Ovnis - Un desafio a la ciencia - No 09

Magazine Overview

Title: Ovnis
Subtitle: Un Desafío a la Ciencia
Issue: Nro. 9
Volume: Año II
Date: Octubre - Noviembre 1975
Publisher: Órgano del Círculo Argentino de Investigaciones Ufológicas (C.A.D.I.U.)
Country: Argentina
Language: Spanish

This issue of 'Ovnis' magazine, a publication dedicated to the scientific study of UFO phenomena, presents a strong emphasis on methodological rigor and detailed case reports. The cover features a striking image of a red oval UFO against a dark background, with headlines highlighting articles on UFO tracking centers in Texas, scientific relations between fungi and UFOs, and the photography of luminous objects in France.

Editorial: ¿Hacia una Metodología Internacional?

The editorial, "¿Hacia una Metodología Internacional?" (Towards an International Methodology?), underscores the critical need for a scientific approach to understanding the UFO phenomenon. It argues that mere casuistry is insufficient without a robust, systematic methodology that guarantees the seriousness of reported events and supports objective analysis. The editorial criticizes sensationalist claims of extraterrestrial landings and amorphous alien beings, advocating instead for structured investigation and discernment. It highlights the contributions of researchers like Dr. Jacques Vallée, who established a method for information treatment and data processing in 1961. Other significant figures mentioned include Vicente-Juan Ballester Olmos and Miguel Guasp, proponents of the "Valencian School of Ufology," and J. Allen Hynek, known for his UFO classification system and mathematical valuation criteria. The editorial also notes the work of Argentine researchers, including Professor Oscar A. Uriondo and Roberto E. Banchs, and announces an upcoming National Congress in March 1976 dedicated to the methodological aspects of ufology, organized by a group led by Guillermo Carlos Ronco-roni.

Subscription Information

Page 2 provides detailed subscription rates for 'Ovnis' magazine, offering both domestic (Argentina) and international options. Subscribers receive advantages such as guaranteed receipt of each issue, early delivery, a 15% discount on bibliographical material from CADIU, and a fixed price unaffected by printing or postage cost increases. The tariffs are listed for simple printed, certified printed, and airmail options, with prices in Argentine pesos and US dollars. The procedure for subscribing involves noting the correct price, issuing a check or postal/bank order to CADIU, and mailing it with the completed coupon to their postal address in Córdoba, Argentina. Information on purchasing back issues is also provided.

Subscriber Notice

A notice addresses repeated complaints from subscribers regarding delayed or missing issues. CADIU clarifies that each number is sent 10-15 days before its public sale. They explain that while most issues have been dispatched, occasional errors by the postal service may occur, leading to incorrect deliveries. CADIU has formally requested the Postal District 60 to implement measures to prevent such occurrences, assuring subscribers that any errors will be rectified promptly and at no extra cost.

Cover Story: Texas (EE.UU) Centro de Rastreo de OVNIS

While not a full article, the cover highlights "TEXAS (EE.UU) CENTRO DE RASTREO DE OVNIS" (Texas (USA) UFO Tracking Center), suggesting a report on UFO monitoring activities in Texas.

Article: Relación Científica: Hongos - Ovnis

Another cover headline, "RELACION CIENTIFICA HONGOS - OVNIS" (Scientific Relation: Fungi - UFOs), indicates a feature exploring potential scientific connections between fungi and UFO phenomena.

Article: Fotografían Objetos Luminosos en Francia

The cover also announces "FOTOGRAFIAN OBJETOS LUMINOSOS EN FRANCIA" (Luminous Objects Photographed in France), pointing to a significant report on UFO photography from France.

Case Study: Sucedió en Characato (It Happened in Characato)

This detailed case study, reported by Nerry H. Cisneros, describes an extraordinary experience of a family in Characato, Córdoba, Argentina, on February 10, 1969. The witnesses, including a young university student, his 14-year-old cousin, and two aunts, observed unidentified flying objects during the night.

I. Un Gran Objeto Alargado (A Large Elongated Object)

Around 9:15 PM, under a clear sky, they saw a silent, elongated light, larger than two lunar diameters, moving from south to north. It descended towards a valley behind a nearby hill, causing a strong light at the top of the hill. The light gradually faded, accompanied by faint explosions and a dentist's drill-like noise, before disappearing.

II. Dos Luces Discoidales (Two Disc-Shaped Lights)

Around 9:40 PM, two disc-shaped lights emerged from the area. One moved south in a large circle, while the other moved north, then east. The first disc then approached the witnesses' house, stopping about 500 meters away at an equal altitude. This object had windows through which lights of varying colors (blue, red, yellow, violet) flickered. The women took refuge inside, fearing the object might crash.

III. Características de los Fenómenos (Characteristics of the Phenomena)

The young witness, Arturo Benjamín Torres, remained calm and observed the objects' characteristics. The "cigar" moved at a reduced speed, while the "platillos" (discs) were luminous with vivid, changing colors. The "cigar" was pure cigar-shaped, while the discs were circular and flattened with domes. The objects emitted their own light, and lights flickered from their domes. Torres noted that his aunts initially showed nervousness, then fear, and finally panic. It is unknown if the objects left marks, as any residue might have been washed away by heavy rain.

Gustavo Díaz described the "cigar" as similar to a large cigar held a meter away, and the "platillos" (closest at 150-200 meters) as like an overturned soup plate seen from five meters. The observation lasted about four hours. The objects emitted erratic lights, appearing to search for something. A dark, imprecise object hung from the underside of the closest "platillo." Similar phenomena had been reported in the area, coinciding with the disappearance of numerous animals.

Case Study: Objetos Luminosos Sobre La Souterraine (Luminous Objects Over La Souterraine)

This report details an observation and photographic capture of luminous objects in France on September 3, 1969, by Mr. Laguide and his friend Zamit.

I. Aparición de un Objeto Luminoso (Appearance of a Luminous Object)

Around 4 AM, near La Souterraine, France, Laguide and Zamit observed a luminous light that grew brighter behind trees. They then saw a luminous sphere. The object appeared to follow the road, descending and ascending, its size diminishing. They lost sight of it several times but re-encountered it. They stopped at a crossroads and observed the sphere for about 10 minutes, experiencing a sense of unease. They continued driving and stopped again about 180 meters further, observing the sphere for another 5 minutes before Zamit went home.

II. Captación Fotográfica del Fenómeno (Photographic Capture of the Phenomenon)

Laguide returned home for his camera and found several agents and his parents also observing the luminous sphere. He took three photographs with his Kodak Retinette IA. Upon developing the film, he noticed that the image on all three plates was displaced upwards and to the right, despite careful framing. This displacement suggested the object was moving slowly upwards and to the right. After Laguide took his photos, the witnesses continued observing the sphere for about fifteen minutes until it disappeared as if behind a cloud, though the sky was clear. A light persisted for a few seconds after the object vanished. Both Laguide and his mother described the object as extremely bright, comparable to a neon sign, and white in color. The object appeared to be a luminous sphere surrounded by a horizontal ring.

III. Cálculos Sobre el Desenvolvimiento del Fenómeno (Calculations on the Phenomenon's Development)

Jean-Louis Becquereau analyzed the photographic data and meteorological information. Based on the object's angular diameter in the photographs (estimated at 20 degrees) and its likely distance (under 250 meters), its actual diameter was calculated to be approximately 20 meters. Meteorological data indicated overcast conditions with cloud layers at different altitudes. The analysis ruled out confusion with a weather balloon due to the object's duration and size. The possibility of it being a plasma phenomenon was also dismissed due to the duration of the sighting (nearly an hour) and the object's size, which rarely exceeds a few decimeters for plasma.

IV. ¿Emisión de Luz en la Banda Ultravioleta? (Emission of Light in the Ultraviolet Band?)

Professor Pierre Guérin proposed a theory that the object might have been emitting light in the ultraviolet band, which would cause witnesses to underestimate its angular diameter. The sphere itself, radiating in the visible band, would have been smaller at its center. This theory could also explain the eye irritation experienced by the witnesses. Guérin's comments suggest that further detailed photometry is necessary.

Case Study: Un Curioso Objeto Esferoidal (A Curious Spheroidal Object)

This testimony by Jorge Angelozzi recounts an observation made in the summer of 1969 near Alejandro Korn, Buenos Aires Province, Argentina. While bathing in a lagoon, Angelozzi and two friends observed a strange object.

Observation Details

Around 5 PM, a round, metallic-looking object appeared about 300 meters away and 100 meters high. It was a perfect sphere with a horizontal ring of similar characteristics, appearing to have no contact with the sphere. The estimated diameter, including the ring, was about 15 meters. The object remained suspended without movement for approximately 10 seconds before abruptly disappearing. The witness describes the disappearance as if it had become invisible, rather than moving away, as they expected to see sun reflections if it had moved.

Witness Testimony and Analysis

Angelozzi and his companions were convinced it was a UFO and suggested that such phenomena should be studied at a university level. The report includes a map of the area, detailing the location of the lagoon, a nearby house (possibly a "tambo" or dairy farm), and the witnesses' position. The object's characteristics are described as a brilliant sphere with a horizontal ring. The witness estimates the object's diameter to be around 15 meters. The report concludes by stating that these phenomena should be studied and discussed at a university level.

Actualización de Domicilio (Address Update)

This section lists several subscribers whose magazine copies were returned due to incorrect addresses. The magazine urges these subscribers to update their contact information to ensure timely delivery.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The recurring themes in this issue are the scientific investigation of UFO phenomena, the importance of rigorous methodology, detailed case studies from various locations (Argentina, France, USA), and the analysis of photographic and observational data. The editorial stance is clearly in favor of a scientific, evidence-based approach, distinguishing itself from sensationalism and speculation. The magazine aims to provide a serious platform for ufological research, encouraging international collaboration and the development of standardized investigative techniques.

This issue of OVNIS, identified as issue number 9 and part of volume XXI, is dated "OVNIS - 9" and likely corresponds to January 1974, given the context of the articles. Published in France, the magazine is in French and focuses on UFO phenomena. The cover headline is "MYSTERIEUSES SOUPES VOLANTES" (Mysterious Flying Saucers), with contributions from Aimé Michel and Jacques Vallée, and the group "Lumières dans la Nuit." The price is listed as 38 French francs.

Article 1: "Hypotheses on the Movements of the Object" by Percy Hennel

Percy Hennel discusses photographic evidence of UFOs, noting the difficulty in analyzing exposures and conditions. He addresses the possibility of misidentifying ordinary objects as UFOs and the subjective nature of witness testimony. Hennel analyzes photographic plates, suggesting that the observed light patterns could be consistent with a suspended object that moved slightly and then became still. He posits that the elliptical shape in some photos might be due to the object being viewed edge-on, similar to observations from St. Leonard. The article also touches upon the phenomenon of multiple images appearing on a single plate if the object moves during exposure.

Book Review: "Mysterieuses Soucoupes Volantes"

A "Bibliographical Novelty" section introduces the book "Mysterieuses Soucoupes Volantes" (Mysterious Flying Saucers), a collaborative work by the group "Lumiéres dans la Nuit," featuring contributions from Aimé Michel and Jacques Vallée. The book is described as a specialized team effort, with each member examining a specific aspect of the phenomenon. It aims to verify testimonies, photographic evidence, and site locations. The price is 38 French francs, and orders can be placed with Editions Albatros in Paris.

Article 2: "Mushrooms That Grow in Circles: Their Scientific Explanation" by Claude Bourtembourg and Jacques Scornaux

This extensive article investigates the phenomenon of "fairy rings" (anneaux de fées), circular formations of vegetation often found in meadows and fields. The authors trace the folklore surrounding these rings, linking them to legends of small beings or fairies. They describe typical fairy rings, such as those found at "Champ Hélène" in Belgium, noting their diameter and the distinct green color of the vegetation within them. The article details how these rings are not spontaneous but develop over time, and their persistence is not hindered by agricultural practices. The authors explore the local legends attributing these rings to the presence of "little people" or nutons.

Scientific Explanation of Fairy Rings

The core of the article provides a scientific explanation for fairy rings, identifying them as a plant disease caused by fungi. The visible mushroom caps are only the reproductive part; the main body, the mycelium, can extend deep into the soil. These fungi are parasitic, feeding on the soil's nutrients. The circular pattern emerges because the fungi consume nutrients, causing the vegetation within the ring to weaken or die, while the outer edges, where nutrients are more abundant, show more vigorous growth. The article explains that the accelerated growth of grass in the ring is due to nitrogenous compounds released by the fungi's decomposition of organic matter. It debunks the idea of UFO landings causing these rings, emphasizing that the phenomenon is a natural biological process.

Instantaneity of Fungi or Algae

This section addresses the apparent rapid appearance of fungi or algae after alleged UFO landings. The authors explain that many primitive organisms, especially fungi and algae, are composed of a high percentage of water and can survive extreme dryness by dehydrating. When conditions become favorable again (e.g., with rain), they can grow very quickly, giving the impression of sudden appearance. The article cites the example of "Fuligo septica," a slime mold, which can appear to emerge from nowhere.

Article 3: "Paranormal Aspects in the Treatment of Humanoid Beings" by Prof. Oscar Adolfo Uriondo

This article explores the intersection of UFO phenomena and parapsychology, suggesting that UFOs might be a branch of parapsychological research. It discusses how some researchers, like John Keel, advocate for integrating parapsychological cases into UFOlogy, while others, adhering to materialistic viewpoints, reject any paranormal explanations. The author proposes to examine the factual basis of these opposing views by focusing on the shared characteristics between UFO entities and paranormal 'apparitions' or 'ghosts,' particularly their sudden or gradual disappearances.

Sudden Disappearance

The article details numerous cases where alleged paranormal entities or UFO occupants vanish instantaneously. Examples include a case in Les-Jonquerets-de-Livet, France, where two 1-meter-tall beings in armor disappeared suddenly after an object landed. Another case from Aston, UK, describes a "man" who communicated telepathically and then vanished. Several Argentine cases are also presented, including one in Bahía Blanca where a strange being disappeared with a sound like human laughter, and another in Laguna Paiva where luminous figures inside an oval light vanished.

Gradual Disappearance

This section focuses on cases where entities fade away gradually. The article cites examples from parapsychological research and then links them to UFO encounters. One case describes a figure that gradually retreated and disappeared. Another involves a "man" who appeared on a television screen, became clearer, and then vanished. The article also recounts an incident in Verona, Italy, where a semi-transparent human-like figure at a window shrank and disappeared like a TV image. A case from Argentina describes two human-like figures in luminous suits and helmets inside an oval light that slowly faded.

Other Modes of Disappearance

The article further explores instances where entities disappear by passing through solid objects like walls or doors, or by entering sealed enclosures, suggesting their incorporeal nature. It then presents two UFO-related cases with similar characteristics: one in Cerro de las Rosas, Argentina, where two tall, luminous figures descended into an ovoid object without a door opening, and another in Barrio Santa Isabel, Argentina, where a figure in a bathroom light faded away.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The magazine consistently explores the intersection of UFO phenomena with scientific inquiry, folklore, and parapsychology. It aims to provide rational explanations for phenomena often attributed to the supernatural or extraterrestrial, as seen in the detailed scientific explanation of fairy rings. However, it also acknowledges the mysterious aspects of UFO encounters, particularly the nature of the entities involved and their seemingly impossible modes of disappearance. The editorial stance appears to be one of open-minded investigation, seeking factual evidence and scientific understanding while not dismissing the genuinely unexplained aspects of these events. The magazine encourages a cautious approach, advising against labeling phenomena as 'inexplicable' without thorough investigation and consultation of expert sources.

Title: OVNIS
Issue: 20
Volume: 1
Date: 1975
Publisher: CEFAI
Country: Argentina
Language: Spanish

This issue of OVNIS magazine presents a collection of articles focusing on UFO phenomena, extraterrestrial encounters, and their psychological interpretations. It includes detailed case studies, witness testimonies, and analyses that attempt to differentiate these phenomena from traditional paranormal occurrences.

IV. MOVIMIENTOS DESLIZANTES (Gliding Movements)

This section discusses a peculiar mode of movement observed in some apparitions, where entities appear to glide or slide without apparent leg movement. This phenomenon is described as typical and curious, with several witness accounts illustrating this 'slipping' or 'gliding' motion. The article notes that this type of movement is also observed in entities associated with UFOs.

One case cited is that of Jorge Roberto Herrera on March 13, 1973, who witnessed a UFO land on a road and observed a 1.60-meter tall humanoid entity emerge. This entity also moved by gliding, without apparent leg movement, and eventually disappeared instantaneously.

V. CONCLUSIONES (Conclusions)

The article contrasts these 'gliding' apparitions with traditional 'ghosts,' highlighting key differences. While apparitions often resemble known individuals, UFO-related entities are typically unknown to witnesses. Furthermore, UFO entities often exhibit unusual physical characteristics, such as abnormal height, and wear a uniform, often metallic-looking, jumpsuit. Their association with anomalous objects (UFOs) gives them a specific characteristic not found in paranormal appearances.

The author concludes that the study does not aim to reduce UFO phenomena to parapsychology but rather to highlight that anthropomorphic beings linked to UFO manifestations sometimes exhibit behavioral patterns similar to those of spectral images. This suggests that similar perceptual mechanisms might be involved in both UFO research and paranormal investigation.

Casuística: Italia - DISCO VOLADOR CON TRIPULANTES (Flying Saucer with Occupants)

This article details an encounter reported by Mauro Bellingieri, an industrialist from Casale, Italy, on April 16, 1974. At approximately 1 AM, while returning home with his wife Carla Faré, they observed a luminous object hovering over their house. The object, described as a disc with a cabin, had three or four occupants visible inside. The cabin was surrounded by a rotating ring with red, green, and yellow lights. The object then proceeded towards Milan at a low altitude.

Witness Testimony:

Mauro Bellingieri described the object as immobile and silent. He noted a round cabin with occupants who appeared to be wearing helmets. The ring around the cabin rotated, emitting lights. He felt a current of air but heard no noise. The lights on the ring were described as rotating like police car lights. The cabin was illuminated from within, allowing visibility.

Description of Occupants:

Bellingieri stated that the cabin was not completely transparent, with the rear being dark. He saw three beings in the part of the cabin facing him. The closest one was clearly visible, wearing a helmet and a device around the mouth resembling a diver's mask. He could not discern anything further inside the helmet. He estimated the cabin to be about 10 meters in diameter and the occupants' height to be normal, appearing seated due to the cabin's height of approximately 2 meters. The helmets resembled those of astronauts.

Object Details:

The object emitted yellow-orange flares from its underside as it moved. The external ring turned faster, producing a particular whistle. A strong gust of air forced Bellingieri to hold onto his car. The object then moved away rapidly, emitting a whistle. The flares were described as yellow-orange and were only visible when the object moved. The whistle was heard even after the object was out of sight. The ring's lights merged into a red band as the object departed.

Carla Faré reported seeing a kind of support descending from the underside of the object, appearing to be made of two semi-wheels that retracted into the object.

Other Witnesses:

Enrico Giaroli, a 23-year-old astronomy enthusiast, also observed a luminous object from his balcony, along with his father. The press also reported that the car's windshield appeared chipped, though the author questions the significance of this detail.

Marco Tomasone also reported seeing a circular object with a prominent central spot, possibly luminous or reflecting moonlight. It was surrounded by a bright band. The object moved away rapidly towards a river.

Casuística: Argentina - EL CASO DEL HOSPITAL FERROVIARIO (The Hospital Ferroviario Case)

This extensive article investigates the case of Carlos Alberto Díaz, a railway worker from Ingeniero White, Bahía Blanca, Argentina, who claimed to have had a contact experience with extraterrestrials inside a UFO on January 5, 1975. The investigation, conducted by Roberto Enrique Banchs, aims to analyze the testimony and its potential psychological underpinnings.

The Testimony:

Díaz, working as a waiter at a wedding, finished his shift at 3:05 AM on January 5th. He walked several blocks to a bus stop, bought a newspaper, and waited for the bus. He took the bus to the railway yard near his home, arriving around 3:30 AM. While walking the final stretch to his house, at approximately 3:50 AM, he experienced a bright light, a loud noise, and felt paralyzed. He was then apparently absorbed upwards and lost consciousness.

Inside the Object:

Upon regaining consciousness, Díaz found himself in a fetal position inside an ovoid object, about 3 meters high and 2.70 meters wide. He described the interior as having uniform luminosity, with a surface resembling resistant plastic or acrylic. A small 3 cm orifice at the bottom allowed air to enter. He felt weightless and unable to move. After about 15 minutes, three humanoid figures appeared behind him. They were of normal height (1.70-1.80m), with smooth faces lacking features (mouth, nose, eyes, ears), and smooth, olive-green skin. They had no hands, only 'muff-like' appendages, and no visible clothing or sex. They approached him, and the closest one touched his head, while others held his chest and abdomen, pulling out hairs. Díaz resisted, managing to push one away and struggle, resulting in his shirt and undershirt being torn off. He then lost consciousness again.

Teleportation:

Díaz reappeared lying face down, fully clothed, with his bag, about 30 meters from the road in an unfamiliar area. His watch was stopped at 3:50 AM. A man told him he was near Buenos Aires. Díaz recounted his experience, but the man seemed skeptical.

Hospitalization:

Díaz eventually arrived at the Hospital Ferroviario in Buenos Aires at 4:15 PM. His story, including the claim of having been 650 km away hours earlier, led to his hospitalization for observation. Medical examinations confirmed no physical injuries, except for partial loss of body hair.

Investigation Synthesis:

Personality of the Testifier: Carlos Alberto Díaz, 28, married with a six-month-old daughter, worked as a railway operator. Psychological analysis suggested he fits the picnic and cyclothymic types, with a sanguine temperament, quick but not deep intelligence, rich imagination, impulsiveness, and a need for external validation. His dreams reflected his daily life. Grafological analysis indicated insecurity, conflict, and a tendency towards depression, with a need to connect with others.

Terrain and Work Environment: Ingeniero White is a working-class port town. The incident occurred in an open field. No physical traces were found. Neighbors reported nothing unusual.

Means of Transport: The investigation found discrepancies in Díaz's account of his travel times between Bahía Blanca and Ingeniero White, suggesting it was impossible to cover the distance in the stated times using available public transport.

At the Hospital: Díaz's arrival time at the hospital differed from the records. He was diagnosed with post-shock emotional distress but found to be psychologically normal. His story was not supported by any pathological symptoms.

Conclusions:

The investigation highlighted several points against Díaz's account: his status as a single witness, his failure to notice people in the area, the improbability of losing consciousness due to lack of air in the object, the impossible travel times, and indications of a psychologically unbalanced personality. The author concludes that the case is likely a 'mixtification' orchestrated by Díaz himself.

Reconstruction of Events: The author proposes that Díaz, after finishing work, intentionally chose to travel to Buenos Aires by train, fabricating the UFO encounter as a means to gain attention or fulfill a psychological need. The details of the encounter, including the torn clothing and hair loss, are suggested to be staged to support his story. The 'man' who 'found' him and drove him to the hospital is also seen as part of the fabricated narrative.

The Psychological Factor: The article delves into the psychological interpretation of the case, drawing on the work of Carl Jung and Sigmund Freud. It suggests that Díaz's experience may represent a regression to a fetal state, symbolizing a return to the womb. The UFO is interpreted as a 'matrix' or 'womb,' and the figures within as representations of maternal figures or aspects of his own psyche. The recurring numbers (three and six) in his testimony are also analyzed for their symbolic significance.

Symptomatology of Díaz in the Presence of the UFO: A comparison is made between Díaz's reported symptoms (light inside the object, paralysis, absorption, intense light, fainting) and the stages of birth, suggesting a symbolic connection.

Other Aspects of the Case: The article notes the symbolic significance of numbers in the unconscious and points out the recurrence of 'three' and 'six' in Díaz's testimony and life. The figures described by Díaz are interpreted as representations of his parents and wife, with his intention being to be 'taken out' of the contained space. The extraterrestrial apparitions are seen as a reaction of the unconscious to feelings of inferiority.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

This issue of OVNIS magazine consistently explores the intersection of unexplained phenomena, particularly UFO sightings and alleged extraterrestrial encounters, with psychological interpretations. The editorial stance appears to favor rigorous investigation, critically examining witness testimonies for inconsistencies and exploring potential psychological motivations behind reported events. The magazine distinguishes between UFO phenomena and traditional paranormal occurrences, suggesting unique characteristics for the former. There is a clear interest in applying psychological theories, such as those of Jung and Freud, to understand the subjective experiences of witnesses, often proposing that these encounters may be manifestations of the subconscious or symbolic representations rather than literal physical events. The case of Carlos Alberto Díaz is presented as a prime example of a 'mixtification,' where psychological needs and subconscious desires may lead to the fabrication of extraordinary experiences. The magazine also highlights the importance of detailed analysis of witness accounts, including physical evidence (or lack thereof) and logistical inconsistencies, to assess the credibility of reported incidents.

This issue of OVNIS, dated June 1975, features a cover story on "EL PROYECTO 'STARLIGHT'" (The Starlight Project), a scientific investigation into UFOs. The magazine is published by STENDEK and appears to be from Spain, with content in Spanish.

Project Starlight International

The main article details the work of Project Starlight International (P.S.I.), a division of the non-profit "Association for the Understanding of Man, Inc." P.S.I. aims to find a more direct method for scientifically resolving the mystery of UFOs. The project's director and designer of instrumental equipment is Ray Stanford, with Samuel H. Young as director of photography and Robert Dunnan as director of installations. P.S.I.'s philosophy is based on a "more direct" path, focusing on detection (photographic or electronic), tracking, and attempting contact via luminous signals. Their goal is active investigation of the UFO mystery.

Early Results and Instrumentation

Project Starlight has achieved some results. Approximately 24 km northeast of Austin, Texas, they have established installations with instrumentation to gather data on unidentified flying objects and to test the possibility of intelligent communication from UFOs. In May 1972, P.S.I. personnel reportedly received a luminous response from a UFO that approached and flew over a circle of 91 lights, one at the center, emitting signals in code. The UFO transmitted what P.S.I. interpreted as the "inverse mathematics" of the PI code (3.14...). On October 2, 1972, they successfully tracked a UFO visually and photographically as it made two abrupt 90-degree turns at high speed. The project has installed a device capable of providing complex light transmissions directed at UFOs or receiving similar transmissions. They plan to incorporate gravity alteration sensors, ion detectors, and wideband radio equipment. This instrumentation can be transported in a van for deployment to areas experiencing UFO "waves."

UFO/VECTOR and Data Recording

When an unidentified object is observed, a telescope will focus on it, and an attached camera will film it. Simultaneously, a video-cassette will transmit "identification" data, including a brief TV presentation of the location in daylight, images of the project directors, a statement confirming the absence of weapons, the project's scientific objectives, and an invitation for any intelligence to respond. This data is recorded on film and tape.

Photographic Evidence of a UFO

The issue presents a photographic record of a UFO sighting on October 2, 1974, at 20:55, over the investigation site. The photograph shows an undulating trace, a common observation in UFO sightings, though the P.S.I. Director notes atmospheric instability could be a factor. More significantly, the photo clearly shows two 90-degree turns made at high speed by the object, described as yellowish-white. Analysis by Ray Stanford and Samuel H. Young concluded that no known satellites or aircraft could have performed such maneuvers. The angular velocity, estimated visually at three degrees per second, suggests the object was moving at over 18,000 km/h during its turns. The photograph was taken using Tri-X 35mm film and a 300mm telephoto lens. The UFO appeared near the zenith, coming from the Southwest.

Stanford stated that the photo demonstrates UFOs are not as illusory as people imagine and that obtaining data is not as difficult as believed. He expressed regret for not having a sensitive magnetometer and other instruments at the time to gather more data. He urged scientists to investigate the technological and physical aspects of such objects and phenomena.

Further Sightings and Witness Accounts

Following the publication of the UFO photo in local newspapers, P.S.I. received a call on October 14, 1972, from Dan Harris and John F. Goodman, who reported observing a yellowish-orange object from Cedar Park, Texas. The object hovered for about 5 minutes, then appeared to "jump" upwards and descend. It momentarily projected an intense beam of light eastward before moving southwest for about 90 seconds, increasing its angular speed to cover 20 degrees in 10-15 seconds, placing it in the S-SQ direction towards P.S.I.'s investigation site. Within minutes, a similar object was observed heading east-northeast from the southwest of P.S.I.'s location. Given the proximity in time and the similar descriptions, it's suggested these were sequential observations of the same event. Harris and Goodman, who had no prior connection to P.S.I., contacted the project after reading about the photograph.

Instrumentation Details

The issue provides details on the instrumentation used by Project Starlight, including:

• UFO/VECTOR: A UFO Video Experiment Console for Transitional-Overt Response.
• Laser Transmission System: Modulated by a TV camera (Mod. Liconix 605 M Helio-Neon, 5 mW, 6x magnification, 20-60x zoom).
• Telescope: An 8-inch Schmidt-Cassegrain catadioptric telescope.
• TV Unit: For recording and playback.
• Astronomical Telescope: Mentioned as part of the setup.

The laser transmitter, telescope, receiver, and TV camera are being integrated into a single unit for easier operation. Other instruments include a second TV unit, a 2-meter parabolic microphone for studying UFO sounds, and additional cameras for triangulation studies.

Letters to the Editor and Commentary

"EN PRO DEL REVISIONISMO ARQUEOLOGICO" (For Archaeological Revisionism)

This section features a letter from Víctor M. Jara and Gabriel Peláez of Grupo Agharta de Investigaciones Arqueológicas y Extraterrestres in Buenos Aires, Argentina. They congratulate the magazine for its excellent publication and for setting a new direction in ufological investigation in their country. They express surprise that CADIU (presumably a research organization) does not value the work of groups focusing on historical revisionism and archaeology in relation to UFO phenomena. They argue that a complete analysis of the UFO phenomenon requires consulting all documentation sources, including those rooted in the distant past. While acknowledging that some pseudo-archaeologists may be overly imaginative, they caution against dismissing potentially important contributions from serious scholars. They emphasize the importance of material evidence like pictographs, engravings, or photos, but also highlight the significance of undeniable structures like the pyramids, Easter Island Moai, Mayan temples, dolmens, and menhirs. They note that such investigations require significant capital, which many groups cannot afford, but that personal effort and patience can still yield valuable insights.

Editorial Response to Grupo Agharta

The magazine's editorial responds to Grupo Agharta, acknowledging their praise and agreeing that their publication is not commercially driven. They state that while they could increase circulation by discussing sensationalistic extraterrestrial contact stories, they remain true to their objectives and philosophy. They are not merchants of sensationalism and would rather cease publication than resort to such tactics. They are grateful for a growing readership that supports their existence and allows them to contribute to raising awareness that only scientific investigation of the phenomenon will lead to truth, while admitting they are not immune to errors.

"LA FALTA DE SERIEDAD EN EL TEMA OVNI" (The Lack of Seriousness in the UFO Topic)

Francisco Oscar Nudi from Capital Federal writes about the commercial exploitation of the UFO topic in magazines, books, and media. He notes that due to a scarcity of new information, publishers often resort to invention. As a bookseller specializing in UFO literature, he recommends OVNIS magazine to his clients, considering it the only publication in Argentina that approaches the subject with sobriety and scientific rigor, avoiding mysticism and pseudoscience. He expresses hope that the magazine can maintain its level and serve as a guide for those misled by other media.

Editorial Response to Francisco Oscar Nudi

The magazine thanks Nudi for his comments, acknowledging that their approach is not commercially optimal in a consumer society. They reiterate their commitment to not sensationalizing the topic and express satisfaction with their growing readership that enables their continued publication.

Letters from E. Jamilis and Editorial Response

E. Jamilis from Ecuador suggests several ideas for the magazine:
1. Publish information on past International UFO Congresses.
2. Do the same for International Congresses on Extraterrestrial Life.
3. Publish the best works by Argentine researchers on methodology, case studies, or theoretical studies.
4. Inquire about analyses of UFO information using computer systems.

The editorial responds positively, stating that many of these ideas are already being implemented, with contributions from Argentine analysts like Dr. José Alvarez López, Prof. Oscar A. Uriondo, and Roberto E. Banchs. The magazine aims to be a platform for Argentine researchers to promote UFO research nationally and internationally, noting Argentina and Brazil's significant contributions to Type I phenomena reports. They plan to summarize past congress results and mention that information on UFO computation is addressed in the editorial of the current issue. They also request bibliographic novelties for review.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The recurring themes in this issue revolve around the scientific investigation of UFOs, the importance of rigorous methodology, and the presentation of photographic and observational evidence. The editorial stance is clearly in favor of a sober, scientific, and non-sensationalist approach to ufology. The magazine positions itself as a serious publication dedicated to providing factual information and promoting genuine research, distinguishing itself from more speculative or commercially driven outlets. There is also a critical perspective on "neo-archaeology," emphasizing the need for scientific rigor and fieldwork over unsubstantiated interpretations of ancient artifacts and myths.

Additional Content

The issue includes two photographic examples of UFO sightings:

• Top Image: A UFO photographed on August 2, 1973, by Kurt Huettner and Richard Coimbra near Conejo, California, USA. Expert analysis determined the object was about 12 meters in diameter and captured at a distance of 600 meters.
• Bottom Image: A luminous phenomenon recorded on July 9, 1973, in Nagai, Yamagata, Japan, by police sergeant Yoshiyuki Matsuda. The phenomenon appeared in photographs taken after the sergeant arrived to document a traffic accident. Earlier that day, about 50 residents had reported bright discs over Ohmori mountain.

The magazine also features a section on "CONGRESOS, CONTRIBUCIONES ARGENTINAS, COMPUTACION" (Congresses, Argentine Contributions, Computation), indicating ongoing efforts to cover international events and local research.

An "AVISO A EDITORIALES Y LIBRERIAS" (Notice to Publishers and Bookstores) offers free publication of UFO-related book catalogs in the magazine, suggesting a commitment to promoting UFO literature.