Space Tracks - 1998 03 - ADA341588

Magazine Overview

SPACE TRACKS, a bulletin on Naval Space Issues and Initiatives from the Naval Space Command, presents its March/April 1998 issue. The publication focuses on the critical link between space capabilities and information superiority for naval operations, highlighting advancements in satellite technology, intelligence gathering, and communication systems.

The Critical Link for Information Superiority

The cover story emphasizes that SATCOM is the backbone of the future 'network centric' battlespace of 2010. Other key articles on the cover include "Exercise Exploits Hyperspectral Imagery," "Building Interoperable C4I for the Fleet," and "Reservists Bring Space to Countermine Demos."

Oceanographic Satellite Launched

A significant event detailed is the launch of the Navy's GeoSat Follow-On (GFO) meteorological-oceanographic satellite on February 10, 1998, from Vandenberg Air Force Base, California. This satellite, launched atop an Orbital Sciences Corporation Taurus vehicle, is designed to provide real-time altimetry data to forward-deployed tactical decision-makers, enhancing oceanic and atmospheric understanding for warfighters. Rear Admiral Kenneth Barbor, commander of the Naval Meteorology and Oceanography Command, stated that the GFO will allow for characterization of the oceans with high fidelity, aiding in understanding phenomena like El Niño. The GFO will support Navy, NOAA, NASA, and university ocean science, and its data will be provided via encrypted tactical downlink to Navy ships and facilities. The Naval Meteorology and Oceanography Command's Naval Oceanographic Office at Stennis Space Center will process the data, with the Space and Naval Warfare Systems Command Meteorological and Oceanographic Systems program office responsible for acquisition and launch. The Naval Space Command's Naval Satellite Operations Center (NAVSOC) will operate the GFO, with remote tracking sites in Maine and California.

UHF Satellite Marks 20 Years of Operation

This article celebrates the 20th anniversary of the launch of FLTSAT-1 on February 9, 1978. FLTSAT-1 was the first of eight spacecraft in the Fleet Satellite Communications (FLTSATCOM) system, designed to provide worldwide communications support to the fleet. The satellites were solar-powered and weighed over a ton, with extended solar panels measuring over 43 feet. The early FLTSATs carried three antenna systems and transponders for 23 UHF channels, with later versions modified to carry EHF communications. All eight FLTSATs were launched from Cape Canaveral, Florida, between 1978 and 1989. FLTSAT-1, initially positioned over the Pacific Ocean, is now over the Indian Ocean. Naval Space Command assumed on-orbit control in 1997. Currently, four FLTSAT spacecraft remain operational. The Navy is procuring a new constellation of UHF Follow-On (UFO) satellites, built by Hughes Space and Communications Co., featuring higher power transmitters. Six UFO spacecraft are currently operational, with a total of 10 ordered. NAVSPACECOM manages the UFO system, with Air Force Space Command's 3rd Satellite Operations Squadron exercising initial control.

Exercise Kernel Blitz Tests Exploitation of Imagery for Littoral Warfare

This article details Exercise Kernel Blitz 97, held in June 1997 at Camp Pendleton, California, which tested the exploitation of hyperspectral imagery for littoral warfare. The Hyperspectral MASINT Support to Military Operations (HYMSMO) program provided tactical intelligence products to amphibious force commanders. The exercise aimed to provide intelligence preparation of the battlefield, focusing on detecting land-based and maritime mines. Hyperspectral sensors collect data in hundreds of spectral bands, offering higher spectral resolution than multispectral imagery. The HYDICE airborne sensor was used for mapping operations. The process involved collecting raw data, converting it to an usable format, and then transmitting it via the Global Broadcast System (GBS). The Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) updated its baseline map with hyperspectral data. Exploitation teams produced first-phase hyperspectral products, which were coordinated with the Marine Corps Imagery Support Unit (MCISU) and transmitted to the Joint Intelligence Center Pacific (JICPAC) for dissemination to the U.S. Pacific Fleet. The GBS proved crucial for rapid data transmission, cutting dissemination time by over 50 percent. Over 60 anomalous objects were detected and categorized based on spectral properties.

A Constant Vigil

This section describes the Naval Space Command's space surveillance network, known as the "Fence." The Fence consists of three transmitters and six receivers along a great circle across the southern U.S. It monitors objects at various altitudes, including the semi-synchronous altitude where GPS satellites orbit. The system has a longitudinal width covering from Africa to beyond Hawaii and can see past geosynchronous altitudes. On a typical day, the Fence observes over 160,000 objects, primarily in near-Earth orbits. The image processing was done by Edward D. Lydick, II.

Programs Focus on Improving Information Flow in Joint Military Operations

This article by Richard L. Buko discusses deficiencies in command and control, communications, and intelligence (C3I) highlighted by Operation Desert Storm and recent contingencies, particularly a lack of interoperability and insufficient capacity at Defense Satellite Communications System (DSCS) ground entry points. The Joint Staff implemented the Standard Tactical Entry Point (STEP) program to upgrade Digital Communications Satellite Subsystems (DCSS) at ground entry stations, standardizing access to strategic networks through the Defense Information Systems Network (DISN). The initiative includes the pre-positioning of Joint Voice and Data Services (JVDS) at STEP sites. The Defense Switch Network (DSN) and Defense Red Switch Network (DRSN) provide secure voice communications, while the Non-secure Internet Protocol Router Network (NIPRNET) and Secure Internet Protocol Router Network (SIPRNET) offer IP services. The Joint Worldwide Intelligence Communications System (JWICS) provides a secure, high-speed multimedia network for sensitive compartmented information (SCI). Video Teleconference (VTC) will offer a standardized network for joint force teleconferencing. STEP sites will also provide tactical voice interface through Tri-Tac switch systems. The article notes that previously, only two Navy flagships could communicate with ground mobile forces; this capability is being expanded to other large-deck ships. The modification will support joint task force commanders and component commanders. The STEP program provides the primary components for a Joint Task Force, ensuring interoperable C4I services globally. The requirement for Navy SHF-capable forces is growing, leading to a program to upgrade specific STEP sites to support this growth, referred to as Navy STEP (N-STEP) sites.

Joint Interoperability Through STEP/N-STEP

This section elaborates on the STEP/N-STEP program, detailing its support for Joint Task Force (JTF) components and its role in providing immediate/temporary access to DISN secret and unclassified data networks. It outlines the Advanced Digital Multiplex System (ADMS) and its role in supporting naval ship interface to DISN services. The article explains that the STEP/N-STEP program is funded to upgrade 15 sites worldwide, with 10 designated for N-STEP configurations. Each STEP site is a joint asset under the operational control of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, with access managed by DISA. Access to ITSDN services is restricted to unified CINC-validated and approved missions. The "Teleport" concept is introduced as a strategy to form a seamless multi-frequency transport system for deployed access to DISN, integrating commercial satellite communications, GBS, UHF SATCOM, Milstar, and Global Fiber. The article also mentions the collocation of GBS injection stations and commercial ground entry stations with STEP sites. DISN provides the terrestrial transport from STEP to backbone switches, routers, or hubs for tactical circuits. The primary N-STEP sites for SHF-capable ships are Navy satellite communications facilities at NCTAMS and NCTS. The need for non-Navy manned N-STEP sites to support the proliferation of SHF-capable ships is anticipated.

Satellite Operations Upgraded

This brief section reports on the ribbon-cutting ceremony for the redesigned computer and control centers at the Naval Satellite Operations Center (NAVSOC) in Point Mugu, California, on November 24. The upgrade enhances NAVSOC's ability to provide satellite telemetry support. Capt. M. M. Herbert is the NAVSOC commanding officer.

Naval Reservists Lend Space Expertise to Countermine Technology Demonstrations

This article discusses the participation of Navy and Marine Corps reservists in the second Joint Countermine (JCM) Advanced Concepts Technology Demonstration (ACTD) scheduled for April and May in Newfoundland. The exercise focuses on demonstrating seamless amphibious mine countermeasure operations. Reservists, including those with expertise in science, technology, space systems, and intelligence, augmented the system evaluation team. Capt. Donald N. Thackery served as the reserve support manager, and Capt. John Hobday was the officer-in-charge of the reserve detachment. The reservists monitored novel system prototypes, including airborne blue-green laser imagers, autonomous vehicles for explosives neutralization, and ground-penetrating mine detectors. Capt. Thackery received a Meritorious Service Medal for his role in planning and coordinating reserve support for the first JCM ACTD.

Celebrating 15 Years of Support to the Naval Warfighter

This article commemorates the 15th anniversary of the establishment of the Naval Space Command on October 1, 1983. The command was created to emphasize the operational aspects of space support to fleet operations, with Commodore Richard Truly taking command. Initially comprising 72 military and civilian personnel, it managed the Navy Astronautics Group and the Naval Space Surveillance Center. The command's structure was envisioned as a triangle involving requirements collection, program sponsorship, and system execution. Over time, Naval Space Command assumed operational management of Navy UHF satellite communications and the Relocatable Over-the-Horizon Radar (ROTHR). It also took responsibility for the Navy SLOW WALKER program, placing Navy operators at Air Force ground stations. The command has developed various training tools and programs to educate Navy and Marine Corps personnel on the contributions of satellite systems to their missions.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The recurring themes in this issue of SPACE TRACKS revolve around the increasing importance of space-based assets and technologies for naval operations, intelligence gathering, and information superiority. The publication consistently highlights the Naval Space Command's role in managing, developing, and integrating these capabilities. There is a strong emphasis on interoperability between different services and systems, as well as the transition to new technologies like hyperspectral imagery and the UHF Follow-On satellites. The editorial stance is clearly pro-space, advocating for its crucial role in modern warfare and supporting the continuous development and application of space technologies for the naval warfighter. The magazine also showcases the contributions of reservists and the ongoing evolution of space support infrastructure.

Title: SPACE TRACKS
Issue: March/April 1998
Volume: 15th
Publisher: Naval Space Command
Country: USA
Language: English

This issue of SPACE TRACKS, dated March/April 1998, focuses heavily on the critical role of satellite communications (SATCOM) in future naval warfare and the strategic decisions required to maintain information superiority. It highlights upcoming budget deliberations, technological advancements, and the operational needs of the U.S. Navy in a rapidly evolving global security landscape. The magazine also features personnel news, training opportunities, and specific command activities.

The Critical Link: SATCOM's Role in Future Naval Warfare

Cmdr. Austin W. Boyd, Jr., in his article "The Critical Link," emphasizes that the period between 1998 and 2000 is crucial for Navy decision-making regarding "information superiority" and the funding of C4I systems that will define the warfighter of 2010. He warns that without adequate attention to SATCOM and information technology needs, naval forces may struggle to win future conflicts. Boyd stresses that the Navy is uniquely dependent on SATCOM for information transfer and that proactive space support is essential for dominance.

The article outlines the shift in joint and naval doctrine, such as "Forward...From the Sea" and "Joint Vision 2010," which prioritize information superiority, dominant maneuver, full dimensional protection, precision engagement, and focused logistics. SATCOM is identified as the key to information connectivity for joint maritime warfighters.

A significant challenge highlighted is the aging of current military satellite communications systems, with many reaching end-of-life between 2003-2007. Replenishing these systems will require a substantial investment of $40-65 billion, necessitating strong service support and compelling arguments for funding.

Space and terminal systems must be fielded between 2003-2010 to keep naval forces integrated into the joint battle picture. The article warns that without near-term budget support, naval forces could face a marginal presence in joint task forces and lose tactical advantages.

Naval forces are expected to continue supporting joint and combined operations, crisis response, regional conflicts, and forward presence missions. Without SATCOM, these forces cannot meet the demands of the "information grid" that links sensor systems (radar, space, acoustic) with "shooter grids" (ships, aircraft, ground armor, submarines, soldiers).

By 2010, the battlespace is envisioned as "network-centric," with numerous shooters linked to sensors via SATCOM-based networks, similar to the Internet. The article predicts a significant increase in the demand for communication "pipe" capacity, with needs potentially reaching 20-80 Mbps for aircraft carriers by 2010, depending on Navy participation in programs like unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and precision-guided munitions (PGMs).

The article contrasts the current bandwidth of two megabits per second (Mbps) of SATCOM data throughput with the projected need for up to 10 Mbps by 2003-2005. The burgeoning requirement for over 1,000 Global Command and Control System (GCCS) terminals on an aircraft carrier, along with voice, video, and quality-of-life communication systems, will push current bandwidth allocations to saturation.

The "AOL Model" is used to illustrate the potential for SATCOM demand to skyrocket, similar to how America Online temporarily crashed due to overwhelming subscriber demand. The article notes that while some may scoff at the projected bandwidth needs, the rapid advancement of processor systems and data demand on warships and aircraft will necessitate these increases.

Joint planners aim to reduce strike planning cycles from days to hours, requiring rapid sharing of wideband files. The Army's digitization efforts, leading to a fully digitized battlespace by 2005-2007, will require all platforms to have communications capabilities for total battlespace awareness.

Over-the-horizon targeting and weapons control for PGMs will require extensive SATCOM connectivity. Emerging concepts for Tomahawk missiles, for instance, will need up to 10 Mbps links for real-time bomb damage assessment from video links on board the missile.

Cooperative Engagement Capability (CEC) on Aegis cruisers will require several Mbps per ship to link shooters for tactical ballistic missile detection and defense. UAVs like Global Hawk and Dark Star will need links of up to 274 Mbps per aircraft for imagery transfer.

Future needs also include increased demand for quality-of-life programs, such as Internet and e-mail access, video teletraining, telemedicine, and telemaintenance.

The article concludes by emphasizing that tough budget decisions must be made in the next two years to fund SATCOM systems, spacecraft, and terminals. Key decisions by the Joint Space Management Board will shape satellite constellations through 2015, with the joint battle in 2010 hinging on information superiority. Navy must prioritize C4I systems to be ready for the C4I-intensive battlespace of tomorrow, making difficult trade-offs between "bombs, barracks, and bits."

Naval Space Command Activities and Deployments

Several sections detail the activities of the Naval Space Command (NAVSPACECOM):

• Naval Space Support Team Deploys to Southwest Asia: In response to Iraq's obstruction of UN inspection teams, NAVSPACECOM deployed a support team to Bahrain to assist Commander Fifth Fleet (C5F). Lt.Cmdr. Julia Petritsch led the team, equipped with Theater Space Operations Cell (TSOC) equipment to generate space information products, exploit imagery, and provide email connectivity. She also brought multi-spectral imagery of Southwest Asia produced by NAVSPACECOM's Remote Earth Sensing Information Center.
• International Support Group Addresses Communications Issues: NAVSPACECOM hosted the Permanent Support Coordination Group (PSCG), a multinational working group focused on aligning naval communications policies and interoperability. The group discussed issues including information management, HF interoperability, combat ID, networking at sea, SATCOM, battle group e-mail, and video conferencing.
• Space Liaison Officer Supports Joint Task Force: Officers from NAVSPACECOM are deployed rotationally to provide on-site support to the Commander, Joint Task Force-Southwest Asia (JTF-SWA). These officers represent U.S. Space Command on the task force staff, providing direct access to space products and services, training on space-based systems, and advice on tactical applications. They also assist with theater missile defense (TMD) architecture, system operations, and configuration, and participate in exercise programs.
• Naval Space Command Activities by 1989: The magazine lists subordinate activities and responsibilities of the Naval Space Command by 1989, including the Navy Astronautics Group, Naval Space Surveillance Center, Fleet Surveillance Support Command, Naval Space Command Reserve Unit, Marine Corps Reserve Augmentation Unit, Naval Space Command Detachment in Colorado Springs, Naval Space Command Detachment ECHO, and the Navy TENCAP Detachment in Dahlgren.
• Naval Satellite Operations Center (NAVSOC): In January 1990, the Navy Astronautics Group at Point Mugu was renamed NAVSOC. This center controlled TRANSIT navigation satellites and experimental satellites like GEOSAT, which collected ocean topography data for the TRIDENT program.

Space Training Opportunities

The magazine details several space training courses offered by the Interservice Space Intelligence Operations (ISIOC) and Interservice Space Fundamentals Course (ISFC) programs. These courses are designed for military and civilian personnel across all armed services, covering space system operations, command and control warfare, and fundamental knowledge of space operations and environments. Classes are scheduled throughout FY98 at the Air Education and Training Center in Colorado Springs, Colo.

Personnel News and Awards

The "People in the News" section highlights several individuals recognized for their achievements:

• Annual Awards Honor Military, Civilian Employees:
• Petty Officer 1st Class Denise J. W. Tucker was named NAVSPACECOM Shore Sailor of the Year for her management of a local area network upgrade and her volunteer work.
• John P. Metts, III, an aerospace engineer, was named Civilian of the Year for his technical support of the command's mission system database.
• Charles E. Hutchinson was named Watchstander of the Year for his work as a supervisory space control analyst, characterizing orbits and discovering new space objects.
• Petty Officer 1st Class Randy S. Otis was named Headquarters Sailor of the Year for developing and maintaining a system for tracking EHF satellite outages.
• Petty Officer 2nd Class Charles J. Taylor, Jr., was named Headquarters Junior Sailor of the Year for his intelligence analysis and work as a command briefer.
• People of the Quarter:
• Petty Officer 2nd Class Lisa A. Munro was selected as Junior Sailor of the Quarter for her work in training watchstanders and maintaining mission readiness.
• Bobbi J. Anderson was named Civilian of the Quarter for her extensive work processing mail, packages, and documents, and assisting with travel orders and budget briefings.
• Elmer E. (Ed) Clair was named Operations Watchstander of the Quarter for his role in tracking space objects to compute potential close encounters with the space shuttle.
• Marshall M. Groves was named Automated Data Processing (ADP) Watchstander of the Quarter for restoring data processing operations during a data line outage.

Other Noteworthy Items

• Chugach Awarded 'Fence' Maintenance Contract: Chugach Telecommunications and Computers, Inc. (CTC) was awarded a contract to operate and maintain Naval Space Command's network of space surveillance field stations.
• Navy-Industry Partnership Refines Imaging Technology: The Naval Research Laboratory is developing the Navy Earth Map Observer (NEMO) imaging satellite program in partnership with the Space Technology Development Corp. to refine hyperspectral imaging technology for Earth observation.
• Teacher Workshop Focuses on 'Teaching Tomorrow's Astronauts': Naval Space Command sponsored a workshop for elementary school teachers, focusing on preparing students for future careers in aerospace, with Dr. Jerry Brown of the U.S. Space Foundation as a key speaker.
• Sodium Sulfur Batteries Tested on Space Shuttle: An experiment developed by the Naval Research Laboratory flew aboard space shuttle Columbia's mission STS-87 to test sodium sulfur batteries for potential use in powering satellites, noting their higher energy density compared to nickel-hydrogen batteries.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The recurring themes in this issue revolve around the increasing reliance on space-based assets, particularly SATCOM, for modern military operations, especially naval warfare. There is a strong emphasis on the need for significant investment in C4I systems and SATCOM infrastructure to ensure information superiority and maintain a technological edge in future conflicts. The magazine also highlights the importance of personnel development, training, and inter-service cooperation in achieving these strategic goals. The editorial stance appears to be one of advocacy for increased funding and strategic planning for space capabilities to meet evolving national security requirements.

Title: SPACE TRACKS
Issue: March/April 1998
Publisher: Naval Space Command
Country: USA
Language: English

This issue of SPACE TRACKS, dated March/April 1998, focuses on personnel news and achievements within the Naval Space Command and related organizations. The cover highlights "Lt. Thompson Heads JTAGS Detachment" and features portraits of individuals under the "PEOPLE IN THE NEWS" section.

Key Personnel Announcements and Awards

Lt. Thompson Heads JTAGS Detachment

Lt. Teresia J. Thompson assumed command of Naval Space Command's Detachment Echo in Chesapeake, Virginia, on February 10. She succeeded Lt.Cmdr. Tina Paco, who had led the detachment since December 1994. Detachment Echo personnel operate the Joint Tactical Ground Station (JTAGS), a joint Army-Navy system that provides direct downlink of missile warning information to theater forces. Members of this detachment are deployed to operational JTAGS sites in Korea and Germany. Lt. Thompson's previous assignment was as officer in charge of U.S. Naval Forces Europe's Emergency Action Message Cell at NAS Sigonella. She is a history graduate of Miami University and was commissioned through the Naval Reserve Officer Training Corps. Her prior service included roles as legal officer and assistant administrative officer.

Navy Reservist Astronauts Earn Distinguished Flying Cross

Two Naval Reservists and former NASA Space Shuttle commanders, Capt. Kenneth Cockrell and Capt. William Readdy, were awarded the Distinguished Flying Cross (DFC) on December 19. Secretary of the Navy John H. Dalton presented the awards, emphasizing that these individuals represent the best of America and the Naval Reserve Force. This marks the second time in history that naval officers in the space program have received the DFC, with Capt. Steve Oswald being the first. Capt. Cockrell, a former A-7 Corsair and F/A-18 Hornet pilot, holds a mission duration record of 17 days, 15 hours, and 53 minutes and is currently the deputy chief of the Astronaut Office at NASA. Capt. Readdy recently docked with the Russian space station Mir during a mission to exchange U.S. astronauts.

Space Plans Director is Copernicus Awardee

Cmdr. Austin Boyd, director of Naval Space Command's Space Plans Division, received the 1997 Copernicus Award. This award was presented at the west coast's largest conference and exposition on communications, weapons systems, electronics, intelligence, and information systems, held in San Diego from January 14-16. The Copernicus Awards recognize individual contributions to naval warfare in C4I, information systems, and information warfare. Cmdr. Boyd was among 140 nominees selected by the Armed Forces Communications and Electronics Association (AFCEA) and the U.S. Naval Institute. His nomination highlighted his leadership in establishing a solid naval satellite communications architecture and providing critical leadership at the joint level as a principal member of the DoD Military SATCOM Architecture Transition Team. He also led the development of concepts of operations and procedures for Polar Extremely-High-Frequency SATCOM, Global Broadcast Service, and the implementation of Ultra-High-Frequency Demand Assigned Multiple Access (DAMA). Additionally, he developed a graduate-level course on naval MILSATCOM concepts and operations for the Naval Postgraduate School.

Space Flight Awareness Program Honors Employees

Members of Naval Space Command and the Naval Satellite Operations Center (NAVSOC) were honored for their support of NASA's manned space program. Herbert Reynolds, a computer specialist in NAVSPACECOM's Analysis/Quality Assurance Branch, monitors space objects in orbit to ensure the Space Shuttle's flight path does not pose a risk. For his work, Reynolds was invited to the launch of Space Shuttle Atlantis' mission STS-86 as an honoree of the Space Flight Awareness Program. Petty Officer 1st Class Haywood Davidson, Jr., from NAVSOC, was a guest for the launch of Space Shuttle Endeavor's STS-89 mission. Davidson is an electronics technician and heads the Laguna Peak department at NAVSOC headquarters in Point Mugu, California, which is a satellite tracking and injection station.

Other Personnel Recognitions

Navy & Marine Corps Commendation Medals

Several individuals received Navy & Marine Corps Commendation Medals for their service:

• Lt. Sara Ostrom: Served as the Joint Tactical Ground Station (JTAGS) program officer from January 1996 to December 1997, managing the development of the naval theater ballistic missile defense architecture and serving as a space surveillance officer.
• Lt. Cliffton Phillips: Headed the command's Force Enhancement Section since January 1996, managing the dissemination of ephemeris data for the space catalog and overseeing the Communications Security Management System.
• Lt. Denise Becker: Served as training division officer and Pacific Fleet Naval Space Support Team member from November 1994 to November 1997, qualifying as a space surveillance officer and developing a training program for Naval Space Operations Center watchstanders. She also supported exercises like Roving Sands and Bright Star.
• Lt.Cmdr. Tina Paco: Cited for her leadership in coordinating the change of homeport for Detachment Echo and for her support of JTAGS elements in Korea and Germany.

Navy & Marine Corps Achievement Medal

• EW2 Bob Baker: Recognized for his role as work center supervisor and assistant ADP officer in the operations department aboard USS Whidbey Island, where he was a key player in the installation and testing of the Ram missile and the upgrade of the AN/SLQ-32(V) system.

Special Act Award

• Sandra A. Bone: Received a Special Act Award for her efforts in coordinating the Industry Day for Naval Satellite Communications hosted by the command.

Letters of Commendation and Appreciation

The issue also lists numerous individuals who received Letters of Commendation and Letters of Appreciation, acknowledging their contributions.

From the Master Chief: Professional ... Sailor

ETCM Alan G. Kinder discusses the concept of professionalism within the Navy. He reflects on what it means to be a professional, citing definitions related to skill, experience, and assured competence. Kinder suggests that while technical skills are well-developed, Sailors sometimes fail to "act professional" due to a lack of formal training and consistent leadership. He emphasizes the importance of instilling Navy core values and modeling professional behavior at all times. Kinder believes that most Sailors want to do a good job and be professionals, but it requires effort from leaders to ensure they have the opportunity.

Calendar of Events

The calendar section lists upcoming Meetings & Symposia and Courses & Seminars relevant to the aerospace and defense industry, including events sponsored by AIAA, AFCEA, and George Washington University.

Department of the Navy Information

Contact information for the Naval Space Command in Dahlgren, Virginia, is provided, along with details on third-class bulk rate postage.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The recurring themes in this issue are personnel achievements, awards, and professional development within the naval space and defense community. The editorial stance appears to be one of recognition and celebration of the accomplishments of individuals and units, while also addressing the importance of professionalism and leadership within the Navy.