Ovnis - Un desafio a la ciencia - No 05

Magazine Overview

This issue, number 5 of volume 1 of the magazine "OVNIS: Un Desafío a la Ciencia" (UFOs: A Challenge to Science), published in January-February 1975 by the Circulo Argentino de Investigaciones Ufológicas (C.A.D.I.U.), features a cover price of $10 and highlights several intriguing cases. The cover art depicts three figures in futuristic suits under a red sky, with headlines announcing strange luminous creatures in France, unusual UFO behavior in the USA, and a flying saucer coloring the snow in Finland.

Editorial: The Role of Ufology

The editorial, written by the Director, Dr. Oscar A. Galindez, argues for a scientific and rigorous approach to ufology, comparing the current resistance to UFOs with historical scientific paradigm shifts like the Ptolemaic vs. Copernican systems. It criticizes the scientific establishment's apathy and superficial treatment of the phenomenon, citing the Condon Report as an example of biased investigation. The editorial emphasizes that governments and scientists remain silent not due to a conspiracy, but due to a lack of competence and interest. It calls for ufology to present the true face of the phenomenon, debunking mystifiers and adopting new methodologies. The author expresses optimism that the field is gaining traction through the dedicated work of individuals and groups, stressing that scientific character is acquired through the method of approach, not inherent nature.

Key Incidents and Investigations

Missouri Sighting (USA)

The magazine provides an extensive report on a UFO incident that occurred on July 28, 1973, in Columbia, Missouri, involving the Richards family: James G. Richards (41), his wife Shirley, daughter Vanea (16), and son Jamie (3). The event began around 0:30 AM with a strange noise near a tree. Vanea observed two bright, white-silver light beams emanating from the ground between trees. The beams were conical, approximately 4 feet wide at the top and 2 feet at the base, separated by about 5 feet. The tree near the noise showed signs of being pulled or pushed. Shortly after, the light beams vanished, and a luminous oval object, estimated to be 12-15 feet in diameter, appeared close to the ground. It was described as extremely bright, white-silver, with frayed edges, and no visible surface details. The object illuminated the surrounding trees up to 100 feet away.

The object then moved silently and smoothly, ascending to about 200 feet, displaying a white-silver center with a blue luminous band and an orange glow towards the edges. It remained suspended for an indeterminate time before moving again and disappearing. During the observation, the Richards' dog remained still and silent, which was unusual. The incident caused significant fear in the family, with James Richards describing a feeling of impending death.

Investigations conducted on-site by Ted and Ginger Phillips, and later joined by Dr. J. Allen Hynek, documented the physical traces. These included a large branch broken 17 feet from the ground on the damaged tree ('Tree A'), and several other branches showing signs of being rubbed or torn. Footprints were found, some with a depth of 0.2 to 0.09 meters, suggesting significant pressure. Leaves around the damaged branches were drying and appeared scorched. Later visits noted more dried leaves on other trees along the object's presumed flight path.

Witness Testimony and Operator Accounts

James Richards contacted a guide service operator, who then contacted the line operator. The operators confirmed receiving calls from Richards, describing him as agitated and scared but coherent. They noted that the phone line initially seemed 'dead' during his attempts to call. The guide service operator eventually contacted the Flight Service Station (FAA), who advised Richards that they would contact the police. The FAA official noted that Richards seemed sincere and sober, though frightened. The operators generally agreed that Richards was not intoxicated and appeared to be recounting a real event.

Catalog of Argentine UFO Manifestations (Type 1)

This section, compiled by Prof. Oscar A. Uriondo, presents a preliminary catalog of UFO cases in Argentina classified as 'Type 1' – characterized by visible abnormality, suspended no more than 10 meters from the ground.

• (12) 1958 (approx.): Bragado, Buenos Aires. A bright, large, disc-shaped object with a reflector and intense light was observed by a musician and his orchestra. The object emitted a loud engine noise and left the ground scorched.
• (24) 1962, May 13: Mercedes, San Luis. An aeronautical sub-officer, his wife, and children observed a luminous mass, 20m in diameter and 1-3m high, suspended 1m above the ground. It appeared to rotate and made no noise. The sub-officer was prevented from investigating further by his wife.
• (32) 1962, August 24: Aeropuerto de Cambá Punta, Corrientes. The airport director and staff observed a spherical body that rotated and emitted blue, green, and orange rays. It hovered near the runway for three minutes before departing at high speed.
• (42) 1962, early November: Salta-Tucumán route, Tucumán. A truck driver observed a luminous egg-shaped object, 12m in diameter and 4m high, hovering near the road. Lights emanated from its periphery, and it departed vertically at high speed, causing the truck cabin to shake and producing a loud whistle.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The recurring themes in this issue revolve around the scientific investigation of UFO phenomena, the importance of credible witness testimony, and the analysis of physical evidence. The editorial stance is strongly in favor of treating ufology as a legitimate field of scientific inquiry, urging for a more open-minded and rigorous approach from the scientific community and government bodies. The magazine aims to provide detailed accounts of sightings and investigations, fostering a critical yet open perspective on the UFO mystery.

This issue of OVNIS magazine, identified as issue number 9 and volume 1, features a cover story titled "Seres de Naturaleza Desconocida Descienden en DRAGUIGNAN (FRANCIA)" by J. Chaseigne. The magazine focuses on UFO and UAP (Unidentified Aerial Phenomena) reports, with a significant portion dedicated to cataloging sightings and incidents from various locations, primarily Argentina, but also including France and Finland.

Catalog of Sightings (Argentina)

The magazine presents a chronological catalog of UFO sightings, each with a number, date, location, and a brief description:

• 5. (46). Late 1962: Near Río Colorado, Chocle-Choel (Río Negro), Argentina. A luminous object suspended near the ground rapidly gained altitude and disappeared. The site showed an elliptical area of burnt grass, with mineralized mud from which magnesium was extracted.
• 6. (47). December 22, 1962: Ezeiza Airport (Buenos Aires), Argentina. A large, fire-colored luminous disk was seen by control tower operators and pilots. It ascended, hovered, and then rapidly moved away, emitting a faint sound.
• 7 (50). June 22, 1963: Cristo Redentor (Mendoza), Argentina. A scientific commission observed a pulsating light descending near the ground, followed by another intense light, both of which vanished. The area was found to be impassable and uninhabited.
• 8. (55). Early May 1964: Near Colonia Castelli (Chaco), Argentina. A witness reported seeing a large luminous object among trees.
• 9. (58). May 14, 1964: Near Salta (Salta), Argentina. A witness observed a plate-shaped object, about 10m in diameter, hovering 8m above the ground before ascending rapidly.
• 10. (68). July 15, 1965: Valle de Loretani (Córdoba), Argentina. A large, luminous, bluish object with varying red and orange hues, emitting a light beam, was observed. It descended vertically and appeared to land.
• 11. (74). August 2, 1965: Near Jesús María (Córdoba), Argentina. A metallic ring-shaped object, 5-6m in diameter, was observed hovering 1.50m above the ground before disappearing into a cloud.
• 12. (86). January 4, 1966: Concepción del Uruguay (Entre Ríos), Argentina. A strange accident occurred where a greenish light blinded witnesses, caused the truck's engine to stop, and resulted in the vehicle overturning.
• 13. (90). February 25, 1967: Between Choele Choel and Luis Beltrán (Río Negro), Argentina. A silver, plate-shaped object, 12m in diameter, was observed spinning rapidly, leaving a 12m diameter area of scorched earth.
• 14. (93). July 29, 1967: Guernica (Buenos Aires), Argentina. A luminous object was observed stopping over trees, resulting in two trees being cut at 5m and one at 3m. Fragments of burnt wood with glass-like interiors were found.
• 15. (96). September 11, 1967: Villa Constitución (Santa Fe), Argentina. During a storm, a luminous body was observed hovering for 4 hours, leaving a strong sulfur smell and a 3m diameter area of burnt grass.

Draguignan Encounter (France)

The article "Seres de Naturaleza Desconocida Descienden en DRAGUIGNAN (FRANCIA)" by J. Chaseigne details a multi-phase encounter in Draguignan, France, in October 1973.

Phase 1: Yellow-Orange Ball

On October 19, 1973, around 8:40 PM, two individuals, Gabriel Demogue and a female companion, observed an intense yellow-orange ball with a halo while on a mountain called Malmont. The object moved at low altitude and disappeared behind peaks, leaving a reddish glow visible through the trees.

Phase 2: Anthropomorphic Phenomena

Later, a group of four individuals (Alain Leca, Georges Macret, Christian Bensa, and another unnamed person) investigated the area. They observed a white, diffuse glow on the mountaintop and heard strange sounds. Georges Macret felt intense heat from a stone orientation table. They then witnessed a red light descending, accompanied by the sound of moving pebbles, and a dark silhouette estimated to be three meters tall. The silhouette approached, stopped, and then the red light and sounds ceased.

Subsequently, the R8 vehicle driven by Alain Leca was violently shaken. A powerful white light illuminated the area. When Leca attempted to drive away, the R8's engine failed to start, but a push allowed it to move. Leca then observed three large, dark figures, over two meters tall, approaching his vehicle. He attempted to communicate with them by asking if they were "good or bad." The figures then moved away rapidly.

Phase 3: Phosphorescent Legs

Meanwhile, Georges Macret and Christian Bensa, in a Fiat 128, experienced the headlights and dashboard lights suddenly go out. They then saw two "red legs" that appeared phosphorescent cross the road a few meters ahead of their vehicle. The lights returned to normal after the vehicle took a curve. Macret later encountered the "legs" again, descending rapidly towards the road.

Analysis and Conclusions

The article discusses possible explanations, including a staged event by the companions or a genuine phenomenon. The authors lean towards the latter, noting the sincerity of the witnesses and the complexity of the reported events. They also mention that no physical traces were found at the Draguignan site, but infrared photographs were taken.

Director's Note: A Challenge to Science

The director of OVNIS comments on two significant aspects of the Draguignan phenomena:

• "Two red, luminous legs": This is compared to a similar incident in Olavarría, Argentina, in 1969, where strange beings with bright reddish lights were observed.
• "Forced vehicle displacement": The unexplained 90° displacement of the Fiat is compared to similar incidents in Cauquenes, Chile, involving vehicles moving on their own.

The note also references other UFO reports and publications.

Landing in Finland

The issue also includes a report from Finland about a UFO landing:

• January 3, 1971: Saapunki, Kuusamo, Finland. A luminous sphere landed on snowy ground, leaving physical evidence. An analysis of green liquid was performed.

I. A Luminous Ball

On January 3, 1971, a luminous phenomenon was observed over Lake Saapunki. Witnesses described a ball of light moving slowly at low altitude, powerful enough to illuminate the surrounding area despite a snowstorm. Electrical outages were reported simultaneously with the UFO's passage. The phenomenon moved from Pitkapera to Tuhkaniemi, stopping near the house of Mr. Mauno Talala.

II. E.M. Effect

Immediately after the sighting, the electric lights went out for about a minute, coinciding with the duration of the phenomenon's illumination. The electric light then returned.

III. The Green Ice Trail

The next morning, a peculiar area of green ice was discovered in the snow, approximately 2x3.50 meters in size. The ice had a dark green color in the center, fading towards the edges. Within this area, a circular section of 1.50 meters diameter contained hollow ice tubes.

IV. Analysis of Ice and Sediment Samples

Samples of the green ice and surrounding snow were collected and analyzed. The liquid sample was identified as melted ice and snow with a small amount of vegetal sediment. No connection was found between the sample's composition and the phenomenon that caused the melting. Analysis of the snow samples showed no abnormalities.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

This issue of OVNIS magazine consistently presents detailed accounts of UFO sightings, emphasizing physical evidence, electromagnetic effects, and witness testimonies. The editorial stance appears to be one of serious investigation into these phenomena, challenging conventional scientific explanations and seeking to document unexplained events. The magazine aims to present factual reports, often comparing them to similar cases from other regions and time periods, suggesting a pattern of recurring phenomena. The inclusion of technical details, witness diagrams, and scientific analysis (even if inconclusive) underscores the publication's commitment to exploring the UFO subject matter thoroughly.

This issue of OVNIS, identified as issue number 19 and volume 17, published in October 1971, focuses on a significant UFO and humanoid encounter in Kinnula, Finland, and includes a sociological analysis of UFO witness characteristics.

Kinnula Encounter: A Detailed Account

The cover story, "Espectacular encuentro con un Humanoide" (Spectacular Encounter with a Humanoid), details an event that occurred on April 4, 1971, involving two young men, Petter Aliranta and Esko Juhani Sneck, working in the forests near Kinnula, Southern Finland. Around 3 PM, Aliranta noticed a strange metallic object descending in a straight line. The object, described as having the shape of two discs joined at their mouths and approximately 5 meters in diameter, landed in a nearby clearing. It had four landing legs, each over two meters long and about 5-10 cm thick.

As the object settled, a circular opening appeared in its underside, and a small, humanoid entity "floated" down to the snow-covered ground. Aliranta described the being as moving with jerky motions and short steps, appearing like a "space man or a robot," and being less than a meter tall. The humanoid's body was covered in a green, full-body suit, including a helmet with a lens in the center. Its hands were rounded, and it wore what appeared to be integrated "boots."

The humanoid moved across the snow without sinking, leaving small, circular footprints. When Aliranta started his motor saw, the humanoid turned and retreated towards the object. Aliranta attempted to grab the humanoid's boot but immediately let go due to the extreme heat, described as being like "red-hot iron." He sustained burns on his thumb, index finger, and palm, which remained visible two months later.

The object then emitted a low hum and slowly lifted off the ground. Aliranta felt a faint gust of air but perceived no smell, smoke, or visible lights from the vehicle. The opening closed, and the object disappeared into the sky within about fifteen seconds. The entire encounter, from landing to departure, lasted approximately three minutes.

After the object left, both witnesses were stunned and had difficulty moving. They left the area an hour later, noting the landing marks in the snow. The object's landing gear had left round plates that penetrated about 40 cm of snow, creating four circular impressions about 35 cm in diameter, arranged in a square about 2 meters on each side. The humanoid's footprints were also visible, small and circular, spaced about 20 cm apart.

Initially, their accounts were not believed by their families and friends, with Aliranta's burns being attributed to other causes. The fear associated with the incident lingered, with Aliranta admitting to being afraid to walk alone in the dark for months afterward. No other physical evidence was found.

Another incident occurred in Kinnula on the same day at 7:20 AM, where Pentti Piispanen reported seeing a ball of light about a meter in diameter moving at tree level for two minutes, approximately 15 km from the main landing site. This sighting also met with disbelief.

Scientific Analysis of Samples

The magazine presents the results of analyses performed on samples collected from the landing site. One sample, labeled "1-a," was taken from the darker area of the landing zone, while "1-b" was analyzed four weeks later, showing differences in pH and conductivity. Sample "3" was collected from dirty snow near the site, and samples "2, 4, and 5" were from different locations about 15 meters away.

An analysis of melted solid material from sample "1" (which had been refrigerated for over a month) yielded: 58/85 ml of water, 1 mg of solid residue, and AAS analysis of the residue showed 26% Fe2O3, 21% Al2O3, 21% CaO, and 6% MgO.

Filtered melted ice (sample "4") showed a pH of 7.2, 95 mg/l of Phosphorus, 0.7 mg/l of Sulfur, traces of E. Coli (less than 0.1 mg/l), 0.3 mg/l of Manganese, 11 mg/l of Sodium, and 8 mg/l of Potassium.

Some of the samples were examined by researchers at the University of Oulu using X-ray spectrography, identifying inorganic particles such as Calcium, Potassium, Silicon, Iron, and Chlorine. Microanalyses were conducted to determine the form of Titanium, which was found to be equally divided, suggesting a synthesis. Soil samples from beneath the landing site did not show signs of Titanium, indicating it did not originate from the ground.

The liquid portion of the sample contained Titanium at a proportion of 10 ppm. The site's color changed from green to a dark bluish-gray, suggesting a complex composition rather than ordinary vegetation.

Biologists examined filtered sediments from the melted sample, finding 92-98% organic matter, primarily decomposed plant cells. The decomposition was not attributed to normal causes. A faint odor was noted when the samples melted. The absence of E. Coli bacteria ruled out domestic waste as a source. Tests could not reproduce the melting of snow or the shape of ice needles observed at the site.

A table detailing the analysis of "Solid S" and "Liquid L" is presented. Solid S vaporized completely, indicating organic matter in suspension. Liquid L had a pH of 5.3, considered normal. Evaporation yielded residues of 0.031% w/w (310 ppm), suggesting dissolved salts. Microscopic examination of the residue showed semi-crystalline material, indicative of dissolved salts. Treatment with dilute HCl produced a red-pink solution, suggesting Manganese and/or Cobalt salts, though their presence was not confirmed.

Tests for Borax and flame tests on the residue indicated the presence of Sodium. A test with silver nitrate indicated the presence of Chloride, and a test with barium chloride indicated the presence of Sulfate.

Dilute acid treatment showed no effervescence. Flame emission tests indicated 24.5 ppm of Sodium, absence of Cesium and Calcium, and less than 0.5 ppm of Calcium. Atomic absorption spectroscopy indicated approximately 2.6 ppm of Magnesium and approximately 50 ppm of Aluminum, with absence of Silicon. Tests for Titanium, Manganese, Cobalt, Copper, and Chromium yielded negative results.

Conclusions from the analysis state that Sodium and Aluminum were the predominant cations, and Chloride and Sulfate the anions. The total solid content in Liquid L was estimated at 293 ppm, close to the measured 310 ppm. While Sodium, Chloride, and Sulfate are normal in snow, the presence of Aluminum was considered slightly strange but in very weak concentration. The pink coloration of residues dissolved in acid was not explained by the presence of Manganese or Cobalt salts.

Sociological Study of UFO Witnesses in Argentina

Dr. Oscar A. Galindez presents a study on "Some Constants in Argentine Manifestations of Type I." The study analyzes witness reliability and the circumstances surrounding sightings.

Witness Reliability

Contrary to the assertion that most UFO reports come from isolated, less educated individuals, the study found that reports from single witnesses accounted for only 29.0% of observations. Reports with two witnesses comprised 21.2%, and three witnesses accounted for 13.9%. This suggests a broader base of reporting than often assumed.

Witness Activity

The study analyzed the activities of witnesses at the time of the phenomenon, based on data from 143 Argentine cases. The findings indicate that witnesses were engaged in a wide variety of activities, often unrelated to UFO phenomena, suggesting that sightings occur involuntarily. The majority of reports (55.2%) came from individuals who were traveling, implying that the phenomenon is often discovered by chance.

Witness Professions and Social Strata

Table XI categorizes witnesses by profession and social level. The study found that witnesses come from all social strata, including the most elevated. University graduates accounted for 10.4% of the reported cases. The distribution of professions was diverse, including military personnel, police, technicians, scientists, lawyers, doctors, engineers, students, teachers, businessmen, landowners, rural workers, drivers, artists, housewives, and office workers. This contradicts the notion that UFO witnesses are typically from lower social classes or have psychological issues.

Investigative Practice: Questionnaire Guide

This section introduces a "Guide for the Interviewer" (Guía del Encuestador) developed by the SOBEPS group. It provides a structured approach to collecting detailed information about UFO sightings, including questions about the type of phenomenon observed (e.g., luminous points, disc-shaped objects, cigar shapes), particular features (antennas, legs, openings), contours, appearance (metallic, vaporous, solid), and the presence of halos or aureolas.

It also includes questions about the object's brightness, color, luminescence, apparent movement (vibration, rotation, oscillation), and any unusual phenomena like abnormal clouds or luminous mist. A crucial part of the guide emphasizes the importance of witnesses providing drawings of the objects and detailed sketches of the phenomenon, including the location, position of the witness, and the trajectory of the object.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The issue consistently emphasizes the importance of detailed, empirical investigation into UFO phenomena. The scientific analysis of samples from the Kinnula landing site, though yielding inconclusive results regarding the origin of the materials, highlights a commitment to scientific methodology. The sociological study challenges common stereotypes about UFO witnesses, presenting them as diverse individuals from all walks of life, often encountering phenomena involuntarily. The inclusion of an interviewer's guide further underscores the magazine's dedication to systematic data collection and analysis in the field of Ufology. The editorial stance appears to be one of serious inquiry, seeking to understand UFO events through witness testimony, scientific investigation, and sociological analysis, while debunking simplistic explanations or prejudices.

This issue of OVNIS magazine, number 29, delves into the practical aspects of UFO investigation, emphasizing methodological rigor and the standardization of data collection. The cover prominently features a photograph from July 2, 1963, taken by Félix Carrizo near Alberti, Buenos Aires, Argentina, posing the question about the phenomenon's shape and the presence of secondary objects.

Investigation Methodology

The magazine dedicates significant space to outlining a detailed methodology for UFO investigations. This includes a comprehensive questionnaire designed to gather precise information from witnesses. Key sections cover:

• Trajectory and Movement: Describing the object's path (rectilinear, oblique, vertical, zig-zag, curved, etc.) and its relative movement to other objects or its surroundings.
• Object Characteristics: Detailing real and apparent dimensions, using comparative methods with everyday objects or celestial bodies like the moon. The magazine suggests techniques for estimating size, such as using a table or comparing with objects of varying sizes.
• Speed Estimation: Evaluating speed by comparing it to conventional vehicles (trains, jets, cars) or by calculating angular velocity.
• Altitude Estimation: Using triangulation or comparison with clouds and surrounding elements.
• General Displacement: Indicating the direction of movement (e.g., from NE to SW) or between specific locations.
• Landing: Inquiring about any landing events and referencing further sections for details.

The "Práctica Investigativa" section is highlighted as crucial for moving beyond passive reading to active participation in serious and truthful investigation. It aims to fill the void in practical guidance for those interested in the phenomenon, enabling collaboration with UFO centers by providing primary technical data.

Case Studies and Photographs

The issue includes several case studies and photographic evidence:

• Alberti, Argentina (July 2, 1963): The cover photo by Félix Carrizo.
• Puerto Maldonado, Peru (July 1952): A photograph by Domingo Troncoso showing a phenomenon leaving a trail.
• Alicia, Córdoba, Argentina (October, unspecified year): Luis Gigena reports observing a bright orange object with intermittent lights and a small dome moving slowly.
• Faymonville, Lieja, Belgium (July 19, 1972): A red-orange phenomenon resembling a hat, with an apparent diameter one and a half times that of the full moon, was captured by Mrs. Mathar. The photograph, taken with an Agfa camera, did not fully capture the visual characteristics observed by the naked eye.
• Lago Lacar, Neuquén, Argentina (January 10, 1968): Edgardo Emilio Casset submitted a color slide of a potential object or film defect taken while traveling at 125 km/h.
• Córdoba, Argentina (October 29, 1974): A luminous object was observed at dusk, with telescopic details provided by witnesses.

UFO Groups in Argentina

The magazine features a directory of UFO research groups in Argentina, inviting them to submit their details for a census. Listed groups include:

• C.I.E.P. (Centro Investigaciones Espaciales Pergamino): A private entity for young individuals (12-16 years old) involved in astromodeling and UFO study.
• G.E.I.D.O. (Grupo de Estudio e Investigación de Ovnilogía): A private organization of young UFO enthusiasts, founded in 1974, known for informative audiovisual presentations.
• C.A.I.F.E. (Centro Argentino de Investigaciones de Fenómenos Espaciales): A civil entity founded in 1973 for gathering and evaluating UFO evidence, publishing a quarterly magazine.
• C.I.F.E. (Centro Investigador de Fenómenos Extraterrestres): A civil entity founded in 1973 dedicated to collecting and evaluating documentation on unidentified flying objects.
• G.I.F.A.D. (Grupo Investigador de los Fenómenos Aeroespaciales Desconocidos): A private entity of secondary students focused on collecting UFO-related documentation.
• D.I.O.V.N.I. (División de Investigaciones de Ovnis): A branch of the Asociación Astromodelista Argentina, publishing an informative bulletin on UFOs.
• G.A.D.I.A.E. (Grupo "Agharta" de Investigaciones Arqueológicas y Extraterrestres): A private group promoting public interest in UFOs and related sciences like exobiology and archaeoastronomy.

Editorial Stance and Reader Correspondence

The editorial stance, expressed through the "Correo del Lector" (Reader's Mail) section, emphasizes a commitment to objectivity and scientific rigor. The magazine aims to provide a platform for serious discussion and investigation, distinguishing itself from sensationalist publications. The Director responds to reader feedback, including a letter from Lahor Velazco and Franco Bello from Venezuela, who praises the magazine's approach and the "Práctica Investigativa" section.

Another reader, Luis Gigena from Córdoba, reports an observation. The magazine acknowledges this and states that a technical questionnaire will be sent for further evaluation. María E. Fernández S. de Urdaniz from Buenos Aires congratulates the magazine on its objectivity and inquires about CADIU's presence in Buenos Aires.

The magazine's policy is to focus on contemporary UFO phenomena, citing the importance of immediate on-site investigation. While respecting theories about ancient alien visits, the priority is on current events for more actionable evidence. The magazine commits to publishing works on historical cases if they meet significant evidential standards.

Future Content and Pricing

The "Próximo Número" (Next Issue) preview lists several upcoming articles, including "The Time Machine" by Dr. José Alvarez López, "Marine Implications of the UFO Phenomenon" by Dr. Oscar A. Galíndez, and various case studies from different parts of the world.

A notice to readers announces a price increase to $10 per issue due to rising printing costs (paper and labor). The magazine states it lacks advertising support, making this price adjustment necessary to cover expenses. They express hope that this will not affect reader interest.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The recurring themes in this issue are the methodology of UFO investigation, the importance of detailed and scientific data collection, and the promotion of organized research efforts through Argentine UFO groups. The editorial stance is clearly in favor of a serious, objective, and scientifically grounded approach to the UFO phenomenon, differentiating itself from sensationalist or pseudoscientific accounts. The magazine acts as a central hub for information exchange and methodological guidance within the Argentine UFO community.