Saucers vol 6 no 3

Magazine Overview

'SAUCERS' is a quarterly publication by Flying Saucers International, with this issue being Volume VI, No. 3, dated Autumn 1958. The magazine is published by a non-profit organization based in Los Angeles, California, with Max B. Miller serving as the editor. The cover price is 35¢ per copy, and a subscription for 6 issues costs $2.00. This issue, identified as Whole Issue #22, was copyrighted in 1958 by Max B. Miller. The opinions expressed are those of the authors only.

Main Article: How to Film Unidentified Flying Objects

The primary focus of this issue is the article "How to Film Unidentified Flying Objects" by Max B. Miller & Norman S. Kossuth. This piece is an enlarged and revised version of material previously published in the 'American Cinematographer'. The authors emphasize the critical lack of good, detailed motion pictures of UFOs, which they deem essential for solving the mystery.

The Need for Photographic Evidence

The article begins by noting that since the inception of the UFO enigma in 1947, photographic evidence has been scarce. While hundreds of still pictures have been taken, they are often difficult to verify and can be easily simulated. The authors argue that motion pictures offer a much higher degree of credibility and analytical potential.

Notable UFO Filming Cases

The article details several significant instances where UFOs were filmed:

• George Adamski: The cover image is a frame enlargement from 16mm Kodachrome film taken by Adamski, showing what appear to be two "double objects" near a power line. The article mentions Adamski took about a dozen scenes of possible UFOs, including circular lights and a capsule-shaped object. His films, taken between September 1956 and January 1958, are claimed to include numerous reference points and show objects frequently eclipsed by trees and power lines, making simulation improbable.
• Rev. Gregory Miller (1949): This case involved 75 feet of 16mm black-and-white film taken of a searchlight beam striking a UFO over Norwood, Ohio. Enlargements of some frames were released, but the full footage remained unpublished.
• White Sands Proving Ground (April-May 1950): According to Edward J. Ruppelt's 'The Report on Unidentified Flying Objects', UFOs were photographed by cinetheodolites at this location. The objects were never identified, and the films were not released to the public.
• Nicholas Mariana (August 19, 1950): Mariana, owner of the Great Falls, Montana, baseball team, filmed two silvery objects with his 16mm Revere camera. The resulting Daylight Kodachrome film, comprising 315 frames, was submitted to the Air Force's Air Technical Intelligence Center (ATIC) for analysis. However, the first 35 frames, reportedly showing larger, rotating objects, were allegedly removed before analysis. The Air Force classified the remaining footage as "unknowns."
• Al Hixenbaugh (June 1950): Hixenbaugh of Louisville, Kentucky, claimed to have shot 50 feet of 16mm black-and-white film of a large UFO that disappeared westward. The film was released nationally by Telenews.
• Warrant Officer Delbert C. Newhouse (July 2, 1952): While driving in Utah, Newhouse, Chief Photographer (Aviation) for the USN, filmed 12 to 14 "gun metal colored objects shaped like two saucers, one inverted on top of the other." The film, approximately 1,200 frames of Bell & Howell Auto Master 16mm Daylight Kodachrome, was analyzed by the Navy and ATIC, which concluded the craft were intelligently directed. The Air Force reportedly withheld an announcement despite having a prepared press release.
• Hovering Object near Wright-Patterson AFB (August 20, 1952): A UFO was filmed by a jet interceptor's gun-camera, initially picked up on radar. Despite being "explained" as a weather balloon, the film was never publicly released, contradicting earlier reports.
• T. C. Drury (August 23, 1953): A former RAAF member, Drury filmed a UFO near Port Moresby, New Guinea. He described it as appearing from a cloud, climbing very fast, and leaving a distinct vapor trail. The film, comprising 98 frames, was examined by the RAAF and later loaned to the U.S. Air Force, but has not been released.
• Scandinavian Airliners (June 30, 1954): During a solar eclipse observation near Lifjell, Denmark, two shiny discs were filmed by cinematographer Johnny Bjornulf. One witness, E. Graham, described the objects as revolving and moving at speeds far beyond man-made aeroplanes.
• Ray Stanford (September 18, 1956): Stanford claims to have filmed a UFO near Joshua Tree, California, using an 8mm movie camera. The sequence reportedly shows a tiny, flickering object and two vapor trails, possibly from jets attempting interception. The film was under-exposed and affected by humidity.
• Ralph E. Benn (December 1, 1957): Benn filmed about 62 feet of Type A Kodachrome of "six UFO's in obvious formation" with a Keystone Capri 8mm camera. The film captured four objects traveling in pairs. The film was processed and analyzed by ATIC, with Captain Schaller commending Benn for his efforts and noting the film's excellent quality despite difficult conditions.
• Cliff DeLacey (January 3, 1958): A student photographed nine UFOs near Diamond Head, Hawaii, capturing about 90 seconds of color film. The objects were described as spherical, not elongated, with no visible tail fins or wings. The film reportedly shows two "very distinctly round objects."

Equipment and Techniques

The article provides detailed recommendations for filming UFOs:

• Cameras: The Kodak K-100 and Bell & Howell Model #240 16mm cameras are considered the most satisfactory due to their quality, spring runs, and features. While 8mm cameras are mentioned, they are deemed inadequate for resolving unusual phenomena unless the object is very close.
• Lenses: The Century 6" f/2.8 Apo-Tele-Athenar is highly recommended for its large aperture, suitable for both day and night exposures, and its superior resolution. The Century 9-inch f/3.8 Tele-Athenar is also suggested. Standard three-inch telephoto lenses with apertures of f/1.9 and f/1.5 are considered adequate for night photography.
• Camera Speed: For three-inch lenses with short spring runs, a "slow-motion" setting of 48 frames per second (fps) is recommended to reduce camera unsteadiness. For longer lenses and longer spring runs, 64 fps is preferred.
• Stability: While a tripod is considered impractical for following fast-moving objects, a gun-stock is suggested, or leaning against a wall or fence for stability.
• Film: Daylight Kodachrome is the standard recommendation. Type A Kodachrome with an #85 conversion filter is favored by some for its UV penetration. Other films like Anscochrome and Ektachrome are not recommended due to low contrast and grain.
• Filming Settings: Lenses should always be set at infinity. Including points of reference like power lines, trees, or buildings in the field of view is crucial for later analysis and authenticity verification.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The central theme of this issue is the paramount importance of photographic evidence in UFO research. The editorial stance is clearly in favor of rigorous scientific investigation and the collection of high-quality visual data. The magazine advocates for the use of appropriate equipment and techniques to capture verifiable footage of unidentified aerial phenomena. The article implicitly suggests that many reported UFO sightings, if filmed with proper equipment, could be identified or at least better understood, contributing to the resolution of the "enigma."

Title: SAUCERS
Issue: Autumn 1958
Publisher: Flying Saucers International
Country: USA
Language: English

HOW TO FILM UFO's

This section provides detailed advice for amateur photographers interested in capturing evidence of Unidentified Flying Objects (UFOs) on film. It covers film selection, camera techniques, film storage, and the importance of record-keeping.

Film Selection and Usage

• Daytime Photography: Black and white films are generally not recommended for daytime UFO filming. If used, a deep yellow, orange, or red filter is advised, especially with panchromatic films, to darken the sky. Tri-X B&W film (ASA 200-400) is suggested for night use. Western Cine Service offered a B&W film rated at 800 ASA for approximately $8 per 100' roll, including processing.
• Night Photography: Night cinematography is generally not recommended due to the lack of reference structure, making points of light difficult to capture effectively. However, for advanced hobbyists, suggestions include using a split-image with optical registration and a spectrum registration, or incorporating a diffraction grating within the shutter to record spectral lines on alternate frames.
• Color Film: Super Anscochrome color film (ASA 100) is mentioned as potentially useful for nighttime objects, though not recommended for daytime exposure. Eastman's new High Speed Infra Red film is also suggested for night photography requiring extreme speed.

Film Storage

Proper storage is crucial, especially for color film intended for long-term keeping (several months). It is advisable to store film in a cooler, refrigerator, or freezer. Saran wrapping can help protect the film in refrigerators and prevent carton deterioration. Color film should not be refrigerated after sealing has been removed; allow at least two to three hours at room temperature before unsealing to prevent moisture condensation. Color films are sensitive to extremes of heat and humidity. Film should not be left in glove compartments, car trunks, or enclosed automobiles for extended periods. Processed film should be stored in a cool, dry place. When searching for UFOs, cameras should be kept out of direct sunlight.

Filters and Exposure

• Filters: For Daylight Kodachrome, a haze or sunlight filter might be used to reduce excessive ultraviolet haze, particularly at higher altitudes. This filter is unnecessary if an #85 filter is used with Type A Kodachrome.
• Exposure Factors: A light meter is essential for sky photography, as exposure can vary significantly. For clear, deep blue skies with Kodachrome (ASA 10) at 48 frames per second, an average exposure setting is about f/7. If the sky is less blue but devoid of haze, f/8 might suffice. For smog, haze, and a very light sky, f/11 at 48 fps is recommended. Aperture should be increased by one-half stop for 64 fps (e.g., f/9.3 to f/8).
• Directional Exposure: If facing north (away from the sun), aperture should be increased by one full f-stop. Conversely, if facing the sun's general direction (east in the morning, south at midday, west in the afternoon), exposure must be decreased by one full f-stop. Aperture should be increased by about one-half f-stop for every 2,500 feet in altitude.
• Camera Equipment: 16mm cameras with coupled electric light meters, such as the Bell & Howell 200EE and 240EE, are considered ideal for UFO photography, though they may be limited to a 40mm telephoto attachment.

Record Keeping

• Thorough record-keeping is highlighted as a critical factor in UFO filming. A notebook should detail:
• Specific time and date of observation.
• Detailed description of the object(s), including shape, color, direction, duration, noise (if any), and brilliance.
• Sky and weather conditions at the time.
• Detailed exposure data: type of film, filter, shutter speed, aperture setting, etc.
• Names and addresses of any witnesses.

Post-Exposure Procedures

• Film Processing: Exposed film should be processed as soon as possible, especially color film, which is said to deteriorate rapidly after exposure.
• Professional Services: It is recommended to use professional film services, as they are often more reasonable than those dealing through retailers.
• Duplicates: Fine grain color film can be enlarged to 35mm for potential commercial exploitation. If unusual results appear on film, it should be copied before extensive projection to prevent scratching and projection marks. 16mm color duplicates cost approximately 11 cents per foot.
• Handling Originals: Due to rumors of UFO films being "borrowed" and not returned, it is suggested that originals or exceptionally fine duplicates be retained by the owner. A receipt for original footage and a written statement affirming its return should be demanded.

Post-Projection Recommendations

After a UFO film has been exposed, processed, and projected, it is recommended to contact reputable research organizations such as NICAP, Civilian Saucer Intelligence of New York, or Flying Saucers International.

Research and Publications

The article mentions extensive research by the writers into available UFO movies, cameras, lenses, films, and accessories. It also references several publications and organizations involved in UFO research.

Notes and Case Studies

• Major Lawrence J. Tacker (USAF): Correspondence indicates the Air Force denied the existence of a specific film. Mr. Ruppelt related that ATIC (Air Technical Intelligence Center) secured frame enlargements from White Sands, but the original footage was never obtained.
• Benn Film: Major Tacker responded that ATIC evaluated the film and found the objects to be cluster-type weather balloons, though the reported multiple observations by children cast doubt on this explanation.
• Mr. DeLacey Film: Mr. DeLacey had not yet responded to inquiries regarding his UFO film.

Short Shots & News Notes

This section contains various brief items of interest to UFO enthusiasts:

• Saucer Poll: A request to update a previous "Saucer Poll" from 1954, asking for opinions on the best UFO author, book, person, contactee, periodical, newspaper coverage, and factors harming UFO research (censorship, fantastic claims, press apathy, public apathy).
• Astronautics Magazine: Reports on the Navy building a $60 million radio telescope at Sugar Grove, West Virginia, intended to detect radio emanations from rocket motor exhausts. It also notes research into magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) and electromagnetic propulsion.
• J. H. Bruening: Is compiling a directory of American and overseas UFO clubs and requests information.
• Saucer News: Mentions interesting material on John Otto's WGN "Contact" attempt in 1954, and Dr. Leon Davidson citing the CIA's involvement in UFO investigations.
• Saucer Review & Abstracts: Contains an index to "Flying Saucers Have Landed" and suggests future indices for other UFO books.
• George Adamski: A series of five Question and Answer booklets by Adamski have been published by Cosmic Science.
• Object Incident (Appalachia, VA): An object, believed to be a "meteorite," crashed into a high-tension line tower on September 4, 1958. It measured 3½x4½ ft., weighed an estimated one to two thousand pounds, emitted a "terrible odor, like sulphur," and caused significant damage to the tower.
• Congressman William H. Ayers: Stated that congressional investigations into UFOs are ongoing but classified, with conclusions to be released if possible. NICAP believes the Air Force is withholding information.
• NICAP Membership: Dues were reduced from $7.50 to $5 per annum.
• Air Force Press Release (October 1958): The Air Force reported investigating 1,270 UFO reports over 13 months, concluding that 84% were natural phenomena, hoaxes, etc., 14% lacked sufficient information, and less than 2% were "unknowns." They stated no evidence substantiated claims of interplanetary visitors.
• Christmas Gifts: A subscription to SAUCERS is suggested as a gift. Imported "Flying Saucer Ash Trays" and "MADE ON MARS BY LITTLE GREEN MEN" automobile window stickers are also offered.

Book Clearance Sale and Selected New Books

A list of discounted UFO-related books is provided, along with recommendations for new books such as "Flying Saucers and the Straight Line Mystery" by Aime Michel.

SAUCERS Back Issues Available

A list of available back issues of SAUCERS magazine is provided, with prices.

Meeting in Washington

The Committee on Contamination by Extra-Terrestrial Exploration (CETEX) expressed concern about space ships contaminating the moon and urged caution for future expeditions to Mars and Venus to avoid interfering with potential existing life-forms.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The magazine consistently focuses on providing practical advice for UFO researchers and enthusiasts, particularly in the realm of photography and evidence collection. There is a clear emphasis on rigorous documentation and the importance of distinguishing credible reports from sensationalism or misidentification. The editorial stance appears to be one of open inquiry into UFO phenomena, while also acknowledging the need for scientific methodology and critical analysis. The publication seems to advocate for citizen involvement in research and encourages the sharing of information, while also highlighting potential government secrecy or obfuscation regarding UFO investigations.