Pursuit - No 15 - Vol 04 No 3 - 1971

Magazine Overview

Title: PURSUIT
Issue: Vol. 4, No. 3
Date: July, 1971
Publisher: Society for the Investigation of the Unexplained
Tagline: "SCIENCE IS THE PURSUIT OF THE UNEXPLAINED"

This issue of PURSUIT magazine, dated July 1971, presents a diverse range of articles and commentary on unexplained phenomena, scientific inquiry, and the ethics of journalism. The publication, from the Society for the Investigation of the Unexplained, aims to explore subjects often overlooked or dismissed by mainstream science.

Editorial: The Fourth Estate and Scientific Reporting

Ivan T. Sanderson, the Executive Editor, opens the issue with a critical editorial titled "The Fourth Estate," addressing the perceived irresponsibility and inaccuracy in scientific reporting by the popular press. He recounts his forty years of experience as a "science reporter" and expresses frustration with journalists who lack proper training, misquote scientists, or fabricate stories. Sanderson highlights a specific instance involving Dr. Marvin Minsky of M.I.T. and an article written by Brad Darrach for Life Magazine. He states that a substantial part of Darrach's claims about Minsky's work on "thinking machines" was a "pure pipe-dream" and that the story was published without Minsky's prior approval, violating a gentleman's agreement. Sanderson contrasts this with the journalistic courtesy shown by UPI in clearing their version of the story with the interviewee. He argues that journalists should stick to subjects they understand and have proper training in, and that the scientific community needs to ensure accurate communication with the public, suggesting that editors are a key point where the system breaks down.

Chaos and Confusion: Unexplained Cases

More on Those Damned Tracks

This section revisits the case of mysterious footprints found in the snow in Farnborough, England, first reported in the April issue. Correspondent Miss Janet Gregory provides an update based on her enquiries. The local police found about a dozen foot-marks in Mr. Fraser's backyard, noting that the melting snow had exaggerated their size and shape, and saw no reason to believe they were caused by an unusual animal. Mr. Fraser, the homeowner, later wrote to Miss Gregory describing how his dog was awakened by a noise, and the next morning, unusual marks were found in the snow. These marks were described as large, shaped like a human foot but with deep claw marks at the toe, and appeared to be from a creature walking on two legs. The prints led up to the windows of the house. The police suggested it might have been a deer or a fox, but the prints measured 8-½ inches long. The local newspaper, Farnborough Chronicle, sent a reporter and photographer. Mr. Fraser also noted that his female cat had been behaving fearfully for two weeks prior to the incident.

Growing Ashes

This report details a peculiar phenomenon involving volcanic ash that Mrs. William Chisholm of Salem, Oregon, claims has been "growing." She brought a tablespoonful of ash from Kodiak Island, Alaska, believed to be from a 1912 eruption at Katmai, in 1965. Initially stored in a vial, the ash reportedly filled it within a year, and then overflowed a baby food jar. Mrs. Chisholm believes the ash is expanding, despite being kept covered and in a dry house, and notes it smells of sulphur. Dr. Harold Enlows, chairman of the Oregon State University geology department, found nothing unusual in the ash's composition under a microscope, stating it's "pretty straight-forward material" and he "can't explain it in natural terms." The magazine intends to send the report to its geological advisor for comment.

Just Plain Chaos: On Trashpapers

This article continues the critique of irresponsible journalism, focusing on sensationalist "newspapers" in the US and Canada. The author states that many publications are liars, often fabricating stories or misquoting individuals. An example cited is a headline from "Midnight" magazine about a man discovering an 80-foot hole under his house with a dog and puppies at the bottom. The magazine contacted the Brasher family, who owned the house, and learned that the story was exaggerated. The Brashers had always known about a deep, plugged hole drilled for water, into which animals had fallen. The recent incident involved a stray dog and her puppies falling into the hole when the plug collapsed. The family rescued the animals using a grab-bag, and the newspaper story was a gross misrepresentation of the event.

Ufology: New Theories and Critiques

On Infirmity

This section discusses the decline in UFO reporting in the popular press, attributing it to newspapers ceasing to print such stories. The article references a report by Mr. Elliot Carlson in the Wall Street Journal, which relied on the "considerably infirm organization called NICAP" (National Investigations Committee on Aerial Phenomena). The author criticizes NICAP for not keeping up with ufological publications, particularly foreign ones, and suggests that NICAP may be committing "suicide" for the third time. The article quotes Ivan Sanderson explaining the theory that UFOs might be from another universe, invisible due to a different space-time continuum, and that beings from this other universe can manifest physically by manipulating "time warps." NICAP reportedly dismisses this as "bunk" but does not accept the Condon report's conclusions. The article further details NICAP's history, its initial promise under Major Donald Keyhoe, and its subsequent issues, including an argument with the USAF and a financial mess. It notes that NICAP later began admitting the possibility of 'occupants' in UFOs.

The Taxonomy of Knowledge

This section features a diagram and explanation of "The Taxonomy of Knowledge," presented as a wheel divided into ten major departments of organized knowledge: Mathematics, Ontology, Physics, Chemistry, Astronomy, Geology, Biology, Anthropology, Mental Concepts, and Mysticism. The diagram illustrates how "Applied Knowledge" and "Technology and the Useful Arts" are central, with "The Tangibles" (Matter, Gross Bodies, Earth Sciences, Life Sciences) and "The Intangibles" (Existence, Performance, Human Enterprise, Spiritual Concepts) forming the outer layers. The text emphasizes that everything in existence and all knowledge is contained within this structure.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The recurring themes in this issue of PURSUIT include the critical examination of journalistic integrity, particularly in the reporting of scientific and unexplained phenomena. The magazine consistently advocates for rigorous investigation, accuracy, and a willingness to explore subjects that lie outside conventional scientific paradigms. The editorial stance is one of skepticism towards sensationalism and a strong belief in the importance of scientific methodology, even when applied to unconventional topics. The publication champions the "pursuit of the unexplained" by encouraging detailed reporting and analysis, while simultaneously exposing what it perceives as flawed or irresponsible practices in media and even within some UFO research organizations.

PURSUIT, Vol. 3, No. 5, May 1971. This issue of the magazine delves into a variety of fortean and scientific topics, including theoretical physics, geology, chemistry, anthropology, and alleged paranormal phenomena. The publication appears to be a forum for members and researchers interested in unexplained phenomena, often critically examining claims and evidence.

Articles

Time Travel and Tachyons

The issue begins with a discussion on time travel, referencing a piece from "New Scientist and Science Journal." It introduces the concept of tachyons, hypothetical particles that travel faster than light. According to L. S. Schulman of Indiana University, the existence of tachyons could lead to a re-evaluation of our understanding of time, free-will, and history, suggesting that our present actions might be influenced by our future. The article cites science fiction examples, such as Mike Moorcock's "Behold the Man," where Jesus is depicted as a time traveler. It also references a statement by Einstein, who suggested that the speed of light might be a 'turn-over' point rather than an absolute limit, implying that other entities could surpass it.

Black Holes and Ontology

This section explores the concept of black holes, referencing an article in "Science" by Allen L. Hammond. Dying stars that are too massive collapse into black holes. The article explains that while no mass or light can escape a black hole, a significant portion of the energy from rotating black holes could be extracted. It details four types of black holes based on mass, charge, and angular momentum, as described by Karl Schwarzchild and Roy Kerr. A key property highlighted is that inside the outer surface of these collapsed objects, distance and time switch roles, with distance becoming a timelike coordinate. This phenomenon is presented as relevant to fortean theories, suggesting that 'time' can behave in unconventional ways, potentially explaining various enigmas.

Holography and Tri-Dimensional Computers

The magazine discusses holography, noting its origins in the late 1940s and its recent practical applications. "Holophones" are introduced as a development that can record a "pattern" in time, similar to how holograms record patterns in space. Dr. C. J. H. Watson of the Atomic Energy Association in Great Britain is credited with observing this effect in atomic plasmas. This technology could enable computers to recall information based on a 'cue' rather than requiring precise location data, potentially revolutionizing computer storage and leading to computers that 'think' in concepts rather than bits.

Mercury and Chemistry

An item from "The Express" of Easton, Pa., reports that valuable metallic ore deposits can be detected by the presence of escaping mercury vapor. U.S. geochemist J. H. McCarthy explains that mercury is present in most metallic ore deposits and its vapor escapes to the Earth's surface. The article notes the recurring appearance of mercury in various contexts, including oceanic fish, alleged mercury engines, and mercury poisoning, expressing intrigue about the element's peculiar nature.

Oceanic Anomaly: A Hole at the Bottom of a Sea

This section details a fascinating story from "All Hands" (May 1971) about Weather Reconnaissance Squadron Four discovering an oval-shaped hole at the bottom of the sea, approximately 30 miles east of St. Augustine, Florida. The hole measured 75 by 175 feet, and preliminary investigations into its depth failed. The article critiques the suggestion that the hole was formed during an ice age, deeming it "pure drivel." It proposes that the anomaly might be an underwater cenote, similar to those found in limestone plateaux, where saltwater can leak in or freshwater can bubble up.

The Ivan Marx Sasquatch Film Hoax

A significant portion of the magazine is dedicated to debunking a film allegedly showing a Sasquatch, taken by Ivan Marx. Peter Byrne provides a detailed report, presenting evidence that the film is a hoax. Key points include: the film was not made where Marx claimed; it was filmed with a telephoto lens, not an ordinary one as stated; Marx's account of the filming circumstances is inconsistent; and there's evidence of staging and manipulation, such as the removal of an identifying apple tree from the slides. The report also notes Marx's alleged financial motivations and his questionable claims about the creature's injuries.

The Chain in the Rock

Richard T. Grybos recounts an investigation into reports of a chain allegedly embedded in rock near Renovo, Pennsylvania. The chain was described as having large, non-rusting links and being gradually weathering out of granitic rock. After several attempts, the team learned from a local resident that it was an old logging chain, anchored into solid rock with an eye-bolt and secured with hot lead. The links were rectangular, designed to grip logs. The article concludes that it was not a mystery but an example of historical industrial practice.

Footprints in the Rock

This section discusses the phenomenon of footprints found in ancient rocks. It references a rock owned by Paul Bonneau of Saskatchewan, Canada, which contained a footprint. An article in "True West" suggested it was made by "Incas" pouring water on heated rock. The magazine expresses skepticism about this explanation, particularly regarding the timeline of the "Second Ice Age." It also presents an experiment with staff members' bare feet to demonstrate the variation in human footprints and notes that some found prints might be "manufactured" or fakes.

Americanism? - Aviation History

This brief section touches on historical claims regarding the invention of the airplane and television. It mentions a claim that Richard William Pearce of New Zealand may have flown a heavier-than-air machine before the Wright brothers, with evidence pointing to a 1904 flight.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The recurring themes in this issue include the critical examination of evidence related to paranormal and unexplained phenomena, a focus on scientific explanations (even for seemingly fringe topics), and a skepticism towards sensational claims. The editorial stance appears to be one of rigorous investigation, seeking factual basis, and debunking hoaxes while remaining open to genuine mysteries. There's a clear emphasis on scientific methodology and a critique of organizations that fail to keep up with current scientific thinking. The magazine also highlights the importance of historical context and the potential for misinterpretation of natural phenomena or historical events.

This issue of "The Society for the Investigation of the Unexplained" (Issue 71) covers a range of topics including early aviation, the history of television, cryptozoology, and historical inscriptions.

Early Aviation and Television History

The issue begins by discussing the remnants of Pearce's third aircraft, preserved in the Museum of Transport and Technology in Auckland, New Zealand. The article notes that the aircraft has been there since 1964 and requires restoration, with differing opinions on whether it should be restored or a replica made. Both the Smithsonian Institution and the South Kensington Museum have expressed interest in housing the aircraft.

Following this, the magazine delves into the history of television, focusing on Philo T. Farnsworth. It states that Farnsworth, considered by many the father of television, died at the age of 64. He transmitted the world's first TV picture in 1927 at the age of 20 and developed a complete theory of electronic television by age 15, applying for a patent at 18. His development occurred simultaneously with that of Vladimir Zworykin, but Farnsworth received credit for the first transmission and was granted the first television broadcasting license in 1934.

An account by Ivan T. Sanderson then discusses the principles of television, noting that they were worked out by a German physicist in the late 1800s. He highlights the work of Dr. Baird of London, England, who began experimenting in 1913. Sanderson mentions his own family's involvement, with his godfather James McKelvie, his mother, and Marconi contributing funds for Baird's work. He describes Baird's first demonstration in 1918, where a young man pedaled an inverted bicycle to power a spinning wheel that projected images. The sponsors viewed these projections on a 36" x 48" ground-glass screen in full optical color.

Sanderson also notes that the BBC broadcast television six hours a week in England in 1934, reaching about sixty miles around London. He claims to have made his first TV broadcast in early 1938 with a live elephant, and several others before World War II. He concludes by acknowledging Farnsworth as the first American inventor of television but cautions against claiming American firsts for everything, referencing the "parallel evolution" of ideas.

Current Pursuits

Under "Current Pursuits," there are brief mentions of "Entombed Toads (And Other Anura)" and "Chain in Rock." Marion Fawcett is mentioned for her experiments related to dessicated frogs reportedly reviving in water. Regarding "Chain in Rock," the magazine seeks further information about an alleged enormous chain used as a ladder along the Amazon River.

Book Reviews

The "Book Reviews" section features several reviews:

In Pursuit of the Abominable Snowman by Odette Tchernine

This review, by Marion L. Fawcett, critiques Odette Tchernine's book, published in the US as "In Pursuit of the Abominable Snowman" and in the UK as "The Yeti." The reviewer finds the book enchanting but flawed, noting that Tchernine's publisher provides little information about her. Fawcett points out passages that are difficult to interpret and quotes Tchernine stating that few "wild men" have been captured. The review also mentions Gerald Russell advising an expedition on equipment, including "flying syringes to fire sedatives."

Fawcett criticizes Tchernine's handling of the "Bozo or 'Iceman'" case, calling it a "muddle" and suggesting she relied on newspaper articles. Tchernine dismisses the case as a hoax based on inaccurate information. The reviewer also notes Tchernine's ignorance of Western Hemisphere affairs and her failure to read Ivan T. Sanderson's "Abominable Snowmen: Legend Come to Life."

The review highlights the distinction between the Yeti, described as a giant ape or pongid found in south central Eurasia, and other ABSMs (Abominable Snowmen), which are categorized as hominids or man-types. The review includes illustrations of a Yeti footprint (from Eric Shipton's cast in 1951) and a "Suskwatch" (Bigfoot) footprint (from 1959), emphasizing their distinct differences.

The review further criticizes Tchernine for lumping all ABSMs as "relic Neanderthalers" and for her vague and general information, often quoting Professor Boris Porshnev. Fawcett suggests Tchernine has no knowledge of zoology or physical anthropology and recommends reading Sanderson's book first. She also points out Tchernine's misinterpretation of Carleton Coon on the subject of "hairy Ainus" and her confusion regarding Darwin and the Bible.

An appendix by Gordon Creighton on "Remnant Hominids" and a "ridiculous and useless index" are also mentioned, along with illustrations of skulls and reconstructions not referred to in the text. The reviewer concludes that Tchernine is charming and naive but suspect as a reporter, particularly her apparent belief in Russian reports while disbelieving US and Canadian ones.

Ancient Norse Messages on American Stones by Ole Godfred Landsverk

This review discusses the debate surrounding the authenticity of Norse runic inscriptions found in North America. The book by Dr. Landsverk and his associate Alf Monge updates their findings on these inscriptions, which are found in the Northeast and Oklahoma, with the Kensington Stone being the most famous. The "anti-Norse" contend the inscriptions are forgeries because some runes "don't make sense." The authors argue that the 'phoney' runes are a "lost art" and puzzles requiring knowledge of how dates could be indicated with minimal carving.

One Hundred Thousand Years of Man's Unknown History by Robert Charroux

This review dismisses Robert Charroux's book as "bilge," containing a few interesting points but mostly "unutterable rubbish." The reviewer criticizes the author's claim that Tiahuanaco was built by Venusians, calling it an unproven "fact." The book is described as being read and believed by those with little knowledge and inadequate education. The reviewer notes Charroux's poor knowledge of physical and cultural anthropology and his tendency to make errors, such as misinterpreting evidence for "Zinjanthropus." While acknowledging that the thesis of extraterrestrial visitation might be correct, the reviewer states Charroux arrives at it through wrong methods and reasons.

The Friendly Beast by Vitus B. Dröscher

Despite its "ridiculous" title, this book is described as "absolutely fascinating." The reviewer notes that zoologists often caution against "anthropomorphizing" animals, but Dr.öscher's book focuses on "human behaviour" in animals. The reviewer admits to being a bit bored by the short section on humans but praises the author for thoroughly checking his material and reporting observations from qualified ethologists.

Other Notes

A note is included about the availability of "Intelligent Life in the Universe" by I. S. Shklovskii and Carl Sagan in paperback. Another note addresses issues members have with obtaining books reviewed in the magazine, offering to forward orders to publishers if local bookstores are unhelpful.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The magazine consistently explores unexplained phenomena, historical mysteries, and fringe science. The editorial stance appears to be critical and analytical, particularly evident in the book reviews where authors' methodologies and conclusions are scrutinized. There is a clear emphasis on evidence-based reasoning, even when discussing speculative topics. The publication also seems to value direct experience and firsthand accounts, as suggested by the call for more information on the "Chain in Rock" and the mention of members' reports. The Society itself states it does not hold or express corporate views, with opinions belonging solely to the authors.