Nous Papers 3-4

Magazine Overview

Title: Nous Papers d'Ovnis
Issue: 3/4
Volume/Year: 2016-2017
Publisher: CEI. Centre d'Estudis Interplanetaris
Country: Spain
Language: Catalan
ISSN: 2604-1405

This issue of "Nous Papers d'Ovnis" (We UFO Papers) is a publication from the CEI (Centre d'Estudis Interplanetaris) covering the period 2016-2017. The magazine focuses on strange phenomena, with a particular emphasis on unidentified flying objects (UFOs).

Editorial Stance and Publication Details

The publication states that it publishes articles on strange phenomena, especially observations of unidentified objects. It also accepts articles for study and analysis concerning information resources, documentation, history, and the scientific or philosophical perspectives derived from these topics. Crucially, the magazine clarifies that the viewpoints expressed are solely those of the authors, and the publication has no commercial purpose.

The contact information provided includes an address in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain, an email address ([email protected]), and a website (www.el-cei.org). The issue also notes special collaboration from Emili Gil. Copyright of the articles belongs to the authors unless otherwise indicated.

Contents Overview

The issue is divided into several sections, including "Articles," "Blog del CEI," and "Hemeroteca."

Articles

• "Recull de notes sobre Ovnis a l'Escala i rodalies" (Compilation of notes on UFOs at l'Escala and surroundings) by Gerard Casademon. This article focuses on the UFO incident in L'Escala, Alt Empordà, on March 19, 1997, and other related events. It aims to compile and expand upon existing information, acknowledging that it does not present new findings but rather collects what has already been reported. Keywords include "UFO sightings; 1997; paranormal media; L'Escala; Alt Empordà; Catalonia."
• "Signum in coelo mirabiles appareunt" by Jordi Ardanuy. (Page 88)
• "Ovnis a la Catalunya del Nord (2011-2015)" (UFOs in Northern Catalonia (2011-2015)) by Jordi Ardanuy. (Page 111)
• "El grup de savis de Reus i aquella cosa dels platets voladors" (The group of wise men from Reus and that thing about flying saucers) by Jordi Ardanuy. (Page 116)
• "Una conferència sobre fenòmens voladors no identificats de Rafael Subirana a l'Agrupació Astronòmica de Sabadell el novembre de 1967" (A conference on unidentified flying phenomena by Rafael Subirana at the Astronomical Association of Sabadell in November 1967) by CEI. (Page 130)
• "Un fenomen atmosfèric: remolins de foc del cel" (An atmospheric phenomenon: fire whirls from the sky) by Rafael Subirana Ollé. (Page 133)
• "Nota necrològica sobre Eugeni Danyans" (Obituary for Eugeni Danyans) by CEI. (Page 139)
• "L'altra astronàutica" (The other astronautics) by Eugeni Danyans. (Page 142)
• "Sobre els snallygasters" (About the snallygasters) by Javier Ruiz and Jordi Ardanuy. (Page 148)

Blog del CEI

This section features shorter reports and news items:

• "Enregistren en vídeo un OVNI a Reus" (UFO recorded on video in Reus). (Page 152)
• "Un cas OVNI a la Bisbal de Falset l'any 1913" (A UFO case in La Bisbal de Falset in 1913). (Page 154)
• "De nou un OVNI a Reus" (Another UFO in Reus). (Page 155)

Hemeroteca (Archive/Newspaper Clippings)

This section presents historical UFO-related news items from various dates:

• "Fa 240 anys. Cossos lluminosos eixint cap el mar, Anglaterra" (240 years ago. Luminous bodies emerging towards the sea, England). (Page 166)
• "Fa 170 anys. Fenomen curiós a les rodalies de Bouzillé" (170 years ago. Curious phenomenon in the vicinity of Bouzillé). (Page 167)
• "Fa 140 anys. Llums misterioses" (140 years ago. Mysterious lights). (Page 168)
• "Fa 120 anys. Un globus misteriós" (120 years ago. A mysterious balloon). (Page 169)
• "Fa 90 anys. Fenomen aeri" (90 years ago. Aerial phenomenon). (Page 173)
• "Fa 70 anys. Des de Tànger, observen un estrany fenomen" (70 years ago. From Tangier, a strange phenomenon is observed). (Page 176)
• "Fa 60 anys. Finalment, un punt lluminós al cel" (60 years ago. Finally, a luminous point in the sky). (Page 178)

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The recurring themes in this issue are UFO sightings, strange aerial phenomena, and historical accounts of unexplained events. The editorial stance, as explicitly stated, is to present a platform for authors to share their views on these subjects without the publication endorsing them. The focus is on collecting, analyzing, and disseminating information related to UFOs and other unusual occurrences, drawing from both contemporary reports and historical records. The publication emphasizes its non-commercial nature and its role in preserving information that might otherwise be lost on the internet.

This issue of "Papers d'Ovnis" (Vol. 3-4, 2016-2017), published by CEI, delves into a collection of UFO sightings and unexplained phenomena primarily concentrated in Catalonia, Spain, with a particular emphasis on the Costa Brava region. The content is largely based on the research and compilation efforts of Lluis Colomeda, a local teacher and investigator. The magazine covers a historical span from 1943 to 1983, presenting various accounts, witness testimonies, and some analysis of these events.

Introduction and Methodology

The introductory section explains that the article is a response to a positive reception of a previous version of the text, requested by the magazine. Colomeda prepared this version, aiming not to present new findings but to consolidate existing information. He notes that many observations are poorly documented, with fragmented data collected years after the events. However, he suggests these correspond to real situations that could not be explained conventionally, leading to their classification as unidentified.

Colomeda, originally from L'Escala and a primary school teacher, began collecting cases from his locality, seemingly prompted by the impact of a significant case in 1997. By November of that year, he had documented 17 cases, a number that had risen to 33 by 2005. He states he was initially skeptical about UFOs but found it interesting to explain what people reported seeing, without interpreting whether they were extraterrestrial craft. He also notes a temporal coincidence between some observations and periods of international conflicts involving American intervention. Colomeda posits that the number of cases suggests that northeastern Catalonia is an area prone to mysterious, paranormal phenomena, describing the territory between the Gulf of Lion and the Canigó massif as a 'cursed zone' with electromagnetic anomalies similar to the 'Bermuda Triangle'.

Colomeda estimates that over 100,000 people worldwide have reported UFO sightings. Locally, he counts at least 33 observations or inexplicable phenomena in the 'territory of L'Escala' over the last fifty years, based on information from witnesses and press reports. He summarizes the main characteristics of the observed phenomena as circular or spherical craft emitting a reddish-orange luminosity.

Early Observations (1940s-1950s)

The earliest case detailed involves Valentí Llorens, a resident of L'Escala, on September 2, 1943. During the Santa Màxima festival, he observed a rectangular red light on the horizon that appeared to be several times wider than it was high. The light remained on for about a minute and repeated this operation four or five times. Llorens described it as not being a searchlight and stated that the vision troubled him for a long time. Colomeda notes that Llorens, even seventy years later, was still intrigued by the event.

Another unidentified phenomenon is dated to 1948 or 1949. Two fishermen, a father and son, reported seeing an enigmatic aircraft appear from the west while they were returning from fishing. The object flew slowly over them, emitting so much heat that it dried out their boat despite the humidity. The object then moved towards the sea and disappeared over the horizon, propelled by powerful engines.

A third reference points to an 'splendid night' in 1954 when large UFO sightings, described as flying saucers, occurred across the Gulf of Lion region, visible from Colomeda's area. The press reportedly covered these events, but specific details about the night or sightings from the Costa Brava remain elusive. The article suggests this might correspond to a 'flap' in the autumn of 1954, possibly around September 27th, when sightings were reported in Rosselló and Ariège, or even in early December during another Iberian Peninsula flap.

Further into the 1950s, an unspecified spring or summer night saw fishermen observing a 'psychedelic, intensely orange radiation' emanating from the sea. Some interpreted this as a 'flying artifact,' while others believed it was a Marian apparition. The phenomenon was reportedly published in the press, but the news item could not be found.

Mid-20th Century Sightings (1960s)

In the winter of 1964 or 1965, a group of people in L'Escala witnessed a whitish flying saucer from a rooftop. In the summer of 1966, sightings occurred in L'Escala and other towns around the Bay of Roses. One object, described as a 'mother ship' of gray color, was observed for over an hour, with smaller lights emerging from it, identified as small, dark, triangular craft. The phenomenon concluded when American fighter jets appeared, presumably for interception, though no confirmation of this operation was found. The article notes this case is suspicious due to the 'scramble' (military interception) and suggests it might be influenced by the famous Manises case or a misinterpretation of air traffic. However, Colomeda's reference to 'eyewitness sources' for subsequent events implies other accounts might be from indirect sources.

Another case from 1966 or 1967, likely spring or summer, involved several witnesses observing metallic, brilliant orange flying saucers emerging spectacularly from the sea. After maneuvering in the air for a few minutes, they submerged again, leaving a strong impression on the witnesses.

The 'Humanoid' Case (1968)

This section details a more documented event from September 1968. Two fishermen, while fishing near the rocky islet of El Cargol, reported that amphibious humanoid beings with 'diabolical lights' emerged from the sea and then submerged. The incident, reported in the Diari de Girona on September 22, 1968, described 'two frogmen' who startled a fisherman. The initial newspaper report suggested they might be smugglers. The fisherman, Joan Ballesta, recounted that at 3 AM, while near El Cargol, he saw what he thought was a buoy, but upon approaching, another object emerged from the water. Illuminated by his boat's spotlight, he saw two individuals. He described them as dark-skinned with yellowish faces and no lights, which he found strange for divers. He reported the sighting to the Civil Guard, who investigated but found no trace of the individuals. Ballesta admitted that while he initially thought they might be aliens, he later concluded they were likely smugglers surprised while heading to the beach.

The article contrasts the detailed interview with Ballesta with the more concise reports from news agencies Cifra and Europa Press, which focused on the 'two beings dressed in black with completely yellow faces' seen by the fisherman. The Diari de Girona article also mentioned the possibility of smugglers but noted Ballesta's initial belief in aliens.

1970s Sightings

In the winter of 1971, three young men from L'Escala, while jogging at dawn, observed an intermittent green-olive light moving in jerks from the sea towards the Canigó massif. One witness stated they doubted it was an aircraft due to its shape and color but did not want to interpret it as extraterrestrial.

Jumping to 1977 or 1978, after midnight, witnesses from various points along the coast observed objects on the horizon identified as flying saucers emitting intense orange light. Others considered them to be electrical apparatus from a storm.

1980s Sightings

In late 1978, around 1:45 AM, a woman walking her dog near the Port d'en Perris saw an object resembling a white moon that changed to orange and then blue, enveloped in blue ribbons. It approached and transformed into a large, silent, dazzling gray flying saucer that moved over the buildings of Port d'en Perris and towards the beach. The woman was frightened and fled, though her dog remained calm. She could not offer any interpretation.

In the spring of 1980, a witness observed a luminous object over Montgó for about thirty minutes. It was described as a full moon that rapidly changed color from white to pumpkin and then blue. Suddenly, two smaller 'moons' appeared on either side, entering and exiting the larger one, which Colomeda deduced was a 'mother ship' with 'strange things like barred windows'.

In indeterminate dates in 1980, residents of Vilaür reported seeing a spotlight projected from top to bottom towards the hilltops for three or four non-consecutive nights, as if illuminating objects descending. Explanations ranged from smuggling nylon stockings to aircraft or helicopters, but Colomeda argued that an aircraft would have to be stationary, which is impossible, and a helicopter would be too noisy.

In December 1980, two people near the 'Txapeles' discotheque saw a craft a few meters above the Torre de Montgó. This event was reportedly published, but no further details were found.

In May 1981, a witness reported seeing a metallic flying object moving from west to east at a considerable height. Initially thought to be a helicopter, the object suddenly changed trajectory, ascending rapidly for three seconds before stopping. It appeared circular but, when viewed through binoculars, resembled a croissant.

In the summer of 1983, around 2 or 3 AM, a family on Ronda del Mar in L'Escala observed a 'fireball' about 8 to 10 meters in diameter ascending rapidly from the sea or land. It left a reddish-violet luminous trail and headed south towards El Pedró. Colomeda suggests this might be the same phenomenon seen from Tossa de Mar and published in the magazine Interviu, possibly related to an event on July 12th.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The recurring themes in this issue include the persistent observation of unidentified aerial phenomena in Catalonia, particularly along the coast. Many accounts describe luminous objects, unusual craft shapes (discs, spheres, fireballs), and sometimes humanoid figures. The magazine highlights the challenges in documenting these events, the role of witness testimony, and the initial interpretations ranging from conventional explanations (aircraft, weather phenomena) to more extraordinary ones (extraterrestrial craft, paranormal events). Colomeda's stance appears to be one of careful compilation and presentation of witness accounts, acknowledging skepticism while presenting the data for consideration. The editorial stance seems to favor exploring these phenomena as genuine mysteries that warrant investigation, even if definitive conclusions are elusive.

This issue of "Papers d'Ovnis" (Papers of UFOs), published by CEI, covers the period 2016-2017 and focuses on unexplained aerial phenomena and UFO sightings primarily in the L'Escala region of Catalonia, Spain, with a particular emphasis on cases from the 1980s and 1990s.

Case Studies and Sightings

The magazine details several notable cases:

Benicàssim Incident (July 12)

A case that reached the Spanish Congress of Deputies involved an unidentified object over Benicàssim, with numerous witnesses. It was suggested to be a consequence of the launch of a French ballistic missile from the submarine Le Gymnote off the coast of Brittany towards the Azores. However, the timing and trajectory reported by a witness named Colomeda did not perfectly align with this event, possibly due to memory issues.

L'Escala Sightings

Several incidents are reported around L'Escala:

• Appearance over Empúries: Tourists and locals witnessed a brilliant, round object of large dimensions above the ruins of Empúries around 11 PM. It left a gas-like trail and ascended rapidly.
• 1984 or 1985 Case: A resident of L'Escala observed a circular object with an intense orange color flying low over the Estany de la Poma, moving from Can Jepot towards Montgó.
• Llampaies to Camallera Incident: Three occupants of a car on the GI-623 road saw a "flying, round object of 'butane' color" emerge from behind trees and approach them, hovering above the vehicle for about two kilometers before disappearing into the mountains near Camallera.
• Night of Kings 1986: Three people in a car on the GI-623 near the municipal cemetery saw the moon rapidly enlarge. Upon closer inspection, it was identified as an aircraft that was shining and pulsating, described as a flying saucer with small, rounded, multicolored windows emitting reddish-orange light. The object, estimated to be 20 meters in diameter and at an altitude of 50 meters, flew over their vehicle for three minutes before heading towards the ruins of Empúries, emitting a metallic hum.
• Winter 1986 or 1987 Incident: On the GI-6301 near Montiró, a car stopped suddenly, and both its engine and lights, as well as the street lights, shut off without any known cause. The car eventually restarted when the lights returned.
• Autumn 1988 Case (The "Twentieth Esoteric Experience"): A couple arriving in L'Escala from Girona saw a strange object. The husband went to investigate and observed a cylindrical object, described as larger than a plane and articulated like a sausage, with a pointed front. It had an orange luminosity and crossed the Bay of Roses in about a minute, accelerating and disappearing over Cap de Norfeu.
• November 29, 1990 Case (The Luminous Ball): Two local police officers on patrol near the mortuary saw an "immense ball with reddish shadows" approach slowly, stop about 40 meters above their vehicle, and then disappear suddenly towards the hills of Serra de Ventalló. This case is noted for its connection to a 1997 event.

Meteorological Explanations and "False UFOs"

An article from "El Punt" newspaper is cited, suggesting that the November 1990 luminous ball was a meteorological phenomenon. The article explains that a concentration of cold air and electrical discharges off the Catalan coast produced strange atmospheric phenomena interpreted as UFOs. Meteorologist Alfred Rodríguez Picó explained that powerful storm nuclei could create concentrated electrical discharges, giving the impression of a moving light. He noted that while these storms were normal, their duration was unusual.

Another article from "El Punt" on November 11 (prior to the November 29 incident) reported a "false UFO."

Laser Reflection Incident (March 19, 1997)

Several years later, on March 19, 1997, local police were mobilized by reports of a light moving among the clouds over the Bay of Roses. A patrol observed a light moving in circles. An observer identified it as the reflection of a laser from a discotheque in Empúriabrava, moving regularly. Fog and low clouds obscured the beam, showing only a diffuse reflection. The clouds facilitated the reflection, which sometimes appeared doubled.

Manuel Delgado's Testimony (March 19, 1997)

Jordi Oliveres interviewed Manolo Delgado, one of the police officers involved in the March 19, 1997 incident. Delgado recounted patrolling when he and his partner noticed an unusually large "moon" very low to the ground, about 100 meters up. It illuminated the fields. They followed it as it moved along the road towards Viladamat. Near a small hill, the object, described as an oval ball of orange color, appeared on the road about 10-12 meters in front of their car and 5-6 meters high, following the road. It stopped near the cemetery, then moved again. Delgado described it as immense, without noise, doors, or windows, and changing color from yellowish to orange. He compared it to the moon but noted it was much lower and larger. He also mentioned that the object seemed to be waiting for them. They followed it for about 5 kilometers.

Delgado also commented on the 1990 case, stating that there was no moon that night. Iker Jiménez, in a 1997 article, noted that the location of the March 19, 1997 sighting was the same as the November 1990 case. Delgado described the 1990 object as a luminous sphere that silently positioned itself over the patrol car, illuminating the surroundings like the sun at midnight. His companion, Corporal Nicolás, was also impressed.

Analysis of the 1990 Case

Delgado's account of the "pursuit" of the UFO occurred on the GI-623 road around 4 AM. The object was lost in the mountains of Ventalló to the west. The description closely matched that of the moon, especially considering its comparison to the satellite throughout the testimony. The behavior – stopping when the observers stopped, moving when they moved, and disappearing behind mountains – was also consistent with observing the moon. However, Delgado insisted there was no moon. The magazine questions how the moon could be confused with an unidentified object, suggesting that perhaps it was something else entirely, or that the police officers' perception was flawed due to the object's apparent size and proximity.

Ufologist Manuel Borraz, comparing the 1997 case with the 1990 incident, suggested that Delgado might have seen the same phenomenon: a moon about to set.

Arriben els 90 (The 90s Arrive)

• Summer 1992 Sighting: A German woman in Camp dels Pilans saw a reddish, rectangular, prism-shaped object about three kilometers away. It remained static before accelerating rapidly southeast towards L'Estartit.
• October 5, 1995 Sighting: Multiple witnesses on the N-II highway near Orriols observed a triangular UFO with rounded vertices and a row of windows. It had a red light on top and less intense green and yellow lights on the sides. The object flew slowly for about five minutes, circled, and returned towards Pla de l'Estany. Witnesses included individuals from Crespià, people from Bar l'Escal, a woman returning from Girona, and other car occupants.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The issue highlights a recurring theme of UFO sightings in the L'Escala and surrounding areas, with many cases involving luminous objects exhibiting unusual flight characteristics. The magazine presents witness testimonies, often quoting them directly, and includes analyses that attempt to explain the phenomena, sometimes attributing them to meteorological events, misidentification of celestial bodies (like the moon), or even laser reflections. However, the persistent nature of these reports and the detailed descriptions suggest to some that there may be genuinely unexplained phenomena involved. The editorial stance appears to be one of open inquiry, presenting evidence and potential explanations without definitively dismissing the possibility of unidentified aerial phenomena.

Title: Papers d'Ovnis
Issue: 3-4
Date: 2016-2017
Publisher: CEI
Language: Catalan

This issue of Papers d'Ovnis focuses on UFO sightings and encounters, primarily detailing events that occurred in Catalonia, Spain, during the 1990s. The articles present witness testimonies, media reports, and subsequent analysis of these phenomena.

Orriols Sighting

The first reported incident, as detailed in an article from 'El Punt', concerns a sighting in Orriols where several residents claimed to have seen a UFO flying over the town. The event occurred around 7:45 PM when a man driving with his daughter noticed "an apparatus with many colored lights that was not an airplane." He stopped his car and alerted staff at the local restaurant 'l'Escal', who also confirmed seeing the object. According to witnesses, the object was triangular with rounded vertices. It had a red light at the top and mostly yellow and green lights on its sides. The UFO reportedly came from Banyoles, circled over the town, and then returned the way it came. The sighting lasted about five minutes, and the object was described as flying high and not very fast. Some witnesses mentioned seeing a row of windows. However, sources from the Girona-Costa Brava airport stated they had no record of such an event.

L'Escala Incident - January 1997

A second incident occurred on the night of January 6, 1997, involving two young people on the beach of La Miranda d'Empúries, near L'Escala. They observed a yellow light appearing at a great height, moving abruptly, and then suddenly disappearing. One of the witnesses, who reportedly had professional knowledge of aeronautics, told Lluís Colomeda that the light could not have been a conventional aircraft or a meteor shower.

L'Escala Incident - March 1997: The Colomeda Summary

This section summarizes an event that took place on March 19, 1997, as recounted by Colomeda. Two local police officers on patrol in a car near the Kàrting of L'Escala observed a spherical object, described as being like a full moon, approaching them unexpectedly. The object hovered about 4 to 5 meters above the ground for approximately 20 minutes. Within the luminous form, they saw a humanoid silhouette about 4 meters tall. The object then rapidly moved towards Montgrí, changing color from orange to intense red. One of the officers had previously witnessed a similar phenomenon on November 29, 1990, and considered the large, cloud-like object from that event to be the same unidentified object. Colomeda notes that the same phenomenon was reportedly seen in Begur and other towns that same morning, according to the national television program 'Cas Obert'.

L'Escala Incident - March 1997: The 'Enigmas' Articles

This part discusses the coverage of the L'Escala incident, particularly its prominence due to journalist Iker Jiménez. Jordi Oliveres, a Barcelona native born in 1952 and based in Figueres, is highlighted as being closely associated with the event. The first written reference found is from the 'Diari de Girona' on March 26. It is suggested that Jordi Oliveres might have heard about the event on the radio and contacted the local police of L'Escala, speaking with one of the witnesses, Manuel Delgado. The article then presents the account from the 'Diari de Girona'.

Police Officers' Account (Rosa de Diego, L'Escala)

Two municipal police officers from L'Escala, Manuel Delgado and Manuel Caballero, reported seeing a UFO around 4 AM on a Wednesday, a few meters from the Kàrting. The sighting occurred suddenly at a distance of about 40 meters, and the object was reportedly approaching their patrol car. Manuel Delgado grabbed a camera from the police car to take photos, but as he was about to photograph it, the UFO "shot off at spectacular speed." Delgado recalled that the object changed from orange to intense red before disappearing. He described it as having a rounded shape and hovering about 4 to 5 meters above the ground. This was not the first time Officer Manuel Delgado had such an experience; he described a previous sighting as a strange object like a reddish moon that approached his patrol car before disappearing. In that earlier instance, the UFO reportedly descended near the cemetery before moving towards a hill near the Ventalló intersection.

'Enigmas' Article and Further Details

An article in 'Enigmas del Hombre del Universo' by Iker Jiménez, published in late June 1997, is mentioned. This article was based on notes sent by Jordi Oliveres. The magazine 'Enigmas' was reportedly striving to establish itself against competitors like 'Más Allá' and 'Año Cero', and the L'Escala case contributed to its significance in Spanish ufology.

#### Detailed Narrative of the 1997 Incident

The account continues with a detailed narrative of the March 19, 1997, event. At 2:55 AM, police officers Manuel Delgado (48, from Jaén, married, three children, 18 years of service) and Manuel Caballero (52, from Extremadura, married, five children, 20 years of service) were on patrol near L'Escala. Driving slowly on an unpaved road towards Torroella de Montgrí, Manuel Caballero noticed a spherical, orange-colored light, exclaiming, "Look Manolo, what a big moon!"

Manuel Delgado became convinced it was not a natural object. Within seconds, the light began to descend rapidly to the right of the road. The officers activated their patrol car's flashing lights as the "gigantic object" positioned itself almost parallel to the car, hovering about three meters above the ground. When the patrol car stopped at a crossroads, the strange artifact positioned itself directly in front of the witnesses, illuminating everything with a yellow-orange glow. Manuel Caballero attempted to reverse, but the gearbox mysteriously became blocked.

#### The Entity and the Light Phenomenon

Delgado, less nervous than his partner, tried to approach the object despite Caballero's pleas to desist. He decided to use his camera, usually kept in the car for road accidents. As he prepared to photograph the immense orange globe, the interior of the sphere changed color, and a "sinister silhouette" appeared within. The luminous globe, as large as a bullring, remained about 50 meters from the windshield, static and silent. The UFO had no discernible doors, windows, or protuberances. Notably, "not even the tramuntana wind moved a single leaf in that place."

Delgado then attempted to take a photograph. Suddenly, the sphere turned elliptical, and the object began to ascend diagonally at high speed, becoming a point no larger than the stars. A reddish trail remained in the sky for several minutes. The officers then returned to the police station and filed a report.

#### Witness Testimony and Health Issues

The article then shifts to discuss potential health issues experienced by the witnesses. A few days after the incident, Manuel Delgado began to experience a significant loss of vision in his right eye, for which no precise diagnosis was immediately found by the ophthalmologist. In contrast, Manuel Caballero, who had suffered from a mild heart problem for months, experienced a complete remission of his symptoms after the incident.

An article by Iker Jiménez in 'Enigmas' in September 1997 began by discussing Manuel Delgado's poor health since the event, including increased blood pressure and an ocular thrombosis that led to a work leave. Caballero, however, considered himself recovered from his previous ailments, suggesting, "that did something to us..."

#### Further Details on the Encounter

The narrative revisits the events of the night. The officers were on patrol near an old landfill when they saw what Caballero described as a "very big moon" on the right side of the road. Delgado recalled a similar event from November 1990. The object was described as being almost touching the ground, blinking with an orange or red color. They decided to proceed to a crossroads to confront the object directly, with Delgado believing it was the same phenomenon he had seen seven years prior.

At 2:55 AM, the patrol car stopped as the large sphere remained static on the esplanade. There was no noise. Caballero recounted his fear, thinking the sphere might touch the high-voltage power lines and explode. He tried to reverse, but the car was immobilized.

Delgado then activated the patrol car's rotating lights, and the luminous object began to move slowly towards them. Caballero, terrified, urged Delgado to leave, fearing the object was coming directly at them. Suddenly, an immense silhouette appeared, compared to a five-meter-tall lamppost. Delgado positioned himself to connect his camera, while Caballero remained in the car, paralyzed by tension. He described the entity as having "very thin and very long arms... reaching below the knees." He stated, "It wasn't human. And it was dark. I couldn't tell what its features were, nor did I see its hands or movements... It remained static, with its arms apart, in a dueling stance, like a Western character about to draw a weapon... That man, or whatever it was, had a very thin and narrow body and remained floating inside that immense light... I know it was looking at us, that it was watching us. And it also knew that we were watching it. That attitude was unsettling, as if it wanted to say that something was going to happen. At that moment, I insisted again to Delgado to get in the car, but he was busy setting up the camera, determined to photograph the intruder..."

#### Sketches by Witnesses

Figure 5 shows sketches made by the witnesses. The upper drawing, by Manuel Delgado, depicts a figure with long arms. The lower drawing, by Manuel Caballero, shows a similar figure with a dark head and body, holding two sticks. The text notes that the figure was described as having "very thin and very long arms" and being "static, with its arms apart, in a duel position."

#### Final Moments of the Encounter

Caballero, shouting "Let's get out of here now!" because everything turned red, described an intense red light penetrating from the outside into the car. He noted that Manuel Delgado's entire body turned red, except for his eyes. He was unsure where the light originated, but it affected the land, fields, clothes, and bodies.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The magazine consistently presents UFO sightings as credible events, often supported by multiple witnesses, including law enforcement officers. The editorial stance appears to be one of serious investigation into unexplained aerial phenomena, giving credence to witness testimonies and exploring potential implications, such as the physical and psychological effects on those who encounter these objects. The publication seems to aim at documenting and analyzing such events within the Spanish context, often referencing media coverage and the work of ufologists like Jordi Oliveres and journalists like Iker Jiménez.

Title: Papers d'Ovnis
Issue: 3-4
Date: 2016-2017
Publisher: CEI
Country: Spain
Language: Catalan

This issue of Papers d'Ovnis delves into two significant and mysterious events that occurred in the L'Escala region of Spain: a remarkable UAP (Unidentified Aerial Phenomenon) sighting by two local police officers and the baffling disappearance of a local resident.

The L'Escala UAP Encounter

The central narrative revolves around the experience of two local police officers, Manuel Delgado and Manuel Caballero, on the night of March 18, 1997. While on patrol near the L'Escala karting track, they observed an extraordinary phenomenon. Initially, the surroundings became unnaturally silent, with the wind ceasing. Suddenly, a large, luminous sphere, described as being as large as the full moon, appeared and approached their vehicle. The object was initially reddish, then turned yellow and orange, and appeared opaque.

Delgado, despite his partner's apprehension, exited the patrol car to get a better look and attempt to photograph the object. He described it as being about 4 or 5 meters above the ground. The object then moved behind some trees and reappeared directly in front of them, changing color to a strong, opaque orange. Caballero described it as a very large, round ball, comparing its size to two bullrings, and was unsure of the material it was made of.

As Delgado approached, a powerful light impacted him. The object then transformed into an oval shape and rapidly ascended into the sky. During the encounter, the officers also reported seeing a tall, humanoid figure, estimated to be around four meters in height, emerge from the luminous sphere. The figure's arms were described as reaching below its knees. The officers' initial report to the Guardia Civil yielded no corroborating sightings.

Following the incident, an official report was filed by Sergeant Juan Vargas Gómez, documenting the officers' account. The article also notes that the event was reported in a September 1997 article, offering it as a scoop. The time of the sighting was recorded as 4:05 AM.

The Disappearance of Josep Font

The magazine also investigates the mysterious disappearance of Josep Font, a resident of Albons, which occurred in June 1996. This event took place near the same intersection where the police officers later had their UAP sighting. Font was riding his moped to water his fields when he vanished. Despite extensive searches by the Guardia Civil, no trace of Font or his moped was found. The moped's fuel capacity suggested he could not have traveled far. Neighbors described Font as a normal, problem-free individual.

Investigator Iker Jiménez explored a potential connection between Font's disappearance and the UAP sighting, questioning if the events were related. The article highlights the difficulty in proving connections in the paranormal world, often requiring proof of non-relation instead. A poster seeking information about Josep Font's disappearance is featured, along with a mention of a TV program called "Zoom" on Tele 5 that covered the case.

Corroboration and Aftermath

The article presents testimonies from various individuals to support the credibility of Delgado and Caballero's account. María José Dubé, Deputy Mayor of L'Escala, vouched for their honesty and reliability, stating that they had served for nearly twenty years. Other local police officers, Daniel González and Enrique Amaya, also expressed belief in their colleagues' testimony.

Furthermore, the article details the physical and psychological effects on the officers. Manuel Delgado suffered a significant loss of vision in his right eye, diagnosed as ocular thrombosis, which persisted months later. In contrast, Manuel Caballero, who had previously suffered from serious coronary issues, experienced an inexplicable and miraculous recovery. His wife, Felisa Santos, and daughter, Eva Caballero, attested to this remarkable improvement, noting that he had not followed any medical advice but had significantly improved after the incident.

Physical Evidence and Further Investigations

Besides the officers' testimonies, a circular imprint, approximately ten meters in diameter, was discovered in a field near the incident site. The vegetation within this imprint was found to be flattened and dry, suggesting it had been subjected to high temperatures. This phenomenon was noted by the landowner, Manuel Caro, who described it as highly unusual for the area.

Iker Jiménez continued to investigate the case, appearing on the TV program "Zoom" to discuss the events. The program's narrative mirrored the accounts of the officers, including details about the car stalling and Caballero's recovery. The program also mentioned the discovery of the circular imprint, comparing it to agroglifs (crop circles).

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The magazine consistently presents accounts of unexplained phenomena, focusing on witness testimonies, particularly from credible sources like law enforcement officials. The editorial stance appears to be one of open inquiry into UAP events and related mysteries, such as disappearances. The article emphasizes the lack of conventional explanations for the events described and highlights the physical and psychological impacts on those involved. The connection between the UAP sighting and Josep Font's disappearance is explored as a central mystery, leaving the reader to ponder the potential links between these extraordinary occurrences.

This issue of "Papers d'Ovnis" (Issue 3-4, 2016-2017) delves into several intriguing cases and analyses within the realm of UFO phenomena. The publication, associated with CEI, focuses on original research and reporting in Catalan.

The L'Escala Case: Police Encounter with a Humanoid

The central feature of this issue details the widely reported case of two local police officers from L'Escala, Spain, Manuel Delgado and Manuel Caballero, who claimed to have witnessed a UFO in March 1997. The article, referencing a reproduction of an article from "El Punt" newspaper dated October 2, 1997, highlights the officers' account of seeing a large, luminous object, described as a sphere approximately 70 meters in diameter, hovering a few meters above the ground. They reported that the object changed colors from orange to light blue and then revealed a humanoid figure about 4 meters tall inside, with long arms reaching its knees, described as having a defiant posture like a cowboy ready to draw.

Manuel Delgado, who had previously reported a similar sighting seven years prior, was on patrol with his colleague when they observed the phenomenon. Delgado attempted to photograph the object, but it moved away at high speed towards the Montgrí massif. The event lasted about eight minutes. The officers described the object as a silent, static 'globe' that changed shape and color, leaving a reddish trace upon its disappearance.

Following the incident, both officers appeared on television programs, including Telecinco's "Zoom" and TV3's "Cas Obert," hosted by Àngel Casas. The case gained significant media attention, with "El Punt" publishing an article on October 2, 1997, summarizing the events and the officers' testimonies. The article noted that the object's size was compared to a large football field.

Health Effects and Official Reactions

Significant attention is given to the claimed health consequences of the sighting. Manuel Delgado reported a progressive loss of vision in one eye, which led to him taking sick leave. In contrast, Manuel Caballero claimed to have experienced a remarkable recovery from a cardiac condition, feeling more energetic and healthier. These contrasting health outcomes, along with the officers' unwavering testimony, were noted by local authorities.

The Mayor of L'Escala, Josep Maria Guinart, and the Councilor of Governance, Mari Dubé, publicly supported the officers, acknowledging their long service and integrity. However, they refrained from endorsing extraterrestrial interpretations, with Dubé stating, "I believe they lived what they explain, but I don't want to say that it seems like they are extraterrestrials." Despite this, Mari Dubé reportedly showed significant interest in the case.

Skeptical Interpretations and Analysis

The issue presents skeptical viewpoints and analyses of the L'Escala case. Manuel Borraz, in a 1997 document, suggested that the observation might be related to the Moon. He pointed out that the object's appearance, position (low on the horizon), orange color, static nature, and silent operation were consistent with observations of the Moon during its setting. Borraz's analysis, supported by graphics and tables, compared the apparent position and characteristics of the object with astronomical data of the Moon on the night of the incident.

Lawyer Fernando L. Frías Sánchez also offered a critical and somewhat ironic perspective. He questioned the validity of the medical documents presented by Iker Jiménez in "Enigmas" magazine regarding the officers' health claims. Frías argued that the reported 'miraculous cure' for a cardiac condition was likely an overstatement, and that the 'apocalyptic diagnosis' for Delgado's eye problem was actually a mild coronary dysfunction. He also questioned the delay in seeking medical attention, suggesting it undermined the claims of sudden, UFO-induced ailments.

Frías Sánchez specifically challenged the officers' insistence on denying that they might have seen the Moon, despite their own descriptions of the object resembling it. He suggested that the phenomenon could be explained by atmospheric effects or even a misinterpretation of the Moon's appearance, particularly given its low altitude and orange hue near the horizon.

Other Cases and Program Reviews

The magazine also briefly mentions the disappearance of Josep Font, noting that investigations were at a standstill and that the circumstances surrounding his vanishing remained a mystery, with some linking it to the unusual characteristics of the location.

Jordi Oliveres is cited for a 2007 summary of the L'Escala case, which is compared to a later version from 2012. The article also references a program called "Cuarto Milenio" from May 2007, where Oliveres presented a summary of the events.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

This issue of "Papers d'Ovnis" demonstrates a commitment to presenting detailed accounts of alleged UFO encounters, particularly those involving official witnesses like police officers. It balances the presentation of these testimonies with critical analysis and skeptical viewpoints, inviting readers to consider alternative explanations. The magazine appears to encourage thorough investigation, as evidenced by the detailed comparisons with astronomical data and the questioning of medical claims. The editorial stance seems to be one of open inquiry, acknowledging the unexplained while also scrutinizing the evidence and potential for misinterpretation or exaggeration.

Title: Papers d'Ovnis
Issue: 3-4
Date: 2016-2017
Publisher: CEI
Country: Spain
Language: Catalan

This issue of "Papers d'Ovnis" delves into the L'Escala UFO case, primarily focusing on the testimonies of two police officers, Manuel Delgado and M. Caballero, who reported a sighting in 1997. The article explores the details of their encounter, subsequent investigations, and various proposed explanations, including astronomical phenomena and medical conditions.

The L'Escala Incident

The article begins by recounting how Manuel Delgado and M. Caballero, after their initial sighting, decided to buy land near the location. The area was noted for its underground currents with a high ferruginous water index. Despite their experience, they reportedly gained no economic benefit, appearing on radio and TV programs and seeking consultation. Iker Jimenez, an investigator for "Enigmas" magazine, published his version of events after visiting the site, which the author notes contained inaccuracies or exaggerations, though not necessarily Iker's fault. Jimenez later published the story in his book "Enigmas sin resolver."

M. Caballero passed away the previous year from a heart attack, having experienced personal problems in his later years. The author maintains periodic contact with M. Delgado, who consistently recounts his story with detail and equanimity. The author states that all recordings of interviews and radio/TV appearances are in his possession, stored on cassette and VHS.

The author's personal impression is that the witnesses did not lie and genuinely experienced the event. He describes himself not as an investigator but as someone who stumbled upon the story. He found the topic interesting and decided to make it public, trusting Dr. Jimenez de l'Oso, director of "Enigmas," whom he considered a trusted figure due to his influence on his own youthful interest in occult subjects.

In December 2007, the team from the Spanish TV program "Cuarto Milenio" visited L'Escala to film a report. The subsequent broadcast reignited interest in the case. By this time, only one of the two original witnesses, Manuel Delgado, was still alive.

Witness Testimonies and Object Description

Manuel Delgado recalls the event occurring around 3:30 AM while he and his partner were patrolling. They saw a large, orange-colored object. As they approached, the object moved away towards a wooded area. Circling the trees, they saw a path about 50 meters away. They stopped in an open field, and the object also stopped.

Delgado further describes the object as being roughly the size of a bullring. From within the object, a blue silhouette emerged, approximately 3 to 4 meters tall. This silhouette did not touch the ground or the object's ceiling and had its arms open. His companion urged him to take a photo to prove their sighting, but it proved impossible.

Health Concerns and Medical Explanations

A particularly intriguing aspect of the case, as highlighted on "Cuarto Milenio," was that both witnesses reportedly developed cancer after the incident. Delgado explains that his companion remained in the car while he got out to attempt photography. He speculates that if the object emitted radiation, he would be more exposed. He mentions that he received treatment, but his companion did not survive, suggesting his condition was more advanced, involving intestinal, pancreatic, and liver issues.

Jordi Oliveres, presented as an investigator, also appears in an interview. The article notes that Oliveres reported Caballero's death as a heart attack, which the author questions.

Oliveres discusses sightings in the area between Bagur and La Jonquera, including numerous UFO sightings and unexplained disappearances or time distortions. He mentions cases reported through the Hospital de Figueres, with doctors themselves recounting them.

Regarding a mark found near the observation site, Oliveres mentions a distinct circle in an adjacent field that appeared burnt. Initially, he considered herbicides, but subsequent investigations by others suggested the presence of radiation or an anomaly in the terrain.

Astronomical Explanations

Three days after the "Cuarto Milenio" broadcast, a blog post on "Gluon con leche" suggested the Moon as a plausible explanation. On January 31st, a new entry analyzed the program's claims and referenced an explanation proposed by Josep March in 1997.

According to this analysis, Delgado's description of the "vision" aligns with an ophthalmological phenomenon called a "flash" – a brief, colored flash of light, often accompanied by a central blind spot (scotoma). This is attributed to damage to the retinal macula or optic nerve, potentially caused by a transient occlusion of a retinal artery, a complication of arterial hypertension.

The article further elaborates that such phenomena can be complications of arterial hypertension. If uncontrolled, it can lead to significant visual impairment. Delgado began losing vision in his right eye two days after the incident, a condition attributed in a hospital report to "ischemia of the right optic nerve and retinal vascular alteration," which are typical disorders associated with hypertension.

Juan Carlos Victorio, an analyst, also considered that the phenomenon witnessed by the two police officers was the Moon.

Re-evaluation of the Sighting

The article presents a detailed analysis of the Moon's position on the night of March 19, 1997, at 4:05 AM. Astronomical charts confirm the Moon was low on the horizon, with an azimuth of 108° 46' and an elevation of 1° 24'. Its setting occurred around 4:15 AM.

The crescent Moon, nearing full phase, occupied the position described by the witnesses. Their description of seeing "the Moon, just like the Moon, exactly the same..." is highlighted. When the Moon is near the horizon, its apparent size and orange-yellow coloration can make it appear striking and spectacular, especially if the sky is overcast, as reported by the witnesses.

The article suggests that the effect or illusion is amplified if the Moon suddenly appears in a clear sky or through clouds. The observation reportedly began just as the Moon was setting.

Regarding the mention of a giant humanoid figure, the article suggests it could have been an "ombra" (shadow). Lunar surface features can create shadows that resemble figures, such as the "man in the Moon." The perceived giant being could also have been caused by a cloud obscuring the Moon.

Continued Investigation and Interview Excerpts

The case remained relatively dormant for some time due to declining interest in UFOs, though not entirely forgotten. A significant development occurred when Jordi Oliveres uploaded a lengthy, unedited interview from 1997 with the police officers.

In this interview, Manuel Delgado and Manuel Caballero discuss the events. Caballero recalls the car stalling and the lights remaining on. Delgado states, "I told him. I said, let's go to such a place, to see if they've put up one of those dog houses." Caballero mentions a dog. Delgado recalls driving around the post office square and then entering a path near a karting track. About 200 meters in, something appeared as if waiting.

Caballero interjects, "I was going to tell you. Sorry. I was going to tell you..." Delgado confirms, "Yes, but you didn't have time." Caballero then exclaims, "Wow, what a Moon. But there was no Moon that night."

Delgado denies having mentioned the Moon. Caballero insists he did not tell him about the Moon. Delgado then says, "I saw it there and I said: 'Look, the same thing I saw with Nicolás.'" Oliveres asks if it was exactly the same, and Delgado confirms, "The same, the same."

This exchange highlights a contradiction: the witnesses claim there was no Moon, yet they initially describe seeing something like the Moon, which they later identify as the UFO. Delgado's clear statement, "There was no Moon," is emphasized.

The interview continues with Caballero stating, "The car stalled on me." Oliveres asks if the lights stayed on, and Caballero confirms they did, even when he tried to reverse. He explains that his companion stayed put while he tried to maneuver.

Later in the interview, Caballero recalls being scared. Oliveres asks who saw a person inside. Caballero confirms he saw it and told his companion. Delgado was nearby, occupied with the machine. Delgado states he couldn't take photos.

Delgado describes seeing something with an orange color, approaching them. His companion urged him to take a photo, fearing they wouldn't be believed. He grabbed his camera, but the light on it was red instead of green. While he was checking the camera, his companion urged him to hurry as "it's leaving, it's leaving." The light turned red, then a strong red.

Caballero confirms, "Red, red." Oliveres notes the color change from orange to red.

Caballero describes seeing a silhouette inside, of a person, with a bluish color. Delgado agrees it was a bluish color, a sky blue. Caballero emphasizes the person and the shadow as the most impressive aspects. Delgado confirms seeing a shadow. Caballero also mentions feeling a cold sensation.

Another segment of the recording reveals a discussion about the object's movement. Delgado states that Caballero saw him as "all red." Oliveres asks for a specific time. Caballero explains that when exiting with the machine, it came out from the front of the vehicle, not the back, then moved behind it.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The recurring themes in this issue revolve around UFO sightings, witness testimonies, and the critical analysis of such events. The editorial stance appears to be one of open-minded investigation, presenting different perspectives and potential explanations without definitively dismissing any possibility. The article meticulously details the L'Escala case, contrasting witness accounts with scientific and astronomical explanations. It highlights the challenges in verifying such phenomena and the role of media, like "Cuarto Milenio," in bringing them to public attention. The inclusion of medical explanations suggests a willingness to explore all avenues, including psychological and physiological factors, that might influence perception or be linked to alleged encounters.

This issue of "Papers d'Ovnis" (Volume 3-4, 2016-2017), published by CEI, delves into various UFO and UAP sightings, primarily focusing on eyewitness testimonies and investigative details from Catalonia, Spain. The content spans reported incidents from the 1990s to the early 2010s, with a particular emphasis on detailed accounts and analysis.

Key Articles and Discussions

Conversation with Witnesses

The issue features a dialogue involving Manuel Caballero, Jordi Oliveres, and Manuel Delgado. The conversation touches upon personal experiences and observations. Manuel Delgado describes a recent, peculiar eye condition where he experienced blurry vision, noting that his left eye, though described as 'lazy,' had previously allowed him to see perfectly. He states that this condition began about 7-8 days prior to the conversation, and now, when closing his left eye, he sees better with his right eye. This contrasts with a previous incident where Manuel Caballero observed Delgado's eyes were not red, unlike in a prior observation. Caballero also recounts a car journey with Delgado, mentioning items in the car like a club, clothes, and the glove compartment, suggesting they were illuminated by infrared light. A significant detail discussed is an incident where Manuel Delgado was driving a car without a permit to collect wood for a doghouse. He exited the car from the driver's side, a detail presented as adding credibility due to potential fear of police reprisal. The conversation also briefly touches upon a ghost sighting by Manuel Caballero and his wife, involving the deceased grandmother of Caballero's wife, which occurred years earlier in Germany.

Case Studies and Sightings

The magazine compiles several case studies and eyewitness accounts of aerial phenomena:

• L'Escala / Badia de Roses (January 2008): Jordi Oliveres addresses comments regarding an object seen in L'Escala. He confirms that on the same day, numerous people, including fishermen in the Bay of Roses, witnessed an object that was neither the moon nor an airplane. Oliveres himself, described as a skeptic, also saw the object.

• Badia de Roses / Palau (January 2008): An object was observed hovering over the Bay of Roses for an extended period, displaying enormous lights. It exhibited zig-zagging movements before ascending like a rocket and disappearing towards Palau. The sighting was witnessed by many, and a report was filed with the authorities.

• Roses (January 2008): A local resident from Roses corroborates the sighting and offers to connect investigators with numerous other witnesses in the area, including entire families.

• Illes Medes / Palau (January 2008): The object appeared to the west, near the Medes Islands. It was observed for a considerable time, disappeared, and then reappeared at high speed, heading towards Palau.

• Roses / Cap Norfeu (January 2008): A witness describes an object seen near Cap Norfeu, comparing its appearance to a bullring with a central nucleus. It emerged from the southwest and vanished towards the north, executing a vertical ascent at high speed.

• Badia de Roses (January 2008): A witness describes a large, orange light, resembling a bullring, that hovered over the bay. It then ascended vertically at an immense speed, estimated between 20,000 and 25,000 feet, before descending inland towards the west.

• Begur Area (March 1997): The program "Cas Obert" on TV3 reported an observation by a municipal police officer from Begur, approximately 50 kilometers from where another sighting occurred. This officer also saw a strange light. The article notes that subsequent investigations by another researcher allegedly manipulated data, exaggerating details, such as claiming no grass grew where the object landed, which the author dismisses as false and motivated by sensationalism.

• L'Escala / Roses Area (May 1997): During a Tramuntana wind, a group walking from Cinclaus to Empúries saw a "resplendent aircraft" performing "disconcerting maneuvers" over the Rodes mountain range. This sighting was reportedly corroborated by an officer from the Pení station, who mentioned an unknown artifact detected and observed by military personnel.

• Font de la Platja, L'Escala (May 1998): Two individuals from L'Escala and an indeterminate number of tourists observed a luminous phenomenon described as "thimble-shaped with ribbons (similar to a star)" above the "casa de la punxa." The object had dark blue upper and lower parts and a yellowish center, with white ribbons. It lasted about twenty minutes before fading.

• Riells Area (Summer 1998): The owner of a bar near Plaça de l'Univers saw a "violent red spherical mass with a dark (black) nucleus" moving north-south. This was suggested to be a plasma ball or globular lightning, possibly similar to a 1983 fireball event.

• C-31, L'Escala to Torroella (June 1999): Two women driving observed a "conical-shaped aircraft" moving west at an altitude of about 300 meters, originating from the Montgrí area. The object displayed blinking lights and emitted a humming sound, leading the witnesses to conclude it was not an airplane.

• GI-632, Bellcaire to L'Escala (October 1999): A couple and their son saw a large, yellow-orange light, estimated to be 20-25 meters in diameter, which they initially mistook for a special event at a karting track. The object, with sharp outlines, was later compared to the moon or a fireball.

• Estartit Area (January 2008): A municipal police officer from Estartit reportedly saw an object. The police in Estartit are aware of the incident, which lasted about 45 minutes. A discrepancy noted is that the light seen by the municipal police was described as orange, while another sighting in L'Escala was described as yellow.

• Armentera (March 1997): A reader named Núria recounts an experience where her brother and cousins saw a powerful light while walking on a dirt path. The light did not move closer or larger but gave the sensation of moving away. They later found the light about 100 meters away, hovering over a house.

• Cap Norfeu, Roses (January 2009): A witness on a boat observed a large, orange, round light with a central nucleus, compared to a bullring. It appeared from the southwest and disappeared to the north, moving vertically upwards at high speed, estimated to be much faster than a conventional aircraft. The witness estimated the object to be about 4 kilometers away at its closest point.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The recurring themes in this issue revolve around unexplained aerial phenomena (UAP/UFOs), eyewitness testimony, and the challenges of investigating such events. The magazine appears to present these accounts with a degree of seriousness, highlighting details that witnesses believe lend credibility to their stories, such as their fear of reprisal or unusual physical reactions. There is an underlying skepticism towards overly sensationalized or manipulated accounts, as seen in the critique of the Begur sighting's subsequent investigation. The editorial stance seems to be one of documenting and presenting these phenomena and the experiences of those who witness them, encouraging further investigation and critical analysis while acknowledging the inherent mysteries and potential psychological or physiological explanations. The use of footnotes and references suggests a commitment to documenting sources and providing context for the reported cases.

This issue of Nous Papers d'Ovnis (Volume 3-4, 2016-2017) is dedicated to exploring UFO sightings, particularly in the L'Escala region of Catalonia, Spain. The issue features articles that delve into both historical and contemporary accounts of unexplained aerial phenomena, alongside a broader discussion on the interpretation of celestial events throughout history.

Case Study: A 2005 Sighting

The article "Un cas del 2005" describes an incident that occurred between 4 and 5 AM on a December day in 2005, near Ullà. A young couple, returning from Estartit, observed a luminous object described as an "immense, full moon-like, orange light, elliptical in shape with its major axis horizontal." The light was situated very close to the ground behind some houses. While they were contemplating the strange light, it suddenly vanished.

Witness Testimony: A 1990s Account

Another account, referenced from Lluis Colomeda Sastre's work, details a witness's experience from "dos anys enrere" (two years prior to the reference date, likely around the late 1990s or early 2000s). The witness explains that a "ball" moved from west to east at an altitude of approximately 4 meters. It then stopped for a few seconds directly over the road before heading towards the UP6 disco. The object became invisible as it moved towards Muntanya Gran. The entire observation lasted about seven minutes, during which no other cars passed. The witness and his family decided to continue their journey to L'Escala, with the witness ensuring the car's vital functions were still operational. The witness concluded that the event was "something controlled."

Historical Context and Interpretation

The article "Signum in coelo mirabiles appareunt" by Jordi Ardanuy, affiliated with the Universitat de Barcelona and Centre d'Estudis Interplanetaris, addresses the broader context of interpreting celestial phenomena. Ardanuy notes that the sky is currently populated with lights often labeled as UFOs, but extraordinary signals are not unique to modern times, with human records dating back to antiquity.

Ardanuy highlights several challenges in interpreting ancient celestial texts. The primary issue is the ambiguity of descriptions, which can refer to meteorological events, eclipses, auroras, comets, or falling aerolites. Furthermore, authors were not always direct witnesses, relying on hearsay. There was also a tendency to favor preternatural or supernatural interpretations, extending beyond celestial events to phenomena like earthquakes. Ardanuy states that his article will examine some of these cases.

Notes and References

The issue extensively cites various sources, including:

• Lluis Colomeda Sastre: Several articles from "Sobreovnis" and "Scala Hannibalis" are frequently referenced, covering historical UFO phenomena in L'Escala and its surroundings.
• Robert Carmona: His work "Buscant l'ovni perdut" from "El Punt" newspaper is cited.
• Iker Jiménez: Various articles from "Enigmas del Hombre del Universo" and "Cuarto Milenio" are referenced, particularly concerning cases in Gerona.
• Newspaper Articles: Numerous articles from "El Punt," "Diari de Girona," "El Correo Catalan," and "El Periódico de Catalunya" are cited.
• Online Sources: Blog posts, podcasts, and academic repositories like Academia.edu are used.
• Books: Works by Aimé Michel, Bruno Cardeñosa, and Iker Jiménez are mentioned.

The references indicate a thorough investigation into the subject matter, drawing from a wide range of media and personal communications.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The recurring themes in this issue are UFO sightings in Catalonia, particularly in the L'Escala area, and the historical interpretation of unexplained celestial events. The editorial stance appears to be one of serious investigation and documentation of UFO phenomena, drawing on a broad spectrum of sources from journalistic reports to academic research and personal testimonies. The publication aims to provide a comprehensive record of these events, acknowledging the challenges in interpretation, especially when dealing with historical accounts and the potential for misidentification or sensationalism. The detailed referencing suggests a commitment to academic rigor within the field of ufology.

This issue of *Nous Papers d'Ovnis* is dedicated to exploring historical accounts of unusual celestial phenomena and potential UFO sightings within Catalonia, spanning a period from the 12th to the late 17th century. The publication, identified as issue numbers 3-4 from 2016-2017 and published by CEI, delves into ancient texts and chronicles to reconstruct and analyze these events.

Interpretation of Celestial Phenomena in Ancient Texts

The abstract highlights the challenges in interpreting celestial phenomena described in ancient texts. The primary difficulty is the ambiguity of the descriptions, which could refer to a wide range of events, including meteorological occurrences, eclipses, auroras, comets, or meteorite falls. Furthermore, authors were often not direct witnesses, relying on hearsay, and frequently favored preternatural or supernatural interpretations, often linking celestial events to omens of misfortune, such as earthquakes. The paper aims to examine specific cases to shed light on these interpretations.

Historical Cases and Analysis

The issue presents several documented incidents:

Cervera (Segarra) and other locations, year 1176

This event, recorded in the *Chronicon Dertusense II* (Annals of Tortosa II), describes a 'blood rain' observed in the term of Cervera and other places. While ancient beliefs attributed this to actual blood presaging great evils, modern interpretations suggest it could be a meteorological phenomenon caused by dust, possibly from the Sahara, or even microorganisms.

Tortosa (Baix Ebre), March 3, 1189

Also from the *Chronicon Dertusense II*, this entry mentions 'fire from the sky' seen in multiple locations. It is suggested that this could be a meteor, potentially coinciding with the Zaniah meteor shower or the star eta Virginis.

Serrateix (Berguedà), January 14, 1247

This account, from the *Necrologia serratexensis monasterii*, describes a great radius of fire in the sky above the church of Sant Pere de Serrateix. The phenomenon divided into two parts near the ground and disappeared. The description is considered to fit well with that of a meteorite.

Catalonia, December 26, 1348

Based on the *Chronicon Estense* (annals from Ferrara, Italy), this event describes fire appearing in the sky from East to West, with three large stones falling from the sky in Catalonia. The text suggests this might describe a meteor shower and the fall of three meteorites. The king mentioned is likely Pere IV.

Barcelona, November 6, 1459

Two sources, the *Dietaris de la Generalitat de Catalunya* and the *Dietari o Llibre de les Jornades* by Jaume Safont, document this event. It describes a very large and bright star with a great tail of fire and smoke, moving from the west to the east. The interpretation at the time was an omen of a prince's death and great wars. The description could also fit a comet or a meteor.

Barcelona, October 19, 1464

Another entry from the *Dietaris de la Generalitat de Catalunya* describes a large and bright star with a tail of fire and smoke, similar to the 1459 event. This occurred during a period of social and political unrest in Catalonia, including the Remença wars. The event was preceded by a severe storm and a possible earthquake. While interpreted as a sinister omen by astrologers, the description might also align with a meteor or comet.

Barcelona, December 27, 1471

This account from the *Dietaris de la Generalitat de Catalunya* describes a great signal of fire in the sky, large and bright, seen between 6 and 7 PM. It is suggested that this could be a meteor, possibly belonging to the Giacobinides (Draconides) or Geminides meteor showers.

Calonge (Baix Empordà), May 11, 1572 (or 1582)

This is one of the most detailed accounts, drawing from two sources: Fugger's letters and a manuscript by Francesc Castelló. The event involved a terrifying storm, a large cloud described as containing 'evil spirits' of various forms, followed by a column of fire and smoke. The phenomena caused damage to vegetation. Interpretations include a bolide causing terror, a comet, or an earthquake with a hurricane-like wind. The presence of multiple independent sources lends credibility to the event's occurrence, though its interpretation remains challenging.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The recurring theme throughout this issue is the historical fascination with and interpretation of unusual celestial events. The magazine highlights how these phenomena were often viewed through the lens of omens, religious beliefs, and superstition in medieval and early modern Catalonia. The editorial stance appears to be one of archival and analytical exploration, presenting historical records and offering potential scientific or historical explanations while acknowledging the difficulties in definitive interpretation. The publication aims to document these historical occurrences, contributing to the understanding of past perceptions of the sky and its phenomena.

This document is an excerpt from 'Papers d'Ovnis', issue number 3-4 from 2016-2017, published by CEI. It focuses on historical accounts of unusual celestial phenomena in Catalonia, primarily drawing from the 'Dietari' of Jeroni Pujades, a private diary from the early 17th century.

Celestial Event of November 4, 1602

The text details an observation made on the night of November 4, 1602, described as a large, bright, trail-like globe originating from the east, near Mongat or Mataró. This object moved over the mountains of Badalona, Montcada, Horta, and Collserola, and was visible near the monastery of Sant Hieronym de la Vall de Hebron. It appeared at nine o'clock at night and was observed until midnight. The description compares it to flames of fire with a tail, crossing arcs, and having colors similar to the sun, or the arc of Saint Martin. Witnesses included Bisbe Vidal and mossèn Dams. The author notes that this event is presented as a potential omen.

Interpretation of the 1602 Event

The article discusses the interpretation of this 1602 event. While some associate it with omens, the description itself, particularly the 'globe in the manner of a trail as large as a large, very bright clearing with flames of fire and a tail,' is suggested to fit the characteristics of a meteor. The duration of the phenomenon, lasting several hours, points towards a meteor shower. The text mentions that this account was considered an extraterrestrial UFO case about 30 years prior by Francesc Costa, who interpreted the 'globe-like trail' as a 'mother ship' from which smaller craft emerged.

Celestial Events of September 30, 1604

Another section details events from September 30, 1604, also from Jeroni Pujades' diary. Near the town of Pons, in the bishopric of Urgell, large squadrons of armed men were observed fighting in the air, low to the ground, with the sound of weapons. This was witnessed by people working on a lock who then alerted the town. Simultaneously, over and from the city of Barcelona, a large flock of birds, described as a 'branch,' was seen moving from the east towards the west. Additionally, over the monastery of Sant Hieronym de la Vall de Hebron, large beams of fire, described as bright bars, were observed, visible from land and sea, moving towards the mountains.

Interpretation of the 1604 Events

These 1604 events are presented as divine punishments by Pujades. However, the author notes that Pujades was not a direct witness but rather collected accounts from third parties. The aerial battle near Pons is analyzed, with speculation about whether the sound of weapons was heard by all or just a few, and whether it was a misperception or induced imagination. Possible explanations include a peculiar cloud formation, an electrical storm, or a meteorite causing a loud roar with fire and incandescent gases, resembling artillery. The possibility of an erroneous report of an aerial battle, similar to the Nuremberg event of 1561, is also considered. The description of the sun rising low could coincide with the position of the observed squadrons. Another possibility is a case similar to the Genoa event of August 1608, where human figures with scales and flying serpents were reportedly seen, though this Genoa event is later dismissed as likely fictional.

The second event in Barcelona is considered a possible misperception, unless an unknown species of bird is accepted. The third event, also in Barcelona, describes 'large beams of fire like bars, very bright,' which could be an electrical storm or globular lightning. These events of September 30, 1604, have been collectively termed the 'UFO battle of Catalonia.'

Celestial Event of July 3, 1642

The article then describes a 'supernatural vision' over Montserrat on the night of July 3, 1642, as reported by Father Josep Aguilera from Olesa de Montserrat. The account, found in the Parish Archive of Olesa de Montserrat, details a resplendent signal appearing over the mountains of Our Lady of Montserrat. It emerged from the direction of the apostles, elongated, and then formed a globe. After some time, a very large resplendence appeared over the mountains, lasting for about an hour. The report includes testimonies from several individuals, including Aularia Sala, Mariagna Font, Francesc Coli, Eularia Artessa, and Joana Cortessa, who described various aspects of the phenomenon, such as its globe-like shape, brightness, and duration.

Interpretation of the 1642 Event

The interpretation of the Montserrat event is considered doubtful. The description of divisions and unifications forming a globe, and the long duration (one quarter of an hour to one hour), are noted. The article suggests these might be different meteors, misinterpreted, or that the resplendences were not necessarily connected to the phenomena, or even caused by fires from a local meteor impact. The event has been associated with the 'UFO world' by journalist Josep Guijarro.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The recurring theme throughout the article is the examination of historical accounts of unexplained aerial phenomena in Catalonia. The editorial stance appears to be one of critical historical analysis, presenting the original accounts and then exploring various interpretations, from natural phenomena like meteors and auroras to more speculative UFO explanations. The article emphasizes the importance of primary sources like diaries and archives, while also acknowledging the challenges in interpreting these historical records due to potential misperceptions, third-party reporting, and the passage of time. The association of these events with the 'UFO world' is noted, suggesting a continued interest in such phenomena within the publication's scope.

Title: Nous Papers d'Ovnis
Issue: 3-4
Volume: 2016-2017
Publisher: CEI
Country: Spain
Language: Catalan

Article 1: Ovnis a la Catalunya del Nord (2011-2015) / Ufos in Northern Catalonia

Author: Jordi Ardanuy

This article summarizes basic information on 32 UFO cases from Northern Catalonia (specifically, 31 in Roussillon) collected by the CEI database between 2011 and 2015. This averages to 6.4 cases per year. The study indicates that two-thirds of these observations have a plausible explanation, predominantly globus (balloons), including Chinese lanterns, and misinterpreted aerial transit. The article compares the case density in Northern Catalonia with Southern Catalonia, noting a higher rate per capita and per square kilometer in the North, potentially due to the reporting efforts of GEIPAN in France and Ovni66 in Northern Catalonia.

Figure 1 illustrates the annual distribution of cases, showing relative constancy. It also highlights the distribution of cases in Perpignan, the capital of Roussillon, which accounts for 28.1% of the total cases. Most incidents occurred in this region, with one exception in Conflent.

Table 1 details the proposed explanations for the cases. 'Globus (incloses llanternes xineses)' accounts for 42.9% of explained cases, followed by 'Artefacte òptic' (optical artifact) and 'Dirigible o globus aerostàtic' (dirigible or aerostatic balloon), each at 9.5%. Other explanations include 'Trànsit aeri mal interpretat' (misinterpreted aerial transit), 'Estació Espacial Internacional' (International Space Station), 'Frau conscient o inconscient. CEI' (conscious or unconscious deception. CEI), 'Llums vehicles' (vehicle lights), and 'Visió pertorbada i automistificació' (disturbed vision and self-deception).

Table 2 lists the dates and locations of the observations between 2011 and 2015, primarily in the Rosselló region, with a few in Conflent. The times of observation vary, with some occurring at night.

Only 6 cases included audiovisual or photographic evidence, but in two of these, the material was deemed unusable by the authors. In two other cases, the explanation was clearly related to optical artifacts.

Article 2: El grup de savis de Reus i aquella cosa dels platets voladors / The group of Reus' wises and that thing of the flying saucers

Author: Jordi Ardanuy

This article recounts the relationship of Josep Gort and Ramon Botet, from the so-called 'Grup de savis de Reus' (Group of Sages of Reus), with the themes of extraterrestrials, astronautics, and flying saucers. The group, also known as 'mestres paperinaires' (master pamphleteers), was active in the 1960s and 70s, engaging in social and cultural agitation in Reus through humorous and sometimes histrionic proposals.

The core of the group consisted of Josep M. Gort and Ramon Botet, joined by Lluís Anglès Sugrañes and Francesc Martí Queixalós, forming the GAMBA (Gort, Anglès, Martí, Botet i Associats). They were not a closed group and sometimes collaborated with Francesc Sabater Lasheras, Francesc Salvat «Jorigú», and Antoni Panadès.

GAMBA organized various events, including the 'Miss Petardo' contest, which satirized beauty pageants, and a rapid poetry contest. Their most celebrated event was 'Speteck', initiated by Gort, Botet, and Anglès with the help of pyrotechnician Manolo Solís. On December 28, 1957, they launched the first Speteck rocket from Plaça del Mercadal, a parody of the Soviet Sputnik. This event was preceded by a parade and became the center of a street festival for over a decade, during a time when carnival was prohibited. The Speteck event was followed by spontaneous and transgressive celebrations, with a festive procession of cars circulating through the city streets.

Figure 2 shows a photograph of Antoni Panadès Aguadé and Ramon Botet, with Francesc Salvat and Francesc Sabater in the background. Figure 3 displays a photograph of the Speteck medal from 1955.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The magazine consistently explores UFO phenomena, historical sightings, and related cultural phenomena. The editorial stance appears to be one of serious investigation and documentation, presenting data, analysis, and historical context. There is a clear interest in cataloging and explaining sightings, while also acknowledging unexplained cases. The inclusion of historical figures and cultural movements related to the unexplained suggests a broad approach to the subject matter.

Citations

The issue includes extensive citations, referencing various books, articles, and online sources related to UFOs, historical accounts, and local history. Notable references include works by Victor von Klarwill, Jordi Barceló, Pere Carner, Jeroni Pujades, Hubert Anson Newton, Peter Jenniskens, Francesc Costa, Diego Cuoghi, Álvaro Anula Pulido, and Josep Guijarro. The citations also include references to previous issues of 'Nous Papers d'Ovnis'.

This issue of "Papers d'Ovnis" (CEI) from 2016-2017, specifically number 3-4, delves into the lives and connections of two notable Catalan figures, Josep Maria Gort Sardà and Ramon Botet Pallarès, exploring their contributions to literature, journalism, and their intriguing involvement with the topic of UFOs.

Josep Maria Gort Sardà: A Multifaceted Personality

The article dedicates significant attention to Josep M. Gort Sardà (1912-1972), describing him as a versatile individual from Reus. He was a journalist, writer, filmmaker, and a promoter of diverse activities. His family owned a newsstand, and he obtained his journalism credentials during the Republican era. Post-Civil War, he balanced his work at the newsstand with correspondent duties for various publications, including "Deportes de València," "Diario de Barcelona," and "La Mañana de Lleida."

In the late 1940s, Gort began publishing pamphlets. Some were about local figures, others were humorous, and some addressed contemporary events, written in both Spanish and Catalan. His most recognized work is "L'elefant torrat," written in 1954 and published posthumously in 1974. This work is described as a portrait of his society, capturing absurd and often surreal everyday situations.

A substantial part of his public persona was marked by local action-based surrealism, which aimed to "destabilize, without apparent political connotations, the established order of a dictatorial regime that needed to control public space." This approach led to censorship issues. To critique local events, he often used veiled chronicles in his collaborations with newspapers outside Reus, such as "La Hoja del Lunes de Lleida." In 1951, he was fined 500 pesetas for activities deemed subversive.

His establishment was among the first to revive the tradition of Sant Jordi with a bookstall in front of his newsstand. It was also the first in Reus to display the national flag on April 23rd.

A Humorous Booklet on Martians

In 1955, Gort published "Yo, el primer visitante del planeta Marte" (Figure 3). This fictional work uses deliberately verbose language and tropes that are difficult to interpret sixty years later. The 32-page booklet humorously recounts his visit to Mars, describing surreal encounters with strange, carnivorous beings and being taken aboard a flying saucer. The Martians are depicted as living underground, with four ears, and subsisting on each other, with a taste for salted ham.

The author implies that his return to Earth was a secret shared only with his friends Ramon Botet Pallarès and Manolo Solís Pascual, with whom he planned to write a monumental work about Mars.

The booklet, beyond its surreal nature, highlights the interest in flying saucers during an era of naive effervescence on the topic. Gort personally distributed copies of this work using a shop cart.

Ramon Botet Pallarès: Engineer and Radioesthesist

Ramon Botet (1908-198?) was an engineer from Barcelona who settled in Reus by the late 1940s. In 1950, he joined the Industrial Assistants Corps of the Tarragona delegation. He also examined driving test candidates. Botet was also known as a dowser and was reportedly successful in radioesthesy. His sense of humor led him to make predictions that attracted attention. Tomás Sastre Rubio notes that Botet's pendulum was used to guess football match outcomes or lotteries.

His most famous prediction was about the birth of the first child of Rainier III of Monaco and Grace Kelly, which generated significant public interest. He correctly predicted it would be a girl, contrary to most predictions, and that she would be born earlier than doctors expected.

Botet and Extraterrestrials

Tomás Sastre recounts that in 2009, Botet owned a property near Botarell with a fig tree adorned with lights and cables, resembling a Christmas tree. He used this setup to "contact" Martians, experiencing strange noises and flashing lights. Botet would speak to them in Catalan, and his extraterrestrial friends would respond in their language, which only Botet could decipher. He would humorously announce that they were busy and to call back later.

Despite the playful nature, Ramon Botet believed flying saucers were real. In 1954, he told a group of engineer friends, including Eduardo Rubio, that he would build a flying saucer. J. M. Gort's comic booklet mentions Botet traveling in his own craft.

This news eventually spread and was published in the Catalan and Spanish press. Botet was interviewed by various media outlets. He explained to a correspondent from "Diario Español" that the idea was to build a 1.80-meter diameter model to practically demonstrate the existence of these craft. He also mentioned experiments to induce rain with silver iodide. However, it seems he never built the saucer due to a lack of budget.

In 1968, "El Noticiero Universal" reported that Botet had spent three months near Calafell studying "UFOs" and, upon returning to Reus, publicly declared on a radio station that he had contact with the occupants of "flying saucers" and had even conversed with them in Catalan. He even cited a reporter from the station to record these conversations on magnetic tape.

In 1978, he published a small monograph on dowsing, including a chapter on UFOs, which is translated in this article. He considered extraterrestrial origin probable and suggested contact through transcommunication using radioesthesy.

"A la ufologia" (On Ufology)

Ufology is defined as the science that studies unidentified flying objects. The term originates from the English UNIDENTIFIED FLYING OBJECT (UFO).

Professor James E. McDonald of the University of Tucson, Arizona, studied the problem of UFOs and proposed eight hypotheses:

1. Hoaxes, delusions, and false news.
2. Hallucinations and collective hysteria.
3. Incorrect interpretations by laypeople of well-known physical phenomena.
4. Examples of advanced, semi-secret technology.
5. Little-known physical phenomena.
6. Little-known psychological phenomena.
7. Extraterrestrial craft intended for reconnaissance missions.
8. Spacecraft bringing messengers whose purpose is our salvation and the dissemination of hidden truths.

After rejecting most hypotheses, McDonald concluded that "the extraterrestrial hypothesis is the least unsatisfactory of all of them." The article's authors agree, stating that UFOs exist and it is difficult to deny the numerous clear and concrete facts and cases cited by the eminent Catalan scientist Antoni Ribera in his book "Proceso a los OVNI." Therefore, the existence of UFOs can be affirmed as certain.

Detection and Contact

There are diverse opinions regarding UFO detection. While approximate dates for their visits are programmed, based on coincidences with Mars' oppositions, there might be a two or three-month error. Dr. Henyer, a professor of psychiatry and a detractor of UFO existence, considers the problem psychologically, suggesting that the stimulus for flying saucers originates from the witness's own mental processes. However, the article posits that UFO detection using radioesthesic means is possible, given the psychic nature of the problem intimately linked to human extrasensory abilities.

The article proposes attempting contact with possible UFO occupants through radioesthesic procedures. Just as radio signals of unknown origin are received, it is suggested that a pendulum or dowsing rod might move where electrical, magnetic, and even radar detection systems have failed to register. If the nature of UFO energy is unknown, it can only be determined through our own sensitivity.

As a curiosity, the article mentions a series of voices, seemingly produced by a computer, recorded on magnetic tape during interviews between Uri Geller and Dr. Andrija Puharic. These voices claim to be extraterrestrial sources using Geller to demonstrate new energy currents. Geller confirmed these communications but found it difficult for anyone to believe them.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

This issue of "Papers d'Ovnis" focuses on biographical accounts intertwined with the phenomenon of unidentified flying objects. It highlights the work and beliefs of Catalan individuals like Josep M. Gort Sardà and Ramon Botet Pallarès, who, despite living in different eras and having different backgrounds, both engaged with the concept of extraterrestrial visitation and advanced technology. The editorial stance appears to be one of open inquiry into UFO phenomena, presenting various perspectives and historical accounts while leaning towards the acceptance of UFO existence based on cited evidence and scientific hypotheses, particularly the extraterrestrial hypothesis. The magazine also touches upon the cultural context of UFO interest in Spain during the mid-20th century and the role of local media and publications in disseminating these ideas.

Title: Nous Papers d'Ovnis
Issue: 3-4
Volume: 2016-2017
Publisher: CEI
Country: Spain
Language: Catalan

This issue of "Nous Papers d'Ovnis" (New UFO Papers) features articles related to unidentified flying phenomena (UFOs) and atmospheric events, with a focus on historical occurrences in Catalonia, Spain.

Article: A conference on unidentified flying phenomena by Rafael Subirana at the Agrupació Astronòmica de Sabadell in November 1967

This section details a lecture given by Rafael Subirana on November 11, 1967, at the Agrupació Astronòmica de Sabadell. The conference, titled "Un fenomen atmosfèric: Remolins de foc del cel" (An atmospheric phenomenon: swirls of fire from the sky), was part of a broader discussion on unidentified flying phenomena in the history of Sabadell. The Agrupació Astronòmica Sabadell, founded in 1960, is described as an active association of amateur astronomers with over 1,000 members. Its history, including its various headquarters and activities, is outlined. Rafael Subirana is mentioned as having joined the group and later becoming a historian, archaeologist, and conservator.

The article also references a previous publication mentioning Ramon Botet and radiesthesia, and a tragic conference by Màrius Lleget on June 19, 1972, which ended with the deaths of two attendees. The text reproduced in this issue is extracted from a 1980 tribute book titled "Rafael Subirana i Ollé. Obra sabadellenca: 1953-1978". Subirana, like many amateur astronomers, did not believe that extraterrestrial spacecraft were behind the phenomenon of flying saucers.

Article: An Atmospheric phenomenon: swirls of fire from the sky by Rafael Subirana Ollé

This article, originally presented by Rafael Subirana Ollé, describes a strange phenomenon that occurred on May 24, 1887, in Sabadell. A gardener witnessed a luminous cloud touch the ground, followed by two explosions that affected his vegetable garden. The author proposes a meteorological explanation for the event.

The phenomenon began around mid-morning when residents of the area near the Renfe "Nord" station witnessed an extraordinary illumination. The event took place in gardens located between the train tracks and the streets near the Covadonga street exit. A gardener, resting in his garden, saw a cloud of a whitish-grey color, shaped like a globe about a meter long and half a meter wide, descending rapidly and vertically. Upon touching the ground, it caused an explosion and a dense, luminous smoke. The glowing cloud then moved rapidly northeast, parallel to a wall, where it produced a second, stronger explosion and more mist before ascending vertically and disappearing.

At the site of the first explosion, the affected plants were left leaning in the direction the luminous cloud had moved. The second explosion, occurring in a planted area, was accompanied by a strong wind and dust, causing all plants in the vicinity to move violently. The gardener experienced a shock and nervousness but was unharmed. The neighbors were also deeply impressed.

Initially, some speculated it might have been a meteorite, but the absence of debris or impact craters led to confusion. A neighbor suggested contacting the meteorological service of the Escoles Pies. The observatory's representative explained that the phenomenon was likely a type of atmospheric manifestation, possibly a luminous, circular cloud formed by swirling solar particles. This explanation was later confirmed by Dr. Eduard Fontseré, director of the Meteorological Service of Catalonia.

The article delves into the potential causes, suggesting electrical emanations condensing into gases that form a dense, luminous cloud. The cloud's descent is influenced by its density relative to the air. If it encounters air of similar density, it can be temporarily suspended before disappearing. The phenomenon can also produce strong wind whirls and explosions, potentially capable of melting metal and carbonizing plants and animals.

It is noted that atmospheric layers have different temperatures and act independently, which can contribute to the formation of strange phenomena. The fusion of cold and warm layers under pressure can create intense radiation. The luminous effects are not solely dependent on the sun or moon, as demonstrated by polar auroras and electrical discharges during thunderstorms.

The article also mentions three similar luminous globes observed around Sabadell in recent years, differing in color (bluish) and intensity. These phenomena were accompanied by mist or luminous smoke but did not result in explosions. One was observed near an electrical transformation building, another moved rapidly towards the zenith, and the third descended towards the Togores woods.

Finally, the author distinguishes these atmospheric phenomena from extraterrestrial objects, explaining that fragments from space, like "shooting stars," transform upon entering the atmosphere. The luminous radiation propagates from solar matter and can be transformed by different atmospheric materials. The Earth's atmosphere is considered an electric field, and positive potential differences during good weather can produce visible luminosities even in daylight.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The magazine consistently explores UFO sightings and related atmospheric phenomena, often grounding these discussions in historical accounts and scientific explanations, particularly meteorological ones. There is a clear interest in documenting local history related to these events, as seen with the focus on Sabadell. The editorial stance appears to be one of open inquiry, presenting detailed accounts and expert opinions while maintaining a critical perspective, as exemplified by Rafael Subirana's skepticism towards extraterrestrial explanations for UFOs.

This issue of 'Nous Papers d'Ovnis' (2016-2017, Numbers 3-4) is dedicated to an obituary for Eugeni Danyans, a former member of the Centre d'Estudis Interplanetaris (CEI), who passed away in January 2017. The magazine also features a reprint of one of Danyans' articles from 1964, an account of the Cordon Cooper UFO sighting, and an article on the cryptozoological creature known as the snallygaster.

Obituary for Eugeni Danyans

The obituary highlights Eugeni Danyans' lifelong interest in flying saucers and extraterrestrials, noting his particular concern about the potential challenge extraterrestrial life posed to Christian religions. Despite a period of tension that led him to leave the CEI, Danyans remained dedicated to the subject. He collaborated with Màrius Lleget and Antoni Ribera to establish the Centre coordinator d'objectes no identificats (Investigative Commission) in 1963, an initiative presented as an alternative to the 'convulsive' CEI of the late Eduardo Buelta era. Danyans contributed to various publications, including 'Revista Europa', 'Algo', and 'Cíclople: La Incognita del Espacio'. His published works on ufology include 'Platillos Volantes en la Antigüedad: ¿Hacia una teología cósmica?' (1967) and 'Los platillos volantes y la Biblia' (1975). His broader literary output, published by CLIE, focused on Christian literature and biblical studies, such as 'Proceso a la Biblia de los Testigos de Jehová' (1971) and 'Respuestas bíblicas y doctrinales a los Testigos de Jehová' (2014). Danyans also had a strong vocation for teaching, founding and directing the Liceo Gamaliel school. The obituary emphasizes his kindness, good manners, and generous willingness to assist the CEI.

'L'altra astronàutica' (The Other Astronautics) by Eugeni Danyans

This section reprints an article by Eugeni Danyans from January 1964. In it, Danyans discusses the recent founding of a UFO study center in Barcelona and posits that extraterrestrial spacecraft are monitoring Earth's advancements in astronautics. He explains that the Centre coordinator d'objectes no identificats (Investigative Commission) aims to coordinate UFO observations globally through rigorous statistical control, facilitating information exchange with international research bodies. The article mentions initial information received from centers in Bahia Blanca (Argentina) and Buenos Aires, as well as bulletins from the Société d'Astronomie Populaire (France), the National Investigating Comitee on Aerial Phenomena (USA), and the Flying Saucer Review (UK). Danyans also references a letter from Roy Blanchard and a report from a county sheriff confirming a mysterious crater caused by an extraterrestrial landing.

He further elaborates on the concept of 'super-astronautics' by 'them,' suggesting that rational extraterrestrial life forms are observing Earth's space activities. Danyans cites an incident on June 7, 1947, at White Sands, New Mexico, where an expert in rockets, RB McLaughlin, witnessed two disc-shaped objects accompanying a V-2 rocket at high speed, an event observed by base personnel.

The Secret of Major Cooper

This article details an incident involving astronaut Cordon Cooper. According to an official report revealed through a newsletter, Cooper allegedly encountered a UFO while in orbit around Earth. A NASA official's denial of the event, which contrasted with Cooper's usual openness, fueled speculation. The report, broadcast by NBC, described Cooper seeing a mysterious green light with a red tail over Australia during his 15th orbit. This phenomenon was reportedly confirmed by the Tracking Station in Muchea and witnessed by others in Australia. The object was described as having a reddish propulsion and controlling Cooper's orbital flight. The initial NBC report aired on May 16, 1963. Despite the initial report, Cooper made no public statement about the UFO. NICAP contacted the Manned Spacecraft Center, which responded that the report was an 'error' and that Cooper preferred not to answer questions. Subsequent investigations by NICAP and Idabel Epperson, corroborated by the West Australian newspaper, confirmed that Cooper had indeed seen a UFO. The object was observed traveling north of Perth at an altitude of approximately 100 miles, moving from east to west, contrary to Cooper's west-to-east trajectory. The sighting was witnessed by personnel at the Muchea Tracking Station, police, journalists, and Australian citizens. The object was visible for two minutes. The data collected regarding the object's trajectory, altitude, and speed suggested it was not a meteor, weather balloon, or artificial satellite. The article concludes that Cooper was officially silenced by the US Air Force due to 'top secret' pressure.

About Snallygasters

This article, authored by Javier Ruiz and Jordi Ardanuy, discusses the snallygaster, a mythical creature described as a dragon-like beast inhabiting central Maryland and the Washington D.C. metropolitan area. Its international popularity grew with its inclusion in Joanne Rowling's book 'Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them'. The origin of the snallygaster myth dates back to 1909, when local newspaper articles described encounters with a winged beast. However, it was later revealed that these reports were an elaborate hoax orchestrated by editor George C. Rhoderick and reporter Ralph S. Wolfe of the Middletown Valley Register to boost readership. The descriptions were inspired by German folklore and the tales of the 'Jersey Devil'.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The magazine consistently explores themes of UFOs, extraterrestrial life, and their potential implications, particularly concerning religious beliefs. The editorial stance appears to be one of open inquiry into unexplained phenomena, presenting both historical accounts and contemporary investigations. There is a clear interest in the historical development of ufology, as evidenced by the reprinting of Eugeni Danyans' 1964 article and the discussion of early UFO cases like the Cordon Cooper sighting. The inclusion of cryptozoology, as seen in the snallygaster article, broadens the scope of unexplained phenomena covered. The publication also demonstrates a commitment to documenting the work and contributions of individuals within the ufological community, such as Eugeni Danyans.

This issue of "Papers d'Ovnis" (UFO Papers), published by CEI, covers the period 2016-2017 and features articles on both historical folklore and contemporary UFO sightings. The cover prominently displays "Monsters of Maryland" by Ed Okonowicz, suggesting a focus on cryptids and legends.

The Snallygaster Legend

The issue delves into the legend of the Snallygaster, a creature from Maryland. It explains that the term originates from 'snollygaster,' a corruption of the German 'schnelle geister' (swift spirits). The legend suggests that German emigrants may have brought the tale to the area. The Snallygaster is described as having reappeared in 1932 with new characteristics, including octopus-like tentacles and the ability to change color. Sightings were reported from South Mountain in Washington County. The article notes that the phenomenon was compared to flying saucers in 1947, as reported by The Baltimore Sun. A notable incident involved a Snallygaster drowning in a vat of malt in 1932, with its skeleton being the only remains. Another report from Westminster in 1944 described a panic caused by a 'new' Snallygaster, which was later identified as a wild cat. The legend also includes the idea of eggs hatching after 15-20 years.

UFO Sightings in Spain

The magazine also features several reports of UFO sightings in Spain:

UFO Recorded on Video in Reus (2016)

On July 19, 2016, local ufologist Dani Ransanz and his partner Laura Corredor recorded a UFO in Reus, Spain. The event was published by Reusdigital. The images, captured during the day, lasted a minute and a half and showed a poorly defined 'object.' Ransanz also mentioned seeing a 'huge blue ball' on previous occasions and suggested a possible 'biospheric presence' in the atmosphere, describing them as living organisms visible nightly. Another reader, Roger Rey, also shared a recording from April 2016 in Reus.

A UFO Case in Bisbal de Falset (1913)

Citing Juan José Benítez's book "Sòlo para tus ojos," the magazine recounts a UFO sighting from August 1913 in Bisbal de Falset, Priorat, Spain. The account, passed down through Francesc Masip, describes Concepció witnessing a large, circular, illuminated 'cloud' moving slowly over the town around 3 AM. It was also seen by her husband, Josep. The phenomenon predates helicopters.

Another UFO in Reus (2017)

According to Diari de Tarragona, police in Reus investigated a UFO sighting near the Santuari de la Misericòrdia on February 9, 2017. Witnesses reported a flying object emitting light and colored sparks, described as a large donut-shaped circle with flashes of white and orange light. The object moved towards the mountains. The local police sent patrols, but initially considered it might be a star or Venus due to the clear sky.

The Diari de Tarragona Reports a UFO over La Mussara (2017)

On March 28, 2017, Oscar Rodríguez, a photography enthusiast from Reus, observed and recorded a UFO over La Mussara, Vilaplana. He described it as a light with intense color flickers and continuous movement. The Diari de Tarragona also noted that other readers had contacted them with unexplained photographic observations. The event was potentially identified as a bolide by AstroGirona, which posted a photo on Twitter. The sighting was also reported by residents in Terrassa, Badalona, Girona, and Sant Feliu de Llobregat.

Notes and References

The issue includes a detailed notes section citing various books and articles related to Maryland folklore and UFO investigations, including works by Ed Okonowicz, Patrick Boyton, Susan Fair, Trevor J. Blank, David J. Puglia, and Thomas John Chew Williams. It also references specific newspaper articles from The Baltimore Sun and Reusdigital, as well as the Diari de Tarragona.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The recurring themes in this issue are the intersection of folklore and unexplained phenomena, particularly the Snallygaster legend and its parallels with modern UFO sightings. The magazine presents witness accounts, historical records, and photographic/video evidence, suggesting an open stance towards investigating and documenting paranormal and extraterrestrial events. The editorial stance appears to be one of reporting and exploring these phenomena without necessarily endorsing any single explanation, while providing context through historical and folkloric references.

Title: Nous Papers d'Ovnis
Issue: 3-4
Volume: 2016-2017
Date: 2016-2017
Publisher: CEI
Country: Spain
Language: Catalan

This issue of "Nous Papers d'Ovnis" presents a selection of articles from the CEI (Centre d'Estudis Interplanetaris) blog covering the years 2016-2017, along with historical UFO and luminous phenomenon reports.

Article 1: Light cannon causes request of information about UFO in Barcelona (January 2017)

This article details an event from January 2017 where Vicente Juan Ballester Olmos received a video from Andrés Martínez Díaz, director of the Library Coordination Unit, requesting a qualified opinion on its content. The video, recorded in Barcelona on January 12, 2017, between 9 and 10 PM by Antonio Petry Martínez, shows an elliptical light reflected in the clouds moving in a closed radial trajectory. Ballester Olmos contacted the video's author, who stated the full recording was about 25 minutes long, with a visual observation of approximately one hour. The images were captured from his home window with his wife. The author sent an 11-minute copy to an investigator from Valencia, who suggested it was likely the illumination from a reflector or light cannon. The accompanying image (Figure 1) supports this explanation.

Article 2: UFO sighting in the surroundings of Llers in 1976

This report recounts a UFO sighting from 1976 near Llers, in the Alt Empordà region of Spain, previously unreported. The event occurred when Prim Duxans, his wife Àngels, and their ten-year-old daughter Neus were driving in a Seat 600 towards Sant Llorenç de la Muga after a holiday. As they drove on a straight stretch of road after Llers, a circular object, described as resembling a circus tent, appeared to their right at about 500 meters. The witnesses felt fear and uncertainty. The object moved alongside them at approximately 70-80 km/h, maintaining a constant altitude. Suddenly, it made a sharp right-angle turn and disappeared north towards France. Prim Duxans later admitted to considering it might be a helicopter, but the intense light, which eclipsed the car's headlights, made this unlikely. He also noted that the silence of the night would have made any helicopter rotor noise audible. The object reappeared about five minutes later near Terrades, at a location known as La Virosella. The intense white light made it difficult to discern its exact nature. Duxans' wife expressed anxiety and suggested turning back, but they did not. The object then ascended at an "impossible speed" and disappeared in a north-westerly direction. The witnesses described it as a "giant disc of two hundred meters."

Article 3: Neighbors of Sant Celoni see UFOs, according to Nació Digital (June 2017)

This article reports on a sighting of unidentified flying objects (UFOs) by residents of Sant Celoni on June 19, 2017, around 9 PM. According to Nació Digital Baix Montseny, the objects were observed in the area between the Les Borrelles neighborhood and the Mossos d'Esquadra (Catalan police). The witnesses stated that the objects made no noise, had no lights, and left no exhaust. They also maintained a constant speed and relative distance throughout the observation. The witnesses speculated they might have been drones, but noted they would have had to be very large. The report includes a link to the original Nació Digital article.

Article 4: Luminous Bodies leaving the sea, in England (November 1776)

This section presents a historical account from a letter dated November 10, 1776, from Whitby, England. Between 6 and 7 PM, several inhabitants witnessed a strange phenomenon in the port: more than twenty luminous bodies, resembling lantern candles, moved slowly and regularly along the west side of the pier towards the sea. They maintained a distance of about four to five yards from each other, forming a direct line. Three of these lights stayed closer to the pier, lagging behind the rest, but eventually rejoined them. The lights were observed moving in a north-north-east direction in a regular formation for about an hour, maintaining their course and order. The wind was blowing from the south-south-east. The author leaves it to experts to explain the phenomenon but asserts the reality of the events. The report is attributed to Derby Mercury County (Derbyshire).

Article 5: Curious phenomenon in the surroundings of Bouzillé (February 1846)

This article describes a curious phenomenon observed in the vicinity of Bouzillé, France, in February 1846, during a very dark night. A brilliant light suddenly appeared, initially thought to be a large fire. However, looking towards the west, observers were surprised to see a luminous body in the lower part of the sky, resembling a crescent moon but of colossal dimensions, oriented parallel to the horizon and facing the ground. This phenomenon was witnessed for over three-quarters of an hour before suddenly disappearing as if covered by a thick cloud. The source is cited as "El Ebro", No. 10, p. 37, January 11, 1846.

Article 6: Mysterious Lights (March 1875)

This report discusses mysterious lights observed off the west coast of Wales. It mentions earlier reports from the 15th and 16th centuries. In January 1694, the rector of Dolgelley wrote about 16 haystacks and 2 barns burning due to an "ignited exhalation" from the sea. The article then focuses on a letter from Mr. Picton Jones, published in "Bye-gones" (p. 198), describing curious lights seen in Pwllheli in March 1875. More recently, declarations from Tywyn describe lights of various colors frequently seen over the mouth of the Dysynni river and the sea, generally moving north but sometimes hugging the shore and moving at high speed towards Aberdovey before suddenly disappearing. The article questions whether any authority on natural phenomena can provide information.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The magazine consistently features reports of unexplained aerial phenomena, ranging from recent sightings in Spain to historical accounts from England, France, and Wales. The editorial stance appears to be one of documenting and presenting these events, often citing eyewitness testimony and media reports, while leaving the interpretation to the reader or experts. There is a clear interest in both contemporary and historical cases, suggesting a belief in the ongoing nature of such phenomena across different eras and locations.

Title: Papers d'Ovnis
Issue: 3-4
Volume: 2016-2017
Date: 2016-2017
Publisher: Nous Papers d'Ovnis | CEI
Language: Catalan

This issue of Papers d'Ovnis presents a compilation of historical accounts of unexplained aerial phenomena, categorized by the time elapsed since the event: "Fa 120 anys" (120 years ago), "Fa 90 anys" (90 years ago), "Fa 70 anys" (70 years ago), and "Fa 60 anys" (60 years ago).

Fa 120 anys: El globus misteriós (The Mysterious Globe)

This section details a series of sightings from 1897. Residents in cities between Omaha and Chicago reported a bright light in the sky moving at approximately 100 kilometers per hour towards Washington. While astronomers suggested it might be the star Alpha, or a meteor, the secretary of the Chicago Aeronautical Association, Mr. Harmar, declared it to be the electric projector of an aerial apparatus built by Professor Chanute. The New York Herald of Paris considered this version the most plausible. The object was described as a "fireball" with capricious horizontal and vertical movements, leading to speculation that it did not belong to our planetary system. Further reports mentioned the object projecting beams of light onto Chicago. One account describes a photograph of a cigar-shaped machine, about 10 meters long, hovering in the air 700-800 meters above Rogers Park, Chicago. This new aerial apparatus reportedly had no sails or wings, with a cylindrical upper part and a basket suspended below. A letter from aboard the "Pegasus" dated April 9, 1897, claimed the problem of aerial navigation was solved, with the craft reaching speeds of 250 km/h and altitudes of 2,500 feet. The "Pegasus" was allegedly built in an isolated location in Tennessee, with parts brought from Kentucky. The article notes that the "Pegasus" was powered by steam and illuminated by electricity, capable of carrying up to 500 kilograms. The letter lacked a signature, and the report suggests it might be an invention. A telegram dated April 16 from Waterloo, Iowa, reported the mysterious vessel landing nearby with only one man on board, causing a deep impression in the city. Professor Willis Moore, head of the Washington meteorological cabinet, expressed skepticism, suggesting it might be a prank involving chemical products.

Title: Papers d'Ovnis
Issue: 3-4
Publication Period: 2016-2017
Date Referenced: July 13, 1957
Publisher: CEI (Centre d'Estudis Interplanetaris)
Language: Catalan

Content Summary

This issue of *Papers d'Ovnis* features a brief report referencing an article from the *Diari de Girona* dated July 13, 1957. The article discusses a 'flying saucer' sighting and the diverse reactions and interpretations it generated among the public.

A gentleman reading the newspaper suggested it was a satellite launched by the Americans. An old astronomy enthusiast proposed it was a solar particle displaced from another system. A humorist humorously stated it was the satellite launched by 'la Codo' (likely a playful reference). A merchant dismissed it as 'nothing'. An athlete speculated it was propaganda for the Tour de France, and a poet poetically described it as 'a star that has committed suicide'.

The publication notes that this small event was thus broken down for all tastes, and they considered it a brief item worthy of inclusion in the newspaper.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The primary theme is the interpretation of unidentified aerial phenomena (UAP) and the varied public responses to such events. The editorial stance appears to be one of documenting these interpretations, even the more whimsical or dismissive ones, as part of the historical record of UFO sightings. The inclusion of diverse opinions, from the scientific to the artistic and the mundane, highlights how a single event can be perceived and explained in multiple ways by different individuals.