Sokaren - 1974 No 02

Magazine Overview

This issue of Sökaren, NR2 from 1974, is a Swedish magazine focusing on a variety of topics including animal rights, ethics, religion, politics, and science fiction. The cover features a striking portrait of a man and poses the question: "Are We Correctly Utilizing Animals Scientifically?" The issue includes an in-depth interview with Johan Börtz, the chairman of the Nordic Society Against Cruel Animal Experiments, alongside articles exploring the intersection of Christian faith with socialist political views, and an examination of parapsychological themes in science fiction literature.

Interview with Johan Börtz: Animal Rights and Vivisection

The lead article is an interview with Johan Börtz, chairman of the Nordic Society Against Cruel Animal Experiments. The organization, with approximately 12,000 members, actively campaigns against the use of animals in scientific experiments that cause suffering. Börtz clarifies that while the society wishes for no animals to be used for scientific purposes, their immediate goal is to ban experiments that cause suffering, acknowledging that a complete ban might be too radical for society at present. The society also protests against animal factories and has historically campaigned against bullfighting. Börtz discusses the challenges of gaining understanding from authorities and the medical community, noting the slow shift in public opinion and legislative attention towards animal welfare issues. He highlights the 1965 revision of the animal welfare law, which requires researchers to report on the use of anesthetics and pain relief in experiments. Despite these efforts, Börtz asserts that animal testing continues, though the extent of transparency remains an issue, calling for open debate.

Börtz counters the argument that vivisection is necessary for medical progress by citing historical examples, such as the shift from using calves for smallpox vaccines to using hen eggs, and the development of cell and tissue cultures. He believes that with technological advancements, it should be possible to find non-harmful research methods. He also points out that many human diseases stem from unhealthy lifestyles, suggesting a focus on prevention rather than solely on experimental cures. The interview touches upon the society's support for research that does not involve animals, mentioning a 150,000 SEK grant for projects on vegetarian diets for rheumatism and methods for testing medicines without animal use.

When asked about the basis of their views on Swedish animal testing, Börtz refers to researchers' own reports and public statements. He acknowledges the difficulty in gaining access to vivisection laboratories, as painful experiments are not shown to outsiders. He expresses the desire for dialogue with opponents but finds it challenging. Statistics suggest that about one million animals are used annually in Swedish research, including apes, dogs, cats, and rabbits.

Börtz also discusses the concept of animal rights, referencing demands from the Norwegian Council of Animal Welfare Societies. These demands include animals having inherent value, rights to natural development, protection from suffering in food production and for human amusement, and rights to protection from disease, sunlight, and adequate living conditions. He emphasizes that animals should not be exploited for human gain and that their suffering should be minimized.

Christian Leftism and Social Engagement

Nils G. Billinger, editor of the KRISS (Christian Student Movement) publication "Kristet forum," discusses the intersection of Christian faith and left-wing politics. He believes that Christian ethics should translate into social action and that the concept of salvation should include material liberation. Billinger views Jesus as the true human, an incarnation of God, and finds meaning in confessing one's complicity in societal injustices, such as the gap between rich and poor.

Domprost emeritus Oscar Rundblom, known as the "red dean," advocates for a theology that is open to contemporary issues and interprets Christian truths in a way that is relevant to modern people. He believes that God continues to reveal himself and that revelations are not limited to the Bible. Rundblom acknowledges the value of other religions and promotes religious ecumenism. He argues that a socialist society in Sweden, grounded in its cultural heritage, would naturally be democratic and liberal, emphasizing fair distribution of resources and long-term decision-making to avoid environmental risks.

Teol. lic. Bo Nylund explores the dialogue between Christianity and Marxism, finding value in Marxist class analysis and historical materialism for understanding social processes. He believes that Christians can reasonably adopt a socialist path, seeing socialism as a consistent extension of democracy, particularly in expanding democratic influence over the economy and ensuring social planning is based on public need. He criticizes the current economic system for prioritizing profit over social utility and for producing unnecessary goods while neglecting social needs.

Präst Björn Skogar discusses the interest in left-wing politics among young Christians, noting that while many are passive, a significant portion are actively engaged. He sees the Christian symbol of breaking bread as a call for a general breaking of bread, advocating for a political direction that effectively promotes this goal by supporting the disadvantaged. Skogar believes that Christianity's universal perspective, recognizing the inherent worth of all individuals, should lead to solidarity with the less fortunate.

Parapsychology in Science Fiction

Bertil Falk examines the presence of parapsychological themes in science fiction. He references early examples like Manly Wade Wellman's "Hero of the West Point," featuring telepathic Martians, and A. E. van Vogt's "Slan," which introduced the concept of "slan" – genetically superior mutants with telepathic abilities. Falk notes van Vogt's later interest in L. Ron Hubbard's Dianetics and Scientology. He also discusses Isaac Asimov's "Foundation" trilogy, which includes the character of Mule (Magnifico), a mutant with the ability to control the emotions of others. Alfred Bester's "The Demolished Man" and "The Tiger Man" are highlighted for their exploration of telepathy and teleportation, with "granta" being introduced as a term for individual teleportation. Falk mentions the alleged Philadelphia Experiment as a real-world parallel to fictional teleportation scenarios.

Other Articles and Features

The magazine also includes a piece on Paramahansa Yogananda, detailing his yogic teachings and the remarkable preservation of his body after death, as attested by Harry T. Rowe of Forest Lawn Memorial Park. Gun Nordin contributes reflections on inner transformation and the concept of becoming "with-human" (medmänniska), emphasizing self-awareness and empathy.

Poetry sections include "Levas på låtsas..." (Living Pretend...), which uses stark imagery to depict a suppressed childhood and societal disillusionment, and "TYST?" (Quiet?), questioning the silencing of children and the suppression of truth. Another poem, "Gör Det Du Vill av Ditt Liv!" (Do What You Will With Your Life!), offers an encouraging message about self-realization and embracing life's potential.

Advertisements and announcements include information on horoscopes, a bookstore called Vattumannen, and events related to Christian Science and Dianetics.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The recurring themes in this issue of Sökaren revolve around ethics, social justice, and the search for meaning. There is a strong emphasis on animal rights and a critique of scientific practices that cause suffering. The magazine also explores the potential for progressive political action rooted in Christian values, particularly within socialist frameworks. The exploration of science fiction serves as a vehicle to examine speculative ideas about human potential, consciousness, and societal futures. The editorial stance appears to be one of critical inquiry, advocating for ethical considerations in science, social reform, and a deeper understanding of spiritual and philosophical concepts. The magazine encourages readers to question existing norms and engage in active social and personal development.

Title: SÖKAREN
Issue: Nr 2, Årgång 11
Date: 1974
Publisher: Sökaren
Country: Sweden
Focus: Worldviews, differing opinions, parapsychology, and related topics.

Editorial Stance

The editorial in this issue, titled "LYSSNA PÅ MENINGSMOTSTÅNDARE" (Listen to those with opposing views), emphasizes the importance of engaging with and listening to those who hold different opinions, even within idealist movements. The editor argues that while passionate individuals (fanatics) are necessary for driving change, a balance is needed with those who approach issues with a more objective and analytical perspective. The magazine aims to foster such dialogue, encouraging a more open exchange of ideas.

Articles and Features

Healing and Parapsychology

• Olga Worrall's Healing: An article from "Medical Economics" highlights the work of Olga Worrall, a healer from Baltimore, USA. It reports on a seminar attended by 400 doctors and scientists at Stanford University, where Worrall's methods were studied. Seven out of ten patients with previously untreatable conditions reportedly improved after her treatment. Worrall views herself as a channel for divine healing and refuses payment.
• The Passing of "The Mother" Mira: The issue reports the death of Mira Richard, known as "The Mother" and wife of Sri Aurobindo, on November 17, 1973, at the age of 95. She was the French-born spiritual leader of the Aurobindo movement and co-founder of Auroville, a city intended to foster global unity. She was also known for her financial acumen in managing the movement's assets.
• Aphorisms by Olle Wedholm: A collection of philosophical aphorisms by Olle Wedholm are presented, touching on themes of nature, wisdom, truth, habit, and the human condition.
• Nils-Olof Jacobson's UFO Observation: The editor, Nils-Olof Jacobson, recounts an observation of unidentified objects from an American Airlines jumbojet on October 16th. While flying over the Utah-Colorado border, he saw nine objects, described as cigar-stump shaped and circular, stationary relative to the ground at an altitude of 37,000 feet. He notes the difficulty in judging objects seen in the sky.

Onchocerciasis (River Blindness) in Africa

• Simulium damnosum by Gunnar Carlsson: This extensive article details the devastating impact of onchocerciasis, or river blindness, in Africa, primarily spread by the black fly *Simulium damnosum*. The author, Gunnar Carlsson, describes his travels through affected regions in Uganda, Kenya, and Cameroon, witnessing the severe physical manifestations of the disease, including elephantiasis and blindness.
• The Fly and the Disease: The article explains that only two of Africa's thousand-plus black fly species transmit onchocerciasis. The larvae of these flies thrive in fast-flowing water, often created by human-made dams for fishing. The disease causes worms to develop in human organs, skin, and eyes, leading to blindness and disfigurement.
• Control Efforts and Consequences: Carlsson criticizes the widespread use of DDT and similar chemical agents to combat the flies, noting that while it kills the larvae, it also decimates fish populations, leading to protein deficiency in the human population. He advocates for biological control methods, such as introducing natural parasites of the black fly larvae, and suggests that understanding the specific biology of the disease-carrying species is crucial.
• Human Impact: The article vividly portrays the suffering of infected individuals and communities, with entire villages abandoned due to fear of the unknown causes of the disease. It highlights the tragic irony of human interventions, like irrigation systems, creating new breeding grounds for the disease vectors.
• Bilharzia Co-infection: In addition to onchocerciasis, the article mentions the prevalence of bilharzia, another parasitic disease spread by snails, affecting the liver and bladder of the population in some areas.

Book Reviews and Spiritual Literature

• Book Review: "Från Freud till Jung" by Ivar Alm: This review discusses a posthumously published work by Ivar Alm, a Jungian expert, which analyzes the psychologies of Freud and Jung. The reviewer praises Alm's independent analysis and his ability to shed light on lesser-known aspects of their work, while also noting some points of contention regarding Jung's views on religion and archetypes.
• Book Review: "Parapsykologins Historia" (History of Parapsychology): This review discusses an essay by Ingemar Nilsson and Jan Bärmark that traces the early history of parapsychology in Sweden, focusing on figures like Sidney Alrutz. The essay highlights Alrutz's research into 'nerve radiation' and notes his influence, even in the Soviet Union.
• Book Review: "Svenska Fredsrörelsens Historia" (History of the Swedish Peace Movement): The review covers Per Anders Fogelström's book "Kampen för fred" (The Struggle for Peace), which chronicles the Swedish peace movement. The reviewer notes the movement's decline in membership and influence since its peak and discusses the challenges it faces in a world of ideological conflicts and the need for more dynamic leadership.
• Spiritual Literature: Several books are advertised or reviewed, including:
• "Jaget's Eld" by Denis Lindbohm (reincarnation memories).
• "Jordskred?" by Birgit Lange (on parapsychological phenomena).
• "Vår Tids Mirakler" (Our Times' Miracles).
• "Rosenkreuzarnas Världsåskådning" (Rosicrucian Worldview) by Max Heindel.
• "Fallet Karin" by Maud von Steyern (about poltergeist phenomena).
• "Tigerns Tand" by Paul Twitchell (about spiritual journeys).

Other Sections

• Letters to the Editor: A letter from Bjarne Håkansson clarifies the intentions behind his book "UFO-gåtan" (The UFO Enigma), emphasizing its aim to raise awareness and interest in UFO phenomena rather than to prove anything.
• Donations: A list of individuals who have contributed financially to the magazine is included.
• Personal Ads: Several personal ads seeking like-minded individuals for philosophical discussions, meditation, and nature exploration are present.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The issue consistently explores themes of the unconventional, the spiritual, and the unexplained, ranging from psychic healing and UFOs to the history of parapsychology and philosophical inquiry. There is a strong emphasis on critical thinking and open dialogue, as highlighted in the editorial's call to listen to opposing viewpoints. The magazine also addresses significant social and health issues, such as the impact of onchocerciasis in Africa, and the challenges faced by peace movements. The overall stance appears to be one of open-minded inquiry into a wide spectrum of human experience and belief systems, encouraging readers to engage with diverse perspectives.