Sokaren - 1988 No 09

Magazine Overview

This issue of Sökaren, dated 1988 and identified as Volume 25, Number 9, is dedicated to the theme of skepticism. The cover prominently features Carl Sagan, labeled as a "skeptic," and the issue's price is listed as 20:00 including tax.

Editorial Stance and Contents

The editorial introduction, signed "SM," reflects on the nature of "An Amazing Reality." It acknowledges the prevalence of claims about channeling, past lives, hauntings, psychic healing, UFOs, Atlantis, astrology, and phenomena attributed to figures like Sai Baba and Uri Geller. The editorial states that Sökaren has taken these claims seriously but not uncritically, engaging in reading, listening, discussion, and questioning. The author admits to being more inclined to believe parapsychologists, Sai Baba researchers, and critical ufologists than their critics, and expresses a personal belief in Uri Geller and Ted Serios, as well as mediumistic surgery and leading New Age figures, while also admitting to doubt in many areas and stating that the search continues. The editorial concludes that "SM" believes in some parts of 'the amazing reality' and is hesitant about others, with the search ongoing.

The issue is structured around the theme of "Skepsis" (Skepticism) and includes a table of contents listing various articles and their page numbers. Notable articles include:

• En fantastisk verklighet (An Amazing Reality) by SM (Page 2)
• Skepsis (Skepticism) by SM (Page 3)
• Psi i Kina? (Psi in China?) by SM (Page 4)
• Fusk får inte döljas! (Fraud Must Not Be Hidden!) by SM (Page 6)
• Hypnos och reinkarnation (Hypnosis and Reincarnation) by Jonathan Venn (Page 7)
• Sven Ove Hansson on "Förklaringar av till synes oförklarliga ting" (Explanations for Seemingly Unexplainable Things) and "Alternativ till pseudovetenskap" (Alternatives to Pseudoscience) (Pages 8, 9, 11)
• Carl Sagan on "Skepticismens börda" (The Burden of Skepticism) (Page 14)
• Johan Wretman on Axel Hallonlöf (Page 20)
• Roland Persson on "Natten är lång" (The Night is Long) (Page 22)

Skepticism and Pseudoscience

Skepticism (Page 3) by SM argues that while skepticism is valuable for critical evaluation, it can devolve into conservatism or negative dogmatism when applied selectively, particularly by groups like CSI-COP, NIVFO, and Vetenskap och Folkbildning, who are seen as overly critical of new ideas while uncritically accepting established ones.

Psi i Kina? (Page 4) reports on a visit by members of the American skeptical organization CSICOP to China in 1988. The group, including Paul Kurtz, Kendrick Frazier, Philip J. Klass, James Randi, James Alcock, and Barry Karr, found no evidence of paranormal phenomena despite widespread claims of psychic abilities in China. They observed demonstrations of alleged psychic powers, such as reading text from sealed envelopes and bending spoons, but concluded that these were likely due to trickery. James Randi demonstrated how such effects could be achieved through sleight of hand. The article details specific tests conducted, including those involving children and adults claiming psychic abilities, all of which failed to produce convincing results under controlled conditions.

Fusk får inte döljas! (Fraud Must Not Be Hidden!) (Page 6) by SM discusses the importance of exposing fraud in scientific research, referencing J.B. Rhine's parapsychology work. It highlights instances where Rhine allegedly failed to disclose fraudulent findings by his associates, such as James McFarland and Walter Levy. The article emphasizes that scientific validity requires experiments to be designed to prevent fraud, and that past fraudulent research should not be cited without acknowledging the deception.

Hypnos och reinkarnation (Page 7) by Jonathan Venn, a clinical psychologist, examines the case of Matthew, a 26-year-old patient suffering from anxiety. Through regression hypnosis, Matthew believed he was reliving past lives, specifically as a French pilot named Jacques Gionne Trecaulte. While the therapy helped alleviate Matthew's symptoms by allowing emotional release, Venn argues that these "past life" experiences were likely fantasies or reconstructions, not actual memories. Venn critically analyzes the claims made by "Jacques," finding that many verifiable details were inaccurate or unsubstantiated, concluding that the regression did not reflect a real past life but served a therapeutic purpose by allowing the patient to process unresolved emotional stress.

Sven Ove Hansson contributes two articles: "Förklaringar av till synes oförklarliga ting" (Explanations for Seemingly Unexplainable Things) (Page 8) and "Alternativ till pseudovetenskap" (Alternatives to Pseudoscience) (Page 11).

In "Förklaringar av till synes oförklarliga ting," Hansson analyzes phenomena often attributed to the paranormal. He discusses the Uri Geller experiment involving sealed metal cans, suggesting simple trickery like tapping the cans or using a magnet. He also debunks the idea of seeing through sealed envelopes, explaining methods like subtle manipulation or using light sources. The article cites sources like Russell Targ and Harold Puthoff's book "Psykets räckvidd" (The Reach of the Mind) and James Randi's "Flim-Flam!" to illustrate how such feats can be achieved through conventional means.

In "Alternativ till pseudovetenskap," Hansson provides an overview of various pseudoscientific fields and critical literature. He discusses astrology, noting that horoscopes often contain vague statements that people readily identify with, citing Eysenck and Nias' "Astrology: Science or Superstition?". He addresses UFOs and "omens," explaining that many sightings can be attributed to misidentification of natural phenomena or man-made objects, and critiques Erich von Däniken's theories. Hansson also touches upon the dangers of pseudoscientific claims in areas like medicine and politics, and the rise of cults and new religious movements. He highlights the lack of critical literature on parapsychology in Swedish and points to Martin Gardner's "Science and Humbug" as a foundational text.

Carl Sagan writes "Skepticismens börda" (The Burden of Skepticism) (Page 14), arguing that skepticism is essential for critical thinking and scientific progress. He contrasts the critical approach of scientists with the gullibility often seen in commercial advertising and pseudoscientific claims. Sagan emphasizes that while skepticism can be uncomfortable, it is necessary to avoid being misled. He discusses how emotional needs and biases can lead people to embrace unverified beliefs, using examples like channeling and claims of extraterrestrial contact. Sagan argues that science, by its nature, is self-correcting, whereas political or religious institutions rarely admit error. He concludes that a healthy skepticism is vital for humanity's survival, especially in the face of potential global threats.

Skeptikers åsikt om Sai Baba (Skeptic's Opinion on Sai Baba) (Page 13) briefly discusses a method for producing "holy ash" (vibhuti) attributed to Sai Baba, suggesting it can be achieved through trickery involving a handkerchief and small balls of vibhuti, as reported by the Norwegian skeptical magazine NIVFO-bulletin.

Belysande om myter (Illustrative of Myths) (Page 13) by an unnamed author, likely referencing Melvin Harris' book "Sorry, You've Been Duped," discusses how myths and pseudoscientific claims often arise and persist. It mentions the case of psychic detectives whose claims are often unsubstantiated by police records and the false prophecy of peace by spiritualists before World War II.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The recurring theme throughout the issue is the critical examination of claims that fall outside the realm of established science. The magazine champions skepticism as a vital tool for discerning truth from falsehood, emphasizing the importance of evidence-based reasoning and the dangers of uncritical acceptance of extraordinary claims. The editorial stance is clearly pro-science and anti-pseudoscience, advocating for rigorous critical thinking and a balanced approach that combines skepticism with an openness to genuine discovery. The issue highlights that while many pseudoscientific claims appeal to deep human needs, they often lack empirical support and can be harmful when accepted without scrutiny.

This issue of "Sökaren" (The Seeker) magazine, dated November 1988, delves into a variety of topics including philosophy, personal development, and the UFO phenomenon. The cover story is a biography of Axel Hallonlöf, written by Johan Wretman, exploring his existential struggles and search for meaning.

Axel Hallonlöf – A Life Description

The article by Johan Wretman introduces Axel Hallonlöf as a seeker of meaning who grappled with profound existential questions. Hallonlöf's career is described as long but not particularly brilliant, marked by a struggle with 'macabre self-annihilation' and gnawing doubt about the meaning of life. He questioned the purpose of knowledge and studies, believing they should expand one's horizons rather than merely fill intellectual space. His philosophical leanings are described as belonging to the Romantic movement, which Lektor Pärlhage deemed incompatible with modern, realistic thinking. Hallonlöf's 'destiny questions' included the future of the Earth, his own future, the future of the constantly doubting person, the future of "homo sapiens," and the possibility of living happily without a future. He sought to dispel his doubts, wishing to find others who shared his existential angst. The text touches upon his introspection, his habit of looking into a mirror and questioning his own identity and the reality of his existence. The article also references a book titled "Axel Hallonlöfs ballongfärd," which contrasts two life philosophies: the 'pinglerian' view and Hallonlöf's.

Arthur Schopenhauer: An Immortal Truth-Seeker

Lars Holmgren contributes an article commemorating the 200th anniversary of Arthur Schopenhauer's birth. Schopenhauer, born in Danzig in 1788, is presented as a prominent German philosopher whose work, "The World as Will and Representation," was initially overlooked. He is characterized as an academic outsider who disdained compromise with societal powers. His philosophy, emphasizing the "will" over reason, is seen as a precursor to psychoanalysis. Schopenhauer's pessimism is highlighted, stemming from his view that life is inherently suffering, driven by a blind "will to live." He believed that compassion was the essence of ethics and that the world was a hell. The article contrasts his idealism with realism, referencing a dialogue with Goethe. Schopenhauer's ultimate goal was "Nirvana," a state of liberation from the will, achieved through art, compassion, or asceticism. The article notes the paradox of his ascetic ideals versus his lifestyle and concludes by questioning the root of his pessimism.

Swedish Religiosity

An article based on a report from Uppsala University's theological institution examines the religious beliefs of Swedes. It states that 37% of Swedes believe in God, while 9% identify as traditional Christians and an equal number attend church regularly. Approximately 20% pray and an equal percentage meditate. The report notes a significant portion of the population identifies as Christian "in their own way." The article discusses the decline of traditional Christian doctrine in favor of a more general religiosity, suggesting that humans are "incurably religious."

Jacques Vallée: A Pathfinder in the UFO Jungle

Håkan Blomqvist writes about Jacques Vallée, a mathematician and astrophysicist who became a prominent figure in UFO research. Vallée's book "Dimensions: A Casebook of Alien Contact" is reviewed as a summary of his nearly 30 years of research. Vallée's interest in UFOs began in 1961, leading him to investigate UFO cases worldwide with his wife Janine. His early work focused on the physical aspects of UFOs, but he later shifted his perspective to view UFOs as a mythological phenomenon, comparable to ancient myths and folklore. He co-founded "The Invisible College," a network of researchers studying UFOs. Vallée's 1978 UN address warned against the social and political consequences of believing in imminent extraterrestrial contact, suggesting it could undermine humanity's sense of agency. He divides UFO phenomena into physical, psychological, and social aspects, with a particular interest in the latter, viewing UFOs as a tool for social control. The article mentions his book "Messengers of Deception," which explores UFO contacts and cults.

Find Yourself Through Your Colors

This section discusses "color analysis" or "color psychology," a method for identifying personal color palettes that enhance one's appearance and personality. The technique, based on the four seasons (spring, summer, autumn, winter), helps individuals build a functional wardrobe and understand how colors affect their mood and self-perception. The article emphasizes that wearing the right colors can boost confidence and make individuals stand out positively. It also touches upon the power of colors in interior design and their potential impact on health.

A Difficult Course Helped Many Others

This article reports on a personal development course held at Ulfinge Värdshus, organized by Pan Helhetscenter. The course, costing 4,700 SEK, focused on self-insight and spiritual growth, led by Doris Ankarberg, Louise Frostegren, and Tomas Frankell. Despite the high cost and a low number of participants, attendees found the experience valuable, emphasizing the depth of personal connection and insight gained. The program included yoga, workshops, clairvoyance sessions with Doris, dream analysis with Louise, and confrontational self-reflection with Tomas. The article highlights the importance of inner development over external circumstances and the role of personal responsibility in achieving well-being.

Canoe Hike with Breathing and Transformation

Åsa Freij describes a combined canoe hike and rebirthing course organized by Lars Olof Widholm, Margareta Roos, and Rolf Lindblom. The course aimed at personal development through physical activity and breathwork. Participants experienced challenges, including adverse weather and physical exertion, but ultimately found the experience transformative. The rebirthing sessions, led by the therapists, involved deep breathing techniques designed to release emotional blockages and repressed memories. The article emphasizes the importance of living in the "here and now" and the value of shared experiences and mutual support among participants.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

This issue of "Sökaren" consistently explores themes of self-discovery, spirituality, and the search for meaning, often questioning conventional beliefs and societal norms. The magazine presents a diverse range of perspectives, from philosophical analyses of existentialism and pessimism to investigations into paranormal phenomena like UFOs and clairvoyance. There is a strong emphasis on personal growth, inner transformation, and taking responsibility for one's life. The editorial stance appears to be open-minded, encouraging critical inquiry while also embracing alternative viewpoints and practices, such as New Age spirituality and holistic health approaches. The magazine seems to advocate for a balanced approach, integrating physical well-being with psychological and spiritual development.

This issue of Sökaren, dated September 1988, is a Swedish magazine focused on spirituality, alternative lifestyles, and critical inquiry. The cover boldly asks, "DOES THE WORLD NEED SALVATION?" and introduces Roland 'Banarne' Bergman as a figure who claims to have received a cosmic message to guide humanity towards spiritual enlightenment and an 'eternal body'.

Roland Bergman's Spiritual Mission

The main article details Roland Bergman's journey, beginning with a profound 'cosmic descent' about ten years prior. He dedicated himself to intense meditation, a strict diet of bananas and milk, celibacy, and physical training. This led to an 'enlightenment experience' where he realized the divine nature of existence. Bergman now advocates for the 'eternal body' as the culmination of human evolution, a state of being beyond gender, aging, and reproduction. He offers a 'Rajayoga discipline' to help individuals achieve this 'salvation body' and invites those interested to join him for a period of secluded living in the Swedish wilderness.

Letters and Commentary

The 'Brev' (Letters) section includes a contribution from Barbro Melander, who responds to Håkan Blomqvist's critique of C.W. Leadbeater. Melander defends Leadbeater, suggesting that judging historical figures without understanding their context is difficult and that one should remain open to understanding the past. She also touches upon the role of theosophy as a catalyst for various movements, including the liberal Catholic church.

Book Reviews

A significant portion of the magazine is dedicated to book reviews, covering a wide range of topics:

• "Böcker om kroppens smärta" (Books on the Body's Pain): Reviews of Gunilla Brattberg's "Det handlar om ditt liv!" (It's About Your Life!), a practical guide for chronic pain sufferers, and Bernie Siegel's "Kärlek, medicin och mirakel" (Love, Medicine, and Miracles), which explores the experiences of cancer patients who achieve remarkable recoveries by taking responsibility for their health and working with their subconscious.
• "...och om själens" (...And About the Soul): Reviews of books by Gerald Jampolsky, including "Farväl till skuld" (Farewell to Guilt), which focuses on releasing guilt and fear to achieve inner peace, and Louise Hay's "Du kan hela ditt liv" (You Can Heal Your Life), which emphasizes self-acceptance and positive affirmations for healing.
• "Styr ditt liv rätt!" (Steer Your Life Right!): A review of Annastina Vrethammar's book on positive thinking and affirmations, highlighting its empowering message.
• "Din hälsa är i dina händer" (Your Health is in Your Hands): An article introducing Reiki healing, its origins with Dr. Mikao Usui, and the process of becoming a Reiki practitioner.
• Book Reviews (Continued): Reviews of "Vetande, kärleksfulle Buddha" (Knowledge, Loving Buddha), "Finn Dig själv med färgens kraft!" (Find Yourself with the Power of Colors!), "Minnen från tidigare liv!" (Memories from Previous Lives!), "Från Platon till PAF" (From Plato to PAF), Carlos Castaneda's "Den inre elden" (The Fire from Within), "Det förflutnas legender" (Legends of the Past), "Klassiska spökerier" (Classic Ghost Stories), Martin Brofman's "Se bättre" (See Better), Georg Bentze's "Gammalkinesisk akupunktur" (Old Chinese Acupuncture), David Eisenberg's "Qi - möte med kinesisk läkekonst" (Qi - Encounter with Chinese Medicine), Deva Swami Satyarthi's "Akupressur" (Acupressure), and Roger Walsh's "Lust till liv" (Desire for Life).

Special Section: Skepsis (Skepticism)

This issue introduces a new thematic section titled "Skepsis" (Skepticism). The editorial note explains that this section aims to help truth-seekers develop critical and skeptical thinking skills, thereby reducing the risk of being misled. The section features articles by Sven Ove Hansson on explanations for seemingly inexplicable phenomena and Carl Sagan on the burden of skepticism.

Other Content

• Supportrar: A section thanking individuals and publications for their support, including positive comments from Thomas Nydahl, Henk/Knut Warmland, and Sune Stigsjöö regarding the magazine's quality and the perceived unfairness of reduced state funding.
• Poetry: A Persian poem from the 12th century is included, reflecting on the transient nature of possessions and worldly gains.
• Advertisements: Various advertisements appear for spiritual and self-help related services and products, including tarot readings, crystal balls, alternative therapies, books, and courses.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The magazine consistently explores themes of spirituality, personal transformation, alternative healing, and the search for deeper meaning. There is a clear interest in phenomena that lie beyond conventional scientific understanding, such as UFOs, parapsychology, and mystical experiences. However, the introduction of the "Skepsis" section indicates a commitment to balanced inquiry, encouraging readers to approach extraordinary claims with critical thinking. The reviews often highlight books that offer practical guidance for self-improvement and holistic well-being, suggesting an editorial stance that values personal empowerment and spiritual exploration while acknowledging the importance of discernment.