NIVFO-Bulletin - 1988 No 4-5

Magazine Overview

Title: NIVFO bulletin
Issue: 4/5
Volume: 8
Date: 1988-04-05
Publisher: NIVFO (Norsk Institutt for Vitenskapelig Forskning og Opplysning)
Country: Norway
Language: Norwegian
ISSN: 0800-0360

This issue of NIVFO bulletin, dated April/May 1988, marks its eighth year of publication. The magazine positions itself as a corrective force against wishful thinking and pseudoscience, particularly those backed by pseudoscientific claims. The cover prominently features a headline about a "person with supernatural" and a large sum of money (50,000 Krone) from Bergen Bank, hinting at a story about the US government allegedly paying psychics and telekinetics to build a psychic arsenals against Soviet mentalists, sparking a 'arms races' between charlatans.

Articles and Content

Leder'n (The Leader)

The editorial reflects on NIVFO's eighth year, noting modest circulation but significant impact as a counterpoint to pseudoscience. It mentions the stopping of several dubious advertisements by consumer protection and health authorities. The planned European tour of skeptic James Randi, though postponed due to illness, involved extensive preparatory work by NIVFO Oslo. The editorial also highlights the debunking of the Shroud of Turin as a fake and the temporary suspension of the Norwegian UFO organization. Looking ahead, the bulletin promises to cover the phenomenon of 'ghost planes' and 'ghost rockets' that appeared in Scandinavia before the term UFO was coined.

Tankevåpen (Mind Weapons)

This extensive article delves into the US government's alleged funding of research into psychic abilities for military purposes, driven by fears of Soviet advancements in 'psychotronic warfare.' It cites a 1978 DIA study that speculated on Soviet capabilities to access classified documents, influence leaders, cause death remotely, and disable US equipment. The article references Lt. Col. John B. Alexander's 1980 Military Review article, "The New Mental Battlefield: Beam me Up, Spock," which claimed the existence of mind-powered weapons and the ability to transfer illness or death remotely. It also mentions the alleged involvement of Uri Geller in spoon-bending demonstrations. The article discusses how agencies like ONI, DIA, and CIA have funded psychic research for decades, albeit with modest budgets. It touches upon the US Air Force's consideration of a 'psychic shield' and the Navy's investment in a 'Multispectral Image Analyzer Station' from Charles Whitehouse, who later moved to Thailand and was suspected of using his machine to 'cure' cancer patients. The article also details how a Navy commander allegedly used psychic means and horoscopes to track Soviet submarines and missiles, with the Navy admitting to paying Stanford Research Institute (SRI) to investigate the ability to perceive faint electromagnetic stimuli.

Markedsføringen av boken "Dianetik" av Ron Hubbard (The Marketing of the Book "Dianetics" by Ron Hubbard)

This section details a complaint filed by NIVFO and others with the Norwegian Consumer Ombudsman regarding advertisements for Ron Hubbard's book 'Dianetics.' The Ombudsman's office reviewed the case, examining brochures about Scientology and L. Ron Hubbard, a sociological study of Scientology members, and personal testimonials. While acknowledging that Scientology is considered a religion, the Ombudsman found the provided material insufficient to substantiate the advertising claims for 'Dianetics.' The article also references other cases (802 and 1531.88) where NIVFO requested an assessment of 'Dianetics' advertisements under marketing law.

Anti-Vitenskap på TV (Anti-Science on TV)

This article criticizes a Central Television 'Starting Science' series for schoolchildren that presented pseudoscientific practices like dowsing (using a pendulum to find water) and predicting the sex of chicks with a pendulum as legitimate scientific procedures. The author argues that the program failed to mention that these methods have not been scientifically validated and have consistently failed in tests. The article questions the educational value of such programs and suggests they might be intended to foster gullibility or expose the flaws in children's critical thinking.

Tvilsomt Undervisningsprogram i TV (Dubious Educational Program on TV)

This piece discusses a TV program featuring psychologist Rune Amundsen discussing 'near-death experiences' (NDEs). The article notes that while Amundsen has written a book on the subject, the program allegedly omitted data suggesting that children's NDEs differ from adults' (e.g., seeing teachers or classmates instead of deceased relatives) and that drugs can induce such experiences. NIVFO has reportedly sent a letter to NRK (Norwegian Broadcasting Corporation) regarding this omission.

Naturmedisin: Risiko for Leverskader (Naturopathy: Risk of Liver Damage)

This short report from Sweden's Socialstyrelsen (National Board of Health and Welfare) notes eight reports of side effects from a product called 'Sou Tsian Té,' marketed as a slimming agent. Four reports indicated liver damage, while others mentioned heart problems and general malaise. The article states that it is unclear if there is a connection, but doctors have been asked to report further observations.

Kvakksalveri: Barneleger mot Troshelbredelser (Quackery: Pediatricians Against Faith Healing)

This report highlights a statement from the American Academy of Pediatrics opposing the use of faith healing for children. It cites examples where parents' religious beliefs led to their children's deaths by foregoing medical treatment. The article notes that laws in 44 US states permit parents to deny medical care to their children based on religious motives.

Ny Leting etter Snømannen (New Search for the Snowman)

A brief news item reports that Soviet zoologists are heading to Siberia to search for the abominable snowman. They have found mammoth bones, and the expedition aims to follow in the footsteps of scientist Vladimir Pusjkarjov, who disappeared in the region. The search also includes looking for lost tourists.

Når Toalettet blir Romskip (When the Toilet Becomes a Spaceship)

This satirical piece mocks New Age claims, suggesting that an advertisement in 'Sökaren' offers the ability to travel through time and space via a toilet. It humorously notes that astrologers can provide such services for a fee, and that selling non-existent New Age services can lead to wealth.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The recurring themes in this issue of NIVFO Bulletin are the critical examination of pseudoscience, the debunking of paranormal claims, and the investigation of alleged government funding for psychic research, particularly in the context of military applications during the Cold War. The editorial stance is consistently skeptical and evidence-based, aiming to expose what it views as charlatanism, wishful thinking, and the misuse of science. The bulletin actively critiques media portrayals of pseudoscientific topics and advocates for scientific literacy.

This issue of UFO-NYT, dated 1/88, delves into a variety of unexplained phenomena, primarily focusing on light sightings and paranormal claims. The cover prominently features a report on a light phenomenon in Kvemo, Lier, Nord-Trøndelag, and a significant piece on the crisis facing Scientology in Norway. The magazine also includes detailed witness accounts of mysterious lights and a recurring figure referred to as the 'mysterious boy' in Denmark, alongside scientific discussions on quantum mechanics and skepticism towards paranormal claims.

Scientology in Crisis

The issue begins with a letter from Kjersti Graver questioning the scientific claims made in an advertisement for 'Dianetics,' citing marketing law regulations. This is followed by a report from Sweden, via Dagens Nyheter, detailing the deep crisis faced by the Norwegian Scientology church. The article states that the church is on the verge of dissolution, with a court having ordered them to repay 450,000 kroner to a former member for worthless courses. The organization is facing multiple lawsuits, has had its phone disconnected due to unpaid bills, and is facing eviction. The report notes that Scientology in Norway once had an annual turnover of 30 million kroner but now has only a handful of members. The article quotes a member who acknowledges the crisis but highlights Scientology's past ability to survive due to significant resources and powerful international allies. It also mentions the formation of an association called 'Scientology Victims Support Association' (SOS) which has further complicated their work.

A subsequent section, referencing FRI (Föreningen Rädda Individen), discusses numerous defectors in Sweden who are seeking refunds for courses through legal channels, though it is expected that most cases will end in settlements rather than court rulings. The article suggests that Scientology is aware of how difficult it is for young people with significant debt to risk not only losing their money but also incurring legal costs.

The issue also includes a brief comment from NIVFO regarding a previous article in 'Programbladet' about a case, noting that a word was omitted in a sentence describing children's accounts.

Light Phenomenon at Kvemo

A significant portion of the magazine is dedicated to a light phenomenon observed by Solveig Kvemo (68) at Kvemo in Lierne, Nord-Trøndelag. On a Monday evening in April, she observed a light north of her farm. Initially mistaking it for the Northern Lights, she later saw it move closer and change shape. The light formed five square patterns, described as blank and flickering but not particularly sharp. These patterns then moved closer and grew larger before becoming stationary. From the central squares, something resembling rockets shot downwards. The side lights extinguished, while the central three descended and illuminated the trees before disappearing. The entire observation lasted about five minutes. The report emphasizes Kvemo's credibility as a sober and trustworthy individual. It is also mentioned that the evening before Kvemo's sighting, a functionary at the Lieme Social Security Office reported a light phenomenon west of Sandvika, about 10 km south of Kvemo, which resembled a cross. Furthermore, about 6-8 years prior, a family at Kvetangen observed a rectangular object moving low and 'tipping' over a valley approximately 3-4 km from Kvemo.

'Guru Beheading' Incident

A brief report from London details a former Hare Krishna sect member, John Tieman, who confessed to beheading his American guru, James Immel, with a kitchen knife, believing him to be 'antichrist.' Tieman pleaded not guilty to premeditated murder, claiming diminished responsibility. He was ordered to an indefinite term in a secure psychiatric hospital. Tieman believed Immel was a reborn Christ until Immel took a new wife despite a vow of chastity and encouraged sect members to use drugs. Tieman described the act as an exorcism ritual and stated he felt possessed, believing his victim deserved to die.

Mysterious Boy and Lights in Denmark

Several articles detail sightings of a mysterious boy and associated light phenomena in Denmark, particularly around Midtsjælland and Ringsted. These accounts, collected by Kim Moller Hansen, describe a figure often seen near lights, sometimes described as a 'boy' or a 'little person.'

One account from Sorø describes an orange or red light sphere seen over the sea, which then descended to the ground and illuminated an area before flying away. Another sighting in Pedersborg describes a boy sitting by the water with red light around him that formed a ring.

A 17-year-old girl reported being followed by a large, shiny sphere while cycling home, noting sparks and internal wing-like structures. Another report from between Haslev and Næstved describes a large, shining light sphere on a field moving towards a person.

More specific accounts detail encounters with the 'boy' near a cemetery in Ringsted. One witness saw a red light ring descending towards a boy, causing him to disappear in a flash. Another account from Ringsted describes a boy standing next to a luminous red sphere, which then enveloped him and flew away. A separate incident on Roskildevej involved a strange light on a field and an unusually behaving boy. A woman named Bitten and her friend reported seeing the boy disappear into a light near an elven.

An older woman from Gyrstinge reported seeing the boy near a chapel, after which he walked through a gate into a garden. Another witness saw the boy near a cemetery, where a red flash occurred, and he appeared to walk through the cemetery wall.

Further accounts describe the boy near a road, wearing a dark T-shirt and blue trousers, with metal on one hand. He was seen near Næstved and reportedly disappeared after a car stopped. Another sighting near Vetterslev involved two red light spheres that descended, blinked, and then produced two large flashes. Small footprints were found in the snow nearby, leading to speculation about a landing site.

The article "FELLESTREKK I OPPLEVELSENE" (Common Features in the Experiences) notes that most witnesses are anonymous, making further investigation difficult. The descriptions of the boy are generally consistent, though it's acknowledged that later reports might be influenced by earlier ones. The article also observes that most witnesses are women, questioning if men are reluctant to report such experiences.

It poses the question of whether these are simply superstitions or something more. Folklorist Age Skjelborg suggests that these modern accounts of small beings and UFOs are a contemporary form of superstition, akin to old tales of elves, dwarves, and trolls. However, the article stresses that the witnesses appear genuinely perplexed and believe they saw something real, warranting further investigation by SUFOI.

Ghost Lights in Colorado

The article "GATEN MED SPØKELSESLYSENE I COLORADO" (The Street with Ghost Lights in Colorado) by Kyle J. Bunch and Michael K. White explores the phenomenon of 'ghost lights' at the Silver Cliff Cemetery in Colorado. The lights, described as dancing blue spheres or white points, have been a local attraction since at least 1969, when National Geographic reported on them. Despite attempts to debunk the phenomenon by turning off town lights, the 'ghost lights' continued to appear. The authors spent three nights at the cemetery to investigate.

Their analysis suggests that the lights are primarily reflections. They explain that the white or black marble gravestones, especially when polished, can act as mirrors. When light strikes the marble at a specific angle, it can be reflected. The shape of the gravestone, whether flat or curved, can stretch or distort these reflections, making them appear to dance or move. The authors note that the lights can be faint and only visible from certain angles, contributing to their mysterious nature. While town lights can cause reflections, they acknowledge that reports of these lights predate modern town lighting, suggesting other light sources like starlight might also play a role, especially in the clear mountain air of Colorado. They also mention the psychological aspect, where the expectation of seeing something on a reputedly haunted site can influence perception.

New Zealand Skeptics Offer Prize

An article titled "OGSA NEW ZEALAND UTLOVER PRIS PA $ 10.000 FOR EN PARANORMAL DEMONSTRASJON" (New Zealand Also Offers Prize for a Paranormal Demonstration) reports that the New Zealand Skeptics have offered a $10,000 prize to anyone who can demonstrate a paranormal phenomenon under controlled conditions. The group's chairman, Dr. Denis Dutton, expresses disappointment that previous similar prizes in other countries have attracted few genuine claimants. He notes that proponents of the paranormal often claim their gifts are not for personal gain, but the Skeptics question why, if such abilities exist, no one would use them for a good cause. The Skeptics are particularly interested in telepathy, clairvoyance, telekinesis, mediumship, psychic surgery, and levitation. They state they are well-equipped to expose self-deception and fraud, employing not only scientists but also experienced magicians. The article mentions that their former chairman, David Marks, caught Uri Geller in a hoax. The Skeptics are skeptical of all paranormal claims due to a lack of credible evidence, stating that even seemingly strong past claims have been proven false. They express a genuine desire to discover genuine paranormal powers, which they believe would be well worth the prize money.

The article includes a footnote [1] discussing the argument 'I can, but I won't,' often used by those claiming paranormal abilities. It questions why, if so many people possess such extraordinary gifts, none would use them for personal gain. The case of Indian guru Sai Baba is mentioned, who also refused rigorous control, claiming he wouldn't use his 'powers' for personal gain. The article counters that his actions, in fact, do benefit him, and that only control could reveal his tricks.

Quantum Mechanics and Parapsychology

Rolf Manne's article "KVANTEMEKANIKK og parapsykologi" (Quantum Mechanics and Parapsychology) reviews Erik Dammann's book 'Bak tid og rom' (Behind Time and Space). Dammann's book attempts to present a worldview based on natural science, exploring a spiritual dimension he believes is as real as the material one. The book includes interviews with scientists and discusses quantum mechanics as a basis for understanding parapsychology and natural medicine, aiming to offer hope for a better future. Manne, however, finds Dammann's core idea flawed, stating that quantum mechanics does not legitimize parapsychology and that the latter cannot provide insights into free will or a better future. Despite this critique, Manne finds Dammann's book interesting and thought-provoking.

Manne then delves into the concept of quantum mechanical randomness. He explains that while classical physics might attribute apparent randomness to a lack of knowledge (e.g., predicting a dice roll), quantum mechanics posits a fundamental randomness in atomic processes. This randomness is linked to the uncertainty principle, where precisely measuring one property (like position) limits the precision of another (like momentum). Manne discusses Einstein's disagreement with this concept, his belief in 'hidden variables,' and the experiments by Alain Aspect in 1982, which, according to the conventional interpretation, confirmed the probabilistic nature of quantum mechanics rather than hidden variables.

Manne then discusses the implications of Aspect's experiments, particularly concerning the entanglement of photons. Aspect's setup involved measuring the polarization of two photons emitted from a calcium atom. The results showed that the photons' polarizations were correlated in a way that contradicted hidden variable theories, supporting the conventional interpretation of quantum mechanics. The experiment's distance between analyzers (12 meters) and the ability to change filter orientation after photon emission raised questions about faster-than-light communication, which would violate Einstein's theory of relativity. Manne notes that Aspect, like most physicists, adheres to relativity, prioritizing it over explanations that might suggest faster-than-light interactions.

The article concludes by questioning whether paranormal phenomena exist. Manne suggests that Dammann uses his interpretation of quantum mechanics to support his beliefs in the reality of extrasensory phenomena, which he argues are independent of quantum mechanics. He draws a parallel between the 'communication' between entangled photons and extrasensory perception but highlights the crucial difference: parapsychology lacks scientific acceptance due to inconsistent results, often attributed to fraud or the willingness of researchers to believe. Manne mentions magician William Cox and criticizes Dammann for not engaging with the criticisms of paranormal literature.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The recurring themes in this issue of UFO-NYT include the investigation of unexplained light phenomena, the skepticism and scientific analysis of paranormal claims, and the reporting of witness testimonies. The magazine appears to adopt a stance of critical inquiry, presenting both accounts of alleged paranormal events and scientific or skeptical counter-arguments. There is a clear interest in documenting sightings and phenomena, while also seeking rational explanations or highlighting the lack of credible evidence for many claims. The inclusion of reports on Scientology's troubles and the New Zealand Skeptics' prize offer further underscore a critical and investigative approach to extraordinary claims.

This issue of Laser magazine, dated 3/1988, features a prominent cover story titled "SEIGLIVET MYTE" (The Enduring Myth), alongside articles exploring UFO phenomena, skepticism, and the critique of pseudoscientific claims.

Article: The Enduring Myth (Seiglivet Myte)

The article addresses the persistent myth surrounding singer Finn Kalvik's 1979 experience on Gran Canaria. While the story often resurfaces in popular media as a sensational UFO encounter, the magazine clarifies that photographic analyses by Ground Saucer Watch (GSW) in 1979 concluded it was a US Navy Polaris missile. Further reports in 1984 and 1987 from Spanish newspapers 'Diario 16' and 'El Pais' revealed that two Soviet intercontinental missiles were launched from a submarine near the Canary Islands, with the launch occurring 200 miles southwest of the archipelago. These analyses confirm the object was a missile, not an extraterrestrial craft. The article criticizes Spanish ufologists, particularly Juan Jose Benitez, for misinterpreting the event as extraterrestrial, citing Benitez's history of sensationalism and misinterpretations, such as equating toad croaks with UFO sounds.

Article: The Clever Hans Effect: A Gifted Dog Tested in California

This piece details an investigation into a dog named Sunny, who reportedly possessed remarkable mathematical abilities, including addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, square roots, cube roots, and solving problems in multiple languages. The Bay Area Skeptics in San Francisco agreed to test Sunny. Initially, Sunny's owner demonstrated the dog's skills, which appeared impressive. However, during a controlled test conducted by Don Henvick of the Bay Area Skeptics, where the owner was positioned to avoid signaling the dog, Sunny's performance drastically declined. The article suggests that Sunny was responding to subtle cues from its owner, a phenomenon known as the 'Clever Hans effect'. The owner's subtle physical reactions, such as relaxing or lowering his gaze after the correct number of barks, were observed to be the signals Sunny was responding to.

Further claims about Sunny having been the famous artist Harry Houdini in a past life were also tested. A magician, Bob Steiner, presented the owner with five common Jewish female names, asking Sunny to identify his mother's maiden name. Sunny's responses, interpreted by the owner, led to a seemingly correct identification, but the article implies this was also influenced by owner cues. The article concludes that while Sunny may not have been performing complex calculations, the case highlights how much animals can understand from subtle human signals.

Article: Modern Myths: Brain Failure

This short section addresses the common myth that humans only use 10% of their brains. It references a hypothesis by psychologist Barry L. Beyerstein, suggesting this myth likely originated from misinterpretations of 1930s research that identified large areas of the cerebral cortex not directly tied to sensory or motor functions, referring to it as 'silent cortex'. The article clarifies that these areas are crucial for higher functions like memory and language.

Article: The UFO of the Year

This extensive report details the alleged UFO sighting by the Knowles family on January 20, 1988, near Nullarbor Plain, Australia. The family, traveling from Perth to Melbourne, reported seeing lights that seemed to 'jump around' and then disappear and reappear. A truck driver, driving 10-15 km ahead, corroborated seeing a light hovering above the family's car. The family described the object as egg-shaped, bright, with a yellow center, and about a meter in size. The object reportedly reappeared multiple times, leading to the family swerving to avoid it and a near collision. The article lists several alleged events: a tire puncture, the mother touching the car roof which felt 'spongy' and warm, a 'grey-black fog' entering the car, distorted voices, a humming sound, Sean Knowles losing consciousness, the dogs becoming agitated, and the car being lifted and then dropped. The description of the fog as smelling 'like death' and the overall experience being a 'time displacement' are noted as potentially influenced by science fiction tropes.

Skeptical investigators from UFO Research Australia (UFORA) and the Australian Skeptic magazine analyzed the case. Initial police reports and media coverage suggested the car had residue of an 'unknown substance', but police, specifically Inspector Schultz from SA-police, dismissed these claims, stating there was no significant residue and that any 'tape lifting' only collected road dust. Analytical laboratories, including AMDEL, concluded that the car's marks were consistent with normal scratches and dents from driving and braking. Various theories were proposed, including misidentification of celestial phenomena (St. Elms fire, meteorites), optical illusions, or even a carbonaceous meteorite. Professor Peter Schwerdtfergger suggested a dry thunderstorm with charged dust particles could explain the light and smell. Other theories involved strong winds or road imperfections causing the car to bounce. The article notes that while none of these explanations perfectly fit all details, a combination might account for the events. The report concludes that the Knowles family's account, while possibly genuine in their distress, lacks sufficient independent corroboration to definitively prove a UFO encounter, and the significance attributed to it by ufologists says more about the ufological community than the event itself.

Article: Deep Insights within New Age

Al Seckel critiques the language and concepts used within the 'New Age' movement. He argues that 'New Age' practitioners often misuse technical jargon and obscure terminology, creating an impression of depth and esotericism that is not empirically supported. He provides examples, such as a woman claiming her crystal emitted a 'strong magnetic field' without providing evidence, and a parapsychologist incorrectly identifying the four fundamental forces of the universe. The article also examines marketing claims from 'Vortex Industries Inc.' for a product called 'Crystal Vortex Colliadal Mineral Concentrate', which allegedly uses water from 'blue glaciers' with a higher surface tension to promote longevity. Seckel likens the 'New Age' movement's use of scientific language to a 'cargo cult', where structures are built without understanding the underlying principles, hoping for a magical outcome.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The magazine consistently adopts a skeptical and critical stance towards paranormal claims, UFO sightings, and pseudoscientific theories. It prioritizes empirical evidence, logical reasoning, and scientific explanations. The editorial stance is to debunk sensationalized accounts, expose flawed methodologies, and promote critical thinking. The articles in this issue collectively challenge unsubstantiated beliefs by presenting counter-evidence, expert analysis, and logical critiques, encouraging readers to approach extraordinary claims with a discerning eye.

This issue of NIVFO, a Norwegian magazine focused on skepticism and critical inquiry into paranormal claims, was published in August 1988. It features a variety of articles debunking pseudoscientific beliefs and practices, with a strong emphasis on critical analysis and scientific evidence.

Handskriftsanalyser eller "Grafologi"

This article examines graphology, the practice of analyzing handwriting to determine personality traits. It begins by referencing Luigi Zardo, a Canadian high school teacher who uses graphology to assess his students. Zardo's criteria include the 'upper zone' of the writing indicating business sense, the 'middle zone' relating to motivation for earning money, and the slant of the writing suggesting coolness of reason. He also notes that descending lines indicate indecisiveness and weak will, while upward loops suggest a fantasy world.

The article then delves into the history and scientific validity of graphology, tracing its origins to Camillo Baldi in the 17th century. Despite its long history, the article states that graphology has consistently failed to be validated by reliable scientific tests. It highlights the work of Ludwig Klages and Alfred Binet, whose studies found graphology's interpretations of isolated signs to be invalid. Later studies have also failed to provide further support. Nevertheless, graphology has grown in popularity, with businesses hiring graphologists for candidate testing and some universities offering courses.

The author expresses skepticism, noting that while people desire quick insights into others, graphology lacks the solid experimental foundation to be more than an excuse for discrimination. The article draws a parallel to Francis Bacon's 'Idols of the Theatre,' which describes how people tend to seek confirmation for their existing beliefs.

"Tull og Tøys fra Westerlund"

This section reports on the claims of psychic Anna Elisabeth Westerlund, who believes a family tragedy, rather than murder, is behind the disappearance of the Alme couple, Anne and Petter. Westerlund stated in an interview with Bergens Tidende that the couple is in the sea northwest of their home and that no third party was involved. Close relatives of the Almes have dismissed Westerlund's theory, calling it 'nonsense' and stating that the couple's relationship was good.

Landingsplass for UFO'er

This news brief from Wisconsin, USA, details the ambitious plans of a UFO believer to construct a large landing strip for unidentified flying objects. The project, estimated to cost millions of dollars, would involve a 5 km2 concrete surface with full airport lighting and a control tower. The believer is appealing for financial support from fellow UFO enthusiasts worldwide.

Belysende om Myter

This article reviews Melvin Harris's book "Sorry, You've Been Duped," which examines various paranormal claims and the mechanisms of myth-making. Harris debunks claims of 'psychic detectives' assisting police, noting that investigations often yield no useful information. He also discusses the origins of myths in literature, citing Arthur Machen's story about angels helping English soldiers. The article highlights Harris's work in exposing fraudulent predictions, using the example of Jeane Dixon's alleged prediction of John F. Kennedy's assassination. It points out discrepancies in the prediction, noting that it was vague and included multiple possibilities, and that the detail about blue eyes was not present in the original publication.

The article also touches upon forgotten predictions, such as those made in early 1939 about impending peace, which contrasted sharply with the outbreak of World War II. Harris's book is presented as a valuable study of how myths are formed and perpetuated, and how debunking them can be as fascinating as the original stories.

"Krystallkraft"

This extensive article critically examines the phenomenon of 'crystal power,' which has gained popularity as 'pyramid power' has waned. It explores the historical association of crystals, particularly quartz, with psychic practices and healing. The article notes the significant increase in the price of quartz crystals due to demand from mystics and psychics.

Lawrence E. Jerome, the author, initially believed his background in materials science would suffice to understand crystal power. However, he found it required delving into ancient magic, shamanism, yoga, astrology, and psychic healing. Jerome argues that the energies claimed by crystal proponents are not based on conventional physics but on 'higher astral planes' accessible only to those attuned to the astral plane.

The article questions the testability of crystal power claims, such as objects being 'charged' by crystals. It draws a parallel to the 'pyramid power' claim that blades become sharper under pyramids, a claim that has not been scientifically substantiated. Jerome criticizes the lack of objective evidence and the reliance on subjective experiences and beliefs.

The article further details the process of 'crystal work' as described by Uma Silbey in "The Complete Crystal Guidebook." This involves 'centering' oneself, 'grounding' to connect with earth energies, and then 'programming' the crystal by infusing it with intentions, thoughts, or prayers. The author contrasts this with the rigorous work required for practical endeavors like computer programming.

Jerome concludes that 'crystal power' is largely wishful thinking and that while practices like Yoga might promote relaxation, 'crystal work' can lead to self-deception and alienation from reality. He expresses concern about the psychological effects of such self-deception on individuals, especially those who are already mentally unbalanced.

The article also briefly mentions the portrayal of Houdini using 'crystal power' in a Walt Disney film, asserting that Houdini's escapes were the result of hard study and practice, not magic.

B. Dayanands Besøk i Norge

This section reports on the visit of B. Dayanand, brother of Indian CSICOP leader B. Premanand, to Norway. B. Dayanand is presented as a magician who works to expose fraudulent Indian gurus. He visited Norway in August 1988, participating in events and giving interviews.

An article from Adresseavisen is quoted, where Dayanand states that he could have been a guru in India with many disciples but chose not to deceive people. He notes the growing power of gurus in Western societies and criticizes the lack of critical thinking among people who are easily swayed by claims of the supernatural. Dayanand demonstrates his tricks, explaining them as mere illusions and not supernatural feats. He recounts how people were disappointed when he revealed his methods, as they wanted to believe in miracles.

Dayanand identifies Sai Baba as the most powerful Indian guru, but asserts that Sai Baba's claims of supernatural powers are false. He criticizes the Western tendency to grant guru-like status to individuals, citing the tragic end of Jim Jones's movement as an example of how a lack of critical thinking can lead to disaster. Dayanand views the increasing belief in the supernatural in the West as a 'dumbing-down process'.

Peter Popoff-Korstoget

This article details an investigation into the activities of evangelist Peter Popoff by Ontario Skeptics. The investigation took place in Toronto in August 1986 during one of Popoff's large events. Skeptics distributed 'consumer alert' leaflets exposing Popoff's alleged fraudulent practices.

The article describes staged 'healings' during Popoff's performance. A man who had arrived with crutches was dramatically 'healed' and encouraged to run, only to be seen later with his crutches returned. Another man was also 'healed' of a hip problem, but appeared to be in more pain afterward. The author suggests that Popoff uses 'implanted' individuals to create the illusion of miraculous cures.

The article criticizes Popoff's methods, noting that he seemed more interested in money than in genuine help. It highlights how people in desperate situations are easily exploited by such performances. The author expresses concern about the psychological impact on those who are led to believe they have been healed but are not, potentially leading to self-blame.

Overtro om Bilskilter

This brief report from Nashville, Tennessee, discusses a problem faced by the state's vehicle registration authorities due to superstitious Americans. Some car owners are complaining about license plates bearing the number 666, which they associate with the devil. The authorities have been collecting these plates, although some individuals, like a priest named John Miller, do not see the number as significant.

Sommerens Agurker

This section compiles several short reports. One discusses a large article in Arbeider-Avisas about near-death experiences (NDEs), which presented the accounts uncritically and consulted a 'specialist' who supported the claims. The author criticizes the lack of objectivity and the failure to mention counterarguments.

Another report covers an article in Adresseavisen about a Danish 'personologist' who analyzes people's character based on their facial features. The article featured analyses of celebrities. The author questions the validity of such practices.

Finally, it mentions that Nidaros Avis published an article from NIVFO titled "Bort med overtroen!" (Away with Superstition!).

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The recurring theme throughout this issue of NIVFO is the critical examination and debunking of pseudoscientific claims, paranormal phenomena, and fraudulent practices. The magazine consistently advocates for a skeptical approach, emphasizing the importance of scientific evidence, critical thinking, and objective analysis. The editorial stance is clearly against superstition, charlatanism, and the exploitation of people's beliefs for personal gain. The articles aim to educate readers about the mechanisms behind these phenomena and to encourage a more rational and evidence-based worldview.

This issue of NIB magazine, dated December 15, 1986, is primarily focused on debunking paranormal claims and individuals who profit from them. The magazine adopts a skeptical stance, presenting critical analyses of various phenomena and personalities.

Ramtha: A Voice from Beyond

The lead article introduces J. Z. Knight, who channels a 35,000-year-old spirit named Ramtha. Knight lives in a luxurious mansion in Yelm, Washington, and charges up to $400 per session for people to hear Ramtha preach a blend of Christianity, Eastern mysticism, and New Age self-realization. Ramtha claims to be the 'Enlightened One' and a former warrior who defeated Atlantis. Knight enters a trance state to channel Ramtha, and afterward, she claims to have no memory of what was said, relying on recordings. Ramtha's message emphasizes inner divinity and self-empowerment. The article notes that Shirley MacLaine's book 'Dancing in the Light' brought Knight and Ramtha to prominence. Ramtha has also made dire prophecies, such as warning of natural disasters, which led hundreds of followers to relocate to the Pacific Northwest. Skeptics, like Professor Carl Raschke of the University of Denver, suggest Knight is experiencing a waking dream or engaging in self-hypnosis, creating a mass hypnosis effect on her audience. The article also mentions former followers who left Ramtha, citing teachings that were out of sync with concepts of love and God, such as Ramtha's alleged statement that 'Mother Nature' would 'get rid of' homosexuals.

More on the 'Miracle Healer' Peter Popoff

This section details the exposure of faith healer Peter Popoff by CSICOP. A TV program on August 17, 1986, showcased a case of a girl with a severe headache attributed to a brain tumor. Popoff claimed the tumor disappeared after her grandmother sought his help. However, Dr. Gary P. Posner investigated and found that the girl had suffered from headaches for four years, and the tumor diagnosis was incorrect. Scan #1 was abnormal due to equipment error, Scan #2 was normal weeks later, and subsequent tests confirmed no tumor, only migraines. The article states that Popoff's TV appearances ceased after CSICOP's revelations and James Randi's involvement.

Danish Healing Congress

An article reports on a 'Healing for Peace' congress held in Helsingør, Denmark, featuring a wide array of alternative healing practices like reincarnation, psychic surgery, and iridology. Jens Kristian Götrik, president of the Danish Medical Association, denounced most of the congress as 'pure fraud.' The event attracted people with serious illnesses who had been given up by conventional medicine. Josephine Suson, a featured healer, is described performing a procedure where a knife is inserted into a patient's nose and exits the eye. Organizers charged 4,000 Danish kroner for participation, with an 'recommended' donation of 100 kroner for treatments.

Reagan's Fortune Teller

This extensive section focuses on astrologer Joan Quigley, who reportedly advised President Reagan on major decisions. The article, based on Donald T. Regan's book 'For the Record: From Wall Street to Washington,' reveals that Quigley, working from San Francisco, consulted with Nancy Reagan, who allegedly called her every Saturday from Camp David to discuss planetary alignments for the President's schedule. This revelation caused public shock and ridicule. The article notes that Quigley, an heiress, claims astrology is a science and has supported educational initiatives in the field. She also mentions advising other prominent clients from industry, politics, and showbiz. Quigley asserts that she never reveals her clients' names and that her work is based on precise birth times and locations. She expresses distress over the media's portrayal of her. The article also touches upon historical figures who consulted astrologers, such as Winston Churchill and Charles de Gaulle.

'Seers' and the Police

This investigative piece examines the Los Angeles Police Department's (LAPD) experience with individuals claiming psychic abilities. The LAPD conducted two studies in the 1970s and 1980s to assess the usefulness of psychics in criminal investigations. Both studies concluded that psychics did not provide significant or verifiable information beyond what could be expected by chance. The data from the studies showed some accuracy in identifying the gender of suspects or victims and the type of crime, but lacked crucial details like names or addresses. Lt. Dan Cooke of the LAPD stated that while they might listen to free information offered by psychics over the phone, they do not take it seriously, considering it a waste of time. The article concludes that the utility of psychics as a supplement to criminal investigations is not substantiated.

Focus on Children

This section, drawing from 'Psientific American,' discusses the origins of paranormal beliefs in children. It argues that children are exposed to concepts like telekinesis, telepathy, and miracles through stories, books, and media from an early age. The article suggests that children are more open to critical thinking about these topics than adults, especially when presented with accurate information. It emphasizes the importance of teaching critical thinking skills to children to prevent them from falling prey to pseudoscience and misinformation. The authors advocate for proactive programs in schools to educate children about skepticism and critical evaluation of paranormal claims.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The recurring themes in this issue are skepticism towards paranormal claims, the exposure of fraudulent individuals and practices in the New Age and alternative healing movements, and the importance of critical thinking. The editorial stance is clearly against pseudoscience and highlights the financial exploitation of vulnerable individuals by those who promote unsubstantiated beliefs. The magazine aims to inform readers about the lack of evidence for many paranormal phenomena and the potential dangers associated with them, particularly when they influence public figures or exploit the credulous.

Title: Det Ukjente
Issue: 4/88
Date: September 7, 1988
Publisher: NIVFO
Country: Norway
Language: Norwegian

This issue of 'Det Ukjente' delves into several controversial topics at the intersection of science, pseudoscience, and the paranormal. It features a significant challenge from NIVFO, a review of a book on extraterrestrial intelligence, and critical analyses of creationism and homeopathy.

NIVFO's KR. 50,000 Miracle Challenge

The magazine highlights a challenge issued by NIVFO, offering KR. 50,000 to anyone who can demonstrate a paranormal phenomenon under controlled conditions. This offer is presented alongside a photo of Preben Aavitsland holding the check from Bergen Bank. The editorial notes that this challenge is likely related to James Randi's visit. 'Det Ukjente' comments that this initiative "fits well into the energetic resistance movement that some groups are leading against what is happening within the New Age." The publication encourages individuals with purported abilities to accept the challenge, stating, "don't let the claims go unchallenged!" The editorial also references the 'Jesus miracle' in Varberg and notes that approximately 600 people with claimed abilities have attempted Randi's challenge without success.

Anna Elisabeth Westerlund and the Miracle Search

The issue mentions Anna Elisabeth Westerlund as a prominent figure in the paranormal field. It suggests she should accept NIVFO's challenge to have her abilities verified for the prize money. The article notes that while believers may dismiss scientific and controlled experiments, it would be good news if after a hundred years of negative research results, a positive one could be found. It frames the challenge as an opportunity to "pick out an even so small miracle from the flora one surrounds oneself with."

'Miracle' Sought: The NIVFO Challenge Detailed

This section elaborates on the challenge, stating that 50,000 Norwegian kroner are offered to anyone who can produce a genuine miracle, meaning a phenomenon that cannot be explained scientifically. A major test was scheduled for September 22 in Oslo, with James Radi, head of the Skeptics Organization in the USA (who previously tested Uri Geller), as the chief judge. NIVFO is described as a skeptic organization focused on critically examining alleged supernatural abilities and phenomena. It is mentioned that NIVFO has previously tried to test Anna Elisabeth Westerlund, but she refused.

ETI: A Challenge for Change by Peter Schenkel

This article reviews the book 'ETI - Star for Extraterrestrial Intelligence' by Peter Schenkel, subtitled 'A Challenge for Change'. Peter Schenkel, born in Yugoslavia in 1923, studied politics and later emigrated to the USA, working in California before settling in Ecuador. He is a co-founder of the new CSICOP group in Ecuador. The book, according to Schenkel's letter to NIVFO, addresses pressing global problems and the question of extraterrestrial intelligence from a strictly scientific viewpoint. It includes a chapter titled "the Escapist Urge" which strongly refutes popular pseudoscientific elements, including the "UFO-bluff." Schenkel believes his treatment of the ETI issue will be a useful tool for skeptics. Like Carl Sagan and Isaac Asimov, Schenkel believes extraterrestrial life exists and advocates for increased efforts to achieve a "cosmic encounter." The chapters on ETI and SETI present the latest knowledge in this new scientific discipline, described by the U.S. Astronomy Survey Committee as "one of the most exciting research projects of our time." Schenkel suggests this research can help counter ufology and support a rational understanding of extraterrestrial life. The review notes that the book was ordered from Vantage Press, Inc. in New York for $16.95 plus $1.50 postage. The article also mentions that the CSICOP group in Ecuador is led by Peter Schenkel and four others, including a physicist/chemist, a biologist, a philosopher, and a communication expert, indicating CSICOP's growing influence.

Creationism: A Pseudoscientific Challenge

This extensive section discusses 'Scientific Creationism,' a pseudoscientific movement that challenges evolutionary theory. The core belief of creationists is that life, the universe, and everything in it were specially created by God, as described in the Book of Genesis, with the Earth being created 6,000 to 10,000 years ago. The article distinguishes between 'young earth' creationists and 'old earth' creationists, noting that the former are more politically active. Creationists claim to be able to scientifically prove their assertions based on the 'designs' found in nature, using analogies like a clock found in the desert to argue for a creator. They are actively trying to introduce their views into the public school system, often by rebranding their dogma as 'scientific creationism' to bypass constitutional separation of church and state. A book by Henry Morris is mentioned, with one version for Christian readers and another adapted for public schools, where God is referred to as a creator/designer and the flood is renamed the "worldwide water catastrophe." The article criticizes this as "smoke and mirrors" and a deliberate attempt to remove references to evolution from education. Creationists also attack established facts in physics, mathematics, chemistry, astronomy, geology, and history. The influence has been so effective that some textbook publishers have removed all mention of evolution, with one book even replacing the word 'dinosaur' with 'reptile.' Creationists also publish their own books, often misrepresenting scientific concepts or citing unanswered scientific questions as evidence for their claims. The article notes that in the USA, several laws promoting creationism in schools have been declared unconstitutional. In Ontario, the situation is less clear, with the Ministry of Education having revised the high school curriculum to include evolution, but enforcement and awareness in schools are uncertain. The article mentions a known creationist teacher promoting pseudoscience and states that the activities of the Ontario Creation Science Association in Guelph will be monitored. The piece concludes by emphasizing the need for vigilance against the spread of creationism, as it hinders the teaching of genuine science.

Homeopathy: Recognized?

This section investigates the controversy surrounding homeopathy, sparked by a report in the journal Nature. The article details experiments conducted by Dr. Jacques Benveniste at INSERM in Paris, studying basophil granulocytes. These cells release active substances when exposed to a specific antibody (IgE). Benveniste's experiments, partly funded by a company selling homeopathic preparations, claimed that extreme dilutions of this antibody, following homeopathic principles (dilutions to 10^120), could reduce the number of cells that had released their contents, similar to concentrated solutions. The effect reportedly reappeared periodically with further dilutions. Nature published these findings on June 30, 1988, but with a condition: the editor, Maddox, and his colleagues would observe the experiments critically. James Randi and Walter Stewart from CSICOP were present during a week-long observation period in Paris. The experiments were set up to prevent subjective bias in cell counting. However, the results of this crucial test were entirely negative: none of the homeopathic dilutions of the antibody had any effect. The findings were published in Nature on July 28, with the conclusion: "Dilution experiments are a fraud." The article mentions that numerous letters to Nature pointed out weaknesses in Benveniste's original article, with many believing it should not have been published, as it granted unwarranted recognition to homeopathy and would be used for propaganda.

Media Coverage of the Homeopathy Case

The magazine discusses how the case was presented in other media. It notes that the magazine 'Fakta' published an article titled "IMPORTANT PROGRESS FOR HOMEOPATHS," which the author of 'Det Ukjente' believes is misleading. The 'Fakta' article is criticized for implying that the initial positive results were due to flawed research, and that the subsequent, properly controlled experiments, which showed no effect, were ignored. The article also points out that 'Fakta' uses the term 'school medicine' dismissively to refer to medical science.

James Randi's Visit Postponed

This brief section announces that James Randi's scheduled visit, which was eagerly anticipated, has been postponed due to illness. It is stated that his illness is not serious. The postponement is seen as fortunate by some, as the original timing would have coincided with the Seoul Olympic Games, potentially limiting media coverage. Randi's European tour is rescheduled for April 1989.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

This issue of 'Det Ukjente' consistently champions skepticism and critical examination of claims that lack scientific rigor. The editorial stance is clearly against pseudoscience, whether it be paranormal claims, creationism, or homeopathy. The magazine actively promotes scientific methodology and evidence-based reasoning, providing platforms for skeptical organizations like NIVFO and CSICOP. The publication appears to be a proponent of rationalism and a critic of what it perceives as unfounded beliefs gaining undue traction in society and education.