Stendek - Vol 12 No 42 - December 1980

Magazine Overview

Title: STENDEK
Issue: N° 42
Volume: Año XII
Date: December 1980
Publisher: CEI
Country: Spain
Language: Spanish
Cover Headline: encuentro en Rio Piedras (Encounter in Rio Piedras)

Main Article: Encounter in Rio Piedras

The central focus of this issue is a detailed account of a UAP (Unidentified Aerial Phenomenon) encounter that allegedly occurred in the early morning hours of March 3, 1980, in Rio Piedras, Puerto Rico. The report, authored by Jorge J. Martín of CIFONI, Puerto Rico, presents testimonies from multiple witnesses.

Witnesses and Initial Observations

The primary witnesses identified are the siblings Vivian (16 years old) and José Celso Cruz Rodríguez (12 years old), who reside at Calle Canales n° 148, Interior, Barrio Buen Consejo, Rio Piedras. They reported being awakened by the sound of metallic zinc sheets moving in their patio and their dogs barking insistently. Vivian investigated and observed a figure in the patio, initially suspecting a thief. However, she soon realized there were four other individuals, and their physical characteristics were abnormal.

Description of the Beings

Vivian described the beings as not being normal. She noted five individuals in total. Two were taller, approximately 5 feet tall, and slender, resembling humans more closely. The other three were smaller, about 90 cm tall, with more ordinary builds, broader chests, and arms that appeared to hang down, giving them a slightly hunched appearance, though they were not actually hunched. The taller beings wore dark, tight-fitting suits that covered them up to their heads, leaving their hands and faces exposed. Their faces were described as grey, with pointed ears and large eyes that seemed to shine in the dark. Their hands were noted as being large with webbing between the fingers, similar to a duck's.

The smaller beings were described as having bodies covered in dark, tuberous skin (like acne), except for their hands and faces. They also had long, pointed ears. Vivian observed that the taller beings seemed to exert control or hierarchy over the smaller ones.

José Celso corroborated his sister's account but stated he only observed the beings for a short time before feeling an overwhelming sense of tiredness and falling asleep. He mentioned the beings seemed to be searching for something in the patio and were interacting with the zinc sheets and chicken coops.

The Nave (Craft)

While the Cruz siblings did not report seeing a craft, Luciano Rivera, a 47-year-old neighbor, provided a detailed description of a flying object. He and a friend were resting in their car near the Marginal de la 65 de Infantería when he noticed a bright, illuminated object about 12 meters away. He described it as a "flying saucer" with three metallic supports. A large, metallic dome with windows emitted a dark orange light, and an antenna projected white light rays. Beneath the main dome was a smaller, inverted dome with an opening from which a metallic ladder descended to the ground. Rivera stated that after observing the craft, he and his friend decided to leave. As they started their car and turned on the lights, they saw five figures moving on the slope above the Cruz Rodríguez property.

Physical Traces and Effects

Vivian noted that after observing the beings for about half an hour, the beings moved towards the edge of the property and then disappeared. She also observed wet spots on the ground where the beings had been, which took time to evaporate. She mentioned that the dogs, which had been barking insistently, became unusually calm and sleepy, as did her parents and brother José, who were inside the house. Vivian herself felt a strong sense of fascination and a desire to approach the beings, but restrained herself out of caution.

One of the taller beings, described as the leader, was seen picking up a car's rearview mirror and examining it. Later, a metal plate near the chicken coop, which Doña Ana used to cover a hole, showed an imprint of a hand. This imprint, which was not there previously, was described as having strange fingers similar to those of the beings. The plate was also unusually hot to the touch.

Additional Witness Testimony (Luciano Rivera)

Luciano Rivera's account, obtained through an interpreter (José 'Timba' Rodríguez, as Rivera is mute), corroborated many details of the Cruz siblings' testimony. He stated that he and his mute friend were resting in their car around 2:50 a.m. when he saw the illuminated object. He described the beings he saw on the slope as matching the description given by the Cruz siblings, with the exception that the smaller beings had metallic medallions on their chests and waists that emitted blue and red flashes. Rivera also noted that the beings' noses appeared large and their mouths had thick lips. He emphasized that one of the taller beings appeared to be female due to certain physical details.

Rivera described the craft as approximately 25 feet in diameter and 10 feet high. He observed the beings enter the craft via the ladder. The craft then retracted its supports and ascended silently at a 45-degree angle towards the East (Luquillo), exhibiting an oscillating movement, which he noted is a known UFO phenomenon.

Possible Connections and Theories

The article explores potential connections to other unexplained phenomena. The beings' interest in the chickens and a goat leads the author to question if they might be related to the 'Vampiro de Moca' (Vampire of Moca) phenomenon, which occurred in Puerto Rico in 1975 and involved unexplained animal mutilations, with victims found drained of blood and organs without any apparent cause. CEOVNI (a research group) had previously suggested a link between UFOs and these events. The issue also mentions recent similar incidents in Cidra and Cayey, where 18 chickens were found completely drained of blood.

The article notes that the metal plate with the handprint imprint has been secured for analysis. It also discusses the possibility that the beings' objective was to be seen, questioning why they appeared in a populated area. The advanced technology of the beings is implied, with a question raised about whether our current technology is insufficient to detect certain energies.

Historical Context: The Meteor of Aigle

This issue also features an excerpt from a report by Jean-Baptiste Biot, published in the Memoirs of the French Institute in 1806. Biot was commissioned by the Minister of the Interior to investigate a meteor observed near Aigle, France, on April 25, 1799 (6 floréal, year 11). The report details Biot's journey to gather testimonies and examine physical evidence related to the meteor, which was described as a fiery globe that exploded in the air. Biot's investigation aimed to confirm the reality of meteorites falling to Earth, a concept that was met with skepticism at the time.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The magazine STENDEK appears to focus on UFO and UAP phenomena, unexplained events, and historical mysteries. The editorial stance seems to be one of open inquiry, presenting witness testimonies and investigative findings without definitive conclusions, but often hinting at the extraordinary nature of the events. There is a clear interest in connecting contemporary sightings with historical accounts and unexplained phenomena like animal mutilations. The publication aims to inform its readers about these subjects, encouraging further investigation and consideration of possibilities beyond conventional explanations. The inclusion of a historical meteor case suggests a broader interest in atmospheric and celestial phenomena that challenge established scientific understanding.

This issue of 'informe' focuses on a significant wave of UFO sightings across Argentina, primarily on February 11, 1980, with the main article titled 'OVNIS SOBRE EL CIELO ARGENTINO' by Diego Fuentes Madrid of CEI. The issue details numerous witness accounts from various provinces, including La Rioja, Río Negro, Mendoza, and Neuquén, describing a variety of aerial phenomena.

Key Sightings and Testimonies

The article begins with the account of Carlos Vommaro, a young Argentine who experienced a blackout after observing a bright object on the night of February 11, 1980. His experience is presented as one of the most singular events of that night.

Several days prior to the main wave, on February 9th, citizens in Chepes (La Rioja) reported seeing a large white luminous object shaped like a disc, accompanied by smaller objects forming a triangle that moved at high speed. The following night, February 10th, a witness named Juan Lucero, near Chepes, reported a similar brilliant disc-shaped object emerging from salt flats, also forming a triangle formation.

The peak of sightings occurred on February 11th, with a true "deluge of news" across Argentina. Mario Benito Caponetto, traveling on Route 22 between Villa Regina and General Roca (Río Negro), observed a quadrangular light that maintained a constant position relative to his vehicle for 20 minutes before disappearing. This experience left the Caponetto family with a sense of unease, and Mr. Caponetto reported persistent back pain.

Other significant sightings detailed include:

• Barrealito: A group of about twenty people described a round object with flashing lights, forming a triangle.
• Tamberias: Amado Pujado reported seeing a large, luminous object moving southwest and disappearing behind a mountain range.
• Calingasta: Multiple witnesses observed an object maneuvering silently, with descriptions consistent with those from Tamberias and Barrealito.
• Chamical (La Rioja): Around 200 people witnessed a triangular object with celestial luminosity and red hues, leaving a trail that circled a mountain range.
• Cervantes (Río Negro): Residents reported a flying object emitting a strong light ray, described as a luminous ball with a red-pale tone.
• Ahilinco, Chos Malal (Neuquén): Thirty-two people witnessed an object with two intense light rays forming a triangle, which evolved and then disappeared.
• El Medano (Catamarca): Dr. Guillermo Edmundo Martínez and his family observed a large orange ball surrounded by luminous beams of various colors, with three rays emanating from it.

Pichi Neuquén (Neuquén) - Type I Sightings:

The issue also delves into earlier sightings in 1968 in Pichi Neuquén, Neuquén province, involving members of the Gendarmería Nacional. These incidents, occurring in a mountainous and inaccessible area, included:

• December 28, 1967: A powerful white light hovered over a Gendarmería building and then settled on a nearby hill. Several Gendarmería personnel witnessed this.
• Subsequent days: Similar luminous phenomena were observed, with colors varying from red to white.
• January 23, 1968: Gendarmería personnel witnessed a powerful, large, and color-changing luminosity near the El Funicular hill. The object disappeared after shots were fired into the air.
• Sargent Ramos's testimony: He reported prior observations of similar glows and a red incandescent ball moving at high speed and low altitude over the barracks.

Other Neuquén Sightings:

• Copahue (Neuquén): On January 23rd, a luminous object was observed by a group including members of the Argentine Army. It remained stationary for three hours before departing at high speed without noise. Inspection revealed flattened vegetation over a 180-meter diameter area.
• Pichi Neuquén: On January 30th, a circular luminous object with an orange-yellow color and a diameter of one meter was observed.
• Chos Malal (Neuquén): Several sightings are detailed, including:
• July 17-18, 1968: Three unidentified objects were seen. One object, described as circular with intense blue light and a luminous trail, moved regularly before disappearing behind hills.
• July 17-18, 1968: Three objects, described as luminous discs of reddish color, were observed stationary for 20-30 minutes.
• August: A Gendarmería patrol observed a reddish luminous object with a mushroom-like protuberance, which moved erratically before disappearing. The observation lasted 8 minutes.
• July 16, 1968 (Los Menucos): A luminous object crossed the path of a Gendarmería vehicle, moving slowly and then descending vertically.
• September 6, 1968: A large light, varying from red to orange and sometimes silver, was observed over a hill. The object, estimated to be five kilometers away, moved for two hours, changing shape from round to ovoid when flashing. The intensity of the guardhouse's electric light fluctuated during the observation.

Potential Electromagnetic Effects:

The article highlights two cases involving potential electromagnetic effects. One involved a Gendarmería vehicle losing power and advancing with difficulty on a slope during a sighting. Another case, on September 6, 1968, noted fluctuations in the electrical lighting system of the Gendarmería guardhouse coinciding with the UFO's appearance.

Chilean Sighting:

On February 12th, a strange phenomenon was reported in Santiago, Chile. A large flying object was observed over the sky and then landed gently on the Pacific Ocean. After ten minutes, it ascended rapidly, leaving a smoke trail that lasted over two hours.

Analysis and Conclusion:

The author suggests that the numerous sightings across Argentina might represent a "night raid" by one or more UFOs, given the apparent consistency in details despite some witness subjectivity. The article notes the common appearance of "solid light" or "compact rays" phenomena associated with UFOs. It concludes by stating that new reports continue to emerge from various Argentine cities, and that the Argentine Air Force has initiated an official investigation. The author muses on why UFOs are attracted to Argentina and suggests that humanity's own fascination with UFOs might be a contributing factor.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The recurring themes in this issue are the widespread and diverse UFO sightings across Argentina in early February 1980, with specific attention paid to the events of February 11th. The editorial stance appears to be one of serious reporting and documentation of these phenomena, presenting witness testimonies and official information without overt skepticism. The inclusion of historical cases from 1968 in Neuquén and a sighting in Chile broadens the scope of the UFO phenomenon being discussed. The magazine actively solicits reader contributions for its archives, indicating a commitment to collecting and investigating UFO-related news.

This issue of "Mundo Desconocido" (Unknown World) focuses on the Imjärvi case, a significant UFO sighting that occurred in Finland. The magazine delves into the details of the encounter, the subsequent medical and psychological effects on the witnesses, and the scientific investigations undertaken to understand the phenomenon. The issue highlights the challenges in definitively explaining such events and explores various expert opinions.

The Imjärvi Case: The Encounter

The central event, dated January 7, 1970, involved two Finnish men, Aarno Heinonen (a 36-year-old forest ranger) and Esko Viljo (a 38-year-old farmer), who were skiing in a forest near Imjärvi. At approximately 4:45 PM, they observed a luminous mist that grew in intensity and descended towards them. Described as a reddish-gray mist, it enveloped a metallic, round object approximately 3 meters in diameter, with three equidistant semi-spheres and a central tube. The object hovered silently before descending further, stopping about 3-4 meters above the ground.

A beam of light emanated from the central tube, forming a red circle on the snow. The mist then dissipated, revealing the object more clearly. The witnesses described a smaller disc, about 15 cm in diameter, appearing briefly before disappearing. During this phase, Heinonen reported feeling as if he were pushed backward.

The Appearance of a Strange Being

Following the main event, a strange being appeared in the beam of light. Described as approximately 90 cm tall, extremely thin with long arms and legs, and a waxy face, it was holding a black box with a pulsating yellowish light emanating from a hole. The being wore a light green suit and dark green boots. Its fingers were described as claw-like. The being's appearance was brief, lasting only 15-20 seconds before it vanished inexplicably.

Pathological Effects on the Witnesses

The encounter had significant and prolonged health consequences for both Heinonen and Viljo. They experienced a range of physical and psychological symptoms, which were attributed to exposure to an unknown ionizing radiation.

Aarno Heinonen's Symptoms:

Within minutes of the mist dissipating, Heinonen felt a loss of sensation in the right side of his body, particularly his right leg, which became numb and immobile. He also suffered from stiffness, difficulty breathing, severe headaches, and joint pain. Upon returning home, he experienced nausea and vomiting for over a month, and his urine became dark and alarming for two weeks.

Esko Viljo's Symptoms:

Viljo initially appeared to resist the effects better but soon developed unusual symptoms. His face became slightly swollen with an unusual reddish tone. He experienced difficulty maintaining balance, requiring him to walk with legs spread wider than normal. He also reported a feeling of cold despite no fever, and his equilibrium worsened.

Medical Consultations and Investigations

Both men sought medical attention. Heinonen visited the Hospital of Heinola, where Dr. Pauli Kajanoja examined him. Heinonen reported severe headaches and joint pain, but did not detail the encounter. He was diagnosed with significant hypotension, indicating shock. Viljo also consulted Dr. Kajanoja, receiving sedatives.

Over the following days and weeks, their conditions persisted and evolved. Heinonen's symptoms included a strong heat sensation in his lower extremities, and his equilibrium deteriorated further. Viljo's eyes became sensitive to light, with swollen eyelids and conjunctivitis. Both continued to experience a range of ailments, baffling the medical professionals.

Scientific Analysis and Expert Opinions

Investigator Suen Olof Fredrikson played a key role in documenting and analyzing the case. He consulted with Dr. Pauli Kajanoja, who believed the witnesses had suffered a severe shock, describing their condition as "very real" and not a conscious fraud. Dr. Kajanoja noted the parallel to symptoms of strong exposure to radioactivity but found the sudden onset unusual. He also found the dark urine disconcerting.

Fredrikson also obtained an official opinion from the Department of Atomic Chemistry at Chalmers University in Gothenburg regarding soil samples from the observation site. Three tests for radioactivity yielded negative results.

Professor Matti Tuuri of Helsinki University suggested the possibility of an electrical discharge as a cause for the witnesses' symptoms. The magazine also references opinions that the light observed was not ultraviolet due to its color and ability to penetrate clothing, suggesting a shorter wavelength like X-rays.

Corroborating Testimonies

The observation by Heinonen and Viljo was supported by testimonies from two other individuals. Alna Siitari, the wife of a farmer living in Paistjärvi, reported seeing a strange light in the same direction. Another witness, the son of a woodcutter from Paaso, also observed a luminous phenomenon towards the south.

An earlier observation from February 1969 by Matti Komtulainer, a 16-year-old resident of Imjärvi, is also mentioned. He described a very bright light crossing the forest, intense enough to be like looking at the sun.

Expert Interpretations and Parallels

The article discusses various interpretations of the case. The Professor Stig Lund-Qvist from the University of Uppsala stated that the phenomenon did not appear to be related to atmospheric electrostatic charges or ball lightning. The magazine notes that the case has been subject to misinterpretations in the press, with some suggesting it was a high-tension charge.

Luis Hernández Franc, writing in the "Investigación" section, emphasizes the need for objective evidence in ufology, distinguishing between phenomena that are clearly identifiable and those that remain mysterious. He acknowledges the subjective nature of witness testimonies but asserts that UFOs represent a reality beyond mere fantasy.

The article draws parallels between the Imjärvi case and other UFO encounters, such as the obsession of Heinonen fearing Viljo, reminiscent of the Javier Bosque case. It also compares the visual descriptions of the light beam to those reported in other sightings, like the one at Pantano de Gabriel y Galán.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The magazine adopts a serious and investigative approach to the Imjärvi case, presenting detailed witness accounts, medical findings, and scientific analyses. The editorial stance appears to be that UFO phenomena are real and warrant serious investigation, even if definitive explanations remain elusive. The article highlights the psychological and physical toll such encounters can take on individuals and underscores the ongoing mystery surrounding unidentified aerial phenomena. The recurring theme is the persistent enigma of UFOs and the challenges in reconciling extraordinary experiences with conventional scientific understanding.

This issue of "Investigación" (Investigation) from March 1975, Volume 23, Issue 5, published by APRO, focuses on the phenomenon of paralysis experienced during UFO encounters. The main cover headline is "PARALISIS, EL ARBOL QUE OCULTA EL BOSQUE" (Paralysis, The Tree That Hides The Forest), with an article by Jean-Luc Jorion (Detector SIDIP) and another by Richard Niemtzow.

Article: "PARALISIS, EL ARBOL QUE OCULTA EL BOSQUE" by Jean-Luc Jorion

This article explores the physiological and psychological effects of UFO encounters, specifically focusing on paralysis. Jorion begins by differentiating between unidentified flying objects (UFOs) and identified flying objects (OVNIs), emphasizing that not all unidentified lights are extraterrestrial craft. He lists several common explanations for sightings, including psychological factors, atmospheric phenomena (like zodiacal light and auroras), celestial bodies (Venus, moon, meteors), optical illusions, balloons, aircraft, and even hoaxes.

Jorion then delves into the problem of paralysis, citing a study by Francis Windey and Guy Vanackeren from "Inforespace." He introduces the concept of paralysis as a potential indicator of the UFO phenomenon. The study analyzes 69 cases of paralysis and their correlation with distance from the object. Two main types of paralysis are proposed:

1. Voluntary Paralysis: This is described as an offensive action by humanoids or a defensive action to establish unwanted contact, possibly involving a portable weapon emitting a focused ray. Paralysis is immediate.
2. Automatic Paralysis: This is seen as a facet of a force field with diversified effects around the artifact. Paralysis is progressive and often accompanied by electromagnetic phenomena like the stoppage of vehicles and clocks.

Jorion presents two graphs illustrating the relationship between the number of paralysis cases and distance. Graph 1 shows a curve that doesn't immediately display a reduction with distance but can be divided into five successive peaks. Graph 2, derived from these peaks, shows a reduction in cases with distance. For voluntary paralysis, Graph 3 suggests a danger threshold around 38 meters, beyond which a witness risks paralysis from a weapon. A single case at 80 meters is noted as an exceptional testimony of abnormal ufonaut behavior.

Automatic paralysis (Graph 4) presents a different curve, described as "pi-gaussiana," with peaks at 30m and 150m, and a minimum at 90m. The threshold of the paralyzing force field is said to vary with external circumstances like landing location and distance to witnesses.

Jorion concludes that the distinct curves for voluntary and automatic paralysis provide evidence for their existence as separate phenomena. He also touches upon the characteristics of the objects and potential neurological mechanisms involved, promising further discussion in future articles.

Sociological and Chronological Data

An analysis of paralysis cases from temporal, spatial, and sociological viewpoints is presented. Witnesses range in age from 4 to 78, with a median of 32. The majority are male (87%) and often from lower socioeconomic backgrounds. About 45% of observations involve multiple witnesses, but only 23% of cases have multiple paralyzed witnesses.

Chronologically, 1954 and 1968 are noted as significant years for cases. October sees the highest number of cases, while June has the fewest. The peak hours for paralysis are around 7:45 PM and 10:30 PM, with 84% of cases occurring between 7 PM and 5 AM.

Spatially, Europe accounts for 67% of cases, followed by South America (22%) and North America (11%). France alone accounts for 52% of cases, attributed to information availability. A significant majority (61%) of cases occur in isolated rural areas.

Ufological Data

Regarding the objects and their occupants, the study notes that humanoids are typically between 0.80 and 1.40 meters tall, with an average of two beings per craft. Objects are often described as spherical, cigar-shaped, discoidal, or oval, among other shapes. The majority of cases involve at least two occupants.

Article: "PARALISIS Y ENCUENTROS CERCANOS OVNI" by Richard Niemtzow

This article, translated from APRO Bulletin, provides a clinical overview of paralysis in close UFO encounters. Niemtzow emphasizes that this paralysis is distinct from fear-induced immobility.

Clinical Sketch of Paralysis

• Reported symptoms include:
• Skin: Burns (first degree).
• Head: Headache, dizziness.
• Eyes: Temporary blindness, inflammation, pain.
• Ears: Perception of sound.
• Nose: Perception of smell.
• Mouth/Throat: Paralysis, muteness.
• Endocrine System: Difficult to evaluate.
• Hematological System: Pathological if atomic radiation exceeds 100 Rem.
• Arms/Legs: Paralysis, but subjects do not fall.
• Respiration: Difficulty breathing.
• Cardiovascular: Normal.
• Nervous System: Cognition, sensitivity, and intellect remain intact. Reports of parapsychological manifestations like telepathy exist. Motor function is impaired, with no capacity to control motor actions. Sensory faculties (sight, smell, hearing) are intact.

Evolution of Paralysis

The witness survives, and the paralysis disappears through an unknown, reversible pathological process without lasting effects. Niemtzow states that paralysis is a symptom, not a disease, and easily distinguishable from common causes like stroke or spinal cord injuries.

Neurological Considerations

The article discusses the types and functions of nerve fibers. It suggests that in UFO paralysis, fibers of types Aα, B, and A appear to be affected. The hypothesis is that an unknown field (electromagnetic?) focalizes and interferes with neuronal ion concentrations or membrane permeability, leading to despolarizations that affect the giant cells of the cerebral cortex. This, in turn, could trigger motor neuron excitation and muscle contraction. The article also explores the role of inhibitory interneurons and Renshaw cells in this process.

Other Hypotheses

• Hypnosis: While some cases might involve hypnosis, it's considered a less frequent explanation.
• Fear: Fear can cause tension, but in many paralysis cases, the body relaxes completely, and muscles become unresponsive. This "startle pattern" reaction, where the person remains conscious (cataplexy), is considered only applicable to very brief paralysis episodes.

Niemtzow concludes that while the proposed neurological mechanism is complex, it may be a simplified model. The remaining unexplained aspects might stem from our limited understanding of the brain's intricate functions rather than the complexity of the paralyzing effect itself.

Editorial Stance and Recurring Themes

This issue strongly suggests that UFO phenomena, particularly paralysis, are real and warrant serious scientific investigation. The articles differentiate between genuine UFO cases and misidentifications, advocating for a rigorous, scientific approach to ufology. The recurring theme is the exploration of the physical and psychological effects of UFO encounters, aiming to demystify the phenomenon through detailed analysis of case studies and potential scientific explanations. The publication encourages reader participation by requesting reports of observations. The overall tone is analytical and investigative, seeking to provide a rational framework for understanding UFO-related events.

This issue of 'investigación' (Volume XI, Issue 39, March 1980) focuses on the phenomenon of Unidentified Flying Objects (UFOs), with a primary article by Angel Alberto Díaz detailing "Massive Observations of Luminous Objects" in Argentina. The magazine also features reviews of several key ufology books, an updated census of UFO landing cases in the Iberian Peninsula, and a letter to the editor discussing a symposium on UFOs.

Massive Observations of Luminous Objects

Angel Alberto Díaz presents a statistical study of seven mass UFO sightings in Argentina between 1962 and 1978. These observations spanned vast geographical areas, involving multiple witnesses. The study aims to analyze the characteristics of these phenomena. The article details seven specific cases, including their dates, times, durations, and the provinces or regions affected, along with the observed directions of trajectory.

• Key findings from the study include:
• Affected Zones: Two types of "affected zones" were identified: "wide" zones (720-1,100 km) and "narrow" zones (130-240 km), with similar lengths (830-1,300 km).
• Directions: Trajectories predominantly headed East (66.6%), with a significant portion (25%) directed North-South. The SE quadrant was the most common direction (50%).
• Altitudes: Higher altitudes were reported for "wide" zones (75-130 km) and lower for "narrow" zones (10-19 km).
• Velocities: Reported velocities were lower for "wide" zones (2,600 km/h) and higher for "narrow" zones (4,880-6,470 km/h).
• Object Types: Single objects were more common than groups.
• Color and Speed: A tendency towards more colors was observed with lower calculated velocities, while higher velocities showed fewer colors.
• Trails: Objects almost always possessed luminous trails.
• Correlation with UFO Waves: Most sightings coincided with Argentine UFO waves.
• Meteor Showers: Some sightings showed chronological overlap with meteor showers.
• Object Count: The maximum number of objects per sighting location was higher for bearings between 35° and 130°.
• Manifestations: Strange manifestations were more frequent with lower calculated velocities and in the SE-S.SE quadrants.

Object Characteristics: The "average" object is described as red (9), blue (5), orange (4), yellow (3), violet (3), white (2), and green (1). Its profile is typically circular, sometimes elliptical. It may have forward lights or a dome. The trails are red (4), white (2), orange (2), or blue (1). Objects can be single or in groups, often in "V" formations or parallel rows. Trajectories are usually continuous, with occasional changes in course or stops. Single objects are described as red (10), blue (6), white (4), yellow (4), green (3), orange (2), and violet (1), with circular or elliptical profiles, sometimes with forward or superior/inferior lights, or a dome. Trails are red (4), blue (2), white (2), orange (1), green (1), or rarely multi-lobed. They rarely exist without a trail. Trajectories are continuous, with occasional course changes or stops. Detentions are more frequent than in groups. They rarely detach from others, and very rarely land.

Meteoroids and Earth Orbiting Artifacts: The article briefly touches upon meteors, meteorites, and human-made objects entering the atmosphere, noting their similarities and differences in effects compared to UFOs.

Book Reviews

The magazine features reviews of several significant books on ufology:

• "UFO Phenomena and the Behavioral Scientist" edited by Richard F. Haines (1979): This collection of works by sociologists, psychologists, psychiatrists, and physiologists analyzes factors influencing the reliability of UFO reports. It is divided into four sections: cultural factors, testimonial factors, information factors, and UFO research data and theory. The book offers a variety of viewpoints and interpretations.

• "Observing UFOs: An Investigative Handbook" by Richard F. Haines (1980): This book emphasizes understanding human perceptual capabilities and limitations to better assess UFO observations. It covers techniques for gathering and evaluating witness testimonies, human visual field, aerial object observation, angular and temporal measurements, light phenomena, and surface reflections. It is considered essential for field investigators.

• "Le Noeud Gordien ou la Fantastique Histoire des OVNIS" by Thierry Pinvidic (1979): This work provides a detailed historical exposition of UFOs, including aspects of the Condon Committee, the CIA, and the French official treatment of the UFO problem. It also explores methodological considerations and theories on the nature of UFOs, though the reviewer notes a tendency towards speculation regarding psychic components and archetypal symbolism.

• "The New Soviet Psychic Discoveries" by Henry Gris and William Dick (1979): This review focuses on the second part of the book, which discusses Soviet UFO research. It covers the history of a committee organized by General Stolyarov and Professor Felix Zigel, the Academy of Sciences' stance, and interviews with Zigel, historian Alexander Kazantsev, scientist Y.M. Medvedev, and Yuri A. Fomin.

• "THE DYFED ENIGMA: UNIDENTIFIED FLYING OBJECTS IN WEST WALES" by Randall Jones Pugh and F. W. Holiday (1979): This monograph examines a UFO wave in West Wales in late 1977. The authors conducted extensive surveys of witnesses and present the data as a record of conversations. They suggest that UFO phenomena might be associated with "supra-dimensions" and "elemental beings" rather than extraterrestrial craft.

• "EXTRATERRESTRIAL ENCOUNTER: A PERSONAL PERSPECTIVE" by Chris Boyce (1979): While primarily about exobiology, this book includes a chapter on UFOs. Boyce argues that if UFOs were extraterrestrial, their physical characteristics would be inconsistent with extreme accelerations. The book also features a section by astronomer Duncan Lunan.

"Manifiesto OVNI" Commentary

Alberto Adell Sabatés reviews Sebastián Robiu Lamarche's "Manifiesto OVNI." The book is described as a singular and valuable document offering a comprehensive history of UFO casuistry in the Antilles, starting from an 1842 earthquake. Lamarche's work is praised for its chronological accounts, detailed cataloging, and statistical analysis. The review highlights the book's effort to demystify folklore and legends associated with the region, while also noting parallels between human imagination and supposed alien behavior. The reviewer finds the book important for its panoramic content and unique case studies.

Updated Census of UFO Landing Cases in the Iberian Peninsula

Vicente-Juan Ballester Olmos reports on the ongoing compilation of a new catalog of UFO landing cases in the Iberian Peninsula. This updated catalog aims to be more comprehensive than previous ones, incorporating reinvestigated cases, improved structure, and new data. The project is seeking contributions from UFO enthusiasts and researchers with cases prior to 1968. The goal is to achieve a more accurate understanding of the "Type-1" phenomenon in Spain and Portugal.

Letter to the Editor

Dr. Willy Smith writes to Pedro Redón Trabal regarding a symposium in Washington D.C. attended by UFO researchers like Hynek, Hendry, Maccabee, Klass, Obert, and Scheaffer. Smith criticizes Klass's skeptical stance, suggesting it is financially motivated rather than based on a lack of belief in UFOs. He praises Hendry's performance at the symposium.

Hypotheses: Meteoritic vs. UFO

A comparison of elements and relations related to UFO cases suggests that 50% support a meteoritic origin, while 84.2% support a UFO origin. The analysis indicates that UFO cases should be categorized as such, especially considering their "strangeness indices."

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The magazine consistently explores UFO phenomena through statistical analysis, case studies, and critical reviews of research and literature. The editorial stance appears to favor a serious, scientific approach to ufology, encouraging detailed investigation and the demystification of folklore. There is an emphasis on the need for more rigorous observation and analysis to understand the phenomenon. The publication promotes the idea that ufology is evolving into a recognized field of study.

This document is page 49 of the magazine STENDEK, a publication focused on ufology and related phenomena. The content consists primarily of reader contributions, requests, and announcements, highlighting community engagement and information sharing within the UFO research field.

Columna del Lector (Reader's Column)

The 'Columna del Lector' section is a central feature, presenting various requests and information from readers:

• CIFO Inauguration in Vigo: The establishment of the 'Centro Investigador del Fenómeno OVNI' (CIFO) in Vigo is announced. This center aims to be regional, advising interested groups and investigating UFO phenomena throughout Galicia, with the goal of informing the public about the current state of ufology. It will utilize research groups and correspondents. For information or interest, inquiries can be directed to CIFO-José Mª Ramiro, c/ Canceleiro, 17, 4º B, Vigo (Telephone: 21 72 50).

• Seeking Back Issues of STENDEK: A reader is looking to purchase back issues of STENDEK, specifically requesting the July 1971 extraordinary issue. They are willing to pay a good price for items in good condition and can be contacted at José Vicente Alós Rodrigo, c/ Teruel, 2 16ª, Valencia-8.

• Doctoral Thesis Research: A request is made for photocopies or original articles related to UFOs, psychology, and psychiatry for a doctoral thesis. Contact is to be made with Antonio M. Baragiola at c/ Infanta Mercedes de San Martín, 676, 5500 Mendoza, Argentina.

• Contact for Canary Islands UFO Research: A reader seeks to connect with groups or individuals interested in investigating UFO phenomena in the Canary Islands. The request emphasizes seriousness and an objective approach to researching cases from these provinces. Contact: José Vicente Alós Rodrigo, c/ Teruel, 2 16°, Valencia-8.

• Acquisition of 'Los Humanoides' and STENDEK Issues: A reader wishes to acquire the book 'Los Humanoides' by Ediciones Pomaire and all issues of STENDEK from 1 to 8. Contact: Joan Fernández Peris, c/ Músico Hipólito Martínez, 11, 11°, Valencia-20.

• Request for Press Clippings: An appeal is made for press clippings or photocopies of articles about UFOs, including the newspaper title and date. Contact: Paolo Zerbato, Lagasca, 8, Madrid-1.

SE BUSCAN ENCUESTADORES VOLUNTARIOS (Volunteer Investigators Wanted)

This section calls for volunteer investigators to assist in researching UFO landing incidents in the provinces of Madrid, Huelva, Segovia, Tarragona, Granada, and Córdoba. The investigation focuses on cases prior to 1968. Interested readers from these provinces are urged to contact Vicente Juan Ballester Olmos (Guardia Civil, 9, Valencia-20) to share information that will aid in their research efforts.

TELEX-OVNI: Nuevo Servicio Informativo del C.E.I.

This section introduces 'TELEX-OVNI', a new information service from the 'Centro de Estudios Interplanetarios' (CEI). It is described as a bimonthly bulletin compiling news about UFO sightings published in the international press.

• Subscription: The annual subscription fee is 300 pesetas. Subscriptions can be made by sending the amount in cash, a bank check (payable to STENDEK-CEI), or a postal order to STENDEK-CEI, Apartado 282, Barcelona.
• International Shipping: Shipments to America and Europe will incur an additional charge due to airmail.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The issue strongly emphasizes community involvement and the dissemination of information within the ufology community. The 'Reader's Column' serves as a platform for individuals to connect, share research interests, and seek specific resources. The introduction of the TELEX-OVNI service further underscores the magazine's commitment to keeping its readership informed about global UFO news. The overall stance appears to be one of active promotion and facilitation of UFO research and information exchange among enthusiasts and investigators.