Stendek - Vol 11 No 40 - June 1980

Magazine Overview

This issue of STENDEK, a C.E.I. informational service, is dated June 1980, Volume XI, Issue 40. The cover features artwork depicting a winding road with a scooter rider and two humanoid figures in the distance, under the headline "HUMANOIDES EN JEREZ". The magazine is published by STENDEK C.E.I. and printed by "Ratlles" in Barcelona.

Editorial: Primicia vs. Objetividad

The editorial, penned by Prof. Oscar Galindez, strongly advocates for a rigorous and objective approach to journalism, particularly concerning ufological events. It criticizes the pursuit of 'primicias' (scoops) at the expense of accuracy and depth. Galindez argues that UFO phenomena are complex physical anomalies requiring methodical investigation, involving multiple technical and scientific disciplines. He illustrates this with an example of analyzing a UFO landing, which would require input from botanists, physicists, chemists, photographers, physicians, and psychiatrists. The editorial emphasizes that while other journalistic fields might reconcile seriousness with speed, ufology demands patience and detailed analysis to avoid disseminating mere rumors, which degrade the field, whereas investigation elevates it.

Article: Study of the Photographs of the Two Moons of Barcelona

This article, authored by F. Louange (ESA) and J.L. Casero (ESA), translated from French by J. Palacio, presents a detailed analysis of two photographs (Diapositives A and B) taken in Barcelona, reportedly showing two luminous objects, one of which is identified as the moon. The study aimed to determine if the objects were identical and to explore various hypotheses. The analysis, using microscopic examination and color filtering, concluded that the two luminous objects in both original diapositives were indeed the same, exhibiting identical characteristics and appearing to be photographed from the same location.

• Several hypotheses were examined and rejected:
• Multiple Exposure: Ruled out due to the impossibility of unintentional multiple exposures with the equipment used and the uniform grain distribution on the film.
• Optical Reflection: Rejected because a symmetrical secondary image was not observed, the object's contour was circular/elliptical rather than pentagonal (as expected from a diaphragm), and the chromatic composition of the object's light differed from the moon's.
• Atmospheric Reflection: Considered unlikely due to the clear sky and the object's consistent appearance despite positional changes.
• Atmospheric Lens Effect: Dismissed because the object maintained its appearance despite significant changes in its relative position to the moon, which would not be expected from a localized atmospheric lens.

The study accepted the hypothesis of a "flying object" emitting its own energy. The object was determined to be below a cloud, not conventional (e.g., star, planet, meteor, satellite, aircraft light), and appeared as a non-reflective, non-transmissive source of energy. The conclusion was that the object, not identifiable with conventional phenomena, should be cataloged as a UFO.

Article: A UFO of American Manufacture

This article by Diego Fuentes Madrid (C.E.I.) investigates a UFO sighting that occurred on May 26, 1979. Chilean Air Force instructor pilot Danilo Catalan Farias, flying an F-5 near Antofagasta, Chile, was alerted by ground control to an unidentified aircraft. Catalan intercepted the object, which appeared larger than a normal aircraft on his radar and was traveling at 0.92 Mach at approximately 33,000 feet. Upon closing to within 10 miles, he observed a nebulous dark mass, described as a black triangle with two small tails. The object then executed a violent maneuver, accelerating to an estimated 3 Mach, which was confirmed by radar. The pilot could not identify the object.

The article proposes that the description and flight characteristics of the object closely match those of the American SR-71 reconnaissance aircraft, the "Black Bird." The SR-71, known for its speed (Mach 3+), stealth capabilities (appearing as a nebulous mass), and distinctive shape, is discussed in detail, including its operational history and performance. The article suggests that Catalan's inability to identify the object might be due to its sophisticated nature or the pilot's agitated state. The radar confirmation of its speed and the visual description strongly support the SR-71 identification, thereby re-contextualizing the event from a potential UFO encounter to a possible misidentification of a highly advanced aircraft.

Other Content

The issue also includes a list of STENDEK-CEI delegates in various countries (England, Mexico, USA, Argentina, USSR, France, Poland, Austria, Puerto Rico), a technical panel, accredited field investigators by CEI, and a section for reader contributions to the CEI archive. The technical details of the Barcelona photographs mention ORWOCHROME UT 18 film and an ASAHI PENTAX MX camera with a 50mm f/1.7 lens.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The recurring themes in this issue are the investigation of UFO sightings and the importance of scientific objectivity in reporting such phenomena. The editorial stance, clearly articulated by Prof. Oscar Galindez, is strongly in favor of methodical, evidence-based research over sensationalism. The magazine aims to provide a serious platform for ufological analysis, distinguishing between verifiable data and mere speculation or rumor. The article on the Barcelona photographs exemplifies this by meticulously ruling out various hypotheses before accepting the UFO conclusion, while the article on the Chilean sighting demonstrates an attempt to provide a rational explanation for a reported UFO event by identifying it with known advanced technology.

This issue of Stendek magazine, dated December 1979 (Issue 38), focuses on unexplained aerial phenomena (UAP) and related encounters, primarily featuring cases from Spain and drawing parallels to international incidents. The content includes detailed witness testimonies, technical analyses, and discussions on the credibility of reports.

Analysis of Chilean Encounter

The first article, authored by Diego Fuentes Madrid of the C.E.I., discusses a potential UAP encounter involving Chilean pilots, possibly mistaking an SR-71 reconnaissance aircraft for an unknown object. The author explores several possibilities: pilot error due to lack of preparation, deliberate misidentification for political reasons (citing the delicate political situation and recent tensions with the US over the Letelier case, and China's arms sales to Chile), or a calculated demonstration of control. The article questions the SR-71's reported low altitude and the F-5's ability to engage it, concluding that while the object might not have been an SR-71, the case remains doubtful and warrants critical analysis before classifying it as a UAP.

OVNI CERCA DE RIAÑO (León)

This report, by José Luis Caso of CEI and the Council of Consultants, details an incident on December 31, 1978. A couple, Sr. A. and Sra. R., driving near Riaño, León, observed a powerful, distant light. Initially dismissed as related to the nearby dam, the light began to move and approach their car. At one point, the object descended to a low altitude, illuminating the car's interior. Sr. A. considered firing a shotgun but refrained, fearing it might be a military aircraft. The object then ascended slightly and maintained a position ahead of the car, maintaining a speed of 40-80 km/h. It followed the car for about 20 km, adapting its course to the road and valley. The object had an elongated shape, approximately 15x15 meters, with two intense white lights underneath, described as similar to 'bars on stoves'. The witnesses noted the complete absence of sound and a strange coldness felt by Sra. R., who was frightened, while Sr. A. remained calm. The observation lasted about half an hour. The report includes a technical assessment of the case, evaluating its strangeness and credibility, ultimately deeming it acceptable as true and classifying it as a 'night light' (NL) or possibly a Type IV encounter due to the proximity and lack of definitive landing evidence.

Appendices and Related Cases

The report on the Riaño incident includes an appendix noting other UAP sightings in Asturias on the same day (December 31, 1978). It mentions reports from the Macizo del Sueve, a sighting by Angel Luis Estrada Menéndez at Pico San Martín (classified as NL), and another by Mónica Miranda Rodriguez and her parents, who observed two discs, one of which emitted a beam of light. The author also references similar cases from other publications, including one from Ballester Olmos's book 'OVNIs: El Fenómeno Aterrizaje' and an article in Stendek itself.

AVISTAMIENTO EN SAN JUAN DE LA PEÑA (Huesca)

This section, attributed to Colectivo LAU, describes an event on May 31, 1977, involving Doña Paquita Tello and her daughter Victoria, who were collecting laundry at their forest house near San Juan de la Peña, Huesca. They noticed a strange, luminous cloud-like formation below the full moon. While the mother described it as red-orange, the daughter recalled it as bright silver. Three identical objects, described as similar to two deep plates joined at the rim, emerged from the formation and rapidly approached them. The witnesses became frightened and retreated into the house, closing doors and windows and turning off lights. They observed the objects disappear towards the west, and the 'cloud' also moved away. The moon's light was described as 'dull' after the event. The women were left deeply impressed and fearful of going out at night. The report provides details on the witnesses' ages (mother around 47, daughter 20) and the location's altitude (1,222 m). The observation lasted between three and five minutes. The case was initially reported in the magazine VIMANA.

EXTRAÑOS SERES CERCA DE JEREZ DE LA FRONTERA (Cádiz) EN 1960

Authored by Miguel Peyró Garcia, this article details an encounter from May 1960 near Jerez de la Frontera, Cádiz. The witness, D. Miguel Timermans Ceballos, a schoolteacher, was riding his motorcycle when he saw a strange, humanoid figure about two meters tall, entirely red, moving like a robot with rigid arms. Shortly after, a second, shorter humanoid (about 1.20 meters) appeared, also red but with a black boot. The figures crossed the road diagonally. The witness described their forms as 'anillados' (ringed), similar to the 'bonhommes Michelin' often associated with Type I encounters. Timermans stopped his motorcycle to observe but the figures vanished mysteriously before he could approach further. The observation time was reduced to about 30 seconds. The witness expressed regret that he was alone, as he would have searched for them if accompanied. The report notes the similarity of this case to others worldwide and suggests a high degree of reliability.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The issue consistently emphasizes the importance of rigorous investigation and witness credibility assessment. Cases are analyzed for strangeness and reliability, with a preference for well-documented, detailed accounts over vague reports. The magazine appears to adopt a stance of open inquiry into UAP phenomena, presenting evidence and analysis without definitive pronouncements, encouraging critical thinking among its readers. The recurring theme is the exploration of unexplained aerial and humanoid encounters, with a focus on providing detailed case studies and technical evaluations.

This issue of "Investigación" (Investigation) is dedicated to the study of Unidentified Flying Objects (UFOs), featuring statistical data and in-depth analysis of photographic evidence. The magazine presents a provisional statistical overview of UFO cases in the Dominican Republic, alongside a technical article detailing advanced computer-aided analysis of UFO photographs.

Provisional Statistics of UFO Cases in the Dominican Republic

Leonte Objío presents a statistical analysis of UFO sightings in the Dominican Republic, noting the lack of prior statistical work on the subject in the country. The article aims to provide a general overview of the distribution of UFO cases over the years. The data is described as provisional, compiled from various groups, researchers, and the author's own archive. The number of cases in the Dominican Republic is presented as less numerous compared to countries like Spain, Argentina, and France, although the proportion relative to territory is considered comparable. The author mentions ongoing efforts to expand the case collection by contacting private groups and researchers for a more analytical study. The earliest recorded case dates back to 1842 in Santiago, associated with an earthquake. The first potential UFO wave occurred in 1957 with only four known cases. The most significant wave affecting the Dominican Republic and Puerto Rico happened in 1972, with approximately 34 confirmed cases. The period covered concludes with another wave in 1976. A notable observation is that the years of highest UFO activity appear to coincide with Mars's proximity to Earth every four years. The author expresses gratitude to various groups and individuals who contributed to the work, including GOFOS, CEOFA, CEDIOVNI, CODEOFO, Sebastián Robiou, and his personal archive.

The magazine also includes a section addressing readers, requesting news and information about UFO sightings from local newspapers to update their archive. This information is crucial for initiating detailed investigations.

Analysis of UFO Photographs from Colorado

An article by William H. Spaulding details the analysis of two 35mm color photographs of a UFO taken by witness Norman Vedaa on August 28, 1969, near Denver, Colorado. The object was described as golden yellow, silent, oval-shaped, and extremely brilliant. The analysis, initially conducted by GSW INC. and photographic laboratories, concluded that the phenomenon could not be explained by known natural or celestial phenomena, suggesting it was a type of unknown craft. The article details the process of image enhancement using computers, which involved three phases: contour reinforcement, color and density profiling, and final computer processing. The goal was to extract more information from the images than traditional methods allowed. The analysis revealed a brilliant yellowish glow with well-defined shapes and a reflective shadow illuminating the clouds. Figures illustrate how the object's apparent diameter decreased over time. The article emphasizes the value of computer analysis in identifying details, such as hidden cracks or defects, that would be invisible in normal viewing. The process involved digitalizing the photographs and using a "Computer Eye" system to analyze density, shape, and movement. The conclusion suggests that conventional explanations like atmospheric phenomena, aircraft, or secret prototypes have been ruled out, and the analyzed images represent an unknown craft.

Ufology and the Future of Research

Luis R. González, from C.E.I., poses the question of whether the current approach to ufology needs to change. He argues that despite years of research, humanity knows very little about the origin, occupants, or purpose of UFOs, only that they exist. While many phenomena have been ruled out as explanations, González believes that current research has reached a plateau, focusing too much on descriptive data collection and statistical analysis (e.g., monthly distributions, astronomical correlations, or even correlations with unemployment). He suggests that the existence of UFOs as an anomalous phenomenon has been sufficiently demonstrated, and it is time to move to a third stage: comprehension of the phenomenon. This stage should involve new mathematical and statistical analysis methods, utilizing advanced computer tools. González notes that the complexity of the phenomenon suggests it is more than just extraterrestrials, and ufologists are increasingly recognizing this. He proposes exploring new lines of research that delve deeper into the nature of these phenomena.

Case Study: The Tello Family Sighting

An additional section discusses a case involving Doña Paquita Tello and her husband, whose account of an event, documented by I.I.E.E., differs slightly from a previous investigation, possibly due to the passage of time or differing emphasis by the witnesses. The article presents the details to allow readers to judge the case themselves and thanks the I.I.E.E. for their collaboration.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The issue strongly advocates for a scientific and analytical approach to ufology. It highlights the importance of rigorous data collection, statistical analysis, and, increasingly, advanced computer-aided techniques for image processing and interpretation. The magazine promotes the idea that ufology is evolving from mere observation and description towards a deeper understanding of anomalous aerial phenomena. There is a clear emphasis on distinguishing genuine UFO sightings from misidentifications and exploring the potential for unknown technologies or phenomena. The editorial stance supports continued investigation and the adoption of cutting-edge methodologies to unravel the mysteries of UFOs.

This issue of "investigación" (Investigation) focuses on the scientific study of Unidentified Aerial Phenomena (UAP), exploring various analytical approaches, the role of witnesses, and proposing new terminology for the field. It also presents detailed statistical analysis of UAP sightings in Spain.

Analytical Approaches to UAP Phenomena

The magazine discusses different methods for analyzing UAP phenomena, including multivariable analysis techniques such as principal component analysis, canonical analysis, and non-metric multidimensional scaling. These methods are suggested to help uncover the latent structure behind the phenomenon. Furthermore, it highlights the importance of psychological and sociological analysis, emphasizing the often-overlooked aspect of the witness. The author suggests that UAP phenomena might select specific individuals, and a thorough study of witnesses' physical and psychological characteristics, both before and after an observation, could reveal unexpected insights. The article also touches upon the potential for studying the formation of 'contactee' or 'messianic' groups, suggesting that understanding how ordinary individuals become involved could shed new light on the subject. The author cautions against overly simplistic explanations like mental disorders.

The Need for a New Terminology

A significant portion of the issue is dedicated to the debate over the term 'Ufology'. The author, Félix Ares de Blas, expresses personal dissatisfaction with the term, finding it 'ridiculous' and a product of linguistic 'servilism' to Americanisms. He argues that traditional scientific disciplines derive their names from Greek or Latin roots, and proposes a new term: 'AGNOSTOPTENOLOGIA'. This term is derived from the Greek words 'agnostos' (unknown) and 'ptenos' (flying), combined with 'logia' (study or treatise). The process of arriving at this term involved linguistic analysis and consultation with classical philology experts. The author believes this term is more descriptive and scientifically sound than 'Ufology'.

Scientific Rejection and Challenges in UAP Research

Vicente Manglano addresses the scientific community's general rejection of the UAP phenomenon. He notes that while some scientists have studied UAPs, many conclude that witnesses have made observational errors, mistaking known objects like Venus, clouds, or aircraft for UAPs. Manglano argues that the observed flight characteristics of UAPs (extreme acceleration, silent supersonic speed) are beyond current scientific understanding and technological capabilities. He dismisses terrestrial explanations, including secret civilizations, due to our knowledge of planetary surveillance. The author criticizes the 'Lavoisier argument' – that if something is not currently understood, it cannot exist – as a flawed reasoning. He points out that scientific theories are hypotheses that evolve and are subject to empirical testing. The difficulty in studying UAPs stems from their non-repeatable nature, inability to be studied in a laboratory, and lack of regular appearance, leaving scientists 'unarmed' and without concrete scientific proof. This leads to the phenomenon being relegated to pseudoscientific circles.

Critiques of Official UAP Investigations

The issue criticizes official UAP investigation commissions, suggesting that their primary goal is often denial rather than objective study. It is alleged that these commissions sometimes employ scientists who are already skeptical or are influenced by governmental agents to ensure negative findings. The process of selecting cases for study is also questioned, with a lack of sufficient prior elimination of negative cases leading to a volume of material that can be easily explained away, obscuring the truly anomalous cases. The author suggests that the public is misled into believing the issue has been resolved when only the explainable cases are presented, while the unexplained ones are hidden or discredited by questioning witness veracity.

Statistical Analysis of UAP Sightings in Spain (1950-1977)

A substantial part of the magazine is dedicated to a statistical analysis of UAP observations in Spain from 1950 to 1977, compiled by Félix Ares and David Lopez. This study, based on 1,643 cases, examines the hourly distribution of sightings.

Key Findings of the Hourly Distribution Analysis:

1. Nocturnal Phenomenon: Approximately 80% of UAP cases occur during the night.
2. Peak Observation Period: The period with a higher-than-average number of observations (4.16%) is between 6 PM and 1 AM, with 66.06% of observations occurring within these seven hours.
3. Absolute Maximum: The peak of sightings is recorded between 9 PM and 10 PM (13.45% of cases).
4. Absolute Minimum: The lowest number of observations occurs between 2 PM and 3 PM (0.60% of cases).

These characteristics are noted to be consistent with global findings by other specialists.

Temporal Analysis of Hourly Distribution:

The study further breaks down the data into three sub-periods: 1950-60, 1961-70, and 1971-77, to check for temporal consistency.

• 1950-60: The Gaussian distribution is less pronounced, but the prevalence of late afternoon and early morning observations remains. The maximum is still between 9 PM and 10 PM. A morning peak between 11 AM and 12 PM is noted, possibly due to jet aircraft cases from 1950. The sample size of 165 cases is considered insufficient for definitive conclusions.
• 1961-70: The hourly distribution closely matches the overall 1950-77 data.
• 1971-77: While generally similar, this period shows a two-hour delay in the absolute maximum, shifting to between 10 PM and 11 PM. This anomaly is attributed to the change in Spain's daylight saving time implemented in 1975 due to the energy crisis. Further analysis of 1971-74 and 1975-77 sub-periods confirms that the shift occurred after 1975. The conclusion drawn is that the UAP hourly distribution follows a universal constant related to solar time, not official clock times.

Evolution of the Hourly Law Throughout the Year:

The issue indicates that the analysis will continue to examine whether this hourly distribution constant remains consistent throughout the year.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The magazine consistently promotes a rigorous, scientific approach to the study of UAPs, advocating for new, precise terminology and detailed statistical analysis. It critiques the mainstream scientific establishment's dismissal of the phenomenon and official investigation bodies' potential biases. The editorial stance is one of open inquiry, encouraging the exploration of anomalous phenomena while maintaining critical standards and challenging conventional scientific paradigms. There is a clear emphasis on the importance of witness testimony and the need for deeper psychological and sociological understanding of those who report sightings.

This issue of "Investigación" (Issue 39) focuses on the temporal and methodological aspects of UFO phenomena. The magazine presents data and analysis concerning the distribution of UFO sightings throughout the day and night, explores various hypotheses attempting to explain the phenomenon, and reviews relevant literature and research.

Temporal Distribution of UFO Sightings

The issue highlights that UFO phenomena are predominantly nocturnal, with approximately 80% of cases occurring during the night. The peak activity is concentrated between 5 PM and 10 PM Solar Time, with the absolute maximum observed around two hours after sunset. The minimum activity is consistently recorded between 1 PM and 2 PM Solar Time.

Table No. 3 details the distribution of observations by month and hour, showing variations throughout the year. For instance, the absolute hourly maximums shift, occurring earlier (7 PM-8 PM) in winter months like December and January, and later (10 PM-11 PM) in summer months like June and July. A significant peak between 9 PM and 10 PM is noted for March, April, and August, largely driven by August observations.

Figure No. 4 compares the hourly law of sunset with the hourly law of maximum observation numbers. It illustrates that the maximum number of observations generally occurs within two hours after sunset, with deviations ranging from 1.5 to 3.5 hours. The analysis indicates that the official time (Horario Oficial) does not significantly alter this pattern, suggesting that human daily routines may adapt to maintain a consistent relationship with Solar Time.

Two periods of data are presented in Figure No. 3: before and after the change to official daylight saving time (1971-74 and 1975-77). These graphs show the hourly distribution of sightings, comparing official time with solar time, and suggest that the shift in official time does not fundamentally change the observed temporal patterns of UFO activity.

Hypotheses and Justifications

Several justifications are proposed for the nocturnal nature of UFO phenomena. Primarily, it is suggested that UFOs are luminous in character, making them more visible at night. Additionally, nighttime hours are when the population is more likely to be outdoors and observant.

The article "Operación OVNI (I)" by Joan Crexell from CEI discusses the investigation and study of UFOs from a historical perspective. It notes that previous research has focused on identifying constants like nocturnality, specific locations, and object characteristics. However, Crexell posits that the crucial question is whether there is an underlying plan. He uses an analogy of prehistoric Australian tribes observing modern aircraft to illustrate how data can be gathered and interpreted, but the fundamental 'why' remains elusive. Crexell emphasizes that the UFO phenomenon, regardless of its origin (extraterrestrial, future visitors, interdimensional beings, etc.), appears to be intelligent. This intelligence is inferred from the sophisticated capabilities of the craft, their ability to interact with the environment (paralyzing motors, being detected by radar), and their seemingly deliberate actions. The author argues that the phenomenon is not random but likely driven by specific orders and intentions.

Another section discusses the extraterrestrial hypothesis, particularly in response to an article by Luis R. González. It addresses the challenge of vast interstellar distances, suggesting that with a lifespan of 500 years and advanced technology (like utilizing gravitational energy), travel across such distances might be feasible. The analogy of historical sea voyages is used to illustrate that long journeys were undertaken even with limited lifespans and technology.

Book Reviews and Publications

The issue includes several book reviews:

• "La grande peur martieene" by Gérard Barthel and Jacques Brucker is critically reviewed. The authors are accused of launching a "demolishing attack" on the 1954 French UFO wave, questioning the reliability of witnesses and the media's reporting. They favor socio-psychological explanations for UFO phenomena. The reviewer, while disagreeing, acknowledges the book's value in highlighting the need for rigorous investigation and firsthand, on-site surveys, a practice he finds lacking in Spanish UFO cases.
• "INFORME HYNEK" by J. Allen Hynek is reviewed. The book is praised for its clear presentation of Hynek's classification method for UFOs, particularly for "Not Identified" cases. It is described as a valuable resource for scientific ufology, offering insight into the workings of an organization (Project Blue Book) tasked with investigating UFOs, which ultimately became a repository of unanalyzed cases. The review notes Hynek's humility in acknowledging his earlier hasty judgments and his rectifications based on the evidence.
• "Hypothesis on the UFO Origin" by Maurice G. de San is presented as a speculative work of astronomy. De San suggests that the estimated number of extraterrestrial ships needed to transport populations fleeing dying planets could explain UFO visits to Earth.
• "OVNI: l'armée parle" by Jean-Claude Bourret is highlighted for its focus on cases from the French Gendarmerie and the GEPAN study, making it a valuable resource.
• "Project URD, Report No. 1, Characteristics of a UFO Report File" is a description of a computer-based UFO report file, useful for those interested in UFO informatics.

Stendek Publications

A section lists recommended publications from members and consultants of STENDEK, including works by Alberto Adell Sabatés, Miguel Peyró, Vicente Juan Ballester Olmos, and Sebastián Robiu Lamarcha.

Letters to the Editor

• A letter from Vicente-Juan Ballester corrects the date of the Montequinto, Sevilla landing incident to July 1947.
• A letter from Spain discusses the extraterrestrial hypothesis, addressing the challenge of interstellar distances and proposing that advanced civilizations with longer lifespans could undertake such journeys.

Reader's Column

This section contains requests from readers to purchase back issues of STENDEK and offers to exchange correspondence with other UFO researchers and witnesses.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The recurring themes in this issue revolve around the statistical analysis of UFO sightings, particularly their temporal distribution, and the critical examination of UFO research methodologies. There is a strong emphasis on objectivity, rigor, and the need for empirical evidence. The magazine appears to favor a scientific approach to ufology, critically evaluating various hypotheses, including the extraterrestrial one, while acknowledging the intelligence behind the phenomenon. The editorial stance promotes careful investigation and the dissemination of well-researched information within the ufological community.

This issue of STENDEK-CEI, dated June 1980, covers the organization's activities from June 1979 to June 1980. The main headline highlights these activities, and the issue number is 49.

Activities of STENDEK-CEI (June 1979-June 1980)

The period from June 1979 to June 1980 was a busy one for STENDEK-CEI, with a focus on publications, book releases, archival work, and participation in various conferences and seminars.

Publications

The monthly publication "Telex-OVNI" has become a significant new development. It is now available for sale to STENDEK subscribers, a change from its previous distribution solely among CEI members. The publication primarily sources news from the international press concerning UFO observations and information added to their archive.

Books

• Several book-related activities are reported:
• "OVNIS,...Sí, pero": This book by Miguel Peyró García was released in October. It is published by Ediciones Siete y Medio within the "Sí, están" collection.
• "Introducción a la ufología científica": A new book in preparation by Vicente Juan Ballester and Miguel Guasp. The manuscript is advanced and covers essays, statistical studies, and field investigations, aiming to provide a broad spectrum of current ufological issues.
• "El fenómeno OVNI. Análisis de treinta años de observaciones en España": This book by Félix Ares and David López has been submitted to a Barcelona publisher. It compiles the authors' analytical work, supported by an active CEI team, and is expected to be published in early 1981.

Codification Work

After two years of intensive effort, a significant codification project has been concluded. This work was carried out by a team led by Félix Ares and David López.

Archive-Biblioteca

Over the past twelve months, the organization's database has expanded with numerous reports, questionnaires, press clippings from around the world, and studies related to the UFO topic. New sections have been created to improve consultation and search efficiency. The library has also grown, now housing 388 volumes on UFOs in various languages, including Spanish, English, French, and Italian.

Catálogo Ibérico

The elaboration of the "CATIB" (Catálogo Ibérico) was completed in November. This catalog consolidates data from all Spanish and Portuguese UFO observations dating back to the early 20th century, with a special section on earlier potential observations. In addition to sightings, the CATIB includes lists of negative cases, possible contacts, fake photos, sounding balloons, and luminous phenomena.

Representation of STENDEK-CEI in Congresses

National UFO Congress, Ciudad de Logroño: Held from September 14th to 16th, the CEI was well-represented at this congress in Logroño. Several speakers presented on various topics.

• Javier Parra and Amelia de Francisco presented on the psychoanalytic approach to UFOs.
• Angel Salaverría discussed the geographical and temporal distribution of the UFO phenomenon in Spain.
• Félix Ares de Blas addressed the nature of globular rays during a round table discussion.

First Mediterranean Congress: The CEI also participated in this congress with technical presentations by Félix Ares and David G. López.

Conferences by CEI Members

• Several members of the CEI delivered lectures:
• On June 8th, José Tomás Ramírez y Barberó spoke at the Ateneo de Salamanca about public attitudes towards the UFO phenomenon and presented a statistical study of 109 sightings from FLAP in the spring of 1974.
• On June 22nd, Félix Ares gave a lecture titled "Introduction to the Scientific Study of UFO Phenomenology" in Guipúzcoa, sponsored by the Official College of Technical Industrial Engineers.

II Seminar of San Sebastián

Organized by the C.E.P. of Irún and CEI members in San Sebastián, this seminar took place from July 3rd to 6th. It aimed to disseminate information on the UFO topic and featured contributions from J.C. Imaz, A. Salaverría, J.M. Baez, M. del C. Garmendia, J. Martínez, Gerardo García, R. Puerta, F. Ares, J.A. Puerta, Fco. J. Puerta, J.M. Landart, Julio Arcas (CIOVE), Jesús Pérez Castaño (OTIU), and José A. Macías (Grupo Charles Fort).

Conferences in Berga

On April 12th and May 1st, Alberto Adell Sabatés of the CEI gave two lectures in Berga, sponsored by the Patronato de la Casa de Cultura. The first, "Introduction to Ufology," covered legendary times, historical times, manifestations, parameters, hypotheses on origin, and proof of the UFO phenomenon's constancy. The second lecture, "Scientific Ufology," discussed news treatment, field and cabinet investigation, standardized study of patterns, typological classification, and witness psychological and psychometric analysis.

Conference in Navás

On May 29th, Alberto Adell gave another lecture, this time sponsored by the Parents' Association of the Technical-Professional School in Navás. The topics were similar to those presented in Berga, emphasizing the importance of a scientific approach to UFO investigation.

Presence of STENDEK-CEI in International Congresses

International Congress in London: In August, Vicente-Juan Ballester Olmos attended the International Congress organized by B.U.F.O. R.A. in London. His presentation focused on Iberian landings. During the meetings, he exchanged ideas with other groups and researchers from Europe and America.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The recurring themes in this issue are the active engagement of STENDEK-CEI in disseminating information through publications and lectures, the growth of its research resources (archive and library), and its participation in both national and international ufological events. The editorial stance appears to be one of promoting a scientific and analytical approach to the study of UFO phenomena, as evidenced by the book titles and conference topics.