Sokaren - 1989 No 05

Magazine Overview

Title: SÖKAREN
Issue: NR5
Volume: 1989 ÅRGÅNG 26
Date: 1989
Publisher: Sökaren
Country: Sweden
Language: Swedish
Cover Headline: "Defense of Osho Rajneesh (pictured) and of parapsychology, critique of the New Age movement, mysticism, reportage from the anthroposophists' Järna, an Indian mystery, poems."

This issue of Sökaren delves into several controversial and spiritual topics, including a defense of Osho Rajneesh and parapsychology, a critique of the New Age movement, and a reportage on the anthroposophical community in Järna, Sweden.

Felaktig rapport till USAs armé om parapsykologin (Flawed Report to the US Army on Parapsychology)

This article, attributed to Göran Brusewitz, critically examines a report by the US National Research Council (NRC) titled "Enhancing Human Performance." The NRC report, published in December 1987, concluded that there was no scientific evidence for the existence of parapsychological phenomena over 130 years of research. The Parapsychological Association (PA), in its response, argues that the NRC report is biased and unscientific. The PA points out that the review was limited to only four areas of research and covered less than 10 percent of systematic research, notably omitting the extensive work of J.B. Rhine. Furthermore, the PA highlights that two key evaluators, Ray Hyman and James Alcock, were known critics of psi research and were active members of CSICOP, an organization known for its anti-parapsychology stance. The article details how the NRC committee selectively cited information that supported its negative conclusions, while ignoring results that supported parapsychology. Specific examples include the handling of the ganzfeld method, where meta-analyses showed results with a probability of occurring by chance less than one in a billion, yet the NRC report downplayed these findings. The article also discusses the committee's dismissal of research using random number generators, despite meta-analyses showing statistically significant results. The PA criticizes the NRC for not balancing the committee's composition with scientists holding more positive or neutral views.

CSICOP-konferens (CSICOP Conference)

This section reports on a CSICOP conference held in Chicago focusing on the New Age movement. While CSICOP is skeptical of New Age, some individuals with more favorable views were invited. Paul Kurtz, the chairman, described New Age as the "old age in new packaging." Maureen O'Hara, a humanistic psychologist, suggested that science has failed to explain all aspects of reality and that spiritual questions are becoming increasingly important. J. Gordon Melton characterized New Age as a religious and social movement that emerged in the late 1960s, influenced by immigration laws allowing Eastern religious thought and the development of transpersonal psychology. He advised critics to avoid emotional language and to base their critiques on a thorough understanding of the movement's ideas rather than on individuals. Ted Schultz argued that New Age is not inherently dangerous, but its rejection of rationality and embrace of irrationality and subjectivism is problematic. Jay Rosen noted the movement's influence on students, leading them to reject critical thinking. George Lawrence saw skepticism as a quality control mechanism, while Robert Basil observed that New Age adherents view skepticism negatively.

New Age - synpunkter och kritik (New Age - Viewpoints and Critique)

This article by Håkan Blomqvist offers a strong critique of the New Age movement. Blomqvist argues that the term "New Age" is often used too broadly, leading to confusion. He identifies five key points of criticism: anti-intellectualism, an inward-looking path to knowledge, a "refinement syndrome," and tendencies towards fascism. He criticizes figures like Louise L. Hay, whose ideas he sees as blaming victims for their misfortunes, and Annastina Vrethammar, who promotes positive thinking influenced by gurus like Sai Baba. Blomqvist contends that New Age promotes a magical worldview where individuals create their own reality, leading to a detachment from objective reality and a rejection of rational thought. He also criticizes the movement's holism, which he sees as a distorted version of Eastern philosophy that can lead to a fear of emotions and sensuality. The article touches upon the theosophical movement and its historical stance against contraception, as exemplified by Annie Besant's experience. Blomqvist also discusses the concept of "spiritual force" as presented by Omraam Mikhael Aivanhov, which he interprets as a fear of sexuality and a demonization of it. He concludes by noting the cyclical nature of mysticism and superstition, comparing the current New Age trends to those of the late 18th century.

Debatt (Debate)

This section features a continuation of the debate surrounding New Age and related topics.

Vem är jag? (Who Am I?)

This is a retelling of a story by Attar of Nishapur, illustrating the Vedantic teaching of the fundamental identity of all beings. The story emphasizes that true welcome comes to those who realize this identity, leading to friendship and love.

Dina känslor avgör din hälsa (Your Feelings Determine Your Health)

This piece discusses research by psychologist H.J. Eysenck, linking personality types to different diseases. It suggests that individuals who suppress emotions are more prone to cancer, while those with high emotional frustration and aggression are at risk of heart disease. The article advocates for a balanced emotional life and self-confidence, offering advice on managing cynicism and mistrust.

Att släppa jaget (Letting Go of the Self)

A disciple asks about offering their services, and the master replies that if the "I" is released, service follows automatically. The article suggests that realizing the self's dissolution into the All leads to becoming a servant.

Mystik (Mysticism)

This section introduces Anthony de Mello's book "Lyssna till fågelns sång" (Listen to the Bird's Song), a collection of stories and meditations from various traditions. The book is described as a source of subtle wisdom, encouraging readers to interpret the stories personally. The article includes several of de Mello's stories, such as "Does God Have a Sting or Two?" and "The Search for God," which use allegorical language to explore spiritual themes. It also presents a fable about seeking God and a reflection on what God does about evil.

#### Att säga något om Gud (Saying Something About God)

This story illustrates the difficulty of describing the divine, with a mystic's attempt to articulate his experience being misinterpreted and turned into dogma.

#### Mästaren vet inte (The Master Does Not Know)

A seeker asks a master about the meaning of life. The master's disciple finds an answer in a book, stating it's an expression of God's overflowing grace. However, the master himself simply replies, "I don't know," highlighting the value of acknowledging the unknown.

Reportage: Antroposofernas Järna - ett livskraftigt alternativsamhälle (Reportage: Anthroposophists' Järna - a Vibrant Alternative Community)

This reportage by Åsa Freij explores the anthroposophical community in Järna, Sweden. Initially viewed as eccentric for practices like planting according to the moon and believing in reincarnation, the anthroposophers have gained acceptance in the local society. The community attracts thousands of visitors annually. The article explains that anthroposophy, founded by Rudolf Steiner, is the "wisdom of man," focusing on understanding human beings as a holistic entity of body, psyche, and spirit. The report highlights the community's biodynamic farming, Waldorf education (exemplified by Mikaelgården, a therapeutic pedagogical institute for children with severe emotional and social disorders), and other initiatives like a health center. The author notes that the community functions without a central leadership, surprising many visitors, and serves as a hub for the anthroposophical movement in Sweden. The report emphasizes the healing power of the environment, the arts, and the sense of community for the children at Mikaelgården.

Frans Carlgren om meditation (Frans Carlgren on Meditation)

Frans Carlgren, a proponent of anthroposophy, discusses the modern human's struggle with information overload and the need for contemplative practices. He explains that meditation in anthroposophy is not about passivity but about active engagement with oneself. Carlgren introduces exercises to sharpen concentration and calm the mind, such as focusing on a single object for a set period or practicing emotional regulation by choosing not to be upset by external events. He suggests that these practices help individuals gain mastery over themselves.

Genmäle (Rejoinder)

This section contains responses to previous criticisms.

Försvar för Rajneesh (Defense of Rajneesh)

This article presents a defense of Osho Rajneesh against a critique by Professor Ronald Clark, who accused him of having a narcissistic personality disorder. The defense, attributed to Osho Rajneesh himself and translated from Rajneesh Times International, argues that "personality IS a disorder." It asserts that Eastern traditions view personality as a problem, not a matter of health or sickness, thus invalidating Clark's Western psychological diagnosis. The article criticizes the concept of being a "professor of religious science" as contradictory, suggesting such individuals are historians or archaeologists rather than true students of religion. It also points out the perceived hypocrisy of Clark, who previously wrote positively about Rajneesh, and suggests his criticism is politically motivated. The defense contrasts Rajneesh's teachings with those of Jesus Christ, whom it describes as a "fanatic" and a "narcissist" by comparison, implying that Clark's critique is selective and incomplete.

Forbers mening (Forber's Opinion)

Andrew Forber, a retired American psychiatrist, offers his perspective on the critique of Osho Rajneesh. Forber argues that psychiatry's role is to maintain societal norms, labeling those who deviate as "mentally disturbed." He suggests that Rajneesh, being highly unconventional, is naturally subject to such labels. Forber agrees with Rajneesh that personality, from an enlightened perspective, is a disturbance – an unconscious adaptation to societal norms. He criticizes Clark for using the DSM-3 diagnostic manual without proper clinical training and for selectively quoting Rajneesh's statements out of context, ignoring instances where Rajneesh expressed opposite views. Forber concludes that Clark's critique is not based on sound scientific or psychiatric principles.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The magazine "Sökaren" appears to focus on alternative spirituality, parapsychology, mysticism, and critiques of mainstream scientific and societal norms. There is a clear editorial stance in favor of exploring these less conventional topics, often presenting defenses against mainstream skepticism (e.g., parapsychology, Osho Rajneesh) and offering critical perspectives on established institutions and movements (e.g., the NRC report, the New Age movement's potential pitfalls). The magazine seems to encourage critical thinking within these alternative frameworks, as seen in the debates and differing viewpoints presented. The recurring theme is the exploration of consciousness, spirituality, and alternative ways of understanding reality, often contrasting Eastern philosophies and mystical experiences with Western scientific and psychological paradigms.

This issue of "Sökaren" (The Seeker), dated 1989, is a Swedish magazine focusing on spiritual, philosophical, and paranormal topics. The cover story, "Djinnen i grytan" (The Djinn in the Pot) by Örjan Björkhem, explores an inexplicable event in Kashmir, India, related to folk beliefs about djinns and curses.

Antroposophy and Spiritual Practices

The magazine features an extensive article on antroposophy, with contributions from Frans Carlgren and Anders Kumlander. Carlgren discusses antroposophical meditation exercises, emphasizing inner peace and self-awareness, and touches upon the concept of guardian angels. Kumlander elaborates on alternative economic and social models inspired by antroposophy, contrasting them with capitalist and socialist systems. The article also highlights the antroposophical community in Järna, Sweden, mentioning the Robygge building, a vegetarian restaurant, a shop, the hospital inaugurated in 1985, and the Rudolf Steinerseminariet, which offers courses in various antroposophical subjects. The biodynamic farming practices and the Waldorf schools are also mentioned.

UFO Phenomena and Skepticism

Mark Rodeghier, in "Den perfekte skeptikern" (The Perfect Skeptic), critiques the arguments of many UFO skeptics, labeling them as unqualified and lacking in research. He stresses the importance of understanding UFO literature and research, citing organizations like CUFOS and GEPAN. Rodeghier advises skeptics to be well-informed about the facts and to avoid conflating different aspects of UFO cases, such as the Roswell incident or alleged alien encounters.

Another article, "Ett omskrivet UFO-fall" (A Rewritten UFO Case), by Clas Svahn and Anders Liljegren, investigates a 1958 UFO sighting in Domsten, Sweden. The report concludes that the case was fabricated, with the witnesses later admitting it was a hoax. The article also critiques how such UFO stories are often sensationalized and distorted in international UFO literature, urging readers to consult original sources.

Alternative Medicine and Healing

"Skall vi ha två konkurrerande kårer av terapeuter?" (Shall we have two competing bodies of therapists?) by Olov Lindahl, a professor emeritus in orthopedic surgery, discusses the rise of alternative medicine in Sweden. Lindahl suggests that the conventional medical system's shortcomings have led to the popularity of alternative therapies, and calls for a more open approach to research and regulation of these methods.

Örjan Björkhem's "Provokation" (Provocation) critically examines the concept of 'healing,' distinguishing between genuine healing and other forms of therapy or placebo effects. He expresses skepticism towards many claims of healing, suggesting that most are misinterpretations of psychological or group dynamics, and that true healing is a rare, profound spiritual experience.

Other Topics

"Om våra tankars betydelse" (On the Significance of Our Thoughts) by J.A. Long explores the power of thoughts in shaping character and destiny, drawing parallels with Buddhist and Christian teachings.

The issue also includes a review of the book "Johannes Weise - Det usynliges maler" (Johannes Weise - Painter of the Invisible), highlighting Weise's unique artistic style inspired by antroposophy. There is also a section on "Tredje Testamentet" (The Third Testament) by Martinus, describing his extensive body of work on cosmology and spiritual development.

Several smaller sections offer book reviews, event listings for spiritual courses and workshops (e.g., at Ramsbergsgården and Solsöhem), and personal reflections.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The magazine consistently promotes a spiritual and holistic worldview, encouraging self-exploration, critical thinking, and an openness to phenomena beyond conventional scientific understanding. There is a clear interest in antroposophy, alternative healing methods, and UFO research, often presented with a critical yet open-minded perspective. The editorial stance appears to favor a balanced approach, encouraging informed skepticism and a deep dive into the subject matter rather than outright dismissal or blind acceptance. The magazine also seems to advocate for personal growth and the development of inner resources.

Title: Föds vi åter? (Are we born again?)
Issue: Nr 5, 1989
Publisher: SÖKAREN
Country: Sweden
Language: Swedish
ISSN: 0038-0504
Price: Annual subscription (8 issues) 175:-, Half-year 95:-
Cover Headline: Föds vi åter?

This issue of Sökaren, an independent magazine for life philosophies, delves into the intriguing and often controversial topic of reincarnation, primarily through the lens of parapsychologist Professor Ian Stevenson's research. The cover features a striking black and white photograph of Stevenson, posing the central question of whether we are born again.

Reincarnation Research by Ian Stevenson

The lead article, "Föds vi åter?", presents Professor Ian Stevenson's extensive work investigating cases where young children, upon learning to speak, recount memories of previous lives. Stevenson, a parapsychologist from the USA, has noted a recurring pattern: the individuals whose lives children claim to remember often died prematurely, either through illness, accident, murder, or other unnatural causes. Stevenson finds it difficult to attribute this consistent detail solely to cultural beliefs, particularly in regions like India where the concept of reincarnation is prevalent. He suggests that this recurring detail lends an air of authenticity to the claims, hinting at a deeper meaning or purpose behind such phenomena, perhaps related to ensuring everyone has a complete life experience.

While acknowledging that definitive proof is lacking and that the phenomenon might have explanations unrelated to reincarnation, the article encourages contemplation on the possibility of genuine past-life memories. The author speculates that those who die prematurely might be reborn more quickly, thus retaining memories of their previous existence, or that perhaps only those who die prematurely are reborn.

Skepticism and Parapsychology

Complementing the reincarnation theme, the issue addresses the challenges faced by parapsychology in gaining scientific acceptance. Göran Brusewitz, in an article titled "Felaktig rapport till USAs armé om parapsykologin" (Incorrect report to the US Army on parapsychology), highlights the difficulty parapsychology has in achieving full recognition, suggesting a breakthrough seems distant.

The magazine also reports on the annual American skeptic conference, which in the previous year (1988) focused on "New Age" phenomena. Håkan Blomqvist, in "New Age igen - tål ni höra mer?" (New Age again - can you stand to hear more?), expresses a negative view of "New Age," categorizing some of its proponents as "life-hostile" gurus, contrasting with the magazine's own editorial stance.

Mark Rodeghier contributes "Den perfekte skeptikern" (The perfect skeptic), critiquing the thoroughness of skeptics' investigations, stating they "don't investigate properly."

New Age and Alternative Lifestyles

The "New Age" theme is further explored through various articles. Örjan Björkhem's "Djinnen i grytan" (The Djinn in the pot) questions an "unnatural event in India." Another piece, "Försvar för Rajneesh" (Defense for Rajneesh), argues that Osho (Rajneesh) is not as disturbed as some believe, but rather an "enlightened master."

Åsa Freij writes about "Antroposofernas Järna, ett livskraftigt alternativsamhälle" (The Anthroposophists' Järna, a viable alternative community), detailing a thriving alternative society. The magazine also features poetry by Gunnel Javåsen and Ann-Caroline Manhof, and a review of Eileen Caddy's "Footprints."

Other Content

The issue includes a section for "Brev" (Letters) and "Recensioner" (Reviews). J A Long discusses "Om våra tankars betydelse" (On the significance of our thoughts).

"Saxat" (Snippets) Section

This section features a philosophical excerpt from Paul Brunton, who describes the "timeless Over-Self" as the "imperishable spark of divinity within us." Brunton emphasizes the potential for humanity to shed burdens and achieve immortality by recognizing this truth, stating, "The time to do this is now and the place is here!"

Editorial Information

The magazine is edited and published by Sven Magnusson, with its address in Karlstad, Sweden. Subscription prices and advertising rates are provided. The printing was done by Wallin & Dalholm Boktr AB in Lund, 1989.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

Sökaren magazine appears to adopt a stance of open inquiry into phenomena that lie beyond mainstream scientific understanding, particularly concerning consciousness, spirituality, and the unexplained. While it presents research on topics like reincarnation and features discussions on New Age ideas, it also includes critical perspectives from skeptics, suggesting a balanced approach to exploring these subjects. The magazine seems to value philosophical reflection and the exploration of alternative ways of living and understanding the world, as evidenced by the inclusion of articles on anthroposophy and the philosophical writings of Paul Brunton. The recurring theme of seeking deeper meaning and questioning conventional explanations is evident throughout the issue.