UFO mif ili realnost - No 03 - 1991

Magazine Overview

This issue of 'Molodezh i Kultura' (Youth and Culture), identified by the designation H71 and published in 1991 by the Privolzhskoye Book Publishing House in Saratov, is titled "НЛО: МИФ ИЛИ РЕАЛЬНОСТЬ?" (UFO: Myth or Reality?). It is a collection of journalistic pieces that aims to explore the phenomenon of Unidentified Flying Objects (UFOs) by presenting a variety of arguments, theories, and eyewitness accounts.

Contents and Key Articles

The collection features articles by various authors, including compilers G. P. Sidorovnin and V. G. Talanov. The issue acknowledges that the UFO phenomenon divides people into different camps: some dismiss it as "delirium of a fevered mind" or "mass psychosis," while others see them as "messengers from distant worlds" or of "supernatural" origin. The reader is invited to examine the positions of opponents and form their own conclusions.

One of the introductory articles, likely an editorial or introductory piece, discusses the overwhelming flow of information in modern times and how sensational reports about UFOs are increasingly woven into this information stream. It highlights that alongside professional scientists, engineers, technicians, writers, and journalists are also engaged in unraveling the mystery of UFOs. The article poses the question of how to distinguish scientific conclusions from speculation and emphasizes the importance of familiarizing oneself with scientific research methods. It frames the history of the "UFO problem" as a struggle between proponents of the extraterrestrial hypothesis and "official science."

The issue notes that while UFO research gained attention abroad in the 1950s-60s, serious study in the USSR only began after 1985, coinciding with the era of glasnost. This period saw the emergence of serious articles and bold hypotheses, with TASS, the official news agency, frequently reporting on UFOs. A group of UFO enthusiasts and propagandists within TASS, led by S. Bulantsev, is mentioned as playing a significant role.

The collection includes excerpts from an overview dedicated to Felix Yurievich Zigel, a pioneer in the study of anomalous phenomena in the country. Zigel's uncompromising stance against skeptics is noted, as is his role in prompting many to contemplate the complexity of the world. An excerpt from his unpublished 1982 article, "Some Problems of Modern Ufology," is presented, where he expresses his continued belief in the Extraterrestrial Hypothesis (ET) but prioritizes truth over the idea of "visitors." He questions the rationale for extraterrestrial civilizations to show such interest in Earth, given its apparent insignificance in the vastness of the cosmos, and points out the sheer number of unexplained UFOs.

The article also touches upon the concept of interstellar travel, suggesting that four-dimensional space might offer a solution to the challenges of superluminal speeds. It discusses the possibility of parallel worlds and different dimensions, referencing theories by authors like W. Corliss. The text then raises questions about the purpose and influence of potential alien visitors throughout human history.

Further discussion explores the evolutionary changes in humans, such as increasing brain size and the reduction of certain physical features, drawing a parallel to descriptions of humanoids reported by eyewitnesses. The article suggests that if these beings are millions of years more advanced, understanding their "technology" (UFOs) and behavior would be incredibly difficult.

Another section delves into the nature of "parallel worlds" or "multiverses," proposing a model of hyperspheres in four-dimensional Euclidean space. It references the ideas of K. E. Tsiolkovsky and N. F. Fedorov. The text acknowledges that while complex hypotheses can explain any phenomenon, the widespread publications and TASS reports have significantly advanced the study of UFOs.

However, the issue also presents a more cautious perspective from Academician V. Kaznacheev, who notes that scientific progress in understanding the rapid changes in nature and life is lagging behind. He warns of potential catastrophe if humanity continues to outpace its understanding. Kaznacheev criticizes the inertia and bureaucracy of Soviet science, particularly its academic technocracy, which he believes hinders the acceptance of new ideas. He points to the accumulated knowledge about humanity's interaction with the cosmic environment, preserved in ancient traditions and institutions, and laments that modern science has not yet fully formed a comprehensive understanding of life and the universe, often failing to acknowledge the possibility of diverse forms of life, including intelligent ones, on Earth and in space.

The issue highlights the growing interest in phenomena like extrasensory perception, astrology, and UFO observations, suggesting that these areas are gradually gaining legitimacy. It references the "great renaissance" of Russian culture and science in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, which included cosmology, philosophy, and bioethics, linking it to Russian cosmism and the ideas of Tsiolkovsky and Vernadsky.

The text notes the lag in fundamental research, leading to the uncontrolled development of extrasensory practices, which can be dangerous. It calls for serious reflection on these issues at all levels of governance, science, and culture.

The UFO commission of the Committee for Problems of Energy-Information Exchange in Nature, led by V. Azhazha, is presented as a significant initiative. Azhazha explains that the commission, part of the Union of Scientific and Engineering Societies of the USSR, aims to attract researchers and enthusiasts to study UFO-related problems. He mentions that his deputy is twice Hero of the Soviet Union, pilot-cosmonaut P. Popovich, and that many commission members have decades of experience in the field. The commission's goals include creating a system for collecting, processing, and disseminating UFO information, facilitating international exchange, and promoting knowledge about UFOs to replace superstition and ignorance.

The article emphasizes that the UFO phenomenon is the most exciting mystery for humanity, and its understanding could lead to a complete revolution in values and civilization's orientation. It acknowledges the difficulty in studying the problem due to contradictions in approaches and criteria among researchers, especially since the topic was once considered taboo. The commission's aim is to provide a preliminary outline of the subject by introducing readers to the most interesting theories, versions, and chronicles of the phenomenon, hoping to satisfy the "information hunger" of the average reader.

It is suggested that a single scientific concept for the origin of UFOs is unlikely to emerge, as the current "scientific worldview" is being challenged, with many scientists approaching the idea of an Absolute or Higher Intelligence. The issue concludes by stating that the commission intends to create a system for collecting, processing, and disseminating information about UFOs, making it accessible to everyone. It also stresses the importance of information exchange, including with foreign colleagues, and the need for widespread propaganda of UFO knowledge to combat ignorance.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The recurring themes in this issue revolve around the UFO phenomenon, exploring its potential as myth versus reality. The editorial stance appears to be one of open inquiry, encouraging readers to consider diverse perspectives, from scientific skepticism to the extraterrestrial hypothesis and even more speculative theories like parallel worlds. While acknowledging the challenges and potential dangers of pseudoscience, the publication seems to advocate for a more open and integrated approach to understanding anomalous phenomena, recognizing the limitations of current scientific paradigms and the value of empirical data, even from unconventional sources. The issue emphasizes the need for further research, information sharing, and a broader understanding of life and the universe.

This issue, titled 'Meeting with the Unknown,' by V. Maistrenko, delves into the fascinating topic of extraterrestrial civilizations and the ongoing search for contact. It explores scientific perspectives on the prevalence of life in the galaxy, the challenges of inter-civilizational communication, and the possibility of interstellar travel.

The Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence

The article begins by acknowledging the scientific consensus that Earth is unlikely to be the only planet harboring intelligent life. It cites varying estimates for the number of extraterrestrial civilizations in our galaxy, ranging from 100,000 to 4.5 billion. The text highlights ongoing efforts to detect signals from these civilizations, theoretical work on establishing contact, and conferences dedicated to the subject. The complexities of deciphering potential alien messages and the vast timescales involved in radio communication are also discussed.

American astronomer R. Bracewell's proposal to search for extraterrestrial probes within the Solar System and in Earth's orbit is mentioned, suggesting these probes might be intended to draw our attention to galactic societies.

Earth's Radio Signature

The author posits that Earth's own radio and television transmissions have made our planet highly conspicuous. Earth's radio emissions in the meter range are stated to be a million times stronger than those of Venus and Mars, making it the second brightest object in the sky after the Sun. This powerful signal is suggested as a potential reason for other worlds to notice us, while also posing the question of why they haven't made themselves known.

Historical Enigmas and Unexplained Phenomena

The article then shifts to historical enigmas and unexplained phenomena that may be linked to extraterrestrial visitation or advanced ancient technology. These include legends of 'sky people' and 'flying carpets' among the Incas, mysterious Saharan frescoes, the 'Sun Gate' calendar, Andean symbols, Stonehenge, and ancient Indian descriptions of 'rocket ships.' The Tunguska catastrophe of 1908 is also cited as an unexplained event. The term UFO (Unidentified Flying Object) and its Russian equivalent (НЛО - Neopoznannye Letayushchie Ob'ekty) are introduced, along with the concept of anomalous phenomena (АЯ).

Official Investigations and Research

It is noted that both the US Air Force and NATO have established special departments to study UFO materials. In the USSR, a Commission on Anomalous Phenomena (АЯ) was created under the Academy of Sciences. The article references a report by American computer specialist James Oberg from the Houston Space Center, which detailed efforts by American scientists to study UFOs. The term UFO reportedly emerged in the late 1940s.

Notable Sightings and Incidents

The article recounts several specific incidents:

• 1909: A German scientist named Meyer described a round, luminous object appearing in the night sky, emitting a beautiful green or bluish light, and moving rapidly towards the observer.
• Autumn 1944: During World War II, German anti-aircraft gunners reportedly tracked an object moving at extremely high speeds (2000-5000 km/h) at altitudes of up to 15,000 meters.
• Autumn 1941: The author recounts a personal experience near Rubanka station in Ukraine, where he and his grandfather witnessed a large, bright white, pumpkin-shaped sphere hovering 50-100 meters above a burial mound. The object rotated, hissed, and emitted sparks before ascending rapidly.
• June 1905: The author's grandfather witnessed a phenomenon near Mastun mountain in Manchuria, where the sky above the mountain became illuminated with a crimson glow that spread like molten metal before fading.
• June 24, 1947: Pilot Kenneth Arnold reported seeing nine disk-shaped objects, which led to the coining of the term 'flying saucers.'

Historical Context and Ancient Observations

The article points out that similar aerial phenomena were observed long before the 20th century. It mentions a painting by Francesco, a predecessor of Raphael, depicting flying disks, and notes that scribes in ancient Egypt described disk-shaped objects.

Scientific Skepticism and Evolving Perspectives

Professor J. Allen Hynek, a consultant for the US Air Force's Project Blue Book, is quoted expressing the view that modern science might be too self-assured and could be overlooking future scientific paradigms. The article suggests that scientists have historically been resistant to accepting phenomena that do not fit their existing models, citing numerous instances where predictions initially dismissed by science later proved true.

The 1968 'Condon Report' on UFOs, a comprehensive scientific study, is mentioned. While it analyzed 91 cases, 30 remained unexplained. The report concluded that there was insufficient evidence to support the hypothesis of extraterrestrial visitors but did not preclude further research.

International UFO Research Efforts

The establishment of the Committee for Scientific Research of Anomalous Phenomena in 1975, led by physicist F. Class, is highlighted. This committee aimed to raise the standard of UFO research. Similar organizations exist in various countries, often privately funded. The article notes that UFO research is also conducted in the USSR by the Academy of Sciences.

Current Research and Future Prospects

Despite the majority of sightings being attributed to natural phenomena or human technology, about 10% of anomalous phenomena remain unexplained. The United Nations has been urged to address the UFO phenomenon, with a resolution passed for countries to voluntarily participate in its study. The article details ongoing research in the USA, including round-the-clock monitoring, photographic analysis using computers, and data processing to predict potential UFO appearances. Scientists and enthusiasts continue to coordinate efforts and establish research centers.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The issue consistently emphasizes the vastness of the universe and the high probability of other intelligent life. It highlights the historical persistence of unexplained aerial phenomena, suggesting they are not merely modern inventions. While acknowledging the scientific skepticism and the challenges of research, the tone is one of open inquiry and a belief that the UFO phenomenon warrants serious investigation. The article implicitly suggests that humanity may not be as advanced as it believes, particularly in the context of potential extraterrestrial contact and interstellar travel.

This issue of "Tekhnika Molodezhi" (Technology for Youth), dated November 1987, focuses on the complex and often controversial topic of Unidentified Flying Objects (UFOs), exploring scientific investigations, skeptical viewpoints, and potential explanations.

Conferences on UFOs

The magazine details the history of UFO conferences, starting in 1976. These meetings aimed to gather evidence for the existence of UFOs and to understand the physics behind their propulsion systems. A key objective was to understand the 'engines for interplanetary flights.' A skeptical group, including former 'Project Blue Book' personnel and radar specialists, challenged the existence of UFOs, often attributing sightings to misidentified aircraft or atmospheric phenomena.

Misidentifications and Photographic Analysis

It is noted that a significant percentage (70-88%) of observed aerial phenomena have prosaic explanations. Common misidentifications include bright stars or planets (especially Venus), meteorites, and spent rocket stages. The article highlights the challenges in analyzing UFO photographs, acknowledging that many are outright fakes, some clumsy and others sophisticated. Scientists emphasize that photographs alone are insufficient proof and must be accompanied by detailed reports from witnesses and technical data about the photographic process. Techniques like densitometry are used to assess image quality and detect anomalies, but even these can be fooled. The use of hypnosis and lie detectors is also mentioned as methods to verify witness accounts.

Scientific Investigation and Observatories

A dedicated observatory in Texas, part of the 'Star Light' international project, is described. This facility, spanning 100 hectares near Mount Austin, is equipped with an array of sophisticated instruments, including cameras, spectrographs, telescopes, and audio-visual recording devices, to capture and analyze phenomena associated with UFOs. The goal is to register effects like radio interference, engine stalls, and air ionization, which are reportedly linked to UFO presence. The observatory also features signaling devices, such as flares and a laser, intended to attract the attention of UFO pilots.

Military and Government Involvement

The magazine touches upon the military's interest and involvement in UFOs. The US Air Force's IX Directorate and NATO's VII Directorate are tasked with identifying and studying UFOs. Data is collected from various sources, including Air Force tracking stations, Space Shuttle crews, NASA research centers, and public reports from the US and Canada. The North American Aerospace Defense Command (NORAD) also receives UFO data at its Cheyenne Mountain complex. The article mentions the development of advanced detection and potential interception systems, including the Space Shuttle's future equipment and a 'X-ray laser' being developed at the Livermore Laboratory, which would require significant energy, possibly from a hydrogen bomb explosion.

Scientific Hypotheses and Debates

Scientists are presented with varying perspectives. Some argue that a 'groundless denial' of UFOs is a sign of ignorance. Hypotheses range from atmospheric phenomena and plasma states to extraterrestrial origins. The concept of plasma as a potential explanation for UFOs and ball lightning is discussed, given that plasma constitutes a significant portion of matter in the universe. The article cites research from the USSR Academy of Sciences, which indicates that while most sightings are explainable, a portion remains anomalous. The difficulty in studying UFOs is attributed to their unpredictable nature and the need for reliable instrumental registration methods. The possibility of UFOs being 'shuttle craft' from a 'mother ship' originating from the Orion constellation is also mentioned.

Skepticism and Classification

While acknowledging the existence of anomalous aerial phenomena (AЯ), the article highlights that many hypotheses lack rigorous scientific backing or experimental verification. Some researchers propose that AЯ are linked to geological processes in seismically active zones, while others suggest they are related to atmospheric phenomena like polar auroras or plasma vortices. A sociological study by Shirley MacIver suggests that belief in UFOs can wane over time as concrete evidence fails to materialize. The article concludes by attempting a classification of UFOs, mentioning oval-shaped objects emitting electromagnetic waves, which are termed 'unidentified atmospheric phenomena.'

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The issue consistently emphasizes the need for a scientific approach to studying UFOs, moving beyond anecdotal evidence and speculation. It highlights the tension between the desire to believe and the demand for empirical proof. The editorial stance appears to be one of open inquiry, acknowledging the unexplained aspects of the phenomenon while critically examining evidence and hypotheses. There's a clear effort to present both the enthusiasts' and the skeptics' viewpoints, underscoring the ongoing scientific debate and the challenges in definitively understanding UFOs.

This issue of an unnamed Russian magazine, titled 'UFO: Unexplained Phenomena,' delves into various theories and documented cases surrounding Unidentified Flying Objects (UFOs). The content primarily focuses on scientific and geological explanations for UFO sightings, alongside anecdotal evidence and reports of encounters.

The 'Geological' Hypothesis for UFOs

The magazine extensively explores the theory that UFOs are a result of geological phenomena, particularly the piezoelectric effect. Professor Michael Persinger of Canada is cited as a proponent of this idea, suggesting that stress on certain rock types generates electric currents that ionize the air, creating glowing columns that appear as UFOs. This ionized air, he posits, is responsible for the visual phenomenon. The article notes that sociological surveys indicate a low percentage of people reporting UFO sightings, and Persinger attributes reports of alien abductions to hallucinations caused by ionizing radiation.

UFO researchers Jenny Randles and Peter Warrington are presented as advocating for a more tolerant approach to studying UFOs, urging scientists to treat the subject with greater seriousness. They, along with other researchers, propose that UFOs are not alien spacecraft but rather manifestations of real, though not fully understood, atmospheric events, likely linked to geological processes.

Charles Fort is credited with being one of the first to observe that UFOs tend to appear in areas with high seismic activity. French researchers in the 1960s and 70s, such as F. Lagarde, investigated this connection, finding a clear link between UFOs and geological fault lines. The piezoelectric effect was considered a possible mechanism. Later studies by Andrew York and Paul Devereux in England between 1972-1978 analyzed UFO appearances over a 25-year period and found they occurred over local fault lines. They also compiled historical data on unusual atmospheric phenomena over 300 years, noting their association with local fault lines, suggesting a broader link between geological features and aerial events.

In 1977, M. Persinger and J. Laffreniere published a book further developing the 'geological' hypothesis. In 1981, Dr. Brian Brady conducted an experiment where he stressed granite in a dark room, observing a glow emanating from the rock and the surrounding chamber, supporting the 'earth glow' theory.

Research into 'earth glow' is ongoing in North America and England. The area of Warminster in Wiltshire, known for its geological features, has seen numerous UFO sightings. While seemingly ordinary, investigations revealed two isolated fault lines nearby. The article acknowledges that linking distant or high-altitude UFOs to geological anomalies is difficult, but phenomena at lower altitudes are more suggestive.

In 1977, unusual atmospheric events, including 'UFO landings,' were observed in Wales, a region with complex geological formations and fault lines. Data from 1977 indicated that a significant percentage of UFO sightings occurred within 50 to 550 meters of fault lines. The article poses the question of how geological deformation energy is converted into an electric field. While the piezoelectric effect is a candidate, it doesn't fully explain visible light emission. Researchers are now leaning towards triboluminescence – light emitted due to friction – as a more plausible explanation for visible light, involving electron transitions to lower energy levels caused by friction forces.

UFOs and Potential Threats

The magazine also touches upon the military's perspective on UFOs, suggesting that in some instances, UFOs have been perceived as potential threats. An example is given of a command to open fire on UFOs, implying a defensive posture. Several attempts by military forces to engage UFOs are recounted, often with no success. These include an incident in Los Angeles in 1942 where over 1400 shots were fired at glowing UFOs without effect. In 1956, a pilot who opened fire on a UFO over Okinawa was killed. In the 1970s, two 'Phantom' jets in Tehran experienced equipment failures when attempting to engage a UFO. There are also mentions of combat encounters with UFOs at sea and underwater.

A significant event discussed is the alleged downing of a DC-9 aircraft in 1980 near Ustica, Italy. Investigations led to charges against 23 Italian Air Force officers for false testimony and falsifying facts. Radar data from civilian air traffic control reportedly showed an unidentified flying object maneuvering aggressively near the time of the crash, but military radar data from closer locations was allegedly 'erased.' The article suggests that similar attempts to shoot down UFOs may have occurred in Russia, citing reports of UFOs being fired upon by rockets in the Far East in the early 1950s.

Documented Sightings and Encounters

The issue presents a collection of UFO sightings from various countries:

• Uruguay: A private group reported 280 UFO sightings over seven years, with about 30% deemed credible. The report suggested an increasing proximity of 'visitors' to Earth, with alleged landings in 1976, power line disruptions in 1977, and cars being pursued in 1978.
• South America: Uruguayan researchers found that UFOs flew along specific routes over Uruguay, Argentina, and Brazil, often appearing over railways, large bodies of water, and mineral-rich areas.
• Early Observations: In 1928, English scientist D. Luyten detected a 'double echo' from radio pulses, with one echo from the ionosphere and another from an unknown object in space between Earth and the Moon. He mapped the sky, suggesting the object had been in orbit for 13,000 years.
• 'Flying Saucer' Origin: A photograph of a new fighter jet's escort revealed a disc-shaped object, leading to the term 'flying saucer.'
• Mozambique (1988): A large, parachute-like object was observed for six hours near Beira. A Boeing 737 encountered the object, which hovered and then ascended vertically when the aircraft's lights were flashed. It reappeared in April 1989.
• Japan (1984): The crew of the research vessel 'Kaye-Maru' encountered a UFO in the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, describing it as an oval object moving at high speed.
• Indonesia (1989): A bright, silent object was observed over Jakarta, exhibiting erratic movement and hovering.
• Guatemala (1989): Hundreds of cars stopped simultaneously near Progreso due to a bright light from a hovering UFO, described as a large, luminous saucer accompanied by three smaller 'discs.' Military aircraft were scrambled but found nothing on radar.
• Israel (1989): A cigar-shaped, glowing object was observed over Haifa.
• Japan (1989): A resident of Kanazu filmed an unusual, diamond-shaped object of platinum color with an orange and white halo, described as silent and rotating.
• Madagascar (1989): An egg-shaped, silver object, about 15 meters long and 10 meters wide, hovered silently near Ambathulampi, rotating and emitting a bright light.
• Algeria (1989): A commander of a Boeing 707 reported seeing a strange, shimmering yellow object leaving a blue-green gas trail at high altitude.
• Switzerland: Eduard Mayer claims to have been in telepathic contact with an extraterrestrial civilization for years, providing over a hundred clear photographs of UFOs that experts could not prove were fabricated. His diary, detailing conversations with a 330-year-old alien, is being studied by institutions like NASA.

UFO Speed and Characteristics

The issue notes that UFO speeds vary greatly, from stationary to speeds up to 8450-14,500 km/h, as recorded by radar in the USA. The object characteristics section details various shapes (saucer, cigar, dome, etc.), colors (glowing, platinum, yellow), sizes (from 20cm to thousands of meters), and behaviors (hovering, rotating, erratic movement, high-speed flight).

Government Response and Cover-ups

A section titled 'UFO Catastrophe Over US Territory' details a 1977 memorandum from US President D. Carter to the UN, allegedly proving the reality of UFOs and their extraterrestrial origin. It mentions the creation of a global UFO alert system in 1952 and NORAD's detection of 5 to 900 UFOs daily. Despite orders to intercept, US forces were reportedly unable to prevent UFOs from flying over strategic bases and nuclear storage sites. The article also mentions specialized 'blue beret' units created for capturing downed UFOs. The Roswell incident in 1947 is revisited, with a description of a 'two stacked saucers' object.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The magazine appears to lean towards presenting a scientific, albeit speculative, approach to UFO phenomena, emphasizing geological and atmospheric explanations over purely extraterrestrial ones, though it does not entirely dismiss the possibility. There's a recurring theme of military encounters and potential cover-ups by authorities. The editorial stance seems to be one of encouraging serious scientific investigation into UFOs, moving beyond mere speculation towards empirical evidence and rigorous analysis. The inclusion of numerous documented sightings from around the world suggests a desire to provide a comprehensive overview of the phenomenon as reported in various media.

This issue of "UFO" (no specific issue or volume number provided) delves into numerous alleged UFO sightings, crashes, and encounters, with a strong emphasis on the Roswell incident of 1947. It presents a compilation of witness testimonies, declassified documents, and journalistic reports, suggesting a long-standing government interest and cover-up regarding extraterrestrial phenomena.

The Roswell Incident and its Aftermath

The issue begins by recounting the Roswell incident, where a strange object, unlike aircraft, reportedly crashed on a farm near Roswell. Lieutenant Hoat of the Air Force base publicly confirmed the 'flying disc' rumors, which were then widely reported. Subsequent reports detailed observations by farmers, soldiers, engineers, and archaeologists. Farmer Brazel described hearing a thunderous impact and seeing a bright flash, leading to the discovery of unusual debris. Major D. Marcel of the intelligence service was involved in collecting these fragments, which included material resembling aluminum foil but impossible to cut or crumple, a pipe with a flange, and pieces with markings similar to hieroglyphs. Other materials found included a brown substance resembling parchment and a strong, silk-like material.

Engineer B. Barnett provided testimony about encountering a disc-shaped object approximately 10 meters in diameter. Military personnel arrived, removed civilians, and warned them against speaking about what they had seen.

Further accounts suggest that the 'weather balloon' explanation was a deliberate fabrication. A CIA memo from Admiral Roscoe Hillenkotter, the first CIA director, reportedly stated that four small humanoid creatures were found near a crashed object, having ejected before its explosion. These beings were described as biologically and evolutionarily dissimilar to humans, with round heads and no hair.

Documented UFO Crashes and Recoveries

The magazine details several other alleged UFO crash incidents:

• 1948, Laredo, Texas: A 30-meter diameter disc-shaped UFO crashed, and the body of a 1.3-meter tall pilot was found.
• 1952, Edwards Air Force Base, California: A 27-meter diameter disc-shaped craft with portholes crashed and was transported to Wright-Patterson Air Force Base.
• May 21, 1953, Kingman, Arizona: An oval-shaped object, 10 meters in size and 7 meters in height, was recovered and taken to Wright-Patterson. It contained a single pilot about 120 cm tall with dark brown skin, large eyes, and a silver suit.
• 1962, Holloman Air Force Base, New Mexico: A UFO with a 22-meter diameter and 4-meter height crashed, carrying two pilots approximately 1.1 meters tall.
• December 10, 1964, Fort Riley, Kansas: An operation was launched to examine a discovered UFO, but no pilots were found. Military personnel were ordered to shoot any intruders.
• 1968, Nellis Air Force Base, Nevada: A large UFO was observed for three days, with smaller craft detaching. One landed, and its pilot incapacitated a colonel with a ray device.
• 1966-1968: Five UFOs reportedly crashed or were captured in Ohio, Indiana, and Kentucky, with wreckage stored at Wright-Patterson and MacDill Air Force Bases.

Government Secrecy and Disinformation

The issue highlights the perceived secrecy and disinformation surrounding UFOs. It mentions Donald Menzel, an astrophysicist who allegedly worked with US intelligence to debunk UFO phenomena. The article suggests that documents related to UFOs have been destroyed, implying their existence. There are also claims that elements of the 'stealth' bomber B-2 and 'star wars' systems might incorporate extraterrestrial technology.

International Perspectives and UN Involvement

The magazine touches upon international interest in UFOs. It mentions a 1977 UN congress in Mexico and subsequent efforts by Grenada to establish a UN agency for UFO issues. However, the US government reportedly opposed the creation of such an agency, fearing international oversight. The article also references a Canadian Ministry of Transport document from 1950 indicating that the US government considered the UFO problem highly classified and that 'flying saucers exist'.

Descriptions of UFO Pilots and Craft

Detailed descriptions of alleged UFO pilots are provided, portraying them as short (around 1.2 meters), with disproportionately large heads and torsos, wide-set eyes, and thin limbs. Their physical characteristics are described as non-human.

The issue also includes reports from Yugoslavia, where a 'dossier' documented numerous UFO sightings over 30 years. A pilot observed a 'parade' of UFOs that caused radio and radar interference. UFOs are described as disc-shaped and cigar-shaped, with some being motherships for smaller scout craft.

Apollo Missions and Lunar Anomalies

Curiously, the magazine also references alleged anomalies during the Apollo missions. Reports suggest that Armstrong and Aldrin on Apollo 11 observed tracks resembling tank treads on the Moon. Similarly, the commander of Apollo 12, Conrad, noted lunar surfaces that appeared 'plowed,' with photographs taken of what looked like footprints. The commander of Apollo 17 reported seeing tracks on lunar hills. Glen Seaborg, head of the US Atomic Energy Commission, is quoted as stating that crews of extraterrestrial origin had landed on the Moon.

UN and the 'Cosmic Law'

The article discusses the proposed 'Cosmic Law' aimed at regulating military actions against extraterrestrial forces and limiting the use of weapons in space. It highlights the US government's resistance to international control over UFO issues, as evidenced by a declassified State Department telegram to the UN.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The recurring themes throughout this issue are the persistent presence of UFOs, the alleged cover-up by governments (particularly the US), the existence of extraterrestrial intelligence, and the potential for advanced alien technology. The editorial stance appears to be one of presenting evidence and testimonies that support the reality of UFO phenomena and the likelihood of extraterrestrial visitation, while also highlighting the efforts to suppress or conceal this information from the public. The inclusion of details from the Apollo missions suggests an attempt to broaden the scope of evidence for extraterrestrial activity beyond Earth-bound sightings.

This issue of the magazine "UFO" (title not explicitly stated, but implied by content) focuses on UFO sightings and related phenomena, with a significant emphasis on events in Yugoslavia and the USSR. The publication date is not clearly indicated, but the content references events and reports from the 1970s and 1980s.

UFO Sightings in Yugoslavia

The magazine reports that UFOs frequently appear over Yugoslavia on Fridays, with preferred landing sites in the northern regions of Slovenia. It is speculated that a UFO base might exist in the Kamnik Alps. Approximately 500 landings of unknown objects have been registered in Slovenia. There is also a suggestion of another UFO base in the Adriatic Sea, near the border with Italy, with witnesses reporting UFOs taking off at high speed from underwater.

A notable case detailed is that of Maida Krosl, a young woman from near Kranj, Slovenia. She recounted an encounter with a UFO and its occupants, which she described as an incredible adventure. Despite initial skepticism, her story was corroborated by two lie detector tests, indicating she was telling the truth. According to her account, published in the Yugoslavian newspaper "Večernje novosti," she was playing with friends when she heard a strange noise and saw a bright light. She entered a forest and found a descending craft of unusual shape, engulfed in flames. The craft landed on supports, and she approached it, comparing it to the "Gemini" spacecraft seen on television. Inside, she saw screens displaying what looked like blueprints, and small beings in silver suits. A tall woman with a golden braid was also present. One of the beings disappeared and reappeared outside the craft. Maida described a close encounter with one of the beings, noting its human-like features but with a wide forehead and narrow chin, slanted eyes, and thin lips. The being appeared to be making adjustments to the craft. She then saw large "flying saucers" on the screens. Touching the craft's hull, she was hit by a blue beam of light and fell. The craft then spun and took off, emitting a red-orange light that set fire to the grass and trees, and her jeans. Upon returning home, she was found to have a wound resembling a severe sunburn and an elevated white blood cell count.

Her story is indirectly supported by a hunter who reported seeing UFOs, one of which left a silver trail upon takeoff. Specialists investigating the site found a solidified alloy of silver and unknown chemical elements. The reason for UFOs choosing Slovenia as a landing site remains a mystery, with the Ljubljana UFO Society actively researching this issue.

Theories on the Nature of UFOs

The magazine presents several hypotheses regarding the nature of UFOs:

1. Hoax or Ball Lightning: UFOs could be fabrications by unscrupulous individuals and sensationalist journalists, or in extreme cases, ball lightning. The explanation suggests that the brain might misinterpret rapid atmospheric phenomena, creating a distorted perception.
2. Extraterrestrial Civilizations: UFOs are sent by highly developed extraterrestrial civilizations that have overcome gravity and utilize solar energy. Yugoslavian astrophysicist Slobodan Tsvetanovich estimates their ships can travel at 40,000 km/h without inertia, allowing for instant stops and acceleration. He suggests that direct contact with aliens would cause a catastrophic revolution in science, technology, and all aspects of life, leading to chaos.
3. Reconnaissance: Previously, UFOs were believed to be engaged in reconnaissance of Earth's military capabilities, especially after the atomic bombings of Japan. Currently, their interest is thought to be in Earth's energy potential.
4. Holographic Projections: It's proposed that aliens might send holographic projections rather than physical craft, explaining their sudden appearance and disappearance.
5. Parallel Worlds/Dimensions: UFOs might be reflections or traces of processes occurring in a parallel world with different laws of life, matter, and energy. This could explain their varied forms, from dirigibles to giant spacecraft.
6. Atmospheric Phenomena: UFOs could be real atmospheric phenomena, possibly linked to geological processes in the Earth's crust. The focus would be on understanding the mechanism of energy transformation from rock deformation into electrical fields.
7. Plasma State: The appearance of UFOs might be related to the fourth state of matter, plasma, with ball lightning being a prime example due to its similar characteristics (hovering, rapid movement, ability to pass through objects, emitting sound).

Some American ufologists believe the smell of UFOs is significant, listing common scents like burning gasoline, sulfur, ether, and sulfurous smells, with associated case numbers.

UFO Research in the Soviet Union

For a long time, Soviet scientists, cosmonauts, and officials were skeptical about UFOs. However, observing serious Western research and significant investment in UFO studies, Soviet attitudes became more cautious, with attempts at analysis. Information on UFO sightings within the USSR began to be collected.

On November 24, 1977, V. G. Azhazha, a candidate of technical sciences, delivered a report titled "Are We Alone in the Universe? Reason in Space. Facts and Hypotheses." This report, which included improbable facts about alien abductions and encounters with UFOs by Apollo crews, garnered significant public interest, leading to a flood of letters about UFO sightings to the USSR Academy of Sciences and media organizations.

In February 1984, the Commission on Anomalous Phenomena in the Environment was established under the All-Union Council of Scientific and Technical Societies (VSNTO). This commission, with branches across the USSR, aimed to collect information on unusual natural phenomena. Its chairman was V. S. Troitsky, a corresponding member of the USSR Academy of Sciences, with prominent scientists, cosmonauts, and academicians serving as deputy chairmen and members.

The commission's goal was to determine whether these phenomena were natural or evidence of extraterrestrial contact. However, it was noted that the commission lacked scientific centers, tracking stations, or advanced equipment, functioning primarily as a fact-gathering body. The magazine questions the effectiveness of the commission, emphasizing that scientific understanding requires both theoretical frameworks and technical means.

Writer D. Belenkin is quoted stating that our perception of the cosmos is filtered through existing theories, making it difficult to recognize truly alien contact. He argues that what the mind is not ready to accept may not be perceived, even if it is present.

Notable UFO Incidents in the USSR

The magazine presents several documented UFO incidents in the USSR:

• March 27, 1983, Gorky Airport: An unidentified object, described as a cigar-shaped, light gray craft without wings or tail, was detected by radar. It was about 1 km high and traveled at 180-200 km/h. The object was observed for about 40 minutes.
• December 2, 1983, Ukraine, Belarus, and Central Russia: Thousands of people witnessed glowing spherical objects with trails. Some objects split into multiple parts, with the brightest exceeding Venus in brilliance. The angular speed of the group was about 0.8 degrees per second.
• January 1978, between Medvezhye and Nadym: A Yak-40 aircraft crew observed a round, bright object that rapidly approached and then veered away, narrowly avoiding a collision.
• October 12, 1984, Kugitangtau, Turkmenistan: During an expedition, a bright, pearl-like sphere appeared and grew, covering half the sky before fading.
• January 31, 1985, near Minsk: A Tu-134 aircraft crew observed a bright star-like object that emitted a beam of light, transformed into a green cloud, and then a "cloud aircraft" that escorted them. The object exhibited unusual maneuvers and light emissions.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The magazine consistently explores the mystery of UFOs, presenting a wide range of eyewitness accounts, scientific theories, and official investigations. There is a clear editorial stance that UFO phenomena, while often explained by conventional means, also present genuinely anomalous cases that warrant serious scientific inquiry. The publication encourages the collection of data and the open-minded investigation of these unexplained events, even if they challenge current scientific paradigms. The recurring theme is the persistent presence of unexplained aerial phenomena and the ongoing effort to understand their origin, whether terrestrial or extraterrestrial.

This issue of "Tekhnika Molodezhi" (Technology for Youth), dated October 1989, is dedicated to the phenomenon of unidentified flying objects (UFOs) and other anomalous aerial events. The magazine presents a collection of eyewitness accounts, pilot testimonies, and brief analyses of various incidents that occurred primarily in the 1980s across the USSR.

Key Incidents and Reports

The Tallinn Incident

The issue opens with an account of an encounter involving a TU-134 aircraft. While flying near Tallinn, the crew observed a large, yellow, luminous object described as a 'cloud-like' aircraft. Air traffic controllers in Minsk and Leningrad also tracked the object. The Leningrad crew initially reported seeing nothing unusual but later 'saw' the object when given coordinates. The object was described as having a dense core and emitting a beam of light that moved across the ground. The Tallinn air traffic controller also reported seeing two additional 'marks' on radar, following the TU-134A, even though no other aircraft were present.

The Fighter Pilot's Encounter

On October 16, 1981, fighter pilot B. D. Korotkov experienced a close encounter during a training flight. At an altitude of 1300 meters, he saw a bright, fiery ball about several meters in diameter with a dark ring in the center. The object disappeared after a second, followed by a dull thud and the failure of his engines. Upon restarting, the engines worked, but the radio compass and distance counter failed. The aircraft sustained damage to its rear fuselage. The incident is speculated to be a ball lightning or UFO, with the latter being more likely due to the object's size and speed.

The Rapla Fire Anomaly

A report from January 5, 1985, details an anomalous event in the Rapla district of Estonia. A large glow, initially mistaken for a fire, spanned a distance of 60 kilometers. Firefighters were dispatched to a specific farmstead, but the 'fire' was not found there. Later, a house belonging to 78-year-old Lizzi Lipstal suddenly erupted in intense light, described as a solid flame oval. However, there was no sound or smoke, and the house was undamaged, with the owner calmly working in the kitchen. A fiery ball, orange in color, then rose from the houses and evaded pursuit by a fire truck, flying at a low altitude before disappearing over a forest.

The Petrozavodsk Train Incident

In February 1985, a train traveling from Petrozavodsk experienced a peculiar event. The driver, S. Orlov, saw a small glowing ball near the train. Unexpectedly, the train began to accelerate rapidly, despite the driver's attempts to brake. The train saved 300 kilograms of diesel fuel on this stretch. The ball then positioned itself in front of the locomotive, causing the crew to be thrown forward as if hitting an invisible obstacle. A station attendant also observed a semi-transparent ball accompanying the train. The Petroзаводск commission investigating anomalous phenomena could not definitively determine the cause, but the incident had a psychological impact on the crew and left traces on the train's speed recorder.

Kiev Hydroпарк Encounter

On July 4, 1989, two women, Vera Prokofyevna and Alexandra Semenovna, reported an encounter in Kiev's Hydroпарк. They saw three individuals in silver clothing with pale faces and large, luminous eyes. These beings claimed to be from another planet and invited the women to their ship, described as a silver barrel with an antenna. The beings stated they take one person from Earth each day. When the women pleaded not to be taken, the beings agreed to find others. The craft then departed silently and quickly, resembling a small star.

Perm Krai Sightings

In July 1989, in the Perm Krai, multiple witnesses reported seeing two unexplained luminous objects hovering about 200-300 meters above the ground. These oval, egg-shaped objects were described as being about five kilometers away. Later, several people observed similar glowing objects at an altitude of about two kilometers. Additionally, a witness named L. Medvedeva reported seeing a fast-moving dark figure with short legs and long arms that suddenly illuminated and disappeared. The figure reappeared and continued its movement.

Voronezh Park Incident

On September 27, 1989, dozens of people in a park in Voronezh witnessed a strange pink glow that transformed into a bright pink sphere, about ten meters in diameter. The sphere hovered at an altitude of 15 meters, and a hatch opened, revealing a three-eyed humanoid in a silver suit and bronze boots. Two three-meter-tall beings emerged. One of them caused a boy to freeze with a glance. The beings then re-entered their sphere and departed, only to return shortly. A three-eyed being emerged again with a tube-like device and made a 16-year-old boy disappear, who then reappeared unharmed, with no memory of the event. Local scientists identified the landing site, noting four indentations and a drilled hole, suggesting soil samples were taken.

Other Reports and Commentary

The issue also includes a report from the Estonian SSR about anomalous phenomena, noting that fiery balls are difficult to study. It discusses the term "unidentified flying object" (UFO) and the need for public participation in observing and documenting such events. The magazine mentions the existence of UFO research groups across the country and the potential for collaboration with scientific institutions. The article touches upon the hypothesis of extraterrestrial civilizations (ETCs) as a plausible, though not proven, explanation for UFOs, cautioning against jumping to conclusions.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The recurring themes in this issue are the prevalence and diversity of UFO sightings, the anomalous characteristics of these objects (speed, maneuverability, light emissions), and the impact they have on human observers and technology. The editorial stance appears to be one of open inquiry into these phenomena, presenting various accounts and expert opinions, while also maintaining a degree of scientific skepticism, particularly regarding the extraterrestrial hypothesis. The magazine encourages further investigation and documentation of these events, highlighting the need for trained observers and scientific analysis.

This issue of "Around the World" magazine, dated December 1989, delves into the phenomenon of Unidentified Flying Objects (UFOs) with a particular focus on sightings and encounters reported in the Voronezh and Saratov regions of Russia. The publication presents a collection of eyewitness accounts, newspaper clippings, and official statements, aiming to provide a comprehensive overview of the subject.

Voronezh Incident

The magazine begins by referencing eyewitness accounts and media reports that described alien visitations. It then presents an official statement from a service in Voronezh claiming no airspace violations were registered in the region at the time. However, the narrative shifts to a detailed account by V. A. Mokhov, First Secretary of the Khvorostyan District Committee of the CPSU, regarding an incident on October 24, 1989. He describes a strange, glowing, spherical object, at least 50 meters in diameter, appearing in the sky near the village of Vladimirovka. On November 4, after receiving multiple reports, Mokhov and A. M. Dobin, Chairman of the District Executive Committee, visited a field where locals claimed a UFO had landed and left a deep, unusual hole. The hole was described as elliptical, about 40-60 centimeters wide, and not like a drilled hole, but as if something had pierced the ground.

Further accounts from the Khvorostyan district include a report from V. Blinkov, First Secretary of the Khvorostyan District Committee of the Komsomol, V. Elistratov, chairman of a collective farm, and A. Spiridonov, secretary of the farm's party organization. On November 13, they witnessed a disc-shaped object hovering in the sky, emitting a bright yellow-red glow. The object descended slowly, its glow dimming, and then ascended, its glow intensifying. It had a rotating, flashing device and illuminated portholes. The object then moved rapidly in zig-zags, projecting powerful spotlights onto the ground.

UFOs and Scientific Investigation

The magazine then features insights from A. S. Kuzovkina, chairwoman of the seminar "Ecology of the Unknown" at the Academy of Sciences of the USSR. She notes that cases of UFO appearances over Vologda and the village of Konantsevo on June 6, 1989, are significant events. Kuzovkina states that the Moscow group alone has registered about 10,000 accounts of UFO encounters, with over 100,000 worldwide. She dismisses explanations involving mass hallucinations or burning satellites, emphasizing that many phenomena defy simple interpretation and require thorough analysis. The article asserts the reality of UFOs, noting they are detected by radar, cameras, and even affect technology. Attempts to intercept them with anti-aircraft guns, rockets, and military aircraft have been made, and they have been observed in space, atmosphere, on land, and underwater.

An experiment in Crimea in September 1983 is described, where tourists photographed a dark object hovering over Mount Ai-Petri, invisible to the naked eye. Photographic analysis confirmed it was a real object, not a film defect. Further experiments capturing images of the clear sky revealed objects not visible to the human eye.

Italian scientist L. Boccone's three-year study using photometers, magnetometers, and radiation detectors is also mentioned. His research documented invisible atmospheric structures with light, thermal, magnetic, and radiation properties. Their anomalous behavior suggests the possibility of 'ethereal' life forms. These complex, energetically organized entities might be intelligent beings, as UFOs often exhibit intelligent behavior.

UFOs and the Military

The article highlights that officers and soldiers from missile units frequently encounter UFOs. Their observations are often reported through official channels. One account describes a vehicle stalling, and upon investigation, a dark, silent disc moving at an altitude of approximately 200 meters, emitting beams of light. A searchlight directed at the object was immediately disabled. Another incident involved a similar object moving in the opposite direction, and the alarm system, usually reliable, did not activate.

UFOs in the Saratov Region

The magazine then shifts focus to the Saratov region, presenting several documented cases. A. P. Listratov, chairman of the anomalous phenomena section of the All-Union Astronomical-Geodetic Society (VAGO), expresses frustration with the lack of resources and official scientific interest in UFOs, stating that only enthusiasts are investigating. He notes that objects exhibit unusual behavior, changing direction sharply as if massless, and can appear and disappear. Investigations at landing sites have revealed changes in quartz generator frequency, strangely magnetized rock formations, and evidence of chemical and biological impact.

M. L. Popovich, a test pilot and president of the World Association of Women Scientists, recounts an incident where pilots suffered eye burns from unknown radiation and bone calcium loss after encountering mysterious aerial phenomena. She also recalls an AN-12 crew whose generators and instruments failed, forcing them to land in darkness. A powerful spotlight suddenly illuminated the runway, allowing a safe landing. Popovich believes humanity is not yet ready for direct contact with extraterrestrials.

Several specific incidents in the Saratov region are detailed:

• July 10, 1978, Saratov: A silver, hat-shaped object, 150-200 meters in diameter with four antenna-like protrusions, was observed for 2-2.5 minutes before moving away.
• June 22, 1978, Tatishchevo: A pale yellow, glowing object resembling a solar corona hovered at an altitude of 1.5-2 kilometers. When searchlights were directed at it, they were disabled, and the object moved away at high speed. The next day, scorch marks were found on the concrete bases of the searchlights.
• May 30, 1979, Saratov: A glowing sphere, 10-15 centimeters in diameter, moved horizontally and emitted a ring of light before disappearing.
• March 26, 1980, Saratov Airport: A cylindrical object, 35-40 meters long and 9-10 meters in diameter, was observed near the runway. It emitted flames from its rear and had a glowing cabin at the front. It was not detected by airport radar, and a departing aircraft crew refused to take off due to the object's proximity.
• October 28, 1980, airspace near Saratov: The crew of a Yak-40 aircraft (flight No. 5819-5820) encountered an unidentified object resembling a wagon with illuminated windows. The object moved at high speed, overtaking the aircraft. Another Yak-40 crew confirmed the sighting.
• December 27, 1984, Saratov: Five witnesses observed an unusual phenomenon over the Volga River: a large, circular, glowing object with three 'stars' in the center. The object, described as turquoise-blue, began to disintegrate after a few minutes.
• September 6, 1989, near Demyas village: Researchers from the Research Institute of Geology and Geophysics observed two pulsating green and white objects in the sky for 40 minutes. The green object disappeared, while the white one became brighter.

The Gagarin Mystery

The issue also touches upon the mysterious death of cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin. The official commission's conclusion was that Gagarin's fighter jet stalled after a sharp maneuver to avoid an unidentified object. However, the magazine suggests a theory that Gagarin's plane collided with a UFO, which then rapidly ascended, causing the jet to enter a spin. The exact cause of the crash remains officially unexplained.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The magazine consistently presents UFO phenomena as real and worthy of investigation, challenging official dismissals and highlighting the limitations of current scientific understanding. It emphasizes the numerous eyewitness accounts, photographic evidence, and the potential for advanced, non-terrestrial technology. The editorial stance appears to be one of open inquiry, encouraging the public to consider the possibility of extraterrestrial presence and the need for further research into these anomalous events. The recurring theme is the persistent presence of unexplained aerial phenomena across different regions and time periods, often accompanied by physical evidence or technological interference.