Phactum - 2011 07 - July

Magazine Overview

Title: Phactum
Issue: July/August 2011
Publisher: Philadelphia Association for Critical Thinking
Date: July/August 2011

This issue of Phactum, the newsletter and propaganda organ of the Philadelphia Association for Critical Thinking, features a cover story questioning the scientific validity of the Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence (SETI) and delves into various other topics including homeopathy, historical anecdotes, and current events through a skeptical lens.

Has SETI Lost Its Compass?

The lead article, "Has SETI Lost Its Compass?" by Thomas M. Medero, argues that SETI has strayed from scientific principles. Medero contends that SETI's conviction that intelligent extraterrestrial life exists is a baseless claim, lacking empirical evidence and failing to adhere to the scientific method. He points out that the vastness of space makes direct contact extremely difficult, with light-year distances posing significant communication challenges. Medero criticizes the optimism of SETI scientists, suggesting their belief is driven by tenacity rather than scientific proof. He proposes that a more productive scientific pursuit would be the search for extremophiles or other exotic life forms, which could provide a better foundation for understanding life.

Letters to the Editor and Editor's Responses

Howard J. Wilk expresses his dissatisfaction with what he perceives as anti-gambling propaganda in Phactum, arguing that the societal impact of gambling is not relevant to the publication's focus on critical thinking and skepticism. He believes the magazine should focus on issues more narrowly defined than broad societal impact, contrasting it with topics like the efficacy of bomb detectors or psychic predictions.

The editor responds by stating that almost any issue with societal impact is relevant to Phactum, including topics like vaccines and homeopathy, and appreciates letters that make the publication lively. The editor challenges Wilk to propose specific topics that fit his definition of relevance.

Wilk clarifies his stance, emphasizing that while gambling has a societal impact, it is neither a necessary nor sufficient criterion for inclusion in Phactum. He argues that issues relevant to Phactum are those that can be critically examined, such as the effectiveness of specific tools or the predictability of psychic phenomena, rather than broad societal questions like whether states should run lotteries.

Another letter from L. David Leiter corrects a minor error in a previous article about windmills, clarifying a distinction between pulses per minute and Hertz (Hz).

Various Ruminations

Collected and written by Ray Haupt, this section covers several distinct topics:

Tinnitus and Homeopathy

Haupt discusses the prevalence of tinnitus, an auditory condition, and the advertising of a homeopathic remedy called "Quietus." He notes the lack of ingredient information and cost on the manufacturer's website, but finds it available on Amazon for $99.99 for a 60-day supply. Dr. Thomas Latino is cited as analyzing the ingredients, which include "Lachesis Mutusis," a poison derived from the venom of the Bushmaster snake. Haupt expresses surprise that a rock and roll drummer developed this product, questioning the source of such knowledge and access to potent venoms.

Historical Anecdotes

Several historical figures and events are mentioned:

• Quietus: The name "Quietus" is explored, referencing three Roman military or political figures: Tiberius Avidius Quietus, Lusius Quietus, and Titus Fulvius Iunius Quietus. It also notes the use of the name in P.D. James' novel "The Children of Men" as a ritualized form of mass suicide.
• Snake Venom: Don Nigroni reports an incident in New Jersey where a man was bitten by a timber rattlesnake while trying to help it cross the road. The high cost and rarity of antivenin are highlighted, along with the nerve-wracking process of milking rattlesnakes.
• Sir John Pringle and Benjamin Franklin: An editor's note recalls a previous letter about Benjamin Franklin's recommendation of sharp lightning rods and King George III's opposition. It mentions Sir John Pringle, a Scottish physician and the "father of military medicine," who was a companion of Franklin and later King George III's physician.

Environmental Incidents and Folklore

• Fish Kill: The editor recounts witnessing hundreds of dead fish in Darby Creek and a similar incident at Ridley Park Lake. Initial tests showed normal water conditions, leading to speculation about a contaminant that moved downstream. The article also references the folklore of the "Jersey Devil" and its alleged connection to such events.
• Sea Monster Sightings: Don Nigroni shares an old newspaper clipping from the Inquirer and National Gazette (December 20, 1844) about a Sea Serpent sighting near Cape May, NJ, described as 25 feet long. Another report mentions a decomposed sea monster found under the Brooklyn Bridge, identified as an Atlantic Sturgeon.

Other Topics

• The PHACT Campaign: Ed Gracely reports on a lobbying campaign by the American Public Health Association (APHA) called PHACT, aimed at increasing congressional support for public health issues. The APHA's history and mission are detailed.
• Florida Evil Spirit Cleansing Scam: An Associated Press article is referenced about three women arrested for defrauding people by offering to cleanse them of evil spirits.
• John Scopes Trial: A scholar has added photos of scientists and reporters involved in the John Scopes trial, noting the absence of anyone named "Steve."
• Vitamin Donuts: A vintage advertisement for "Vitamin Donuts" is presented with the caption "We are rendered speechless."

Creeping Creationism

This section discusses a report by NCSE's Steven Newton about "Creeping Creationism," where creationists allegedly interject their ideas into mainstream geology by participating in field trips and scientific meetings without overtly promoting their views, later claiming acceptance by mainstream science. The article highlights that while some geologists involved in these tactics are identified, others, like Steve Austin, chair of the Geology Department at the Institute for Creation Research, are not explicitly named in the NCSE's "Project Steve" list.

Canberra Skeptics Inc. Event

Canberra Skeptics Inc. and the CSIRO Discovery Science Centre are presenting an event titled "Witch-hunters, Injustice and Superstition: How science and skepticism will benefit Africa." The speaker, Mr. Leo Igwe, founder of the Nigerian Humanist Movement, will discuss how science and skepticism can challenge irrational beliefs in Africa, particularly concerning witch-hunting. The event details, including date, time, and location in Canberra, Australia, are provided, along with RSVP information for a subsequent dinner.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

Throughout this issue, Phactum maintains a strong stance promoting skepticism, critical thinking, and scientific rationality. The magazine actively critiques pseudoscience, questionable medical claims (like homeopathy), and unsubstantiated beliefs (such as those in SETI or creationism). The editorial approach encourages rigorous examination of evidence and adherence to the scientific method. The publication also engages with current events and historical anecdotes to illustrate the importance of critical thinking and to highlight instances where it has been lacking or applied effectively. The letters to the editor section demonstrates an ongoing dialogue about the scope and relevance of topics covered by the magazine, with the editor consistently advocating for a broad interpretation of "societal impact" as it relates to critical inquiry.

This issue of Phactum, dated July/August 2011, presents a diverse collection of articles, poems, and historical correspondence, touching upon themes of personal reflection, scientific inquiry, skepticism, and the nature of identity.

Empty Nest, Full Life

The issue opens with a poem titled "Empty Nest, Full Life" by Albert Fried-Cassorla. The poem reflects on the bittersweet experience of parents whose children are leaving home after eighteen years of raising them. It captures the silent "dirge" of departure, the mix of excitement and expectation for the future, and the personal introspection that accompanies this life transition. The poet contemplates the "deeper wisdom" found in the "newer shape of couplehood" and the opportunity for personal pursuits, encouraging parents to cherish the memories and embrace the ongoing "Book of Life."

A letter from Benjamin Franklin to Sir John Pringle observing the physics of an oil lamp

This section features a letter from Benjamin Franklin to Sir John Pringle, dated December 1, 1762, written from Philadelphia. Franklin recounts an observation made during a sea voyage near Madeira. He describes constructing a makeshift oil lamp using a glass tumbler, water, and oil. He notes that while the oil's surface remained tranquil, the water beneath it was in constant, irregular motion. This phenomenon persisted nightly when the lamp was in use and ceased when the oil was depleted, only to resume when oil was added again. Franklin repeated this experiment in America, demonstrating that agitating water in a tumbler caused it to remain still when oil was gently poured on top, while the oil's surface became agitated. He expresses his belief that this "new appearance" might lead to new principles in natural knowledge.

Ray Haupt attends the 2010 SSE Annual Meeting

This article is a rebuttal by L. David Leiter, a PhACT subscriber, concerning remarks made by Ray Haupt, the Phactum Editor, about the 2010 Society for Scientific Exploration (SSE) Annual Meeting in Boulder, Colorado. Leiter thanks Haupt for attending the meeting, which he admits was not the most inspiring SSE meeting he had attended in his 20 years as a member, attributing some issues to the program chair. Leiter then addresses Haupt's comments about Dr. Bill Bengston, the newly elected SSE president, who conducted groundbreaking experiments in psychic healing. Leiter expresses surprise and sadness at Haupt's alleged declarations: "It never happened!", "There is no God", and "Reincarnation doesn't exist." Leiter defends Bengston's research, referencing his paper in the Journal of Scientific Exploration (JSE) and noting that other universities invited Bengston to repeat his experiments with consistent results. He questions the value of trying to convince a rigid skeptic like Haupt, especially given PhACT's past refusal to invite Bengston to speak. Leiter also touches on the concept of "pseudo-skeptics" versus "skepticism" and notes a perceived double-standard in how PhACT refers to SSE members' work as "pseudo-science."

The Magic of Names

Authored by Paul Schlueter III, this article delves into the significance and power of names across various contexts. It begins with the biblical account of Adam naming the animals, suggesting this was an early indication of mankind's dominion and creativity. The article explores how names are given in aboriginal tribes, often with a secret spiritual name known only to a few, and how knowledge of this name can be used for curses or control. It then shifts to modern society, discussing how names are used for identification, from formal government registration and street gang "street names" used for concealment, to the use of nicknames and aliases for various social reasons. The article highlights the increasing importance of DNA analysis for identification and ancestry. It also touches on the cultural practice of changing names and the illegal preparation of falsified identification documents. The author notes that while surnames have become less reliable for lineage identification, the Social Security Number has become a de facto "secret, spiritual name" for many Americans. The article concludes by emphasizing the near-spiritual reverence people hold for the practice of naming, suggesting its profound impact on our psyches.

More Planets to Peruse

Another contribution by Paul Schlueter III, this article focuses on astronomical discoveries, specifically those made by NASA's Kepler observatory. Kepler, orbiting Earth, has identified 1,235 "candidate planets" by observing the periodic dimming of starlight as planets transit their stars. This method is more sensitive than ground-based telescopes due to the absence of atmospheric distortion. The article mentions that these candidates require verification by other observatories. Based on Kepler's findings, scientists estimate there could be 20,000 "goldilocks zone" planets in the Milky Way, where temperatures might allow liquid water. The article categorizes the candidates, noting that 54 are potentially habitable, with five Earth-sized. It also discusses other potential explanations for transit signals, such as sunspots or dust clouds. The article briefly mentions that astronomers have already verified over 500 extrasolar planets using other methods.

PhACT Calendar

The issue concludes with a calendar of upcoming PhACT events. These include monthly meetings hosted by Dr. David Cattell at the Community College of Philadelphia, featuring speakers on topics like "The Search for Extra Terrestrial Intelligence." Other events listed are a "Mega-Bad Movie Night" at the Academy of Natural Sciences featuring "Mega Python vs. Gatoroid," and a presentation on "TeV Gamma-Ray Astronomy and Supernova Remnants" by Dana Saxon.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The recurring themes in this issue of Phactum include the exploration of the unknown, whether in personal life transitions (poetry), historical scientific observation (Franklin's letter), controversial scientific research (Bengston's work), the nature of identity and communication (names), or the search for extraterrestrial life and planets (SSE meeting, Kepler discoveries). The magazine appears to foster a community interested in skeptical inquiry, scientific exploration, and the discussion of potentially unconventional topics, while also providing a platform for creative expression and historical perspectives. The editorial stance seems to encourage critical thinking and open discussion, as evidenced by the rebuttal of Ray Haupt's comments and the detailed exploration of various viewpoints on scientific and philosophical subjects.

Title: Phactum
Issue: July/August 2011
Publisher: Philadelphia Association for Critical Thinking
Document Type: Magazine Issue

Content Summary

This issue of Phactum, dated July/August 2011, serves as a comprehensive calendar of events, lectures, and activities primarily focused on the Philadelphia area. The publication highlights a diverse range of intellectual and cultural offerings, spanning historical discussions, scientific explorations, political commentary, and community gatherings.

Events and Lectures:

The magazine details numerous upcoming events, many of which are hosted by organizations such as the Laurel Hill Cemetery, the Free Library of Philadelphia, and the American Philosophical Society. These events feature a variety of formats, including documentary screenings, historical walking tours, lectures, book signings, and panel discussions.

Key Event Themes and Highlights:

• Historical Exploration: Several events delve into American history. A documentary screening of "The Lord is Not on Trial Here Today" discusses the landmark 1945 First Amendment case establishing the separation of religion and government in public schools. Laurel Hill Cemetery hosts numerous tours focusing on its historical significance, including "Died at Sea, Lost at Sea, Buried at Sea," exploring maritime connections to grave markers; "The Worlds of Thomas Jefferson," an exploration of figures recognized by Jefferson; and "Stop the Presses: Laurel Hill's Newspaper Publishers," focusing on the city's newspaper magnates. The "Battle of Belmont Plateau" Civil War Reenactment commemorates the 150th anniversary of the Civil War.
• Political and Social Commentary: Lectures address contemporary issues. Larry Flynt and David Eisenbach discuss "One Nation Under Sex: How the Private Lives of Presidents, First Ladies and Their Lovers Changed the Course of American History." Juan Williams discusses "Muzzled: The Assault on Honest Debate," reflecting on free speech and political correctness. A lecture by Andrew Burstein and Nancy Isenberg examines the political relationship between "Madison and Jefferson."
• Science and Philosophy: The issue features events on scientific topics. The Freethought Society hosts a presentation on "Foundations of Evolution" by Mike Reid. The Rittenhouse Astronomical Society schedules a talk on "The Effect of Planetaria on Modern Media / Culture." Earl Bennett discusses "The Search for Extra Terrestrial Intelligence." Biochemist Joseph Rucker gives a talk on "Chile Peppers: The Science of Heat and Pain." Rebecca Kamen explores the intersection of "Art and Science." Additionally, "History Live" at the Chemical Heritage Foundation focuses on "Cancer Therapies: Nineteenth Century to Tomorrow."
• Community and Special Interest: The "Socrates Cafe" is mentioned as a free, open-to-the-public philosophical discussion group. The "Science on Tap" series features informal presentations by scientists.

Specific Event Details:

Events often include dates, times, locations (with addresses), costs (general admission, member, senior/student rates), and contact information or registration links. Many tours at Laurel Hill Cemetery are themed "Twilight Tours."

PhACT Information:

The publication also includes information about the Philadelphia Association for Critical Thinking (PhACT), its mission, and membership details. It details the PhACT's High School Science Fair Student Prize Funds, encouraging donations to support youth science education. Contact information for the PhACT Council members is provided, including the editor of Phactum, Ray Haupt.

Policy for Article Use:

Phactum outlines its policy for article use, stating that materials originating in Phactum may be reprinted by groups recognized in CSI's international network of skeptics organizations, provided proper credit is given. Other publications must obtain permission from PhACT.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

Phactum, as the "main propaganda organ for the Philadelphia Association for Critical Thinking," consistently promotes critical thinking, skepticism, and intellectual engagement with a wide array of subjects. The editorial stance appears to favor open debate, the examination of historical events and figures from diverse perspectives, and the exploration of scientific and philosophical concepts. There is a strong emphasis on providing accessible educational opportunities to the public through lectures, discussions, and tours. The magazine also demonstrates a commitment to supporting youth education, particularly in science, through its prize fund initiatives. The recurring themes include the importance of free speech, the examination of historical narratives, the advancement of scientific understanding, and the critical analysis of societal issues.