Phactum - 2012 08 - August

Magazine Overview

Title: Phactum
Issue: August / September 2012
Publisher: Philadelphia Association for Critical Thinking
Document Type: Magazine Issue

Main Feature: Edge of the Universe

The lead article, "Edge of the Universe: A Voyage to the Cosmic Horizon and Beyond," by Paul Halpern, delves into the revolutionary state of cosmology. It discusses the observable universe and theories suggesting a potentially infinite reality beyond our current understanding, including the concept of a multiverse. The article poses fundamental questions about the universe's size, composition, origins, and the possibility of unseen dimensions. Paul Halpern, a Professor of Physics, is highlighted as the author of 13 books on physics and the universe. His research interests include general relativity, cellular automata, genetic algorithms, and the history of modern physics. A book signing is mentioned as following the PhACT meeting.

PhACT Meeting Announcement

A PhACT meeting is scheduled for Saturday, September 15, 2012, at the Community College of Philadelphia. The event will feature Dr. David Cattell, Chairman of the Physics Department, hosting Paul Halpern, who will speak about his book. The meeting is free and open to the public, with handicap accessibility.

Table of Contents Highlights

The issue includes a variety of articles and reports:

• Letters to the Editor: Features a discussion on the 'talking mongoose' of the Isle of Man and critical thinking standards.
• PhACT Meeting Reports: Details of past meetings.
• The PhACT Blue Hole Expedition: Notes by Ed Gracely and Jeff Cooney.
• Another Ancestral Species?: By Paul Schlueter III.
• Wagner Free Institute: Information on Fall 2012 Adult Education courses.
• A 19th Century Mayor of Philadelphia / Elected Vice President of the United States: By Ric Ben-Safed.
• Calendar of Events: Upcoming events.

Some Interesting Galactic Facts

This section presents a collection of facts about the Milky Way and its components, sourced from Science News and compiled by Paul Schlueter III. Key facts include:

• Speed of the Sun: 83,500 km/h relative to the galaxy.
• First map of the Milky Way: 1785, by William and Caroline Herschel.
• Sagittarius A* (central black hole) is 27,000 light years from the sun and has a mass of approximately 4 million times the sun's.
• Diameter of the galactic bulge: 8,000 light years; diameter of galactic spirals: 100,000 light years.
• Milky Way's rotational speed: 250 km/s.
• Estimated mass of the Milky Way is equal to that of Andromeda.
• Estimated number of stars: 100 billion.

Caroline Lucretia Herschel (1750-1848)

This article details the life of Caroline Herschel, sister of Sir William Herschel. Born in Hanover, Germany, she overcame physical challenges and became a pioneering astronomer. Initially assisting her brother, she developed expertise in telescope making. Her contributions include the discovery of the open cluster NGC 2360 and 14 other deep sky objects. She also discovered eight comets between 1786 and 1797. Caroline is recognized as the world's first female professional astronomer and the first woman to hold a paid government position in England.

Arsenic - Medicinal and Non-Medicinal Uses

This section explores the historical use of arsenic. It begins by referencing an article about a woman who died of arsenic poisoning from a topical compound used for self-diagnosed breast cancer. It then discusses the development of Salvarsan by German physician Paul Erlich in 1909, an effective arsenic-based cure for syphilis. The article also mentions Fowler's Solution, an inorganic potassium-arsenic compound used as a tonic and for various diseases. Despite its toxicity and side effects, arsenic trioxide has seen a resurgence, with FDA approval for treating Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia (APL) and proposed clinical trials for Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia (CML).

The non-medicinal use section recounts the story of Lyda Anna Mae Trueblood, who was convicted of murder by arsenic poisoning. Her history involves multiple marriages and life insurance policies, with arsenic being found in Edward Meyer's body after his death.

Other Books by Paul Halpern

Page 3 features a prominent display of other books authored by Paul Halpern, including titles like "Collider," "Faraway WorldsPlanets," "The Cyclical Serpent," "What's Science Ever Done for Us?", "Brave New Universe," "The Pursuit of Destiny," "Countdown to Apocalypse," "Cosmic Wormholes," "The Great Beyond," "The Quest for Alien Planets," and "Time Journeys." Information is also provided for a German version of "Cosmic Wormholes" titled "Löcher im All."

Discussion on Skepticism and Quackery

Several sections address skepticism and the debunking of pseudoscientific claims:

• "Just the facts ain't enough, Ma'am": This article discusses the challenges of dealing with Creationists and quack medicine enthusiasts who adhere to beliefs despite contrary evidence. It references Sean B. Carroll's six steps used by denialists.
• "QUACK!!! Quack!! Quack!": This section reviews websites that analyze quackery, including thequackdoctor.com, Quackwatch.com, and quackometer.net. The 'Quackometer' is presented as a tool to measure a website's 'quackery content' in 'Canards.' The article notes that Phact.org received a rating of 0 Canards, indicating skepticism and debunking, while other sites like The International Center for Reiki Training, ABC Homeopathy, and American Chiropractic Association received higher quackery ratings.
• "Mutant butterflies": Reports on mutant butterflies observed near the Fukushima Nuclear Power Plant disaster site, linking them to radiation.
• "Mermaids are Not Real!": Discusses the NOAA's debunking of a program about mermaids, while also mentioning the Fiji Merman at the Zwaanendael Museum.

Tribute to Ray Bradbury

The issue includes a brief mention of the passing of science fiction writer Ray Bradbury on June 5, 2012. A limerick from "The Omnificent English Dictionary In Limerick Form" is included, celebrating his role as a voice for important matters.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

Phactum consistently promotes critical thinking, skepticism towards pseudoscientific claims, and an interest in science, particularly astronomy and physics. The magazine encourages reader participation through letters, rebuttals, and thoughtful articles, welcoming diverse perspectives while maintaining a focus on evidence-based reasoning. The editorial stance is clearly in favor of scientific inquiry and against unsubstantiated beliefs, as evidenced by the discussions on quackery and the promotion of scientific literacy.

Title: Phactum
Issue: August / September 2012
Volume: 11
Publisher: PhACT
Country: USA
Language: English

This issue of Phactum delves into a variety of intriguing topics, from a scientific expedition to a mysterious natural site to cutting-edge research in human evolution and local historical figures.

PhACT Expedition to the Blue Hole of New Jersey

The magazine features a detailed report by Ed Gracely on a PhACT (presumably an organization) expedition to the 'Blue Hole' in the New Jersey Pine Barrens. The site is described as having a history of anomalous temperature readings and folklore, including associations with the Jersey Devil. The expedition, which took place on a sunny Saturday morning, involved about a dozen PhACT members and friends. Don Nigroni, an expert on the Pine Barrens and PhACT member, led the group. During the excursion, they learned about the local flora and fauna while walking through the woods. Eric Krieg, PhACT President, took radiation readings, which were found to be not excessive (7 microrad per hour). Water from the Blue Hole was tested by Eric, who described it as having a slightly metallic and dead leaf flavor. The dog accompanying the group, named Rhett, was noted to be acting normally throughout the investigation. The folklore surrounding the Blue Hole, as recounted by Don Nigroni and drawn from Henry Charlton Beck's "More Forgotten Towns of Southern New Jersey," includes beliefs about the Devil residing there and luring swimmers. This legend is suggested to have served a practical purpose of keeping children from swimming. The article also mentions the possibility of finding Jimmy Hoffa there. Further scientific investigation included testing the water's temperature and depth. Depths ranged from 3' 1.5" to 7' 2", not supporting the 'bottomless' myth. Temperature readings varied, with cooler spots in the shade and warmer spots in the sun. The geology of the area, characterized by sandy soils supporting specific plant life, was also discussed. Eric tested the air for electric fields, finding none, but noted a slight electrical field in the water, possibly due to its acidity. The article includes descriptions of various plants found in the Pine Barrens, such as pitch pine, white cedar, sweet pepperbush, blueberries, sheep laurel, Swamp Azalea, Black Gum, and Swamp Magnolia. A recent report by Jeffrey Cooney focuses on the vegetation of the Blue Hole wetland and the surrounding Pine Barrens, highlighting the unique mosaic landscape created by forest fires, sandy soil, and acidic waters. He details the upland and lowland plant communities, including specific tree and shrub species. The article concludes that the Blue Hole is a hidden gem that needs protection.

Paleoanthropology and Human Evolution

Another significant section of the magazine explores recent discoveries in paleoanthropology. Paul Schlueter III reports on a potential new species of Homo found in south-central Chinese caves, dated between 14.3 and 11.5 Kya. This specimen exhibits a mix of modern and archaic features, leading to speculation about its evolutionary lineage and whether it represents a distinct Asian species. The article touches upon the challenges in defining species within the Homo genus and the ongoing debate surrounding classifications, particularly in light of Creationist interpretations. It also references new evidence suggesting that west-Euro Neanderthals were genetically distinct and were eventually supplanted by east-Euro Neanderthals between 70 and 55 Kya. The role of DNA research in identifying ancient hominin groups like the Denisovans is highlighted, with the potential for future discoveries to shed light on their culture, health, and disappearance. The author expresses personal intrigue with these scientific discoveries over modern myths like Bigfoot.

Local History and Community Events

The issue also features a piece by Ric Ben-Safed on George M. Dallas, a 19th-century Mayor of Philadelphia who later became Vice President of the United States. The article notes the surprising lack of historical markers or recognition for Dallas in Philadelphia, despite his significant roles. It details his birth, his time as Mayor (appointed by the Municipal Corporation), and his tenure as Vice President under James K. Polk. The article also touches upon the differences in city government and legal practices in Philadelphia during that era. A quote from Dallas himself, asserting his rights and liberties as a citizen of Pennsylvania and his commitment to Freemasonry, is included.

Community events are also promoted. The Third Annual Philadelphia Honey Festival is announced, scheduled for September 7-9, 2012, at the Wagner Free Institute of Science, Wyck Historic House & Garden, and Bartram's Garden. The festival aims to raise awareness about the importance of bees and promote urban beekeeping. Speakers and activities, including talks on bees, honey brewing, and historical aspects of the Philadelphia Honeybee, are highlighted. Additionally, the Wagner Free Institute of Science is promoting its Fall 2012 Adult Education courses, covering topics such as physics and chemistry in the kitchen, the evolution of food and diet, and the history of photography.

Viewpoint and Recurring Themes

A "Viewpoint" section includes a quote from psychologist Jonathan Haidt on tribalism and politics, emphasizing how shared 'sacredness' unites groups and drives political behavior. This aligns with recurring themes of community, identity, and the interpretation of evidence, whether scientific, historical, or folkloric, that appear throughout the magazine. The editorial stance appears to favor scientific inquiry, critical thinking, and an appreciation for both natural history and local heritage, while remaining skeptical of paranormal claims.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The magazine consistently explores the intersection of science, history, and local culture. There is a clear emphasis on empirical investigation, as seen in the Blue Hole expedition and the paleoanthropology articles. The publication also demonstrates an interest in local history and community engagement, promoting events and highlighting historical figures. While acknowledging folklore and unusual phenomena, the overall tone leans towards skepticism and rational explanation, as evidenced by the conclusion of the Blue Hole trip being "no paranormal events." The magazine champions scientific education and the preservation of natural and historical sites.

This document is the "PHACT CALENDAR" for August/September 2012, published by the Philadelphia Association for Critical Thinking (PhACT). It serves as a comprehensive listing of upcoming events, lectures, workshops, and tours, primarily focused on science, history, medicine, and critical thinking, with a strong emphasis on events taking place in Philadelphia and its surrounding areas.

PhACT Events

The calendar highlights several events organized or hosted by PhACT:

• September 15, 2012: Physicist Paul Halpern will discuss his new book “Edge of the Universe: A Voyage to the Cosmic Horizon and Beyond” at the Community College of Philadelphia.
• October 20, 2012: Princeton Professor Michael Gordin will speak on “The Pseudoscience Wars: Immanuel Velikovsky and the Birth of the Modern Fringe” at the Community College of Philadelphia.
• November 17, 2012: Writer Ken Silber will speak on “Politics vs Science”.
• February 16, 2013: John Ruscio will discuss fallacies and new technology related to lie detector tests.
• September 21, 2013: Nicoli Nattrass of South Africa will discuss “AIDS denialism”.

These PhACT events are generally held at the Community College of Philadelphia, with parking available and accessible facilities. Meetings are free and open to the public unless otherwise noted.

Other Featured Events and Organizations

The calendar also lists a wide array of events from various institutions and organizations, many of which are in Philadelphia:

Community College of Philadelphia

• September 15, 2012: Physicist Paul Halpern discusses his book “Edge of the Universe”.

Eastern State Penitentiary

• September 7, 2012: "Secret Cinema" presents the film "WE WHO ARE ABOUT TO DIE" (1937), a drama based on the true story of John Lamson. This event is held in a unique screening room within the historic penitentiary.

Laurel Hill Cemetery

A significant number of events are hosted at Laurel Hill Cemetery, including:

• September 8, 2012: A concert by The Divine Hand Ensemble atop the Crypts, featuring funerary music and Theremin performance.
• September 16, 2012: A walking tour titled "Buried in the Land of Strangers: The Confederates of Laurel Hill".
• September 22, 2012: A walking tour titled "Inside Mausolea: Looking Outward".
• September 28, 2012: A tour titled "Laurel Hill: The Hot Spots and Storied Plots".
• September 29, 2012: A program on "Nature in the Necropolis", focusing on the cemetery's arboretum and bird species.
• September 30, 2012: A walking tour titled "The Worlds of Thomas Jefferson at Laurel Hill Cemetery".
• October 2, 2012: An Antemortem Society event titled "Before Their Time: The Forever Young of Laurel Hill", exploring stories of those who died young.
• October 6, 2012: The "4th Annual Rest in Peace 5K Run".
• October 9, 2012: A tour titled "Spirits and Spiritualists of Laurel Hill Cemetery".
• October 13, 2012: A tour titled "Protecting the High Seas: The Naval Personnel of Laurel Hill".
• October 13, 2012: A paranormal investigation workshop titled "Ghosts Among Our Graves".
• October 14, 2012: "Fall Family Day" with Halloween-themed activities.
• October 19, 2012: The "8th Annual Gravediggers' Ball" fundraiser.
• October 23, 2012: A walking tour focused on Edgar Allan Poe's time in Philadelphia.
• October 26, 2012: A tour titled "Laurel Hill: The Hot Spots and Storied Plots".
• October 30, 2012: "Halloween Flashlight Tours at Laurel Hill Cemetery".

College of Physicians of Philadelphia

This institution hosts numerous lectures and events, including:

• September 13, 2012: The Samuel X Radbill Lecture: "The Civil War: How It Impacted the Future of Medicine in America".
• September 19, 2012: A lecture on "Food & Thought: 'Litter, Lighting, Parks and Promotions: The Multiple Roles of Business Improvement Districts'" by Paul R. Levy.
• September 19, 2012: A lecture on "Arctic Voices: Resistance at the Tipping Point" by Subhankar Banerjee.
• September 21, 2012: A symposium on "The Health Effects of Hydraulic Fracturing".
• September 22, 2012: "Civil War Hospital Day", evoking the atmosphere of medical wartime Philadelphia.
• October 1, 2012: A lecture on "Vaccines and the March of Dimes: From Polio to Rubella".
• October 15, 2012: A lecture on "Authentic Voices in the Exam Room: The Use of Poetic Imagery in Medicine" by Gabriella Miotto.
• October 17, 2012: A lecture on "Food & Thought: 'Just Add Water: A Guide to Water-Drinking Myths'" by Stanley Goldfarb.
• October 30, 2012: The Annual Robert L. Sadoff, MD, FCPP Lecture: “The Goodness of the Physician: Hippocrates to High Tech" by Sherwin B. Nuland.

The Franklin Institute Science Museum

• September 13, 2012: A lecture on "The Archaeology of Qumran and the Dead Sea Scrolls".
• October 11, 2012: A lecture on "Theology of the Dead Sea Scrolls".

Other Notable Events and Venues

• September 12, 2012: Philadelphia Nerd Nite at Frankford Hall.
• September 19, 2012: "From Roots to Re-Entry: Green Job Training Behind and Beyond Prison Walls" at The Academy of Natural Sciences of Drexel University.
• September 20, 2012: "From Roots to Re-Entry: Green Job Training Behind and Beyond Prison Walls" at The Academy of Natural Sciences of Drexel University.
• September 25, 2012: A talk by Clarissa Dillon, PhD, at the Marple Historical Society on 18th Century English food.
• September 26, 2012: American Revolution Round Table of Philadelphia at Brittingham's Irish Pub.
• September 27, 2012: "From Flora to Fire: The Ecological Story of the New Jersey Pine Barrens" at the Wagner Free Institute of Science.
• October 1, 2012: A play by Ian Ruskin, "To Begin the World Over Again: The Life of Thomas Paine", at the American Philosophical Society.
• October 26, 2012: A reception and presentation on "1812: The Navy's War" by George Daughan at the American Philosophical Society.
• October 27, 2012: A "Hands-on Workshop: A Fall Meal" at the 1696 Thomas Massey House.
• October 21, 2012: A talk by Clarissa Dillon, PhD, on "How the Civil War Influenced the American Revolution" at the Tredyffrin-Easttown Historical Society.

Science on Tap

This monthly series features informal presentations by scientists on engaging topics, held at various locations. The September event features Dr. Amy Freestone discussing "Takeover by Alien Invaders: Invasive Species in our Oceans".

Rittenhouse Astronomical Society

Monthly meetings are held at the Fels Planetarium at the Franklin Institute, offering opportunities to learn about astronomy.

PhACT Calendar Submission Policy

The PhACT Calendar is open to members and non-members for announcing meetings and events of other groups that are of general interest to the skeptical or scientific community and within a reasonable radius of Philadelphia. Submissions should be brief and sent to the editor at [email protected]. Space is limited, and insertions are made on a first-come, first-served basis after PhACT's needs are met. Phactum does not accept paid advertising.

Policy For Article Use

Materials originating in Phactum may be reprinted by groups recognized in CSI's international network of skeptics organizations, provided the author and PhACT are credited. Other publications require permission from PhACT. Permission for using materials from other sources must be obtained from the original publisher.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The recurring themes in this calendar are science, critical thinking, history, medicine, and the exploration of various cultural and scientific topics. The editorial stance, as implied by PhACT's mission and the content of the calendar, is to promote scientific literacy, skepticism, and engagement with educational and intellectual events within the Philadelphia community. The publication actively supports youth science education through its High School Science Fair Student Prize Funds.