Stendek - Vol 10 No 37 - September 1979

Magazine Overview

This issue of STENDEK, identified as Servicio Informativo C.E.I., Año X, Nº37, published in September 1979, features a cover illustration depicting a humanoid figure in front of a large, circular object, set against a natural backdrop. The magazine is published by CEI and printed by "Ratlles" in Barcelona, Spain. The cover date is September 1979, and the publication is in Spanish.

Editorial

The editorial, titled "INVESTIGADORES DE CAMPO Y 'EXPERTOS'" (Field Investigators and 'Experts') by Mª del Carmen Tamayo, discusses the vital role of spontaneous, disinterested contributions from subscribers and collaborators to the CEI and STENDEK. It highlights how this information flow allows for a national overview of UFO phenomena and its evolution. The editorial contrasts the work of serious field investigators, who meticulously transcribe witness accounts and gather observational data, with the often sensationalized and decontextualized reporting by some press members. It criticizes self-proclaimed 'experts' who distort cases for sensationalism, thereby undermining the credibility of witnesses and the field of UFO research. The author emphasizes the importance of anonymous, dedicated investigators whose work is fundamental to the study of UFOs, and decries those who, through media manipulation, obscure this crucial effort.

Case Study: TIPO I EN ARROES (ASTURIAS)

This section details a potential UFO landing incident that occurred in Arroes, a rural area near Villaviciosa, Asturias, Spain. The report, authored by Ignacio Blanco Rodríguez, a Field Investigator for CEI, focuses on the events of November 25, 1978, and subsequent investigations.

Geographical Location

The incident took place near the Arroes Bridge, approximately 12 km from Gijón. The coordinates are given as Latitude North 43° 30′ 43″ and Longitude West 1° 51′ 21″. The area is described as typical Asturian landscape with meadows, orchards, eucalyptus trees, and scattered farmhouses. The España river runs nearby, and the Cantabrian coast is about 4 km away. The area is characterized by high humidity due to the river and numerous springs.

Witnesses and Testimony

First Testimony (Cristina Ordieres Paraja):

Cristina Ordieres Paraja, a 15-year-old student, reported hearing a repetitive noise, described as "TAC, TAC, TAC..., similar to a car's windshield wipers," emanating from the meadow in front of her house around 2 AM on August 25, 1978. The noise was persistent but not intense. After about five minutes, the noise ceased, and a bright white light entered her room, illuminating it completely. This light then gradually faded, followed by a very powerful, deafening noise, described as "like many motorcycles revving together" or a "thunderclap," lasting only a couple of seconds. The noise seemed to move away towards the left of the house. Cristina, who was alone in her room with two younger cousins, was frightened and did not look out the window. The family dog in the garage barked incessantly, indicating fear. Her parents, when awakened, dismissed the event as possibly dogs or other animals.

Cristina's grandmother, Doña Cristina Paraja San Pedro, who was in a different room, also witnessed the light but perceived the final noise as less intense than her granddaughter did. Arturo Castro Paraja, Cristina's 14-year-old cousin, who shared a room with Cristina, was awakened by Cristina and looked out the window but saw nothing unusual. Other family members in the house heard or saw nothing.

Second Testimony (José María Cañal Family):

Approximately 800 meters away, in a converted granary (hórreo) used as a dwelling, the family of Don José María Cañal also experienced a similar event. Around 1 AM, while they were still awake, they heard a noise from outside that sounded like "motorcycles revving." This noise lasted about a minute and seemed to come from the vicinity of their hórreo. Don José Luis Rodríguez, a member of the family, feared their car was being stolen. The noise was described as loud but not as overwhelmingly powerful as Cristina described the final noise.

Analysis of Testimonies

Ignacio Blanco Rodríguez notes that while Cristina's testimony is generally credible, her initial security in her answers and her delay in reporting the event are points of interest. He also mentions that Cristina had previously done a school project on UFOs, possibly drawing from sensationalist literature. The grandmother's testimony, though less intense regarding the final noise, corroborates the light phenomenon. The Cañal family's testimony aligns with the initial noise description, comparing it to motorcycles. A contradiction exists in the intensity of the final noise: Cristina described it as extremely powerful, while the Cañal family and her grandmother found it loud but not excessively so. The investigator suggests that Cristina's heightened state of excitement might have led her to overstate the noise's magnitude. The difference in perception could also be attributed to the timing of sleep; those who were already asleep in Cristina's house might not have been awakened by a less intense noise, whereas the Cañal family, having gone to bed later, were more likely to hear it. The investigator also points out that the interior rooms occupied by some family members in the Cañal household did not report hearing the noise.

Possible Sequence of Events

Based on the testimonies, the investigator proposes a sequence: the object landed in front of the Ordieres house, remained for about 10 minutes, then moved towards the Cañal's hórreo, and finally departed in the direction of Gijón along the España river. The investigator dismisses the motorcycle explanation for the noise, noting the lack of tracks in the meadow and hórreo area, unlike the clear tire tracks from Sr. Cañal's car.

Possible Electromagnetic Effect (EM)

Cristina's room light turned on normally when she flipped the switch. Crucially, the next morning, one of the family cars (a Renault 6) refused to start, despite having a charged battery. After attempts to fix it, including changing the battery and trying to push-start it down a slope, the car was towed to a garage where it was diagnosed as having a flooded engine. The investigator notes that the weather was warm, making engine flooding unlikely as the sole cause, leaving the initial starting failure unexplained.

The Footprints

On the morning of August 26, Cristina discovered unusual marks in the meadow about twelve meters from the house. These marks, described as "burns" and "depressions," formed a star-like shape with five points. Each point contained a circle approximately 20 cm in diameter where the grass was flattened radially. The ground within these circles was depressed, with a depth varying from two to five centimeters. In the center of the star was another circle of green, unflattened grass. This central area contained several small, deep holes (about 1 cm in diameter). The grass in the central circle and connecting "passageways" appeared slightly "burned" or scorched. The "burned" grass was blackish and did not disintegrate when rubbed, unlike conventionally burned grass. The witness described it as "dead, without sap." The green grass eventually turned yellow and fell off, leaving the area bare for over two months before normal vegetation returned. The investigator notes that cows avoided the area for a considerable time. The footprints were seen by at least a hundred people, and their description is based on witness accounts and measurements taken by CEI members. A drawing (Fig. 3) approximates the shape and dimensions.

Analysis of Soil and Plants

An analysis of soil and plant samples was conducted by Carlos G. Toca Lopez of the STENDEK Consultant Council. The samples were collected from the "Center" (central circle), "Periphery" (one of the five star points), and "20 meters" away from the alleged landing site. The soil analyses showed similar parameters (pH, iron oxides, carbonates) across the samples, with differences within experimental error. The plant analysis described the "burned" grass as having a fibrous structure, dark green pigmentation, and small white hairs. The grass samples were subjected to heat and burned easily. No carbonization or structural alteration was observed in any of the plant samples. All samples tested negative for radioactivity.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

This issue strongly emphasizes the importance of rigorous, evidence-based investigation in the field of UFO research. It champions the work of dedicated, often anonymous, field investigators who collect firsthand accounts and data. The editorial criticizes sensationalism and the distortion of facts by the media and self-proclaimed experts, advocating for a more scientific and credible approach to understanding UFO phenomena. The case study itself meticulously documents witness testimonies, physical evidence, and scientific analysis, reflecting this commitment to thoroughness and factual reporting.

This issue of "Informe" magazine, dated March 1979, delves into several UFO-related incidents, primarily focusing on a naval encounter involving the tanker "Tamames" and a potential landing case in Montequinto, Sevilla. It also features an investigation into a sighting near Gerena, Sevilla, and discusses the challenges of distinguishing UFO phenomena from military activities.

Analysis of the 'Tamames' Incident

The magazine dedicates significant space to the "Tamames" incident, which occurred on the night of February 6-7, 1979. The crew of the tanker reported observing strange lights that initially appeared to be distress flares. These lights multiplied and changed position, accompanied by an orange glow in the sky and yellowish smoke-like columns. The phenomenon also caused interference with the ship's radar and radio systems. The report includes a detailed account from the ship's captain, José Luis González Rodríguez, who provided a written report with drawings. The captain emphasized that he only spoke of lights and radar anomalies, not definitively UFOs, and expressed dissatisfaction with press coverage that sensationalized his account.

Scientific Analysis of the Sighting Area

An investigation into the area where the "Tamames" sighting occurred involved analyzing soil and plant samples. The conclusion was that the zone showed no signs of heat emission or intense radioactivity. Soil pH levels and plant carbonization were normal, with any darkening attributed to natural processes. This scientific analysis, while not disproving the sighting, indicated no physical evidence of extreme heat or radiation associated with the event.

Military Maneuvers vs. UFO Sightings

The magazine addresses potential confusion between UFO sightings and military activities. It discusses paratrooper exercises conducted near Alcantarilla, San Javier, and Balsicas on February 6th, involving Avio-car and Caribou aircraft and flares. While acknowledging that these exercises might have caused alarm among local residents, the article argues that the events related to the "Tamames" sighting were geographically and temporally distinct, making a direct connection improbable.

The Montequinto Landing Case

Another significant case detailed is the Montequinto incident in Sevilla, reported by a doctor (D. J.V.C.) who witnessed it approximately 30-35 years prior to the article's publication (around 1950). The witness described a spherical object with a metallic sheen and a ring, which ascended from behind olive trees with a circular, corkscrew-like motion. The object was observed at an estimated altitude of 300 meters. The article classifies this as a Type I case based on the object's altitude relative to the terrain. The witness recalled a humming sound associated with the object but no distinctive smell. The metallic appearance ruled out natural explanations.

The Gerena Sighting

This section reports on an incident near Gerena, Sevilla, involving four witnesses on the night of November 1978. While hunting, they observed lights that they initially thought were car headlights. As they approached, the lights became more numerous and appeared to be on the ground. The object, described as dark and dense, emitted a yellowish light. The witnesses were enthusiastic about the phenomenon, with one comparing it to "strange things" he had heard about. The article notes that two of the witnesses could not be interviewed.

Other Reports and Notes

The magazine includes a section for reader correspondence, inviting them to share possible UFO observations with STENDEK. It also addresses issues with the postal service causing delays or loss of magazine shipments. A "Translator's Notes" section provides references and context for some of the articles, including mentions of authors like John A. Keel and Jacques Vallée.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

This issue of "Informe" magazine maintains a stance of critical investigation into UFO phenomena. It emphasizes the importance of scientific analysis, witness testimony, and distinguishing genuine anomalies from misinterpretations or natural events. The magazine appears to be a platform for reporting and analyzing UFO cases, encouraging reader participation, and providing a detailed, albeit sometimes speculative, account of sightings and potential landings. The editorial stance is to present information and allow readers to draw their own conclusions, while also offering expert analysis and scientific perspectives where available.

This issue of "INFORME" by SIU-UFO PRESS focuses on two significant UFO/UAP cases: the "La Dulce" incident in Argentina from 1978 and a case from Aveyron, France, in 1967. The magazine presents detailed witness testimonies, investigative findings, and analysis of these events.

The "La Dulce" Incident (Argentina, 1978)

The primary focus is on the events at Estancia La Dulce, investigated by Alejandro Chionetti. The incident began on August 31, 1978, during a night characterized by strong winds. The main witness, Sra. Leonor Beatriz Turiella de Arias, was at home with her husband Manuel Arias and their young son, Raul Agustín.

Around 9:55 PM, the electricity suddenly cut out. While investigating, Sra. de Arias was momentarily blinded by a bright, iridescent white beam of light that seemed to penetrate the house. She then observed a dark, ovoid mass, approximately 30 meters in diameter and 15 meters high, hovering a few meters above the ground near a silo. The object had a ring of lights that fluctuated between yellowish-white and reddish-orange, and emitted a humming sound described as 'like turbines,' which intensified with the light.

She also reported seeing a humanoid figure, described as having a round head with a helmet-like appearance, and a body that appeared to be made of crystal or was silver-plated. The figure was seen advancing and retreating, and its voice sounded cavernous.

Later, the object moved slowly and then appeared to retreat. The Arias family, initially frightened, tried to rationalize the event, considering it might be poachers. However, the persistence of the phenomenon and the unusual light led them to investigate further.

Manuel Arias observed the object at a distance of about 800 meters, suspended over a eucalyptus grove. He noted the humming sound, which he felt was related to the pulsating light ring. The object was described as balancing or tilting.

Further details emerged about the 'entities' or 'bultos' observed. These were described as dark masses, moving rigidly and mechanically, some with a red light at chest or head level. Their movements were compared to 'Greek guards' or 'pilgrims.' They were seen circumnavigating a workshop ('galpón de la herrería') for an extended period.

The observation lasted over an hour, with the entities eventually approaching the house, causing the family to hide. The phenomenon ceased around 11:20 PM.

Subsequent observations included a bright white cloud transforming into a reddish half-moon, a pulsating 'sun' in the field, and another incident involving a bright red light that caused farm equipment to become incandescent and even cooked meat.

On September 12, the Arias family had another experience involving a pulsating luminosity from which a bright 'star' descended in stages.

Other details mentioned include the lack of physical traces like scorch marks or clear footprints, and the unusual behavior of the farm animals, particularly the horses, which panicked. The family's dog did not react unusually.

Aveyron Case (France, 1966-1967)

This section, the third part of an investigation by the "L.O.L.N." team, details a case from Aveyron, France. The witness reported seeing a light descend and disappear, followed by the appearance of an 'obús' (shell-shaped object) and a 'bola' (ball). The witness's account was given over three years after the event, leading to some discrepancies in details but consistency in the essential facts.

Key elements of the Aveyron case include:

• The 'Obús' and the 'Bola': The witness described an 'obús'-shaped object that was initially immobile and vertical, then tilted and ascended in three phases: increased brightness, tilting, and straight-line flight. A separate 'bola' was also observed.
• Pursuit: On January 11, 1967, the witness decided to pursue the mysterious ball in his car. The ball maintained a constant distance, hovering about 20-30 cm above the ground, even on uneven terrain. The witness felt an inexplicable urge to pursue it.
• Physical Effects: During the pursuit, the witness experienced intense heat and paralysis when the 'obús' reappeared as a disc. The witness also reported an overwhelming need to sleep, which is considered a potential consequence of exposure to unknown radiation.
• Comparison to other cases: The report draws parallels between the 'obús' and 'puros' (spheres) described in other UFO literature, noting similarities in brightness increase during takeoff and verticality during immobility. However, differences in size and proximity to the ground are also highlighted.
• Credibility: The author suggests that the incoherence of the 'obús's' takeoff description, when compared to terrestrial rocket launches, might actually be a sign of the testimony's credibility, as a fabricated story would likely be more logically consistent with known physics.

Investigation and Analysis

The investigators acknowledge the limitations of single-witness testimonies but find the details compelling. The report discusses the difficulty in corroborating certain aspects and the need for further external testimonies. The physical effects, such as heat and paralysis, are noted as having been reported in other cases.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The magazine consistently presents detailed witness accounts of unexplained aerial phenomena, emphasizing the investigative process and the analysis of evidence. The editorial stance appears to be one of serious inquiry into UAP reports, acknowledging the potential for unusual phenomena and their effects on witnesses and the environment. The publication aims to provide comprehensive documentation of these events, encouraging further research and discussion.

Title: Investigación
Issue: 32
Document Type: Magazine Issue
Cover Headline: UN ENSAYO DE CLASIFICACION DE APARICIONES Y DESAPARICIONES "IN SITU"
Author of Main Article: Jacques Scornaux

Article: UN ENSAYO DE CLASIFICACION DE APARICIONES Y DESAPARICIONES "IN SITU"

This extensive article by Jacques Scornaux delves into the phenomenon of Unidentified Flying Objects (UFOs) appearing and disappearing "in situ," meaning suddenly in the same location without the typical approach or departure. The author begins by acknowledging that while some UFOs become visible and invisible through normal movement or by being obscured by obstacles, a significant number exhibit a more unconventional behavior.

Introduction to 'In Situ' Phenomena

Scornaux notes that 'in situ' appearances and disappearances are less common than conventional sightings but are undeniable. He suggests that the relative rarity might be due to a lack of attention from witnesses or a self-censorship among researchers who might find such cases too fantastic. The article aims to establish a more precise classification of these phenomena to clarify the field for future research.

Classification of 'In Situ' Phenomena

The author proposes a classification based on increasing 'rarity' or resistance to conventional explanations. The classification is divided into:

• Disappearances 'In Situ' of UFOs (D1-D6):
• D1: Nocturnal extinction of a luminous UFO without apparent structure (instantaneous or progressive).
• D2: Instantaneous disappearance of a non-luminous UFO.
• D3: Formation of a cloud that dissipates, with no sign of the object.
• D4: Disappearance due to collision with a solid object.
• D5: Disintegration or dissolution in the atmosphere.
• D6: Fading or diffusion into the sky.

• Appearances 'In Situ' of UFOs (A1-A6):
• A1: Nocturnal illumination of a luminous UFO (sudden or progressive).
• A2: Instantaneous appearance of a non-luminous UFO.
• A3: Formation of a cloud from which a UFO emerges.
• A4: Appearance of a solid object.
• A5: Condensation of dispersed elements.
• A6: Gradual sharpening of an image.

• Appearances and Disappearances 'In Situ' of Humanoids (H1-H5):
• H1-H2: Exterior appearances/disappearances (instantaneous or progressive).
• H3-H4: Interior appearances/disappearances in closed spaces (instantaneous or progressive).
• H5: Appearance/disappearance through solid barriers (walls).

Case Examples and Analysis

The article presents numerous case examples from various countries, including France, Belgium, Norway, Argentina, and the USA, spanning from the 1930s to the mid-1970s. These cases illustrate the different categories of 'in situ' phenomena:

• Aveyron (September 1972): A witness describes a luminous green sphere, the size of a car, descending and hovering. It disappeared when a police car arrived. A similar event occurred the next day.
• Anderlues (Summer 1937): Henri Houck encountered a luminous object that expanded and blocked his path, hovering near the ground before vanishing.
• Mendoza (1973): A professor observed a triangular object disappear 'in front of' a hill.
• Kvalsik (1937): A ship crew witnessed a plane enveloped in smoke and disappearing.
• Lorient (1974): A cloud formed, and a luminous OVNI appeared and then disappeared.
• Dax (1968): A couple witnessed an opaque mass that disappeared just before impact.
• Vlierzele (1968): A motorist experienced a sphere exploding against his windshield without damage, followed by a similar event for another couple.
• Pres de Wabre (1972): A motorist observed a sphere that collided with his windshield, leaving no trace.
• Little Lever (1964-1968): A woman witnessed an orange light sphere explode, and later found burn marks on her window frames.
• Blacksod (1974): A man saw a white-clad figure and a luminous bus-shaped object that disappeared into the clouds.

Other cases include those from Pau, Ardmore, Ferriere-la-Grande, Nouatre (involving both a UFO and a humanoid), and Little Lever.

Interpretations and Hypotheses

Scornaux discusses various interpretive attempts. He notes that simple 'in situ' phenomena (like a light turning on or off) are easily explained. However, more complex cases, especially those involving sudden appearances or disappearances, pose challenges. He dismisses the idea of parallel universes as overly complex and lacking evidence. Instead, he leans towards hypotheses involving projected images, either electromagnetic (like Gosta Rehn's theory of a light beam affecting the optic nerve) or parapsychological. He suggests that advanced beings might possess the technology to create such illusions or 'projections.'

Statistical Analysis and Conclusion

An analysis of 20 'in situ' cases (14 UFOs, 7 humanoids) reveals a significant diversity in phenomena. The author highlights that many cases involve multiple witnesses, countering the 'isolated witness' trope. While physical evidence is scarce, some cases report psychological effects like insomnia or paralysis, and occasional interference with radios or motors.

Scornaux concludes by emphasizing the heterogeneity of UFO phenomena, suggesting that each case might have a different explanation (e.g., simple on/off for some, extraordinary acceleration for others, or projected images for more complex ones). He likens the UFO phenomenon to a hydra, where solving one aspect reveals new complexities. The article ends by posing questions about the motivations behind these projections and the nature of contact between different intelligences, suggesting that deception might be a deliberate strategy by the beings involved.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The recurring theme is the classification and analysis of unusual UFO events, specifically 'in situ' appearances and disappearances. The editorial stance, as presented by Scornaux, is one of rigorous investigation, seeking to categorize and understand these phenomena through witness testimony and logical deduction, while remaining open to unconventional explanations beyond standard physics. The magazine appears to promote a serious, albeit speculative, approach to ufology, encouraging detailed case studies and theoretical exploration.

This issue of "investigación" (investigation) focuses on the statistical analysis of UFO (OVNI) sightings, particularly exploring the correlation between the time of day (hours) and the month of the year. The publication features articles by José-Tomás Ramírez y Barberó, Diego Fuente, David G. Lopez, and Felix Ares de Blas, all affiliated with CEI and STENDEK. The content delves into the scientific study of UFO phenomena, historical cases, and the definition of an OVNI.

Correlation of Hours and Months in Ufological Investigation

The lead article by José-Tomás Ramírez y Barberó presents a study on the correlation between the hours of the night and the months of the year concerning UFO sightings. The authors express their founded opinion that the high number of nocturnal reports reinforces the theory that UFOs are physical objects from outer space. They reference previous work, including that of physicist Miguel Guasp, who encouraged further investigation into the statistical correlation of UFO reports over time to understand their potential origin within our galaxy. The study utilizes two key sources: a previous work by the authors on monthly OVNI distribution and the work of ufologists Ballester and Guasp on hourly distribution, which is considered a global benchmark.

Ramírez and Barberó acknowledge a critique from Ballester regarding their proposed monthly curve, which Ballester suggested might be random or lack the expected satisfaction, possibly due to not adhering to a specific OVNI typology. The authors defend their work by stating they analyzed a substantial sample of 3,670 OVNI observations compiled from five different ufologists. They also mention that their Spanish-centric data might not perfectly reflect the global phenomenon, and their solitary work, lacking external contrast, could contribute to its perceived lack of orthodoxy.

Despite these considerations, the authors found a clear correlation between the hourly and monthly distributions, which they believe supports the idea of UFOs being physical objects. They reference the work of Guasp, who proposed the concept of "Mayor Probabilidad Ufológica Procesal" (Greater Probabilistic Ufological Process), orienting towards our galactic center.

Analysis of Iberian Casuistry Distribution Throughout the Week

An article by David G. Lopez and Felix Ares de Blas analyzes the distribution of UFO sightings in the Iberian Peninsula from 1951 to 1977, specifically across the days of the week. Their findings, presented in Table N.º 1 and Figure N.º 1, suggest that when the sample size is sufficient, the distribution tends to be uniform. However, they observe a preponderance of sightings on weekends (Friday and Saturday) and fewer on Mondays and Tuesdays. This weekend peak is attributed to increased leisure time, more opportunities for observation, and greater mobility due to people being away from work and daily concerns.

The authors also note a shift in the peak sighting day from Friday (1951-1960 and 1971-1977) to Saturday (1961-1970), with a gradual transition back to Friday by 1971-1977. Figure N.º 2 illustrates this evolution of Friday and Saturday sightings as a percentage of the annual total.

They propose several reasons for the weekend peak: more free time for enjoyment and observation, increased travel and time spent outdoors, and a more optimistic state of mind, free from work-related worries. The inverse of this, they suggest, could explain the minimum sightings during the early days of the week. The increased number of sightings on Fridays and Saturdays is further linked to people leaving large cities, especially during the late afternoon.

What is an OVNI?

Diego Fuente, from CEI, provides a foundational article defining what an OVNI (Unidentified Flying Object) is. He stresses that the term 'unidentified' is often overlooked, and the ability to identify a phenomenon is directly related to an individual's knowledge level. Fuente argues that while the concept of a 'flying saucer' persists in popular imagination, only a small percentage (4-5%) of sightings fit this description. Many sightings involve different physical typologies, and sometimes the luminous effect makes it difficult to even identify them as physical objects.

Fuente discusses the widespread diffusion of the UFO topic through media, leading to a 'psychosis' and a tendency for individuals with limited knowledge to misinterpret observations. He highlights that while the UFO phenomenon is suggestive and seemingly impenetrable, many hypotheses exist. He notes that serious ufologists must contend with 'falsifiers and mystics' who exploit public credulity. He emphasizes that objective data and rigorous analysis are crucial, distinguishing between objective facts and fantasy. Fuente concludes by stating that while we may not know what an OVNI is, we know what it is not, and by eliminating possibilities, we move closer to the truth. He firmly rejects the notion of UFOs being alien beings sent to solve humanity's problems, calling such ideas 'lies'.

Historical Cases and Reader Contributions

The issue includes a section titled "ANTIGUAS ERONICAS" (Ancient Chronicles), which republishes historical accounts of unusual phenomena that, if occurring today, would likely be considered UFO sightings. One such account is a sworn declaration from 1694 by Licenciado D. Juan-Bautista Guerra. He describes witnessing three suns and two crescent moons in the sky over Cifuentes, Spain, on February 3, 1672, during the feast of Saint Blaise. This event was observed by many people in the town and surrounding areas.

The "columna del lector" (reader's column) features requests from readers seeking back issues of STENDEK, wishing to establish correspondence with other UFO enthusiasts, and seeking information on Underwater Objects Not Identified (OSNI).

New Publications

Vicente-Juan Ballester Olmos reviews two books: "La memoire des OVNI" by Jean Bastide and "Science-fiction et soucoupes volantes" by Bertrand Méheust. Bastide's book is described as an erudite work correlating contemporary OVNI phenomena with ancient texts, folklore, and mythology, proposing a controversial thesis. Méheust's book explores the similarities between OVNI accounts and science fiction literature, suggesting that the phenomenon might be connected to our mental structures. Olmos also briefly mentions "The Unidentified" by Jerome Clark and Loren Coleman, recommending it for its exploration of the links between UFOs, fairies, and parapsychological phenomena.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The recurring themes in this issue are the statistical analysis of UFO sightings, the importance of objective investigation, and the exploration of historical accounts. The editorial stance clearly favors a scientific and rigorous approach to ufology, distinguishing it from speculation and fantasy. There is a strong emphasis on collecting and analyzing factual data to understand the phenomenon. The articles collectively advocate for a more scientific understanding of UFOs, moving beyond popular misconceptions and sensationalism. The publication aims to provide a platform for serious research and discussion within the field of ufology.

This issue of 'quien .es quien', number 49, is dedicated to listing the 'PRINCIPALES GRUPOS DE INVESTIGACION OVNI' (Principal UFO Investigation Groups) across Europe. The magazine is published by Editorial 7 y Medio.

Review of '¿OVNIS? SI, PERO...' by Miguel Peyró

The main article is a review by Pere Redón of the book '¿OVNIS? SI, PERO...' by Miguel Peyró, a collaborator known to readers of 'STENDEK'. The book, published by Editorial 7 y Medio as part of their 'Sí Están' collection, is described as a comprehensive and detailed study of the UFO phenomenon.

Peyró's work begins by examining what is truly known about UFOs, comparing current knowledge with traditional accounts and offering a critical analysis of triumphalist methodologies in ufology. The book challenges conventional 'laws' regarding aerial phenomena and aims to demystify popular beliefs, particularly the extraterrestrial hypothesis.

A key aspect of Peyró's thesis is the comparison of aerial phenomena with other parallel historical anomalies, such as religious apparitions and parapsychological events. He argues that a single, unique phenomenon has accompanied humanity throughout its history, underlying all these manifestations. The book includes previously unpublished texts in Spain about the 1897 Airship Nave in the United States.

The reviewer notes that Peyró has extensively researched Carl Jung's 'collective unconscious' and its application to aerial phenomena. The book concludes with 'anticipated responses' to potential critics, referencing works published in the US and Belgium. Redón characterizes the book as controversial but emphasizes that such serious debate is crucial for deeper investigation. He concludes that Peyró's work brings a refreshing perspective to UFO studies in Spain.

Directory of UFO Investigation Groups

The second part of the magazine provides a directory of UFO investigation groups in various European countries:

• Portugal: C.E.C.O.P. (Lisboa) and C.E.A.F.I. (Porto), publisher of the bulletin 'Insolito'.
• England: FLYING SAUCER REVIEW (Maidstone, Kent), publisher of 'F.S.R.'; M.U.F.O.B. (Manchester); and B.U.F.O.R.A. (Thornton Le Fylde, Lancashire), publisher of 'BUFORA'.
• Switzerland: S.L.E.P.S. (Grand Lancy), publisher of 'SLEPS'.
• Sweden: G.I.C.O.F.F. (Goteborg), publisher of 'GICOFF'.
• Denmark: SKANDINAVISK UFO INFORMATION (Horsholm), publisher of 'UFO-NYT'.
• Germany: UFO NACHRICHTEN (Wiesbaden-Schierstein), publisher of 'UFO Nachrichten'; and C.Ε.Ν.Α.Ρ. (Mannheim), publisher of 'CENAP'.
• Belgium: G.E.S.A.C. (Brugges), publisher of 'Visiteurs Spatiaux'; and S.O.B.E.P.S. (Bruxelles), publisher of 'INFORESPACE'.
• Italy: C.U.N. (Milan), publisher of 'UFO Information'; and E.D.I.T.E.C.S. (Bologna), publisher of 'UFO Phenomena'.

The directory lists the organization's name, address, and the name of their publication (bulletin or revista).

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The issue strongly supports the critical examination of UFO phenomena, moving beyond simplistic explanations. It champions rigorous research and the exploration of historical and psychological dimensions of the phenomenon. The editorial stance appears to favor a nuanced approach that acknowledges the complexity of UFO sightings while remaining open to various interpretations, including those that challenge conventional extraterrestrial hypotheses. The inclusion of a comprehensive directory suggests an aim to connect researchers and foster a community of study within Spain and Europe.