Sokaren - 1999 No 04

Magazine Overview

Title: Sökaren
Issue: Nr 4, 1999, Årgång 36
Date: August 1999
Publisher: Sökaren
Price: 50:- inkl moms

This issue of Sökaren, a Swedish magazine focused on life questions, features a diverse range of articles exploring spirituality, philosophy, religion, and parapsychology.

Cover Story: Advaita Philosophy with Dr. Vijai S. Shankar

The cover story introduces Dr. Vijai S. Shankar, who teaches Advaita, the Indian philosophy of non-duality. Advaita means 'not two,' and enlightenment, according to Dr. Shankar, is the realization of the unity of all things, understanding that time and space are illusions. He explains that enlightened beings experience bliss and that all souls are divine, destined to reach enlightenment. The creation is described as a spectacle for the ego, with the ego playing roles while the true self observes without participation.

Article: The Seeking Madmen (De sökande galningarna) by Bertil Falk

Bertil Falk explores the concept of 'siddhas' or 'mahasiddhas,' often called 'mad yogis,' who achieved enlightenment through unique and sometimes unconventional methods. These individuals, primarily from India between 600-1100 AD, found their paths to nirvana through practices tailored to their specific life situations. Examples include Tsaluka, who achieved enlightenment by meditating on an ocean while lying in a grave; Kalapa, who found peace by visualizing and then releasing the image of a goddess; and Godhara, a bird-catcher who meditated on the songs of birds. The article also touches upon the 84 (or 85) such figures, including women like Manibhadra, Mekhala, Kanakhala, and Laksminkara. Falk highlights that these yogis achieved their states by meditating within their everyday realities, whether it was Tilopa trampling sesame seeds or Manibhadra fulfilling marital duties.

The article also briefly touches upon Buddhist beliefs, stating that Buddhists are atheists who do not believe in a creator God but in self-creation. They believe in reincarnation but not the transmigration of the soul, distinguishing it from the Hindu concept of 'själavandring' (soul wandering). The Buddhist concept is that consciousness, not the soul, reincarnates, influenced by karma.

Article: Can Reincarnation Fit into Christianity? (Kan reinkarnationsläran få plats i kristendomen?) by Jürgen Vater

Jürgen Vater discusses the growing acceptance of reincarnation among Christians and explores its potential compatibility with Christian doctrine. He notes that while not explicitly mentioned in the Bible, some interpretations and philosophical traditions, like those influenced by Rudolf Steiner, allow for the concept. The article references theological works by Norbert Bischofberger and Rüdiger Sachau, who suggest that reincarnation is not necessary but possible within a Christian framework, offering a way to reconcile the problem of theodicy.

Article: New Findings on Meditation and Teleportation (Nya rön om meditation och teleportation) by Peter Jansson

This article reports on the work of quantum physicist John Hagelin, who presented new research on meditation and its effects. Hagelin, associated with the TM movement, discussed how transcendental meditation can improve individual lives and positively influence society, citing studies on reduced crime rates during mass meditations. He also presented findings from brain research, indicating that meditation can activate previously dormant brain areas and lead to more holistic brain function. The article also touches upon quantum teleportation experiments, suggesting that objects can be transferred through quantum entanglement.

Article: Can Free Will and Reincarnation Solve the Problem of Theodicy? (Kan fri vilja och reinkarnation lösa teodicé-problemet?) by Jan Erik Sigdell

Jan Erik Sigdell argues that the concept of a soul and a creator (God) is philosophically and logically justifiable, even if not empirically provable. He posits that the existence of a soul is necessary to address the problem of theodicy, which questions how a good and omnipotent God can allow suffering. Sigdell suggests that free will, respected by God, leads to choices that result in suffering. He proposes that reincarnation provides a mechanism for learning and completing experiences, rather than eternal punishment. This perspective, he argues, offers a more comprehensive solution to the problem of suffering than traditional religious doctrines.

Article: Nordic Worldview is Not 'Asatro' (Fornnordisk livssyn är inte "asatro") by Östen Kjellman

Östen Kjellman challenges the term 'asatro' (belief in the Aesir gods) as an accurate representation of the ancient Nordic worldview. He argues that the focus should be on the 'old custom' (hin forni sidr) and the high-minded culture of the time, rather than solely on mythology. Kjellman outlines key aspects of this worldview: belief in a great, incomprehensible divine force ('fulltrui'), worship in natural settings like groves and rivers, a different understanding of God compared to the despotic Eastern concept, and a strong emphasis on honor, truthfulness, courage, and self-reliance. He contrasts this with the Christian emphasis on obedience, self-mortification, and poverty.

Article: St. George as the Knight of the Sorrowful Countenance (Sankt Göran som Riddaren av den sorgliga skepnaden) by Erland Lagerroth

Erland Lagerroth continues his debate with the organization 'Vetenskap och Folkbildning' (Science and Popular Enlightenment). He criticizes their reductionist scientific approach, which prioritizes fundamental laws (like those of quarks) over emergent properties of complex systems (like human beings or galaxies). Lagerroth argues that higher levels of organization have their own unique qualities and cannot be fully explained by their constituent parts. He uses examples from chemistry (water and salt) to illustrate how new properties emerge when elements combine. He also critiques the organization's dismissal of figures like Ilya Prigogine and their perceived lack of openness to ideas outside their narrow scientific paradigm.

Article: Don't Fool Yourself! (Att lura sig själv!) by SM

This short piece by SM discusses the importance of critical thinking and seeking truth, even when it is uncomfortable. It criticizes those who only seek information that confirms their existing beliefs and dismisses critical or scientific literature. The author highlights the phenomenon of 'channeling,' suggesting that the messages often attributed to spirits or guides are actually creations of the medium's subconscious mind, forming temporary, fictional personalities.

Sökarnyheter (Seeker News)

• This section features brief news items:
• Anna-Greta Ångström: Death of a Sufi leader.
• Artist and Vegetarian: Charlotte Nilsson's shift to vegetarianism due to concerns about mad cow disease.
• Association for Research: The formation of an association to promote scientific research into anomalies in biophysics.
• Karin Kring: Death of a lymph and rose therapist.
• Lilly Johansson: Death of a health advocate known for her work with vegan diets.
• Frukterianer: Discussion of the fruitarian diet, with examples of individuals who follow it.
• She Talks to Animals: A report on individuals who claim to communicate telepathically with animals, and the scientific skepticism surrounding such claims.
• Eat Less Sugar!: An article from the magazine Hälsa about the negative health impacts of refined sugar.
• Animal Rights: The Nordic Samfundet mot plågsamma djurförsök is changing its name to Förbundet Djurens Rätt (The Animal Rights Association).
• Advaita Vedanta: A mention of Advaita Vedanta in the magazine 'What is Enlightenment?', highlighting its non-dualistic philosophy and its popularity as a path to enlightenment.
• CANHELP: News from the CANHELP organization about their educational initiatives, including discussions on the limitations of the materialistic worldview and the emergence of new paradigms.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The magazine consistently promotes critical inquiry, the search for truth, and an open-minded yet discerning approach to spiritual and philosophical ideas. It encourages readers to question established beliefs, explore diverse perspectives, and engage with scientific and philosophical research. The editorial stance appears to favor a rational and evidence-based approach, while remaining open to phenomena that challenge conventional understanding. There is a clear emphasis on personal responsibility, self-awareness, and the pursuit of deeper meaning in life.

This issue of Sökaren magazine, dated April 1999, is primarily focused on the concept of an 'Inner Manhattan Project,' as detailed in the cover story by Kerstin Stina Carlsson. The magazine delves into spiritual, psychological, and philosophical themes, with contributions from various authors exploring the nature of consciousness, religion, and human potential.

The Inner Manhattan Project

The main article, "Det inre Manhattanprojektet" (The Inner Manhattan Project), by Kerstin Stina Carlsson, introduces Peter Russell's proposal for a new kind of project. Unlike the historical Manhattan Project focused on destructive nuclear weapons, Russell's vision is to harness human potential for spiritual growth and awakening. This would involve research in neuroscience, psychology, and the study of human consciousness to foster inner maturity. The article critiques humanity's self-destructive tendencies, attributing them to a flawed 'program' of materialistic values and a confusion between physical and spiritual needs. It highlights how this leads to a constant pursuit of external achievements for inner satisfaction, a cycle that perpetuates crises.

Peter Russell believes that the root of this problem lies not in our genes but in our attitudes and values, our perception of life, and what we deem most important. He posits that humans have physical and psychological needs, and while basic physical needs are met, spiritual and inner needs are often misaddressed, leading to societal and personal crises. This is further exacerbated by a culture that promotes competition and the belief that external wealth equates to happiness.

The article discusses the concept of 'enlightenment' as described by Buddha, not as a divine status but as a state of being 'awake' and experiencing reality as it is, free from distortion by hopes and fears. It emphasizes that enlightenment is not mystical or unattainable but a natural state of being. Several historical figures like Jesus, Francis of Assisi, and Gandhi are mentioned as examples of enlightened individuals whose core message was about unity, compassion, and interconnectedness.

Vijai Shankar: Giving Voice to the Absolute

Another significant piece features an interview with Dr. Vijai Shankar, who discusses enlightenment from the perspective of Advaita Vedanta, the Indian teaching that all is one. Shankar emphasizes that enlightenment is the transcendence of all dualities, where opposites cease to exist as such. He explains that ordinary people are divine souls having human experiences, and the striving for enlightenment is a natural progression. He likens the human journey to a seed destined to become a tree, eventually seeking to escape misery and suffering. Shankar also touches upon the concept of free will, suggesting that from the absolute perspective, one's will is known only after the action is performed. He describes enlightenment as a state of being, not a feeling, and a process that requires courage, with few achieving the state of samadhi (union with the absolute) and fewer still returning fully transformed.

Debatt: The Achilles' Heel of Culture

This section, primarily authored by Håkan Blomqvist, critically examines the role of inner voices and visions in religion and the formation of belief systems. It presents historical examples, such as William Dudley Pelley, Muna el-Saeda, and Shoko Asahara, whose actions were influenced by perceived divine or spiritual guidance, leading to harmful ideologies and actions. Blomqvist argues that these 'inner voices' are often misinterpretations of psychological phenomena, influenced by cultural backgrounds, and that the teachings derived from them are inherently contradictory and ultimately false.

The article critiques religious psychology and theology for often acting as apologists rather than objective researchers, particularly in Sweden where religious psychology is closely tied to theology. It highlights how the content of visions and auditions is culturally determined, with Catholic visions often featuring the Virgin Mary, unlike in Protestant countries. The author advocates for a secular humanism that liberates individuals from the constraints of religious dogma and superstition.

Several authors contribute to this section, including Sigurd Hoel, who offers a quote about not trying to remove a dung heap with a silver spoon, implying that superficial solutions are ineffective for deep-rooted problems. The section also includes discussions on the nature of mysticism, the limitations of scientific inquiry in understanding subjective experiences, and the importance of intellectual honesty in religious discourse.

Book Reviews

The magazine features several book reviews:

• "En ny världsbild växer fram" (A New Worldview is Emerging) by Göran Brusewitz: Reviewed by Rolf Ejvegård, this book explores parapsychology and related topics, suggesting a new worldview emerging from these fields. The reviewer notes its strengths in covering a wide range of topics and providing extensive references, while also pointing out the author's lack of formal scientific training.
• "Våga vilja leva vidare efter en svår förlust" (Dare to Live On After a Difficult Loss) by Harald Bloomfield: Reviewed by Nils-Olof Jacobson, this book offers guidance on coping with loss, moving through stages of grief, and finding a way to live again.
• "Använd din livskraft" (Use Your Life Force) by Eva Jimsdotter: Also reviewed by Nils-Olof Jacobson, this book is praised for its practical approach to self-development, offering exercises for personal growth.
• "Ingen eller någon" (No One or Someone) by Maj-Britt Lindahl: Reviewed by Nils-Olof Jacobson, this book explores the author's method for self-knowledge by listening to one's inner voice.
• "Själens fem stadier" (The Five Stages of the Soul) by Harry R. Moody and David Carrol: Reviewed by Nils-Olof Jacobson, this book outlines the spiritual journey through five stages: The Calling, The Seeking, The Struggle, The Breakthrough, and The Return.
• "Ditt liv i dina händer" (Your Life in Your Hands) by Birgitta Sirath: Reviewed by Nils-Olof Jacobson, this book offers a method for personal development through palmistry, based on Chinese philosophy.
• "Jag har aldrig haft så roligt som efter 60" (I've Never Had So Much Fun After 60) by Ruben Hammarberg: Reviewed by Nils-Olof Jacobson, this book provides advice for seniors on how to live a fulfilling life.
• "Nybörjarens guide till medialitet" (Beginner's Guide to Mediumship) by Larry Dreller: Reviewed by Rolf Ejvegård, this book offers practical advice on developing mediumistic abilities.
• "Filosofiska dikter" (Philosophical Poems) by Rolf Fridholm: A collection of poems reflecting on nature and life's big questions.
• "Den forna seden" (The Ancient Custom) by Östen Kjellman: Reviewed by Rolf Ejvegård, this extensive work documents the history, culture, and religion of the Germanic and Viking peoples, arguing for the superiority of Norse culture. The reviewer critically examines Kjellman's biased presentation and unsubstantiated claims.

Other Sections

• "Din väg blockeras av tempel" (Your Path is Blocked by Temples) by Bertil Falk: This article discusses the Baul singers of Bengal, their philosophy of direct connection with God, and their rejection of religious institutions. It includes translated Baul poetry and references Rabindranath Tagore's appreciation for Baul music.
• "New Age i Kykladerna" (New Age in the Cyclades) by Peter Östman: A reportage on Iris, a New Age center on the Greek island of Amorgos, run by Karin Oscarsson and Vasilis. It describes their activities, including Tai Chi, meditation, and herbal walks, and the challenges of integrating New Age practices into traditional Greek culture.
• "Universums gåta" (The Riddle of the Universe): A short philosophical reflection on the mysteries of existence and the human search for meaning.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The magazine consistently explores themes of spirituality, consciousness, and alternative ways of understanding reality, often contrasting them with conventional scientific or religious paradigms. There is a strong emphasis on personal growth, inner development, and questioning established norms. The editorial stance appears to be open to exploring these alternative perspectives, while also maintaining a critical and analytical approach, particularly in the 'Debatt' section, which scrutinizes the foundations of religious beliefs and the influence of inner experiences on human behavior. The reviews of books on New Age, parapsychology, and self-help indicate a focus on contemporary spiritual and psychological movements. The magazine seems to advocate for a more holistic and integrated understanding of life, bridging the gap between the inner and outer worlds.

Title: Sökaren
Issue: 4/1999
Date: 1999
Main Cover Headline: Vi plågar djuren (We torture animals)

This issue of Sökaren features an editorial titled "Vi plågar djuren" (We torture animals), written by Sven Magnusson from Skoghall. The editorial is a response to a DN newspaper article that commented on a public opinion poll regarding animal testing, taking a stance in favor of painful animal experiments.

Editorial: Vi plågar djuren

The editorial begins by addressing a DN newspaper editorial from June 29th, which had the headline "Möss framför människor" (Mice before humans). This DN editorial commented on an opinion poll and supported the idea of painful animal experiments, characterizing those who opposed them as thoughtless. The author notes that DN often uses the term "animal experiments" without specifying "painful," thus blurring the distinction.

The author, Sven Magnusson, sent a swift reply to DN, which was not published but was posted on a DN debate page on the Internet. He argues that DN's editorial and the commissioned opinion poll fail to differentiate between painful and non-painful animal experiments. If this distinction were made, he suggests, animal experiments would not necessarily need to be rejected outright.

The core moral question, according to Magnusson, is whether humans have the right to inflict suffering on defenseless animals for their own benefit. He points out that vast numbers of animals are regularly used in scientific experiments, and a significant portion of these are unnecessary. He states that if one believes humans do not have the moral right to mistreat animals, then a significant ethical problem arises. This problem, he argues, requires minimizing painful medical experiments on animals, seeking alternative methods for gaining knowledge, and addressing human diseases from a lifestyle perspective, suggesting that many illnesses could be prevented by proper living and eating habits.

Magnusson emphasizes that the immense suffering inflicted on animals should not be ignored. This suffering occurs not only in scientific research but also in "animal factories," during transportation, and in recreational hunting, where a large number of animals are wounded. He asserts that the situation for animals must be improved, and that a society's treatment of animals is a measure of its moral quality.

Critique of DN's Perspective

The editorial further analyzes DN's stance, noting that among the approximately 300 comments published by DN, some displayed strong emotions or ignorance, such as suggesting that those opposing animal testing should volunteer as test subjects themselves. Magnusson criticizes DN for adopting a human-egoistic perspective, assuming it is self-evident that humans have the right to mistreat animals to develop medicines for themselves, positioning humans as the masters of creation who write the laws.

He posits that if painful animal experiments were prohibited, society would be forced to explore alternative paths, including investigating the importance of lifestyle and diet for health. This, he believes, could lead to valuable knowledge and positively influence human lifestyles, benefiting health significantly.

The DN editorial, according to Magnusson, shows no empathy for the suffering animals. The newspaper chooses to disregard their plight to focus solely on human needs for medicine, a need that must be met at any cost. He describes DN's approach as abstract, detached from the painful reality of experimental animals, as if to say, "don't get too close to the horrific reality."

Magnusson argues that showing empathy for animals would naturally lead to advocating for the reduction of painful animal experiments. However, he notes that DN does not support such humanitarian efforts. For DN, he claims, torturing animals is acceptable if it leads to health benefits for humans. He contrasts this with a hypothetical scenario where thousands of indigenous people were subjected to painful experiments for the benefit of humanity; in such a case, DN would likely react strongly, but the suffering of animals is dismissed.

Acknowledgment of Opposition

The editorial mentions a subsequent DN sub-editorial on July 5th, where DN did show some understanding for the opposition to painful animal experiments, stating that "animals are needed until alternatives are found."

Magnusson concludes by reiterating that animals are currently being tortured, which is a sad fact and the necessary starting point for any debate on animal testing. He calls for a review of animal experimentation practices with compassion for the animals, believing that the suffering caused can be significantly reduced.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The central theme of this editorial is the ethical debate surrounding animal testing. The author strongly advocates for animal welfare and criticizes the anthropocentric view that justifies animal suffering for human gain. The editorial's stance is one of deep concern for animals, urging for a re-evaluation of current practices based on empathy and a recognition of the moral implications of inflicting pain on sentient beings. It promotes a shift towards understanding human health through lifestyle and diet as a complementary or alternative approach to animal experimentation.