL ESTERO" by Francisco Checchi.
• "A PROPOSITO DE LA HIPOTESIS EXTRATRERRESTRE" by Professor Oscar A. Uriondo.
• "CASO NIOTTI: EL ANALISIS DEL GROUND SAUCER WATCH" by Guillermo Carlos Roncoroni.
• "INTERESANTE AVISTAJE EN SARANDI" by Rubén Morales y Daniel Folcini.
• "ATERRIZAJE CON HUELLAS EN VILLA TULUMBA (CORDOBA)" by Alejandro Chionetti.

LA CORRELACION HORAS-MESES EN LA INVESTIGACION UFOLOGICA

This extensive article by José-Tomás Ramírez y Barberó delves into a statistical analysis of UFO sightings, focusing on the correlation between the hour of the day and the month of the year. The authors reference previous work, including their own "NOTAS ESTADISTICAS DE LA ACTIVIDAD OVNI EN LA P.I. DURANTE 1977" and the work of ufologists Ballester and Guasp, particularly Guasp's "TEORIA DE PROCESOS DE LOS OVNIS." They aim to reinforce the theory that UFOs are physical objects from outer space, supported by the concentration of reports during nocturnal hours.

The study utilizes two key pillars: a monthly distribution curve of UFO sightings and a canonical hourly distribution curve. The authors acknowledge potential criticisms of their earlier work, particularly regarding its Spanish-centric data, which might not perfectly reflect global patterns. They also discuss the challenges of conducting pure ufological research, often done out of passion rather than for profit, emphasizing the pursuit of truth.

The analysis presented in the article, illustrated by a graph and table, shows a notable correlation between the monthly and hourly distribution curves. The article highlights significant peaks and troughs, such as a maximum in October for the monthly curve and a peak around 21:00 for the hourly curve. The authors interpret these correlations as strong evidence that UFOs are real, physical objects that follow optical laws, potentially originating from the center of our galaxy, as suggested by Miguel Guasp's concept of "Mayor Probabilidad Ufológica Procesal."

Establishment of the National Network of Investigators (Red Nacional de Encuestadores SIU)

The magazine announces the operational launch of a National Network of Investigators (Red Nacional de Encuestadores SIU) by UFO PRESS. This initiative aims to address the challenge of covering Argentina's vast territory with limited resources. They solicit participation from subscribers and members interested in becoming investigators, directing them to contact Sr. Emilio F. Caldevilla for further information. A list of initial members of this network is provided, along with their respective cities and provinces.

Cover Photograph

The cover prominently features "LA EXCEPCIONAL FOTOGRAFIA DE YACANTO: EL INFORME FINAL" (The Exceptional Photograph of Yacanto: The Final Report), suggesting a significant case study or photographic evidence is detailed within the issue.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

This issue of UFO PRESS strongly advocates for a scientific and objective approach to ufology. The editorial stance is one of defending the integrity of their organization against what they perceive as commercial exploitation and unfounded accusations within the ufological community. They emphasize the importance of pure research and the pursuit of truth, while also engaging in public debate to clarify controversial issues. The magazine appears to be a platform for detailed statistical analysis and case studies within the field of ufology in Argentina.

This issue of UFO PRESS, dated July-September 1979, focuses on humanoid encounters and explores theoretical connections between UFO phenomena and advanced cosmological concepts. The primary articles detail two distinct incidents in the province of Santiago del Estero, Argentina, involving children as witnesses.

The Humanoids of Santiago del Estero

The First Observation in Loreto

Francisco Checchi reports on an incident that occurred on a Saturday, possibly January 13th, around 11:30 AM, in Loreto. Marcos Rafael Suárez, a 12-year-old boy, was in a classroom when he heard a box of newspapers fall. Upon turning, he observed a rectangular machine, approximately 60 cm wide, 1 meter long, and 1.40 meters high, with an aluminum color. It had a black screen-like front, a reflector, and vertical black lines. The object hovered about 20 cm above the ground, emitting a sound similar to an electric fan. Two small doors opened, and two humanoids, about 80 cm tall with dark complexions, emerged. They wore shiny, one-piece black overalls with bright bands and had helmets with darker bands over their faces. On their backs, they carried what looked like a 'soda siphon' with a device resembling a watch. The beings had proportionate bodies for their height. One humanoid grabbed Marcos's right arm, revealing it had only four fingers. The boy tried to free himself, but the humanoid held him firmly and, from within the object, a voice ordered him to 'Sit down and don't move.' The entity then forced Marcos to sit in a chair. While unable to move, Marcos remained conscious. The other humanoid went to an adjacent room. The first humanoid then entered the object, activated the reflector, which emitted a powerful red light that blinded Marcos and made him tear up, causing him to lose consciousness. Upon waking, Marcos found the machine and the beings gone. The room was disturbed, and there was a sulfurous smell. His 8-year-old sister arrived shortly after. His father was informed, and Marcos was taken to a doctor who prescribed sedatives. The incident was reported to the local police, who also received statements from other neighbors reporting that between 11:30 AM and 12:00 PM, fans and electric refrigerators stopped working, and transistor radios experienced interference.

The Second Incident in El Déan

Approximately two weeks after the Loreto incident, a similar event occurred in El Déan, about 50 km from Santiago del Estero city. On Thursday, January 25th, between 2:00 PM and 4:00 PM, Marta Isabel Carabajal, a 10-year-old girl, was playing with a 3-year-old child in a corral. Marta observed a metallic, rectangular object slowly descend and hover a few centimeters above the ground in the shade of a tree. She described it as a 'tent-like' support from which two 'little men' about one meter tall, with proportionate figures, emerged. Five smaller beings then descended. One of the humanoids, seemingly the leader, invited Marta to approach in perfect Spanish, but she refused. The entity then activated a lantern-like device on its body, projecting a red light directly into Marta's eyes, causing her to lose consciousness. When she recovered, she remembered seeing the two tallest beings enter the object, while the others were lifted by a metallic arm and then taken inside. The object then ascended and disappeared without sound. The beings were described as wearing shiny black outfits, bracelets with bright beads, black boots, and long caps covering their heads and faces. They carried cylindrical bundles on their backs and appeared to float. Marta, who had never heard of flying saucers and was illiterate, ran to her grandparents' house, reporting her experience. Her eyes were red and tearful, and she experienced burning sensations.

Conclusion on the Incidents

The author notes the astonishing similarities between the two cases in Santiago del Estero, including the conditions under which they manifested (unusual for Type I incidents which typically occur at night). The witnesses were young children from humble social backgrounds, deemed credible. In both cases, the witnesses lost consciousness due to a presumed 'aggression' (intense red light). The author questions the purpose of this incapacitation and suggests hypnotic regression might reveal more. The author thanks Heriberto Janosch for material on the Loreto incident and Dr. Juan Angel Gómez for conducting the survey.

A propósito de la Hipótesis Extraterrestre (Regarding the Extraterrestrial Hypothesis)

Professor Oscar A. Uriondo discusses the prevailing Extraterrestrial Hypothesis (HET) for UFOs, which posits that these phenomena are technological manifestations of an extrasolar civilization. He traces its popularization to Major Donald Keyhoe in the 1950s, contrasting it with earlier theories of secret weapons or mass hysteria. Uriondo notes that scientific orthodoxy generally dismisses the HET, even among exobiologists who believe in intelligent life elsewhere. Astronomers object due to the vast interstellar distances making space travel improbable. Surprisingly, criticisms of HET are also emerging from within the UFO research community. These criticisms are based on intrinsic aspects of the phenomenon, such as inexplicable instantaneous appearances and disappearances, modifications in shape and size, and the constancy of technology observed in UFOs, which appears unchanged since prehistoric cave paintings. Furthermore, UFOs are not detected by astronomical sensors, and large, long-duration phenomena (Vallée's Type II) remain instrumentally undetected. These critical arguments have led many researchers to explore alternative explanations like paraphysical phenomena, incursions from parallel universes, or other dimensions.

La Nueva Cosmología y los OVNIS (New Cosmology and UFOs)

Despite the criticisms, Uriondo argues that definitively rejecting the extraterrestrial hypothesis is premature. He suggests that recent cosmological studies offer theoretical support for HET, albeit at a more complex level. He introduces the concept of a four-dimensional spacetime continuum formed by curved corridors, as described by geometrodynamics (developed by Dr. John Wheeler). This universe is perforated by numerous black holes, white holes, and 'wormholes' (Wheeler's term), creating a complex network where matter can disappear and reappear. These wormholes are seen as entrances and exits to 'Superspace' or 'Hyperspace,' a region where the concept of time is non-existent; past, future, 'before,' and 'after' lose meaning, and everything occurs simultaneously. This new cosmological model, based on general relativity, provides a theoretical basis for instantaneous transfer of signals or artifacts through hyperspace, potentially explaining the abrupt appearances and disappearances of UFOs without resorting to materialization/dematerialization. Uriondo concludes that HET remains the most economical hypothesis for UFOs and aligns with observed phenomena involving space and time manipulation.

Caso Niotti: El Análisis del Ground Saucer Watch

Guillermo Carlos Roncoroni reports on an interview with Vicecomodoro Hugo Luis Niotti regarding a UFO incident he experienced in July 1960 in Yacanto. Previous analyses of the Niotti case, focusing on the witness's personality and technical aspects of the photograph, had concluded the incident was authentic. However, a new investigation was initiated in late 1978, involving a detailed analysis of the original photograph using sophisticated evaluation techniques by Ground Saucer Watch (GSW). A copy of the original negative was sent to GSW for digital computer analysis, a method previously applied with success to other photographic cases.

Our Next Edition

The upcoming issue (number 12, July-September 1979) will feature articles on entities not associated with UFOs, the San Cayetano incident in Buenos Aires, and an analysis of a UFO photograph over Lago Nahuel Huapi.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The magazine consistently explores anomalous phenomena, particularly UFO sightings and encounters with non-human entities. It presents witness testimonies, often from children, and attempts to provide scientific and theoretical frameworks for understanding these events. The editorial stance appears to be open to unconventional explanations, including the extraterrestrial hypothesis, and is willing to integrate emerging scientific theories, such as new cosmology, to explain these phenomena. There is a clear interest in detailed case studies and photographic analysis, as evidenced by the Niotti case and the upcoming features.

This issue of UFO PRESS, a publication from SIU - UFO PRESS, focuses on two significant UFO/UAP cases from Argentina. The primary focus is an in-depth analysis of a photograph taken in Yacanto, Córdoba, in July 1960, and a separate report on a sighting in Sarandí, Buenos Aires, from January 1978.

Yacanto Photograph Analysis

The issue details the photographic analysis of an object sighted near Yacanto, Argentina, on July 3, 1960, by Captain Hugo Niotti. The photograph, enlarged and presented on the cover, shows a dark, somewhat blurry object in the sky. The analysis was conducted by GROUND SAUCER WATCH (GSW), directed by Mr. William Spaulding, with collaboration from Drs. Bruce Maccabee, David Rutland, and Fred Adrian. The analysis utilized advanced computer techniques, including digitization and image processing, supplied by Spatial Data Systems, Inc.

The GSW's computer analysis yielded several key conclusions:

• Shape: The base of the object was not perfectly circular but elliptical, with the vertical axis longer than the horizontal. This elliptical configuration is noted as highly unusual for authenticated UFO photographs.
• Density and Surface: The density (gray value) along the base was uniform, suggesting a flat surface with a uniform refractive index. If the base were convex or hemispherical, natural shadows would have created color fringes, which were absent.
• Appendix: A conical appendix was observed to the left of the elliptical base. It appeared somewhat faint and showed a weak color fringing effect, indicating its conical shape. The faintness was attributed to atmospheric conditions like fog or mist.
• Dimensionality: A profile cursor (histogram) analysis revealed a conical shape and a flattened base. The analysis indicated that dark images typically profile to the left, and light images to the right.
• Surface Appearance: The profile analysis showed a flat image when referencing the base of the UFO. The density of various objects in the foreground and background (fences, horses, trees) was affected by atmospheric conditions like mist and drizzle, appearing lighter with distance. However, the UFO's base had a darker density than these background elements, suggesting it might be a source of energy or an energy field.
• Lighting: The photograph did not show any shadows or lighting effects on the UFO, despite other elements in the images indicating illumination direction.

Despite not fitting a typical UFO geometric configuration, GSW classified the photograph as "good faith" (unidentified).

GSW's estimated substantiations include:

• The UFO was between 100 and 150 meters from the camera.
• The object's base diameter was estimated between 3.6 and 4.5 meters.
• There was no photographic evidence suggesting it was a known aircraft or weather balloon.
• It was definitively not a model or small maquette.
• No evidence of photomontage or photographic tricks was found.
• The conical appendix had a metallic appearance.

The article also notes that Captain Niotti initially described the object as uniform greyish-brown, and the dark appearance in the photograph was attributed by some to photographic sensitization by unknown radiation.

There is a slight divergence in distance and dimension estimates between GSW and the initial interview with Captain Niotti in 1977, with GSW's computer-aided analysis considered more reliable.

Sarandí Sighting: A Strange Parachute

This section details an unusual sighting that occurred on January 28, 1978, in Sarandí, Buenos Aires, Argentina. The observation was made by Mireya de Miró while resting in her garden, accompanied by 11 family members. The event was investigated nine months later.

Antecedents:

The witness, Mireya de Miró, first noticed a dark point in the sky around 5:00 PM (GMT-3). The point gradually enlarged, appearing to fall vertically at a slow speed. She confirmed it wasn't an optical illusion by checking with her family.

Phenomenon Description:

• Initial Phase: The object appeared as a dark point, gradually growing larger and descending. Her husband, Francisco de Asís Miró, estimated its initial altitude at 50°-60° above the horizon, while Mireya perceived it as being directly overhead (zenith).
• Detailed Observation: As it descended, its shape became clearer. Mireya described it as a white parachute, while Francisco described it as grayish-white (darker). Beneath the semispherical upper part, a dark, human-like figure was visible, with its head bowed towards its chest and legs extended downwards. Francisco recalled the legs being separated and immobile, but was unsure about the arms, suggesting they might have been held close to the body.
• Stationary Phase: After descending, the object remained stationary and static in the air for approximately 15 to 20 minutes. This allowed for careful observation. Witnesses concluded it resembled a parachute with a person hanging from it, noting the unusual aspect of it being suspended in the air over an urbanized area.
• Shape Details: The upper part was described as a semispherical curve, not a smooth curve typical of conventional parachutes. The lower edge was flat, and it was unclear if it delimited a hole or a flat surface. No seams, cords, or straps were visible on the hypothetical parachute, nor was the clothing or skin tone of the figure discernible.
• Human Figure: The figure appeared to be unconscious or possibly dead. It was unclear if the figure was actually hanging from the semisphere.

Behavior of the Phenomenon:

• Movement: After remaining stationary, the object began to move slowly towards the Río de la Plata. Witnesses initially thought it was a parachutist who had fainted and called the Federal Police, who took note but showed little interest.
• Trajectory: The object's trajectory was described as somewhat random, moving in various cardinal directions without leaving the field of vision. Given the local obstacles, its angular height was estimated to be at least 20°.
• Speed: The movement was slow and almost imperceptible. Witnesses noted that sometimes, after looking away for a few minutes, the object would be found in a different position, suggesting an increase in speed, though this was considered a subjective appreciation.
• Observation Tools: Small theater binoculars were used but provided limited optical quality.
• Reappearance and Maneuvers: The object was sometimes obscured by clouds but reappeared. At one point, it ascended, reducing its size, and then descended to its original altitude before continuing its slow movement.
• Disappearance: Towards 6:15-6:30 PM, the object disappeared, presumed to be due to a decrease in angular elevation. It reappeared a few minutes later.
• Final Movement: The phenomenon then headed towards Monte Chingolo, a location with a significant military arsenal. Upon learning of a similar sighting reported by a neighbor in Lanús, Sr. Miró called the police again. The object then moved along Avenida Pavón (as shown in Figure 1) and was finally obscured by clouds around 8:00 PM.

Collaboration and Conclusions

The issue highlights the collaboration between SIU-UFO PRESS, UFO PRESS, and GSW. The article concludes by stating that the Yacanto incident is authentic and has a high degree of reliability, having withstood exhaustive analysis by independent organizations including the Fuerza Aérea Argentina (F.A.A.), GSW, and SIU-UFO PRESS. Despite minor discrepancies, their conclusions affirm the authenticity of the photographic document.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The magazine consistently emphasizes rigorous analysis, particularly photographic and computer-aided, to assess the authenticity and nature of UFO/UAP phenomena. There is a clear stance that the Yacanto case is highly credible and authentic, supported by multiple independent investigations. The Sarandí case is presented as another significant sighting, characterized by unusual details like a stationary object and a suspended human-like figure. The editorial stance appears to be one of serious investigation into unexplained aerial phenomena, valuing eyewitness testimony alongside scientific and technical analysis.

This issue of Revista Ufo, identified by its page number '31' and subsequent pages, focuses on detailed investigations of two anomalous aerial phenomena cases in Argentina. The content is primarily in Spanish and appears to be from the late 1970s, with specific dates of January 28, 1978, and April 14, 1977, mentioned.

Case 1: Sarandí Phenomenon (January 28, 1978)

The first section details an observation made in Sarandí. The witness, Sr. Miró, reported seeing an object emitting colored lights. Immediately after, a plane was observed flying in the same direction. A police officer contacted Sr. Miró after a motorist reported seeing an object with colored lights from Puente Alsina. Sr. Miró stated he had not seen lights and the phenomenon was no longer visible.

Meteorological Report

To contextualize the sighting, a meteorological report for January 28, 1978, was consulted. The report indicates that the preceding days had high summer temperatures. For Saturday the 28th, unstable weather with probable showers and a slight temperature increase was forecast. A heavy rain occurred on the night of Friday and continued until 10:30 AM on Saturday the 29th, with 27.6 mm of precipitation recorded between midnight and 10:30 AM. During the day, meteorological conditions improved, and cloudiness slowly dissipated. Winds were predominantly from the northwest, with speeds between 2 and 18 km/h. The maximum temperature was 28.5°C at 3:50 PM, and the minimum was 20°C at 10:00 AM. The report notes that atmospheric conditions made precipitation likely, and some rain might have fallen that night, though witnesses were not certain.

The data presented in the table are surface observations from the Meteorological Observatory of Villa Ortúzar, part of the Argentine Air Force, located 10.5 km from Sarandí. The text acknowledges that meteorological conditions could vary slightly over distance.

Witness Testimonies (Sarandí)

Three witnesses were interviewed out of twelve possible. The interviewed witnesses were the homeowners and had made the police report. The interviews lasted several hours and revealed no contradictions, except for minor points.

Sr. Francisco de Asís Miró, 48, with university studies in Industrial Engineering, stated he ruled out the object being a parachute because it did not descend and even ascended at one point, and it seemed to move independently of the wind.

Sra. Mireya de Miró, 44, with primary and secretarial studies, believed it was a parachute, stating, "For me it was a parachute, don't say it was a UFO because nowadays saying UFO is the same as 'flying saucer' or 'extraterrestrial ship' and we didn't see anything like that. It was just a parachute that wasn't falling..."

Their son, Gustavo, 19, a technical gardener, provided a brief testimony, stating, "I only saw a parachute."

The primary witnesses, Sr. Francisco de Asís Miró and Sra. Mireya de Miró, are employed as an office worker and a party supply store owner, respectively. The author's opinion of the witnesses is positive, noting their lack of strong interest in UFO phenomena and their casual information intake from media.

Explanatory Hypotheses (Sarandí)

A - Parachute: While the physical similarity to a parachute is noted, its behavior is not. Aviation parachutes descend within minutes. The object's three-hour aerial presence rules out this possibility.

B - Kite (Barrilete): The existence of commercially available, easy-to-construct polyethylene kites shaped like parachutes, often with a small plastic figure, is mentioned. The phenomenon was observed above the clouds, which were identified as vertical formation clouds (cumulus, nimbus). This suggests a minimum altitude of 1000 meters. The object's behavior, particularly its movement against the northwest wind, eliminates the kite hypothesis.

C - Balloon: The characteristics do not correspond to a conventional aerostatic balloon. Sra. Mireya de Miró explicitly stated she saw no gondola. However, the possibility of a smooth-surfaced hemisphere is considered. The idea of a person hanging from it is dismissed. A more speculative explanation involves a dummy suspended from a balloon for experimental or recreational purposes. The object's three-hour visible duration and movement against the northwest wind (8-15 km/h) suggest it moved independently of the wind, supporting the idea of an anomalous phenomenon.

Case 2: Landing with Footprints in Villa Tulumba (April 14, 1977)

This section, authored by Alejandro Chionetti, details an incident in Villa Tulumba, Córdoba province. The event, which occurred in early April 1977, reportedly had no journalistic coverage or investigation by ufological organizations.

Incident Narrative

Following heavy rains in the region, the night of April 14, 1977, was clear with a light breeze and low temperatures. Carlos Bustos, 18, preparing to join the Argentine Air Force, was reading when his room was illuminated by a reddish glow accompanied by a rhythmic engine-like sound. He considered investigating but was deterred by the cold.

Around 600 meters away, other witnesses observed the phenomenon. At approximately 9:45 PM, Carlos Roldán (29), his wife, a maid, and their two daughters observed an object described as a flattened sphere, rotating rapidly and emitting yellowish and reddish flashes from its equatorial zone. The object was large, described as "the size of the sun at dusk," and hovered a few meters above the ground, balancing gently.

Sra. Roldán described the object as having a "silver belt, which rotated vertiginously" and from which emanated the flashes. The observation lasted about three minutes. The OVNI then projected an orange beam of light from its central zone, which swept across the town and concentrated on the dome of the old church of Villa Tulumba. Initially, the beam was concentrated, like a "tube about 50 centimeters in diameter," but after two minutes, it spread its luminosity over the town.

After about five minutes, Carlos Roldán approached the site in his pickup truck with his brother. As he started the vehicle, the phenomenon "retracted" its light beam and its size began to diminish, as if moving away in a NNW direction. His wife confirmed this from their home, observing the phenomenon slowly recede and vanish into the night.

The Horseshoe-Shaped Footprint

The following day, Saturday, April 15, Carlos Bustos and a friend went to the supposed landing site to search for a trace. They found a horseshoe-shaped footprint near a granite fence, about 15 meters in diameter, with an opening of about two meters. The grass within the trace was not flattened but carbonized to the roots. Nearby wild plants called 'polees' were intact. Four palm trees, three to four meters high, stood to the north of the trace. The two closest to the trace had two oblique scorch marks about two meters up. One palm's fronds were almost carbonized, suggesting the OVNI may have stopped there briefly. The other palm trees were intact.

The text highlights that palm trees are receptive to lightning and combustible, but the localized burning suggests a non-natural cause, possibly irradiation.

Subsequent Collateral Phenomena

On the night of the event, a sub-lieutenant in Villa Tulumba observed a large tongue of fire flashing over his home. He did not deny the report but did not confirm it.

On the same night, a woman relatively close to the landing site observed an incandescent sphere, the size of a child's head, evolve at low altitude before burying itself and disappearing into the cement plinths of her patio.

The author of the article was a witness to a strange phenomenon while traveling from Dean Funes to Villa Tulumba on October 29, 1978, at 11:30 PM. About 15 kilometers north of Tulumba, his vehicle was enveloped by an incandescent white-blue mass that seemed to stick to the rear of the car. The phenomenon lasted only a few moments before disappearing as mysteriously as it appeared.

Final Considerations

Since no hypothesis adequately explains the Sarandí observation, it must be concluded that it was a truly strange phenomenon, classified as a manifestation of OVNI (UFO).

The minimum altitude of the phenomenon is estimated to be around 1000 meters, considering the clouds obscured it. To estimate the maximum altitude, the resolving power of the human eye is discussed. The ability to visually separate two objects close together is about one minute of arc. Measuring an angle requires two observations, leading to an error of two minutes of arc.

Assuming the anthropomorphic figure was of normal size and the legs were separated, the distance between the feet would be approximately 0.60 meters. Using trigonometry (Sen 0°2' = 0.60/X), the maximum distance was calculated to be 1034.4828 meters. This suggests the object's maximum distance from the witnesses was less than 1034 meters, providing a refined approximation of its altitude.

Regarding the areas the phenomenon might have flown over, two concentric circles with radii of 2 km and 4 km are drawn on a map (Fig. 1). If the 4 km radius is considered for the final observation stage, the phenomenon could have been observed from Puente Alsina and Lanús, according to a Federal Police report.

The area overflown is deemed unremarkable, despite the presence of waterways, railway lines, and an airport. The area is densely populated, with numerous industries and power lines, typical of a modern urban environment. The text dismisses these as significant factors for the phenomenon's interest.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The magazine consistently presents detailed accounts of alleged UFO/UAP sightings and incidents, emphasizing witness testimony and attempting to provide scientific and meteorological context. The editorial stance appears to be one of serious investigation, carefully examining and often dismissing conventional explanations (parachute, kite, balloon) in favor of classifying the phenomena as anomalous or UFOs when no satisfactory explanation is found. There is a clear effort to be objective, analyzing data and witness accounts critically, while also acknowledging the limitations of current understanding. The magazine also highlights the importance of physical evidence, such as landing traces, and collateral phenomena. The authors express a belief in the veracity of the witnesses, particularly when they show no desire for publicity or self-aggrandizement.

Title: UFO PRESS
Issue: 41
Publisher: SERVICIO DE INVESTIGACIONES UFOLOGICAS
Country: Argentina
Language: Spanish
Date: Not specified
Cover Headline: PERSISTENCIA DE FENOMENOS NO IDENTIFICADOS EN LA ZONA (1878-1978)

This issue of UFO PRESS focuses on the persistent occurrence of unidentified phenomena in the region connecting Dean Funes and Tulumba, in the province of Córdoba, Argentina, with a historical span from 1878 to 1978. The magazine details various sightings and experiences related to these unexplained events.

Persistent Unidentified Phenomena in the Zone (1878-1978)

The lead article details a long history of strange manifestations of unknown origin and nature in the area. These include luminous, spherical, reddish lights of small diameter, often described as having intelligent behavior. Historically, these phenomena pursued horse-drawn carriages and, more recently, trucks, automobiles, and passenger transport. The article notes that these 'red spheres' have become a local tradition.

Several specific incidents are recounted:

• Historical Accounts: Since the last century, strange manifestations have occurred between Dean Funes and Tulumba. Along the route connecting these two localities in northern Córdoba, luminous spherical, reddish lights of small diameter have been observed, similar to classic 'foo fighters'. These apparitions, with marked intelligent behavior, have historically pursued carts and sulkies, and more recently, trucks, automobiles, and passenger transport.
• Cerros Colorados Incident: Decades ago, 'red spheres' caused panic. Near this zone, in the Cerros Colorados, locals reportedly scared away a small reddish light that was hovering at low altitude over plowed fields.
• Tulumba River Phenomenon: Approximately thirty years prior to the publication, a phenomenon of this nature emerged from the Tulumba River and vanished into the nearby hills. No convincing explanation was found for this event.
• Quilino Teacher's Experience (1961-1962): In the early 1960s, a secondary school teacher from Quilino had an interesting experience. While driving a truck on the road connecting Tulumba with Quilino at dawn, he observed several regular-sized spheres of a bluish (cobalt) color. These objects moved slowly and at such a low altitude that they practically copied the irregularities of the mountainous terrain as they moved.

New Ufological Publication Announcement

The Servicio de Investigaciones Ufologicas announces the release of a new ufological publication titled 'Boletín Ufológico'. This publication is directed by their regular collaborators, Rubén Morales and Alberto Zurlo. The announcement praises this initiative for its objectivity and seriousness and wishes it success and longevity. Interested parties are invited to send their correspondence for subscriptions to Nazarre 4540, 1417 Capital Federal, Argentina.

Important Novelty for Subscribers and Adherents of S.I.U. - UFO PRESS

This section announces the availability of recent editions from EDITORIAL 7 1/2 S.A. in Argentina, related to the topic of Unidentified Flying Objects. The available publications are:

• "SI ESTAN" Tomos I and II (Various authors from C.E.I.)
• "EL MANUAL DEL UFOLOGO" by Alberto Adell Sabates.

These are described as essential publications for UFO enthusiasts and researchers. The prices are listed as follows:

• "SI ESTAN" (Tomo I): $7000 (for SIU subscribers and adherents), $9000 (for the general public).
• "SI ESTAN" (Tomo II): $9000.
• "EL MANUAL DEL UFOLOGO": $9000 or $12000 (respectively).

The availability of these copies is noted as very limited, and interested individuals are urged to make their reservations promptly by writing to Sr. Francisco Checchi, Casilla de correo 23, Sucursal 22, 1422 CAPITAL FEDERAL, and including a postal money order payable to the recipient.

Les Extraterrestres - Subscription Announcement

This section promotes 'Les Extraterrestres', an excellent publication from the Grupo de Investigaciones Ufologicas GEOS. Interested individuals are encouraged to subscribe by mail to the following address: SAINT-DENIS-LES-REBAIS, 77510 REBAIS, FRANCE.

Collaborations

This section provides guidelines for submitting future collaborations to UFO PRESS. The requirements are:

• Exclusivity: Works must exclusively address the theme of UFO phenomena within its scientific evaluation categories (casuistry, theory, etc.).
• Casuistry Articles: Articles on casuistry must be the result of investigative work by the Group or a signed analyst.
• Submission Format: Works should be typewritten and double-spaced. Submissions should include photographs, diagrams, drawings, plans, etc., to illustrate the publication adequately, regardless of the topic.
• Authorization: All submissions must be accompanied by an authorization for publication, signed by the author(s).
• Publication Rights: The Servicio de Investigaciones Ufologicas reserves the right to publish collaborations, even if they meet all specified requirements.

The editorial address for UFO PRESS is provided: Yerbal 2321, 6º piso, 1406 CAPITAL FEDERAL, REPUBLICA ARGENTINA.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The recurring themes in this issue revolve around the persistent presence of unidentified aerial phenomena in specific regions of Argentina, with a focus on historical accounts and eyewitness testimonies. The editorial stance appears to be one of serious investigation and documentation of UFO phenomena, as evidenced by the announcement of a new publication ('Boletín Ufológico') and the detailed guidelines for submitting scientific collaborations. The magazine also actively promotes other ufological literature and publications, suggesting a commitment to disseminating information within the UFO research community.