Sokaren - 1982 No 06

Magazine Overview

Title: SÖKAREN
Issue: NR6
Volume: 19
Date: 1982

This issue of Sökaren, a Swedish magazine, critically examines the evidence for parapsychological phenomena (psi) and explores related topics such as near-death experiences, Zen Buddhism, and Christian meditation.

Evaluating the Evidence for Psi

The lead article, "MOT EN UTVÄRDERING av bevisen för psi" (Towards an Evaluation of the Evidence for Psi) by Nils Wiklund, addresses the difficulty of assessing the experimental evidence for psi phenomena like telepathy, clairvoyance, and psychokinesis. Wiklund notes that while some parapsychologists believe the evidence is strong, others remain unconvinced. He highlights the challenge of defining what would constitute irrefutable proof and the tendency for some researchers to overlook alternative explanations for experimental results. Wiklund suggests that adopting a neutral term like "unidentified experimental effect" (UEE) might be more beneficial than terms like ESP, which carry inherent interpretations.

The article discusses the importance of identifying key experiments that could serve as strong evidence for psi. Wiklund surveyed leading parapsychologists, former presidents of the Parapsychological Association, to compile a list of significant experiments. Among the most frequently cited were those by Helmut Schmidt, Kanthamani & Kelly, and Stepanek. The article also touches upon the Ganzfeld studies, noted for their higher degree of repeatability, and the Pearce-Pratt and Pratt-Woodruff experiments, which many parapsychologists still consider strong evidence.

However, the article also points out criticisms of these experiments, particularly concerning potential artifacts and flaws. The debate between the "bunch theory" (evidence from multiple experiments combined) and the need for single, repeatable experiments is explored. Skeptics, like G. R. Price, are quoted as demanding a single, valid experiment rather than a mass of inconclusive ones. The article suggests that a lack of consensus on what constitutes crucial experiments hinders dialogue with the scientific community.

John Beloff, a parapsychologist, is quoted advocating for an official "investigation commission" to definitively answer whether psi phenomena exist, calling the lack of resolution a "major intellectual scandal." He argues that parapsychology needs recognition from the broader scientific community to break out of its current stagnation.

Near-Death Experiences: A Cross-Cultural Comparison

"Ett njet till liv efter döden" (A No to Life After Death) by Bertil Falk contrasts Western and Soviet accounts of near-death experiences (NDEs). While Western reports, popularized by researchers like Raymond Moody and Elisabeth Kübler-Ross, often describe tunnels, encounters with spiritual beings, and out-of-body experiences, Soviet accounts, as reported by Alexander Tjernjachovskij, are notably different. Soviet individuals who have been revived from clinical death do not typically report these phenomena. Tjernjachovskij cites Soviet psychologists like M. Nilin and S.L. Altunjan, who suggest that Western NDEs are influenced by cultural expectations and the "social order" to report such experiences. They propose that the vivid experiences reported are often hallucinations induced by hypoxia (lack of oxygen) during the critical moments of death, rather than evidence of an afterlife.

Zen Buddhism and Christian Meditation

"KRISTEN ZENMEDITATION" (Christian Zen Meditation) explores the integration of Zen Buddhist practices with Christian spirituality. Zen Buddhism, originating in China and flourishing in Japan, emphasizes experiencing the unity of all things and achieving enlightenment through meditation. The article describes Zen philosophy as the teaching of unity beyond opposites, where the ultimate reality is the "Buddha-nature." It highlights the importance of direct experience over intellectual understanding, with the goal of realizing "awakening" or "satori."

The article then discusses Christian deep meditation, which, while influenced by Eastern practices, aims for a personal relationship with God. It contrasts the Zen goal of experiencing unity with the Christian aim of a loving relationship with God, viewing the body as a temple of the Holy Spirit. The practice involves learning to live "meditatively," fostering openness, self-giving, and a deeper awareness of others. The article notes the growing interest in these practices in the West, with centers like Rättviks Meditationscentrum in Sweden.

Personal Development and Well-being

Several shorter pieces focus on personal growth and well-being:

• "Max-människor" (Max People): This section discusses psychologist Charles Garfield's research on peak performance, suggesting that anyone can achieve maximum results by aligning their actions with their desires, embracing hard work, and overcoming the fear of failure.
• "Visualisera!" (Visualize!): This brief piece introduces the concept of visualization as a tool for achieving goals, from healing minor ailments to larger personal transformations.
• "Främmande intelligenser" (Alien Intelligences): An excerpt from New Age magazine discusses Rex Weyler's encounter with whale brains, leading him to believe that whales possess a form of "alien intelligence" and a different evolutionary path of consciousness.
• "Wayne Dyers livsvisdom: FÖRENKLA! VÄLJ!" (Wayne Dyer's Life Wisdom: Simplify! Choose!): This article summarizes the teachings of psychologist Wayne Dyer, emphasizing the power of choice in shaping one's personality, emotions, and health. Dyer advocates for simplicity, self-love, and living in the present moment, suggesting that most problems and illnesses stem from our own choices and thought patterns.
• "Arbeta dig frisk!" (Work Yourself Healthy!): Citing research by Lois Verbrugge, this piece suggests that women who are simultaneously wives, mothers, and professionals tend to be the healthiest, with lower rates of illness and doctor visits compared to homemakers or divorced women.

Business and Health

"USA har upptäckt: Lönsamt att satsa på hälsa och kärlek!" (USA Has Discovered: Profitable to Invest in Health and Love!) by Åsa Freij reports on the trend in American businesses to invest in employee well-being. Hatha Surrenda, a specialist in psychological factors in business, explains that companies are realizing that healthy, happy employees are more productive and profitable. This shift is seen as a reaction against materialism and a recognition that employee health is directly linked to business success. The article highlights that many illnesses are lifestyle-related and that companies are now focusing on preventative health education and creating supportive work environments.

Skepticism and Science

"TRO OCH SKEPTICISM: psykologiska aspekter" (Belief and Skepticism: Psychological Aspects) discusses the nature of scientific thinking and skepticism. It posits that while scientific thinking has transformed the world, only a minority truly adopts it. The article explores the spectrum between extreme skepticism and extreme credulity, noting that both can lead to biased observations and conclusions. It suggests that skepticism, while a valuable tool, can sometimes be used to dismiss phenomena without adequate investigation, as potentially seen in the handling of UFO reports in the US. The author argues that both extreme believers and extreme skeptics share similar cognitive biases.

Official Psi Commission?

This section reports on John Beloff's call for an official "investigation commission" to settle the question of psi phenomena's existence. Beloff believes that parapsychology has failed to gain acceptance from the broader scientific community and that a dedicated commission, funded by a major institution, could provide the definitive answer needed to move the field forward.

Other Briefs

• Human-Etiska Förbundet (Human-Ethical Association): This section briefly describes a Swedish atheistic organization that advocates for a life without religious dogma and opposes religious indoctrination of children.
• "Att lyfta på framtidens slöja" (Lifting the Veil of the Future): This piece discusses precognition and fortune-telling, noting that successful predictions are often reported after the events have occurred. It mentions a group of Italian remote viewers who have made predictions about future events.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The magazine consistently promotes a critical yet open-minded approach to topics related to consciousness, the paranormal, and personal growth. There is a strong emphasis on empirical evidence, scientific methodology, and the importance of critical thinking, even when discussing phenomena that challenge conventional scientific understanding. The editorial stance appears to favor a balanced perspective, acknowledging the limitations of current scientific knowledge while encouraging rigorous investigation. The inclusion of diverse topics, from parapsychology to Eastern philosophies and personal development, suggests an interest in exploring the full spectrum of human experience and consciousness.

Sökaren, issue nr 2, 1982, published by Vattumannens Bokhandel, is a Swedish magazine focusing on spirituality, alternative lifestyles, and esoteric topics. This issue features a prominent interview with Vera Rosenquist, an 80-year-old poet and humorist, who shares her optimistic views on life and death. The magazine also highlights Rolling Thunder, a Native American medicine man and spiritual leader, advocating for a return to living in harmony with nature. The issue includes articles on parapsychology research, the growing New Age movement, world federalism, and critiques of conventional medicine and astrology.

Vera Rosenquist: Life and Death at 80

The article "Vera Rosenquist, ung vid 80 – älskar livet och döden" by Åsa Freij introduces Vera Rosenquist, who at nearly 80 years old, radiates a vibrant energy and love for life. The author initially felt intimidated by the prospect of staying with an older person but was quickly won over by Vera's zest for life, her travels, and her positive outlook. Vera, who debuted with a poetry collection at age 76, speaks about death not as an end but as a transition to a richer existence. Her poems, described as filled with a devoted religiosity, reflect a deep faith and a hopeful perspective, even acknowledging past struggles. Vera's personal journey includes converting to Catholicism in 1972 after experiencing warmth from Catholic communities in Italy. Her poetry has been set to music and has resonated with many, offering comfort and inspiration. She has published two poetry books, "Men såsom en fågel..." and "Mot ljuset," and has even appeared on television.

Rolling Thunder: Indian, Spiritual Leader, and Philosopher

An article by Jo Ann Garlington profiles Rolling Thunder, a Native American medicine man and spiritual leader. He emphasizes the importance of living softly on Mother Earth and believes that healing the planet begins with healing the human mind. Rolling Thunder advocates for a return to traditional ways, living in harmony with nature, and respecting all beings. He warns of an impending "cleansing period" and a final war, urging people to prepare for a simpler life close to nature. He speaks of a future where Native Americans and white people can coexist peacefully. Rolling Thunder founded Meta Tantay, a community in Nevada, dedicated to preserving traditional Native American culture and lifestyle. He shares his philosophy, drawing from various spiritual traditions, and expresses a belief in a shared creator but not necessarily a single God. He criticizes the Christian doctrine as misleading and expresses a preference for the spiritual traditions of his ancestors.

Alternative Journalism and New Publications

The section "Positiv journalistik behövs" by Asa Freij discusses the need for more positive reporting in the media, citing concerns that constant negative news creates resignation and hopelessness. The article highlights statements from Marianne Fredriksson and Communications Minister Karl Boo, who advocate for journalism that inspires as well as informs. The magazine also reviews several new publications from the early 1980s that cater to the growing "alternative movement." These include "Läkarjournalen," "Doktorn svarar," "Miljöpartiets Alternativet," "Ny livsstil," and others, reflecting a societal shift towards new ideas and lifestyles.

Parapsychology and Skepticism

An article titled "Aftonbladet: Läst och antecknat" by Göran Brusewitz reviews a series of articles from Aftonbladet that explore parapsychology. The author discusses research on dream precognition, out-of-body experiences, and the influence of experimenter expectations on results. The article mentions the work of researchers like Jerry Solfvin and John Palmer, and the parapsychology institution at the University of Utrecht. It also touches upon the debate surrounding Michel Gauquelin's astrological research and a critical book by James E. Alcock that questions the validity of parapsychology. The piece acknowledges that paranormal phenomena cannot be easily dismissed and emphasizes the need for objective research.

Astrology and Existential Themes

Douglas P. Lackey's research on astrology is presented, suggesting that while people tend to identify with their own horoscopes, the results are not significantly better than placebo horoscopes. The article "Existentiell astrologi" by Jan Romander offers personal consultations based on birth charts, focusing on inner dynamics and one's role in a larger cosmic drama. "Mera om guruer och elever" by Maria Adkinson discusses the student-guru relationship, emphasizing the student's responsibility and the potential pitfalls for both parties. The article "Du är värdefull, du kreative" by Carl Rogers (quoted) and Marianne Jeffmar explores the nature of creativity and its challenges in society, suggesting that society often misunderstands and stifles original thinkers.

World Federalism and Peace

An article by Bertil Falk introduces "Sveriges Världsfederalister," an organization advocating for a supranational, international body to solve global issues. The article quotes Rolf Edberg and Albert Einstein on the necessity of a world government for peace and security. Hans Regnéll, the organization's chairman, explains their strategy of building upon the UN system to create a world government. Their agenda includes supporting the UN, development aid, environmental protection, and disarmament. The article also touches upon the differing perspectives on global issues between industrialized and developing nations.

Alternative Lifestyles and Health

"Att försöka bli en frisk människa – är det sjukt, det?" by Asa Freij explores the challenges of living an idealistic and compassionate life in a society that often reacts with skepticism or hostility. The author questions whether society itself is "sick" for not recognizing or accepting genuine kindness and selflessness. The article "Människan bakom masken" by Gustaf Lundgren analyzes the works of authors like Erik Axel Karlfeldt and August Strindberg through the lens of Jungian psychology, examining the interplay between the "persona" (mask) and the "anima" (soul). The "Helhets-kurser i Nordisk Meditation, Healing, Yoga" section promotes holistic wellness practices. The "Alternativ psykologi" review discusses a book on various non-conventional psychological methods, while "En temadag i Storkyrkan" reports on discussions about a new worldview emerging from the intersection of science and spirituality.

Book Reviews and Editorials

The "BOKREVY" section provides reviews of several books. Michael D. Biddiss's "Massornas tid" is reviewed as a scholarly exposé of European thought. Stefan Edman's "Jord att älska" is praised as a comprehensive handbook for environmental activism from a Christian perspective. Chiara Lubich's "Kärleken som ideal" introduces the Focolare movement. Martinus's "Mänsklighetens öde" is a concise presentation of his worldview. Sören Halldén's "Nyfikenhetens redskap" is a unique guide to critical thinking. Thomas Michelsen's "Massmaten" critiques Swedish agriculture's reliance on chemicals. Lars-Gunnar Lundh's "De nya känsloterapierna" presents and critiques various emotional therapies. John A. Scharffenberg's "Frisk och stark av kött?" argues against meat consumption for health reasons. The "Gyllene visdom" section offers quotes from Marcus Aurelius. The "Profeten" section includes a comic strip.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

This issue of Sökaren consistently explores themes of spirituality, alternative ways of living, and critiques of mainstream societal structures. There is a strong emphasis on personal growth, self-discovery, and the search for deeper meaning beyond material pursuits. The magazine promotes a holistic approach to life, encompassing physical, mental, and spiritual well-being. The editorial stance appears to be one of openness to unconventional ideas and research, particularly in the fields of parapsychology, New Age spirituality, and alternative medicine, while also encouraging critical thinking and personal responsibility. The magazine advocates for peace, environmental consciousness, and a more compassionate and just world order.

Title: SÖKAREN
Issue Date: 1982
Issue Number: 6
Publisher: Smålandspostens Boktr. AB
Country: Sweden
Language: Swedish
ISSN: 0038-0504
Cover Headline: Ortodoxi och opposition (Orthodoxy and Opposition)

This issue of Sökaren, a Swedish periodical focused on worldviews and life philosophies, delves into the contentious debate surrounding parapsychology and the existence of psi phenomena. The cover prominently features the headline "Orthodoxy and Opposition," setting the stage for a critical examination of how evidence for psi is presented and challenged.

Articles and Content

"Ortodoxi och opposition" by Nils Wiklund

Nils Wiklund's lead article critically analyzes the methodology and evidentiary standards in parapsychological research. He posits that if experiments designed to demonstrate the existence of psi (parapsychological phenomena) are found to contain artifacts—factors unrelated to psi, such as cheating—then these experiments become entirely worthless as support for psi's existence. Wiklund argues that the "orthodox" scientific community, which generally dismisses psi, often fails to apply the same stringent proof requirements to their own assumptions as they demand from proponents of psi.

He contends that the weakness of groups like "Hansel & Co" lies in their inconsistent application of proof standards. They tend to rely on their own established paradigm—the prevailing scientific worldview—as sufficient justification, rather than rigorously proving their cases. Wiklund suggests that this orthodox stance assumes psi does not exist because it contradicts the current paradigm. However, he argues that if the opposing viewpoint—that psi *does* exist—is equally valid, then the orthodox critiques of experiments are insufficient to disprove psi. The absence of proof for psi is not proof of its absence.

Wiklund emphasizes that even if an experiment has flaws, such as the possibility of cheating or a subject peeking, it doesn't automatically invalidate the potential for genuine psi. Such flaws might make the experiment less compelling as proof of psi, but they do not serve as evidence that psi does not exist.

Other Articles and Features:

• "Mot en utvärdering av bevisen för psi" (Towards an evaluation of the evidence for psi) by Nils Wiklund.
• "Ett njet till liv efter döden" (A 'no' to life after death) by Bertil Falk.
• "Kristen Zenmeditation" (Christian Zen Meditation).
• "Intervju med Gunnel Vallquist" (Interview with Gunnel Vallquist).
• "Sådan personal – sådant företag" (Such personnel – such a company) by Åsa Freij.
• "Wayne Dyers livsvisdom" (Wayne Dyer's life wisdom) - likely a summary or commentary on SMÅFS (Swedish Society for Parapsychological Research).
• "Var närvarande, och totalt uppmärksam!" (Be present, and totally attentive!) by Åsa Freij.
• "Tro och skepticism" (Belief and skepticism).
• "Vera Rosenquist, ung vid 80" (Vera Rosenquist, young at 80) by Åsa Freij.
• "Positiv journalistik behövs" (Positive journalism is needed) by Åsa Freij.
• "Nya blad" (New Leaves) - a section likely featuring new publications or brief notes.
• "Att försöka bli en frisk människa" (Trying to become a healthy person) by Åsa Freij.
• "Vår vän Nils Wiklund menar..." (Our friend Nils Wiklund means...) - this appears to be a continuation or summary of Wiklund's points, possibly an editorial comment.
• "Världsfederalisterna" (The World Federalists) - a section or mention of this organization.
• "Läst och antecknat" (Read and noted) by Göran Brusewitz.
• "Rolling Thunder" - likely a reference to a specific event, publication, or concept.

Editorial Information

• Editor and Publisher: Sven Magnusson
• Address: Box 3063, 103 61 Stockholm 3, Sweden
• Telephone: 08-696027
• Subscription Prices: Full year (10 issues) 98: -, Half year 52: -
• Payment: Postgiro: 70 60 47 - 8, Bankgiro: 372-8128
• Advertising Prices: Full page 1.000: -, Half page 600: -, Small ads 20: per column-cm (minimum 60: -).
• Printed by: Smålandspostens Boktr. AB in 1982.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The primary theme of this issue is the critical examination of evidence and methodology in the field of parapsychology, framed as a conflict between "orthodoxy" and "opposition." The magazine appears to favor a skeptical but open-minded approach, questioning the rigor of claims made by proponents of psi while also critiquing the assumptions of mainstream science. There's an underlying interest in philosophical and psychological topics, including life after death, meditation, and the nature of belief and skepticism. The editorial stance seems to encourage critical thinking and a balanced evaluation of evidence, challenging established paradigms without outright dismissal.