UFO Newsletter no 9

Magazine Overview

Title: UFO NEWSLETTER
Issue: #9
Date: 22 August 1957
Editor: Lee R. Munsick
Publisher: Lee R. Munsick
Country: U.S.A.
Format: Mimeographed on both sides of the page, with a new, unique layout designed for easier reading.

Editorial

The editorial addresses the continually rising costs of paper, printing, and postage, necessitating the switch to a mimeographed format. The new layout aims to make reading easier by printing pages sequentially on the right-hand side, with left-hand pages upside-down to avoid distraction. The editor apologizes for a delay in the previous issue, attributing it to the publication of the "UFO INVESTIGATOR" and the demands of editing two large-scale flying saucer magazines. They also mention subsequent postal issues regarding postage and addressing. Readers are encouraged to report any missing or damaged pages. Subscription and address information is reiterated, and readers in the Sterling area are advised of specific payment instructions due to currency restrictions.

Departments

• Editorials: Discusses the new format and postal issues.
• Letters: Features correspondence from readers, including a request for listeners for an amateur radio UFO net, a note about duplicated magazines from "Le Courrier Interplanetaire" and "Metaphysical Digest," and reports on UFO sightings near Riker's Island and in Suffolk.
• Miscels (Ouch!): Contains brief notes, including a mention of the National Investigations Committee on Aerial Phenomena (NICAP) and its importance under Major Donald E. Keyhoe.
• Who's Who in Ufology: Features Donald E. Keyhoe.
• The Fourth Estate: Discusses "The Press."
• News Pickups: A section for news items.
• Unsensational, Not Confidential: A regular feature.
• UFO Publications: Lists other UFO-related publications.
• Book Reviews: Reviews of relevant books.

Articles

• Ufomythology by Dr. Ivan T. Sanderson: Sanderson coins the term "Ufomythology" to describe the ethical cancer of pseudoscientific, religious, and political ideas that have become intertwined with flying saucer research. He traces the historical recognition of unexplained aerial phenomena from ancient times through the Middle Ages and the Royal Society's early interest. He criticizes the tendency to fit UFOs into materialistic science or to attribute them to divine or demonic forces. The article highlights the post-WWII surge in UFO reports and the impact of Kenneth Arnold's 1947 sighting. Sanderson argues that the field is being cluttered by "crackpots," "contactors," and "Believers" who promote fantasies and hinder serious investigation. He laments that this trend could set back serious research by decades or even centuries, potentially depriving humanity of vital knowledge about space travel and extraterrestrial life.

• Government and Secrecy by Hon. John E. Moss, M. C.: Congressman Moss argues that excessive government secrecy, particularly within the Pentagon, stifles scientific progress and prevents the nation from achieving technological breakthroughs. He contends that the excuse of "security" is often used to hide information that could benefit the American taxpayer, rather than genuinely protect national security. Moss emphasizes that while sensitive military information should remain classified, non-military information should not be suppressed merely to avoid embarrassment or controversy. He chairs the House Government Information Subcommittee, which is investigating these restrictive information policies, and believes that public exposure can force reform.

• Report on Observations of Mars in 1956 by Dr. Robert S. Richardson: This article is listed but not detailed in the provided pages.

• Flying Saucer Controversy Goes on Tape by AUDIO RECORD: This article is listed but not detailed in the provided pages.

• A Primer in Ufology (Part One) by Lee R. Munsick: This article is listed but not detailed in the provided pages.

News Items

• Publications in Great Britain: Discusses the openness of British scientific pursuits compared to the U.S., mentioning an extensive article in "ROYAL AIR FORCE FLYING REVIEW" about UFOs, featuring photos and commentary from figures like Brinsley le Poer Trench and Dr. Clifford Thornton. It also notes the publication "MIND AND MATTER" from Delawarr Laboratories, which explores medico-psychical phenomena.

• Glass, Plastic Important in Space Plans: This item is listed but not detailed.

• Vapor Contrails Studied: This item is listed but not detailed.

• Chilean Thingamahow'sat Again? by What'd He Say?: This item is listed but not detailed.

Notices

• Status of Subscriptions: Explains how to determine subscription expiration dates using codes on the address plate.
• Back Copies: Information on obtaining past issues.
• Recommended Reading: Suggestions for further reading.
• Astronomical Society Seeking Members: A call for new members.
• Coming in the Next Issue: A preview of future content.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The recurring themes in this issue revolve around the serious study of UFO phenomena, the dangers of pseudoscience and mythologizing within the field, and the importance of open access to information, particularly from government sources. The editorial stance, as expressed by Lee R. Munsick and Ivan T. Sanderson, is strongly in favor of scientific, rational investigation and critical thinking, while actively opposing the intrusion of religious cults, political ideologies, and unsubstantiated claims into UFO research. There is a clear emphasis on distinguishing between genuine investigation and what Sanderson terms "Ufomythology."

This issue of UFO Newsletter, identified as issue #27, focuses on astronomical observations of Mars and the broader field of ufology. The primary astronomical content is a preliminary report on observations of Mars made at Mt. Wilson in 1956 by Dr. Robert S. Richardson. The issue also features articles on the Tape-Recorded UFO Information Service, a biographical profile of Donald Edward Keyhoe, and a guide to studying ufology.

Preliminary Report on Observations of Mars Made at Mt. Wilson in 1956

Dr. Robert S. Richardson presents a preliminary report on Mars observations conducted during the 1956 opposition using the 60-inch and 100-inch telescopes at Mt. Wilson. The program involved 32 nights of observation between May and October, with 21 nights concentrated in August and September. The observing conditions were generally superior to those in 1954, with only two nights lost to clouds. Out of 100 hours of observation, 4 nights had poor seeing, 13 fair, and 13 good or very good.

The program comprised three distinct types of observations: direct photographs at the Cassegrain focus of the 60-inch telescope, high-dispersion spectra at the coudé focus of the 100-inch, and photographs of Mars' satellites at the Newtonian focus of both telescopes. Fortunately, good weather allowed all aspects of the program to be carried out as planned.

Regarding visual and photographic observations of the Martian disk, the report notes that the visibility of canals is critically dependent on the season in Mars' southern hemisphere. Canals are most visible around April 1 in the Martian southern hemisphere, with little visibility by mid-June. In 1956, Martian April 1 corresponded to May 23, when Mars was 82,000,000 miles away. By September, when Mars was closest, the Martian date was around June 10, making the 1956 opposition less favorable for canal studies.

Direct photographs were taken using a camera and enlarging lens at the 60-inch Cassegrain focus, producing an image of Mars 10 mm in diameter. Kodak IV-FOR plates were used with different filters, including some infrared exposures on IV-N plates. Calibration was performed with a tube photometer.

Initial test exposures in May were unsatisfactory due to thin clouds. On June 3, under favorable conditions, the seeing was estimated at 6 (on a scale of 8), and Mars' altitude was 28°. The season corresponded to April 8 in the Northern Hemisphere. Richardson observed a peculiar aspect of the disk, with innumerable irregular blue lines resembling veins, which he eventually identified as canals. He was surprised by their color, as experienced observers like Schiaparelli and Lowell described them as dark or gray. Pettit had previously recorded canal colors as olive green.

While some good photographs were obtained on the morning of June 3, the 3 mm images failed to show the irregular lines apparent to the eye. The only other time canals were clearly seen was on October 10, when the far southern canals Simois and Thermadon were visible in fair seeing, appearing as dark, straggly streaks.

Photographs taken in orange light on August 10, when Mars was 39,800,000 miles away, yielded the most detailed images. However, a dust storm on Mars, beginning around August 30, rendered surface features hazy. The best images, 6 and 8 mm in diameter, showed canals such as Gehon, Hiddekel, Cantabras, Agathadaemon, Ganges, Nectar, Nilokeras, Draco, and Jamuna as light, wispy streaks. Richardson concluded that streaks on Mars exist at the approximate positions of well-known canals and appear to be natural surface features.

In contrast to 1954, when blue images showed conspicuous clouds and atmospheric clearing, the 1956 blue photographs showed a uniformly blank disk except for the polar cap. A new dark area, centered at 255°, +30°, noted in 1954, was still present.

Observations of the maria (dark surface features) between June 3 and September 13 consistently showed a slate blue color, confirmed by other observers. However, on October 10, the maria appeared light green or gray green.

An orange light plate taken on September 11, after the dust storm developed, showed a hazy disk with features like the Solis Lacus and Margaritifer Sinus blotted out.

A conspicuous rift in the south polar cap was observed in mid-July, visible on orange light exposures taken July 20 but not on blue images taken minutes earlier. The presence of polar caps suggests water on Mars, and it is hypothesized that variations in the intensity of H2O lines over the disk might detect water vapor in the atmosphere.

Photographs in yellow and red light penetrate the atmosphere to show surface features, while blue and violet light images typically show only the polar cap, suggesting the atmosphere becomes opaque at certain wavelengths. The existence of two polar caps, a small visible one and a larger atmospheric one, is also discussed.

Information on the internal constitution of Mars, particularly its oblateness, is desired for understanding solar system evolution. Measures of the planet's shape are difficult due to surface color, residual phase, and atmospheric effects. Perturbations in the motion of the satellites offer a way to determine oblateness independently, requiring long-term position measurements of the satellites. The photographs taken during this opposition were hoped to contribute to this problem.

The Flying Saucer Controversy Goes On Tape

This article introduces the Tape-Recorded UFO Information Service, a project by Henry M. Henriksen (Technical Director) and Dr. Adolph G. Dittmar (General Coordinator). This non-profit service aims to inform the American public about Unidentified Flying Objects by tape-recording lectures, broadcasts, and interviews with people involved in the controversy. Henriksen, an electronics engineer, became interested after the 1947 Ken Arnold sighting. Dittmar, a dentist, became interested after reading a LIFE magazine article in 1952. Their collaboration began with taped correspondence and evolved into a joint project.

Dr. Dittmar sent a taped letter to MAGNETIC FILM AND TAPE RECORDING (now HI FI TAPE RECORDING) explaining the service's philosophy. He noted that while flying saucers were once a joke, many people, including scientists, now find the study thought-provoking. The service has copied over 1000 lectures for approximately 500 people, with requests coming from worldwide. Dr. Dittmar estimates that at least 1,000,000 people have heard at least one of the service's tape-recorded lectures. The library contains 32 master tapes from leading "saucer" authorities.

Henriksen and Dittmar do not necessarily agree with all opinions on the tapes but invite contributions. The service aims to develop a library covering diverse viewpoints. They are kept busy fulfilling requests and copying new tapes. The article is condensed from THE AUDIO RECORD and notes that the figures on lectures and listeners are likely outdated due to increased distribution and new tapes.

Who's Who in UFology: Donald Edward Keyhoe

This biographical sketch details the life and career of Donald Edward Keyhoe, born June 20, 1897, in Ottumwa, Iowa. Keyhoe attended the U.S. Naval Academy, graduating in 1919 with a B.S. and a commission as Lieutenant in the U.S. Marine Corps. He was an aircraft and balloon pilot until a serious injury in 1922 led to his retirement as a Major in 1923. From 1924 to 1926, he was editor of the Coast and Geodetic Survey, then Chief of Information for the civil aeronautics branch of the Department of Commerce.

In 1926, Keyhoe managed the U.S. tour of the "Josephine Ford" and later served as aide to Charles A. "Lucky" Lindbergh during his national tour. This experience led to his book "Flying With Lindbergh" (1928). Keyhoe has contributed articles on aviation to numerous magazines and gained notoriety for his fearless reporting, including a report on the lack of safety features in variable-pitch propellers.

His interest in flying saucers began with a January 1950 article in TRUE Magazine, which evolved into his first book, "The Flying Saucers Are Real" (1950). This book, which sold over half a million copies, was followed by "Flying Saucers from Outer Space" (1953). Keyhoe became convinced that the U.S. Air Force possessed secret information about flying saucers. Reviews of his books highlighted his serious approach and the importance of circumstantial accounts from experienced pilots.

Keyhoe's third major book was "The Flying Saucer Conspiracy" (1955), which posits a conspiracy involving individuals in the Air Force, Defense Department, and CIA who believe the public is not ready for the facts about UFOs uncovered through projects like "Project Blue Book." Keyhoe played a role in the National Investigations Committee on Aerial Phenomena.

A Primer in UFology

Lee R. Munsick categorizes people interested in UFOs into two types: those with an unorthodox religious background drawn to cults, and those with a stimulating, unorthodox attitude toward science who pursue knowledge in the unknown, the Fortean data, and challenging enigmas. This article focuses on the latter group.

Munsick suggests that for new "saucer addicts," a major challenge is understanding the terminology and concepts, which can seem like a foreign language. He notes that many researchers have had to "un-learn" preconceived notions. The author emphasizes that to properly criticize an author's statements, one must first read them freely and fairly.

For those seeking to begin studying ufology, Munsick advises against an immediate dive into complex material. Instead, he recommends cultivating an open, inquiring mind, being prepared for challenges, and enjoying the process. He advocates for reading good science fiction as a catalyst for thinking and reasoning, as it helps discern fiction from fact and analyze material.

He also stresses the importance of reading UFO literature constantly and cautiously, in chronological order, to understand references and criticisms. Munsick argues that a "prepared mind" approach, reading 'key' books first, is unwise because later works refer to earlier ones. He believes that understanding the context requires reading in the order of appearance.

As examples of influential science fiction, Munsick discusses Hal Clement's "Mission of Gravity," which challenges readers to reconsider concepts of gravity and planetary conditions, and Edwin A. Abbott's "Flatland: A Romance of Many Dimensions." "Flatland," written in 1884, explores different dimensional realms and is presented as a work that instructs and stimulates the imagination, preparing the reader for concepts like the fourth dimension.

Munsick highlights the ongoing research by University of California scientists into dimensional perception and the potential building of an electronic brain to study the fourth dimension. He suggests that time might be the fourth dimension, or that motion could occur in unperceived directions.

He concludes by emphasizing that understanding these concepts requires a willingness to grapple with complex ideas and that those who explain the fourth dimension simply may not have fully grasped the material.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The recurring themes in this issue are the scientific investigation of planetary phenomena (specifically Mars) and the burgeoning field of ufology. The editorial stance appears to be one of open inquiry and a desire to present information from various perspectives, encouraging critical thinking and a thorough approach to understanding complex subjects. The newsletter also promotes other UFO-related publications, indicating a supportive community network.

Title: UFO NEWSLETTER
Issue: 27
Volume: 1
Date: March-April 1957

This issue of UFO NEWSLETTER focuses on the ongoing discourse surrounding flying saucers, examining the efforts of key figures and organizations, the media's portrayal of the phenomenon, and instances of alleged hoaxes and misinformation. It also includes information on scientific advancements and opportunities for public engagement with astronomy.

Key Figures and Organizations

Major Keyhoe and NICAP: The newsletter highlights the reorganization of NICAP (National Investigations Committee on Aerial Phenomena) in 1957, with Major Keyhoe taking over as Director. His efforts to reduce membership fees, publish the periodical UFO INVESTIGATOR, and improve newspaper acceptance of flying saucer news are noted. Keyhoe's approach is described as objective and conservative, though his personal belief is that the beings controlling the saucers are learning about Earth's civilization with the intention of making contact, possibly using Mars and the Moon as bases.

Press Coverage: The issue discusses how syndicated gossip columns are a significant channel for disseminating information about flying saucers. Columnists like Cholly Knickerbocker and Whitney Bolton are mentioned for their contributions. The article "GOSSIP & SAUCERS" examines how these columns can provide brief, though sometimes untraceable, information. It also touches on the occasional "useless annoyances" provided by columnists like Dorothy Kilgallen.

Skepticism and Hoaxes: A significant portion of the issue is dedicated to exposing questionable practices in UFO reporting. Thomas Comella's article in SAUCER NEWS is discussed, which criticizes writers for actual or intended hoaxes and the use of "Confidential Collaboration" to generate publicity. Comella also addresses the commercial aspect of UFO research, warning against prioritizing profit over genuine investigation. The article "UNSENSATIONAL, NOT CONFIDENTIAL" scrutinizes a photograph published by COSMIC NEWS allegedly showing James Moseley in a guided missile control room. The newsletter argues it's a paste-up and questions Moseley's claims and trips to South America, suggesting he might be a "paid tool of the U. S. Air Force" based on an unsigned letter. The "tape-fraud" involving Dick Miller and the alleged sale of tapes originating from a spaceship is also detailed, with regret expressed for the involvement of sincere individuals like Mr. Kellar and Marianne Francis.

Scientific and Technical Developments:

• New Materials: An American technologist has developed a new glass-based material that becomes semi-transparent, stronger, and harder than steel after special treatment, with a weight similar to aluminum. This material is intended for use in new jet and rocket equipment, particularly in government outer-space plans. The article notes the irony of officials denying flying saucers while developing materials that could be used in their construction.
• Satellite Program: The issue mentions the upcoming launch of satellites in 1958 as part of the International Geophysical Year. Some satellites will carry sub-satellites made of aluminum-coated Mylar plastic, designed to measure dragging effects.
• Vapor Contrails Study: Cornell Aeronautics Laboratory is continuing its study of aircraft jet contrails under a contract extension. This research is relevant because the lack of visible trails on reported UFOs is a puzzling aspect of the phenomenon. The study aims to understand condensation and ice crystal formation to eventually eliminate vapor trails.

Book Reviews:

• FLYING SAUCERS - FACT OR FICTION by Max B. Miller: This book is described as a light-weight but important addition to saucer literature, widely distributed with an attention-getting cover. It covers the history of flying saucers, discusses space travel, and includes material from rocket authority Hermann Oberth. The review notes a chapter on space communication and detection, and another on contact stories. It also highlights a chapter on the mysterious planet Mars and mentions that the book includes outstanding pictures, some allegedly of saucers, one of which is admitted to be a fake.
• YO ESTUVE EN UN PLATO VOLADOR (I Have Been Aboard a Flying Saucer) by Gaston Lenormand: This book, allegedly a translation from French, is dismissed as a "farse." The review questions its authenticity, noting that French writer Jimmy Guieu does not know the work. The book is divided into two parts: the first covers important sightings, and the second details an adventure of a character named Pierre D'Habereau, who travels to Mars, gets involved in politics, and eventually returns to Earth, only to disappear. The review concludes by warning readers against acquiring this "masterpiece."

Society Seeking Members:

The Astronomical Society of the Pacific is seeking new members. The newsletter reprints information about the society's objectives, publications (bimonthly Publications and monthly Leaflet), and membership dues ($6.50 for active members, $4.00 for students, $100.00 for life membership). A membership form is provided.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance:

The recurring themes in this issue include the critical examination of UFO reporting, the exposure of potential hoaxes and commercialism within the field, and the ongoing efforts to legitimize UFO research through organizations like NICAP. There is a clear editorial stance against unsubstantiated claims and a preference for well-researched, objective reporting. The newsletter also demonstrates an interest in the scientific and technological aspects related to aviation and space, while maintaining a skeptical yet open-minded approach to the UFO phenomenon. The inclusion of a membership drive for an astronomical society suggests an effort to connect UFO research with broader scientific inquiry and to encourage public participation in astronomy.