NIVFO-Bulletin - 1983 No 4-5

Magazine Overview

Title: NIVFO bulletin
Issue: NR 4/5
Volume: 3. ÅRGANG
Date: 1983
Publisher: NORSK INSTITUTT FOR VITENSKAPELIG FORSKNING OG OPPLYSNING (NIVFO)
Country: Norway
Language: Norwegian
ISSN: 0800-0360
Price: Kr. 80,-

This issue of the NIVFO bulletin, dated 1983, presents a collection of intriguing and often unsettling reports, with a significant focus on alleged UFO and creature encounters in Ohio, USA, during the summer of 1981. The magazine also includes articles on other paranormal phenomena and research.

UFO-Beleiring i USA (UFO Siege in USA) - Part 1

This extensive article details a series of events that reportedly occurred on a farm in Ohio, USA, investigated by Dennis Pilichis. The narrative begins with Pilichis's approach to the case, emphasizing his desire to let the witnesses tell their story in their own way. He describes finding evidence such as ladders, coffee cups, flashlights, and empty shell casings at the scene, indicating a disturbance. The family was reportedly shaken and confused.

Pilichis notes the similarities between these events and other incidents across the USA, suggesting a pattern connecting UFOs, Bigfoot, and paranormal activity. The article introduces the source material as a publication called "NIGHT SIEGE: THE NORTHERN OHIO UFO-CREATURE INVASION."

Background Information

This section provides context for the events in Ohio, mentioning earlier incidents such as a deer found with its side torn open, possibly by claws, and instances of horse feed being disturbed. It also recounts an event where a gas well was laid, clearing a large area, and a bulldozer operator discovered a patch of ground completely devoid of grass and stones, with four holes the size of 50-gallon oil drums.

The Incident of June 28, 1981

On this night, two family members intended to go out but stayed home due to recent events. The family reported seeing black figures waving blue lights. A creature was reportedly shot and fell into a pond near the woods.

UFO-Beleiring i USA (Continued)

The article details the family's vigil on their rooftop, observing lights hovering over the treetops. They described four lights, positioned along the forest edge, that changed color from red to blue to yellow and then black. These lights were estimated to be the size of basketballs and resembled large, square oil tanks. A clear, white light shone down from one of these objects. Simultaneously, sounds described as "women's screams" were heard from the forest edge.

As the lights went out, figures were seen running along the trees. The family fired shots, and the figures reportedly yelped. They observed red, glowing eyes in the forest, which they believe were used to mislead them. They shot at these eyes without effect, as the black figures moved away.

Later, two figures with red glowing eyes appeared near the edge of the field and approached the house. The family attempted to communicate with them from the roof. The figures reportedly howled and ran away. The article notes that the family's horses were kept inside, and they saw a figure that looked like their horse but knew it wasn't. They shot at this figure, which then ran off.

Footprints Left at the Incident of June 25, 1981

Photographs of plaster casts of footprints are presented. Dennis Pilichis recounts his investigation with Robert and other family members on July 1, 1981, to find tracks. They discovered a trail of large, circular footprints with three toe-like protrusions, measuring seven inches wide and eight inches long. The middle toe appeared to sink deeper into the ground. Approximately 40 such prints were found, leading from the house towards the woods. The trail was unusual, with gaps where prints were missing. The distance between prints was about six feet, suggesting bipedal locomotion.

Another trail of prints was found where it appeared something had moved in a circle, coming up to the back of the house and moving on all fours. These prints were also three-toed. The article compares these prints to alleged dinosaur tracks found near Glen Rose, Texas, which were 17 inches long.

Black Figures and Phantom Lights

This section discusses the black figures and mysterious lights, distinguishing them from Bigfoot. The figures are described as having a human-like form, sometimes surrounded by a faint white glow, and lacking the red glowing eyes seen with other entities. Strange flashes of light, often dark blue, were observed in the woods, coinciding with the appearance of these figures.

July 29, 1981: Reporting to the Sheriff

Two reports to the sheriff's office are detailed. The first, from 5:00 AM, describes Robert S. reporting loud roars and activity in front of and behind his house. He described a black, upright animal approximately 7-9 feet tall. When illuminated or shot at, it retreated into the woods. Later, it reappeared in a field behind the house. Robert and his son chased it, and they saw three pairs of large eyes in the woods. They fired shots, and the animal retreated. An investigation of the area with Robert S. found no blood or other substances, but some large, damaged footprints were noted. Robert mentioned losing four ducks and a chicken and other livestock attacks.

The second report, from 11:00 PM, details the arrival of law enforcement officers who met with Robert S. and his family. They reported hearing strange sounds and seeing a large animal, estimated at 9 feet tall, emitting loud roars. They described it as possibly a bear but could not see it clearly in the dark. Large marks were found around the property. Deputy D. and Sgt. F. investigated the area with flashlights but saw nothing.

Events of the Night of July 1, 1981

This section describes a series of events that occurred on the night of July 1, 1981. The family spent the night on the rooftop keeping watch. They observed lights hovering over the treetops, described as four objects or lights along the forest edge that changed color. These lights were estimated to be the size of basketballs and resembled large, square oil tanks. A clear, white light shone down from one of these objects. Sounds described as "women's screams" were heard from the forest edge.

As the lights went out, figures were seen running along the trees. The family fired shots, and the figures reportedly yelped. They observed red, glowing eyes in the forest, which they believe were used to mislead them. They shot at these eyes without effect, as the black figures moved away.

Later, two figures with red glowing eyes appeared near the edge of the field and approached the house. The family attempted to communicate with them from the roof. The figures reportedly howled and ran away. The article notes that the family's horses were kept inside, and they saw a figure that looked like their horse but knew it wasn't. They shot at this figure, which then ran off.

Events of July 1, 1981 (Continued)

A clear, white light appeared in a cornfield across the road at 03:30. One family member felt the light hit him in the head, causing him to stagger. Another shot at the light, which then extinguished. The person hit by the light felt as though they lost consciousness and experienced a headache for the rest of the day.

Approximately an hour later, something resembling glowing coals, but larger, fell into the trees east of the house. When shot at, it landed on a branch and transformed into a small, owl-like creature. The family continued to shoot at it until it fell to the ground. The creature then ran on all fours down the edge of the forest. The family found an imprint in the soft grass where it had been.

During these events, a small object resembling a cigar box, surrounded by blue light with a red and clearer light in the center, flew over the house at an altitude of about 200 feet. It appeared to come from the woods and fly across the road towards the cornfields. When shot at, it seemed as though the bullet hit glass, and the light disappeared. The object continued its course without the red light, and no sound was heard, leading the observers to believe it was not a man-made craft.

July 3, 1981: Strange Three-Toed Footprints

Dennis returned to Robert's property on July 4, 1981, with Kathy Bixler. They observed a strange fog over the house and saw two dark figures approaching the house from the fields. Robert shot at one, which fell and roared before getting up and running away. It was during this time that Dennis found the three-toed footprints, which he claims are similar to prints found in Maryland and Pennsylvania.

July 6-7, 1981: Footprints and Strange Swirling Effects Around Five-Toed Tracks - The Researcher Team Sees the Creatures

Dennis was joined by researchers Willard McIntyre and James Carnes. The family had erected barbed wire fences around the house. A large creature was seen near a window, leaving five-toed footprints that were 18 inches long. These prints were found around 04:30 and remained damp for 12 hours. A more unusual discovery was made in an area with hard ground and tall grass: five-toed footprints were formed in the grass itself, with the grass being swirled or twisted counter-clockwise around the prints. Five such prints were found, with six feet between them. Photographs were taken. A three-toed footprint, six inches long and four inches wide, was also found in the mud along the forest edge. Previously, three-toed prints were ten inches long, while these swirling five-toed prints were 18 inches long.

The family and researchers prepared for the night on the rooftop. Dennis, Willard, James, and a friend went to the forest edge. They observed dark figures moving along the edge of the woods. A glowing figure emerged from the forest, and they fired at it. It appeared to fall into the tall grass. They lost sight of it for a minute while climbing an electric fence. They found the spot where the grass was pressed down, indicating something had crawled into the forest. They concluded that no human or animal could have made these tracks.

The report continues with descriptions of dark figures and red glowing eyes. A stone was reportedly thrown from the forest. The most significant observation was three sets of glowing eyes: one to the left, one behind a dead tree, and one near the ground. The largest creature was over twelve feet tall. They shone flashlights on it, revealing a black fur that shone in the light. When they shot at the creature, it moved sideways out of the light beam.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

This issue of NIVFO bulletin consistently explores themes of unexplained phenomena, including UFO sightings, encounters with unknown creatures (such as Bigfoot and other entities), and the collection of physical evidence like footprints. The magazine appears to adopt a stance of open inquiry into these subjects, presenting witness testimonies and researcher findings without immediate skepticism. The editorial content suggests a belief in the reality of these phenomena and a desire to document them thoroughly. The inclusion of reports from both the USA and Norway indicates a broad scope of investigation. The magazine also touches upon related topics like near-death experiences and folklore, suggesting a connection between various unexplained occurrences. The recurring emphasis on physical evidence and detailed witness accounts points to an effort to lend credibility to these extraordinary claims.

This issue of "UFO-BORTFØRELSEN" (UFO Abductions) features a cover story by Dr. Alvin Lawson titled "UFO-BORTFØRELSEN - en hypotese som kan prøves" (UFO Abductions - a hypothesis that can be tested). The issue date is July 4, 1981, and it appears to be the fourth issue of volume four. The magazine is published in Norway and is in Norwegian.

UFO Abductions: A Hypothesis That Can Be Tested

Dr. Alvin Lawson presents a detailed hypothesis linking UFO abductions to perinatal experiences and birth trauma. He argues that many elements of abduction narratives, such as floating in a cylindrical room, passing through tunnels, and encountering strange beings, can be interpreted as echoes of the mother's womb and the birth process. Lawson uses the case of "Betty" as a primary example, describing her experiences as a regression to prenatal states. He likens the abduction scenario to the physiological and psychological journey of birth, with the "womb-like" rooms, "umbilical cords" (tubes), and "amniotic fluid" (gray liquid) all mirroring prenatal sensations.

Lawson points out that Betty's experiences, including the sensation of being "cleaned" and examined, are consistent with other reported abduction cases, such as those from Brazil and the Garden-Grove case. He suggests that the "tunnel" experiences in abductions are reminiscent of the birth canal, and the "doorways" leading to brightly lit, dome-shaped rooms can be seen as symbolic of the cervical opening. The "exploding doors" described by Betty are compared to similar accounts in other cases.

He notes that while Betty underwent an examination involving thin tubes inserted into her nose and navel, and was told that "some parts were missing" after a procedure related to her "reproductive ability," this could be interpreted as a re-experiencing of her own medical history, particularly a hysterectomy. This integration of personal medical memory into the abduction narrative is presented as a common pattern in abduction reports.

Lawson also discusses the physical sensations reported by abductees, such as intense pain and discomfort, particularly around the navel area, which he links to birth trauma. He mentions the "Phoenix vision" experienced by Betty, interpreting it as a symbol of rebirth, but also acknowledges that it might be influenced by her familiarity with myths rather than a direct CEIII (Close Encounter of the Third Kind) experience.

The article emphasizes that abductees generally tell the truth as they experience it, contrasting this with "professional UFO-debunkers" who are seen as dismissive and unhelpful. Lawson argues that the significant parallels between abduction accounts and perinatal experiences provide objective evidence that abductees are speaking truthfully about their subjective experiences.

He further explores the concept of "multiple hallucinations" or "folie a deux" and "mass hallucinations" as potential explanations for some abduction cases, especially those with multiple witnesses. However, he maintains that the consistency across numerous abduction reports suggests a deeper underlying phenomenon.

The Neglected Responsibility of Academics

Under the heading "Akademikernes forsømte ansvar" (The Academics' Neglected Responsibility), the issue addresses the tendency of some to dismiss unconventional research areas like UFOs as "unimportant" or "mysticism." The article critiques "knowledge relativism," where people argue that since scientific understanding evolves, any claim could potentially be true. It counters this by stating that while science is dynamic, established facts (like those in botany or geology) are not subject to arbitrary revision. Distinguishing between solid facts and uncertain theories requires diligent study.

The article criticizes the dismissal of UFO research as irrelevant, arguing that it is important to investigate such phenomena to understand the human psyche and potential extraterrestrial contact. It also touches upon the dangers of pseudoscience and mysticism, citing examples like the New Age movement and the spread of quackery, which can weaken critical thinking and lead to harm.

It highlights the importance of critical thinking and demanding evidence for all claims, regardless of the source's authority (e.g., Steiner, Hubbard, Maharishi Mahesh Yogi). The article warns against developing "authority worship" where people blindly accept claims based on the proponent's status.

Democratic Knowledge System and Elitism

The section "Demokratisk Kunnskapssyn" (Democratic Knowledge System) posits that scientific knowledge is democratic because it relies on reproducible experiments and observations, not on authority. It calls for making science accessible to the general public to foster a democratic understanding of knowledge.

Conversely, "Elitisme" (Elitism) criticizes a segment of society, including some researchers, who are indifferent to the spread of misconceptions like astrology, arguing that if people are comfortable believing in them, it doesn't matter. This attitude is labeled as elitist, as it allows misinformation to persist without challenge.

Science and Technology as Public Property

"Vitenskap og teknikk spiller en viktig rolle..." (Science and technology play an important role...) emphasizes that science and technology are crucial for societal debates and decisions. It advocates for making science the property of the entire nation and strengthening the connection between research and popular movements.

Folkets Eiendom (The People's Property)

This section introduces the "Foreningen for Vitenskap og Folkbildning" (Association for Science and Public Education) in Sweden, a partner of NIVFO. The association, established in December 1982, aims to promote scientific understanding and combat pseudoscience. It has actively engaged in public debates and has been a counterforce against the spread of pseudoscientific beliefs and sectarianism in Sweden.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The recurring themes in this issue revolve around the psychological underpinnings of UFO abduction experiences, particularly the connection to birth trauma. Dr. Alvin Lawson's central hypothesis is that abductions are not necessarily physical encounters with extraterrestrials but rather a manifestation of deep-seated psychological patterns related to prenatal and birth experiences. The magazine also takes a strong stance against pseudoscience and mysticism, advocating for a scientific, evidence-based approach to understanding phenomena. It criticizes the academic community for its perceived neglect in combating misinformation and emphasizes the importance of public access to scientific knowledge. The editorial stance is clearly in favor of critical inquiry and skepticism towards unsubstantiated claims, while acknowledging the subjective reality and psychological validity of abductees' experiences.

This issue of Magonia magazine, dated 1983, features a lengthy article titled "SPØRSMÅL OM ET «REELT FENOMEN»" (Questions About a 'Real Phenomenon') by Claude Mauge. The article is an expanded version of a presentation given at a UFO meeting in Boulogne in February 1983, drawing primarily on French-language sources.

Article: "SPØRSMÅL OM ET «REELT FENOMEN»" by Claude Mauge

Mauge begins by defining a "pre-UFO" case as any observation, real or fabricated, that is labeled a "UFO." These cases, whether ultimately explainable (IFO - Objet Volant Identifié) or not, contribute to the broader UFO phenomenon. He categorizes cases into "unexplainable" (UFO) and "almost UFO" (nesten-UFO), the latter potentially explainable later.

Pro-Arguments for the UFO Phenomenon:

Mauge examines several arguments put forth to support the existence of a genuine UFO phenomenon:

1. Existence of Reliable and Unreducible Cases: While acknowledging that the number of such cases is lower than often claimed, this argument persists. However, Mauge notes that many cataloged cases are later explained, leaving a small fraction of truly anomalous reports. He cites UFOCAT data for France in 1954, where out of 29 cases, 13 were explained, 6 dubious, and only one or two considered solid.
2. Conformity Between Cases: This argument is weakened by the ambiguity between UFO and IFO cases.
3. Conformity from Statistical Analyses: Mauge questions the value of analyses when a large percentage of cases are identified or dubious, suggesting that observed consistencies might be artifacts.
4. Existence of Consistencies in Explanatory Models (ETH - Extraterrestrial Hypothesis): While acknowledging speculative exobiological arguments and theoretical solutions for propulsion, Mauge finds issues with the vastness of cosmic distances, the "anthropo-psychological" component of UFOs, and the lack of falsifiability in some models. He questions the reliability of studies based on questionable catalogs.
5. Existence of Material Evidence of Foreign Technology: Mauge dismisses claims of extraordinary fragments from UFOs and finds Leonard Stringfield's "evidence" for crashed UFOs and humanoids to be lacking critical analysis. He also notes that radar cases remain controversial.
6. Other Pro-Arguments Reflect Ideological Preconceptions or Authority: Mauge argues that many pro-arguments are based on subjective interpretations (e.g., official circles' attitudes) or appeals to authority rather than concrete evidence.

Mauge concludes that the only credible pro-argument for him is the apparent existence of a few thousand credible anomalous cases, but he finds the counter-arguments gaining strength.

Counter-Arguments:

1. UFO/IFO Ambiguity: Mauge states that UFO and IFO cases are often indistinguishable, sharing similar details. Many cases once deemed credible and unexplainable are later resolved. This ambiguity, while not definitive proof against UFOs, weakens the pro-arguments.
2. Ufology Circles: Mauge observes that while many ufologists are intelligent and honest, they often possess superficial scientific knowledge and a lack of critical thinking. He criticizes the quality of many UFO publications and the tendency to link UFOs with unrelated phenomena like hollow earth theories or ancient astronauts. He notes that many ufologists seem trapped in a belief system reinforced by the "ET myth."
3. Beginning of a Socio-Psychological Model: This model is based on the convergence of UFO phenomena with various human cognitive processes and cultural influences, including science fiction, folklore, near-death experiences, religious visions, shamanism, and the ET myth. It aims to explain how ordinary stimuli can be transformed into UFO experiences. Mauge references work by J. Merloo, M. Monnerie, and particularly Manuel Jimenez of GEPAN, who developed a perception model with stages like misperceptions, projected alterations, and projected elaborations.

Analysis of Information Chains:

Mauge discusses how information about UFOs is transmitted through witnesses, ufologists, official circles, and the media. He notes that the widespread belief in UFOs, as shown by Gallup polls, and the role of media coverage can lead to "collective delirium."

Indications of UFO Significance Linked to C.G. Jung:

He briefly mentions ideas linking UFO phenomena to Jungian archetypes or psychological needs, such as protection from psychosis through "contact" or "abduction" experiences.

Conclusion on Hypotheses:

Mauge finds the socio-psychological hypothesis, despite some issues and the existence of credible anomalous cases, to be the most fruitful working hypothesis, while acknowledging it, like the ETH, may still be a form of belief.

Article: "NAZCA-FIGURENE IGJEN" (Nazca Figures Again) by Joe Nickell (Part 2)

This section focuses on the Nazca Lines in Peru, specifically addressing how these large geoglyphs were likely created.

Recreating a Nazca Figure:

Joe Nickell describes an experiment where he and his relatives recreated a 130-meter Nazca condor figure on a Kentucky field. They used simple methods involving stakes, ropes, and chalk lines, similar to what might have been available to the ancient Nazca people.

Methods and Findings:

Nickell discusses Maria Reiche's work, which suggested the Nazca people created sketches on small ground plots and then enlarged them. He notes that Reiche mentioned the need for instruments and knowledge lost to the conquistadors. Nickell's experiment aimed to test simpler methods. He dismisses the grid system (rutesystemet) as unlikely due to the imperfections in the Nazca drawings, particularly the "condor" figure. He suggests methods like plotting points using surveying techniques or trigonometric measurements, but finds these unlikely given the apparent lack of precise angular measurements. Their recreation involved establishing a centerline and measuring points off it, then using chalk to mark the lines. They found that simple tools like stakes and ropes, combined with some freehand work and possibly optical illusions, could account for the figures.

Ground Visibility:

Nickell argues against the idea that Nazca figures can only be seen from the air. He states that even smaller figures and those on slopes can be recognized from the ground. He suggests that the technique used for Nazca figures might have been developed for figures on slopes, making them visible from below. He also notes that their recreated condor could be partially seen from the ground.

Terrestrial Origins:

To test the terrestrial origin hypothesis, Nickell's father, a biologist, identified the recreated figure as a Nazca drawing without prior knowledge. This strengthens the argument that the Nazca people themselves created the figures using methods available to them, possibly involving stakes and ropes, rather than extraterrestrial intervention.

CENAP Report

This section provides information about CENAP (Centrale Erforschungsnetz Aussergewöhnlicher Phänomene), a German organization founded by Werner Walter and Hans Jürgen Köhler. CENAP investigates UFO sightings, aiming to solve UFO problems beyond media distortions. They archive newspaper clippings, photos, and slides, and collect data from police, observatories, and military sources. CENAP categorizes sightings into "first degree" (observation of unknown flying objects) and "third degree" (encounters with beings). They have investigated around 250 "third degree" encounters, finding many to be from unserious sources or individuals seeking attention. For "first degree" sightings, about 90% are explained as misidentifications (lights, balloons, satellites, etc.), even by experienced observers. However, approximately 3% remain unexplained. CENAP's conclusion is that the UFO phenomenon is primarily a matter of sociology and psychology. They are interested in receiving help with translations and in contact with observers of unusual phenomena. A UFO congress is planned for September in Mannheim.

Article: "UFO-HYPOTESER" (UFO Hypotheses) by Stuart Campbell (Part II)

This article explores alternative hypotheses for the UFO phenomenon, focusing on time travel and other exotic explanations.

Time Travel Hypothesis:

Campbell discusses the concept of time travel, citing Robinson's critique that backward time travel is paradoxical because it could alter the present, making the past unreachable. He also questions the idea of passive observation without interaction. Tipler's suggestion of constructing a time machine using a massive rotating cylinder in space is presented, but Campbell finds it highly improbable and unlikely to explain UFOs. He notes that such a machine, if built, could only send messages to the past, not travel to it.

Relativistic Time Travel:

Campbell explains Einstein's theory of special relativity, where time slows down at speeds approaching light. This allows for travel into the future. He also mentions the effect of intense gravitational fields, like those near black holes (e.g., Cygnus X-1), which can cause relativistic time dilation. This is termed "first degree time travel." The possibility of "second degree time travel" (exploring the past) through rotating black holes is also mentioned, but with the caveat that returning to one's own time would be difficult or impossible.

Other Exotic Hypotheses:

Campbell briefly touches upon other hypotheses, including UFOs originating from Earth's interior, underwater bases, other dimensions, or parallel universes. He also mentions the "psychic projection theory," which he finds to have serious assumptions.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The magazine consistently questions the conventional explanations for UFO phenomena, critically examining both pro-UFO arguments and established scientific models. There is a strong emphasis on the need for rigorous investigation, the potential for socio-psychological explanations, and the debunking of sensationalist claims. The article on Nazca Lines exemplifies this by demonstrating how seemingly mysterious ancient constructions can be explained through practical, terrestrial methods. The overall stance appears to be one of critical inquiry, favoring evidence-based analysis and skepticism towards extraordinary claims, while remaining open to the possibility of genuine unexplained phenomena that require further study, particularly through socio-psychological lenses.

This issue of UFO-NYT, dated February 1981 (nr. 2/83), is a Norwegian publication focused on UFO and UAP (Unidentified Aerial Phenomena) reports and their investigation. The magazine delves into various witness accounts, analyzes different hypotheses, and discusses the scientific approach to understanding these phenomena. It features contributions from various Norwegian newspapers and highlights the work of UFO research organizations.

UFO Hypotheses and Scientific Scrutiny

The lead article, drawing from MUFON UFO Journal (Feb. 1981) and UFO-NYT (nr. 2/83), critically examines various hypotheses for UFO sightings. It introduces a classification system (Trinn 0-4) based on the degree of assumptions required. Conventional hypotheses (Trinn 1-3), such as misidentification of natural phenomena, aircraft, or constructed objects, are presented as generally more plausible due to fewer assumptions. Unconventional hypotheses (Trinn 4), like extraterrestrial craft or time machines, are discussed with a focus on scientific testability. The article emphasizes Karl Popper's definition of a scientific hypothesis, which must be falsifiable. It argues that hypotheses lacking testable predictions or whose origins are currently beyond our investigative reach are less scientifically credible. The 'Extraterrestrial Hypothesis' (ETH) is deemed unscientific for the time being due to the lack of means to explore and verify it. The concept of a 'hollow earth' theory is mentioned as being scientifically testable but already proven false.

Figure 2 visually represents the interrelationships between UFO hypotheses and their levels of assumptions, illustrating the progression from simple reports to complex, speculative theories.

Organizations and Research Efforts

The issue highlights CENAP (Centrales Erforschungsnetz Außergewöhnlicher Phänomene), a German UFO research organization that collaborates with NIVFO (Norwegian UFO Information Center). CENAP, led by Werner Walter and Hansjürgen Köhler in Mannheim, is described as a small but active organization that maintains contact with international groups like SUFOI and NIVFO. They emphasize a skeptical approach and the exchange of viewpoints. CENAP's representative for the French-speaking part of Europe, Gilbert Schmitz in Luxembourg, publishes 'Info-CEPS'. CENAP also publishes 'CENAP-Report'. The group in Heilbronn, led by Jochen Ickinger, works on data development, a system also being developed by NIVFO (CDSS).

NIVFO is considered by CENAP to be the primary organization for UFO/UAP research in Scandinavia, with other activities occurring in Denmark (SUFOI). CENAP views organizations like UFO-SVERIGE and UFO-NORGE as too focused on fantasy.

Key UFO Sightings and Reports

The magazine features numerous reports of UFO sightings from across Norway:

• Mannheim, Germany (September 5, 1973): Werner Walter's first encounter with a trapezoidal object with reddish contours.
• Esefjorden, Norway (January 17, 1983): A luminous, dragon-shaped object observed over the fjord, changing color and moving north.
• Solstad and Stavern, Norway (January 22, 1983): Rigmor Evensen reported a triangular, luminous object moving south at high speed, which she believed was not an aircraft.
• Våler, Norway (February 3, 1983): Two luminous objects were seen, one blinking white and the other red-yellow.
• Sør-Aurdal, Norway (February 3, 1983): Reports of luminous objects and strong lights in the sky, causing fear among observers.
• Kvinesdal, Norway (February 17, 1983): Andreas Egeland observed two lights with a faint red glow, changing direction erratically.
• Seljord, Norway (February 18, 1983): Arne Bekkevold observed a mysterious object moving horizontally with smoke trails.
• Drammen, Norway (March 3, 1983): Randi Wang observed a disc-shaped object that hovered for two hours before moving northwest.
• Hommelvik, Norway (October 30, 1983): An amateur astronomer observed a yellow, torpedo-shaped object with red lights.

Other reports include a luminous object over Vestre Bagn (February 5, 1983), a strange light over Græsberget (February 10, 1983), and multiple lights seen over Hallingdal (March 10, 1983).

Skepticism and Debunking

The issue touches upon the role of skepticism in UFO research, mentioning the renowned magician James Randi, who is known for exposing paranormal claims. Randi is expected to visit Sweden to challenge individuals claiming psychic abilities, offering a reward for proof.

The article "OVERTRO FOR BARN I VITENSKAPENS NAVN" (Superstition for Children in the Name of Science) by Leif Blædel critically examines the use of Professor Preben Plum as an authority in a science magazine ('Vitek') discussing parapsychology. Blædel argues that while Plum is a professor, his expertise is in medicine, not parapsychology, and questions his portrayal as a skeptic, citing his views on phenomena like Nina Kulagina's alleged psychokinesis. The article suggests that Plum's skepticism might be overstated and that he appears to accept certain extraordinary claims.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The recurring themes in this issue are the reporting of numerous UFO sightings across Norway, the analysis of these sightings through various hypotheses (ranging from conventional to extraterrestrial), and the emphasis on a scientific and skeptical approach to investigation. The magazine promotes organizations like CENAP and NIVFO that are dedicated to serious research. The editorial stance appears to be one of open inquiry, encouraging detailed reporting while advocating for critical evaluation and the application of scientific principles to understand these phenomena. There is a clear distinction made between scientifically testable hypotheses and those that are speculative or currently unprovable.

The magazine also includes a section on pseudoscientific topics beyond UFOs, indicating a broader interest in the paranormal and unexplained.

This issue of NIVFO-BULLETIN, a Norwegian publication focused on UFO phenomena and related topics, is a double issue (No. 4-5/1983) with a cover date of 1983-04. The price is KR. 95,-. The magazine features articles on UFO sightings, skeptical investigations, and paranormal experiences.

UFO-Invasion in Gudbrandsdalen

The lead story, "UFO-INVASJON I GUDBRANDSDALEN," details a series of unusual events in the Gudbrandsdalen region of Norway during August 1983. Numerous newspaper clippings from local publications report sightings of a bright light, often accompanied by a loud bang, occurring around 4 AM. Eyewitnesses described the light as similar to lightning but with a different color, and some reported their houses shaking. The article notes that the Meteorological Institute and the Solar Observatory at Harestua had no unusual findings. A UFO expert is quoted suggesting the possibility of multiple UFOs moving at unknown speeds, or a single object moving at supersonic speed. The expert also notes that if it were a natural phenomenon, it would be one never heard of before. The article also touches upon the term 'telemeterskiver' (telemetry discs) as a type of unmanned scout craft.

The Travis Walton Case

Another significant section is dedicated to the Travis Walton case, a famous alleged UFO abduction. The article references a new book by Kim Møller Hansen that aims to provide an objective presentation of the case. It outlines the story of Travis Walton's disappearance on November 6, 1975, in Arizona, USA, and his reappearance five days later, claiming to have been abducted by aliens. The article highlights the differing opinions on the case, with some UFO organizations like APRO fully supporting Walton's account, while investigators like Philip J. Klass have labeled it a hoax. The article mentions that APRO's financial collaboration with the National Enquirer raised suspicions. Ground Saucer Watch (GSW) initially investigated but later withdrew, deeming it a fraud. Philip Klass's 1976 report is discussed, concluding the case was a deliberate deception. The article notes that Kim Møller Hansen's book presents APRO's version in chapter one and Klass's report in chapter two, leaving the final conclusion to the reader.

Skepticism and Objectivity

The article critiques the objectivity of APRO's representatives in presenting the Travis Walton case to the public. It points out that during a 1976 NBC-TV interview, APRO's Jim Lorenzen stated that Travis Walton had a normal psychological profile, despite later evidence suggesting Walton and his brother had discussed and hoped for abduction scenarios, and that Travis Walton might have been using drugs. Philip Klass is quoted questioning the 'normalcy' of hoping to be abducted by a UFO. The article suggests that while many books and accounts exist, the sheer number of questionable elements in the Walton story warrants strong doubt.

Rolf Tønseth's Hessdalen Photos

Photographs taken by Rolf Tønseth in Hessdalen, Norway, are presented as compelling evidence of UFO phenomena. The article describes Tønseth's images, including a 'triangle' shape, which are compared to descriptions of an 'upside-down Christmas tree.' The photos were taken with a 200mm telephoto lens and are said to resemble images found in American UFO magazines. Tønseth reportedly saw the triangular object for several minutes, observing it move sideways with its tip down, like a pendulum, in a wave-like motion. The article notes that similar sightings have been reported in the area, with the Hessdalen sighting occurring shortly after one in Rugldalen.

The "Radioactive Egg" Incident

An account from Baltimore, Maryland, USA, on October 26, 1958, describes two drivers witnessing a glowing, egg-shaped object about 30 meters long hovering over a bridge. The object emitted a blinding light and a wave of heat, accompanied by a terrible roar, before ascending and disappearing. The drivers' faces later showed signs of what doctors believed to be radioactive burns. The article also references a claim that a UFO photo was staged by attaching a cut-out paper shape to a window.

Sensationalism in the Media

The "SENSASJONSPRESSEN" section criticizes the sensationalist reporting of UFOs in publications like the American newspaper Globe. An article in Globe claimed 'UFOs Finally Proven' and 'UFOs Watching Us,' citing an alleged UFO expert. However, the article reveals that the expert, Ronald D. Story, denied making such statements and stated that the article was fabricated by the newspaper, with entire articles being invented rather than just minor distortions.

Natural Medicine Risks

An article titled "NATURMEDISIN SATTE PASIENT I LIVSFARE" (Natural Medicine Put Patient in Danger) reports on two patients who became seriously ill due to mistletoe injections at a health center in Nordsjelland, Denmark. One patient developed severe skin reactions and fever, while another experienced hypersensitivity reactions. The article quotes doctors from Finsensinstituttet suggesting that the authorization for mistletoe treatment should be reconsidered due to these serious incidents.

Near-Death Experiences (NDEs)

The article "NÆR-DØDEN-OPPLEVELSER" (Near-Death Experiences) discusses a book by Erlendur Haraldsson and Karlis Osis titled "HVA DE SÅ VED DØDENS TERSKEL" (What They Saw at the Threshold of Death). The book presents a systematic study of NDEs, collecting material from both the USA and India. It examines whether these experiences are hallucinations or genuine glimpses of another reality. The authors conclude that the hypothesis of life after death is strengthened by their findings, while acknowledging that they have not definitively proven life after death. The article notes that the experiences are often interpreted through the lens of the individual's religious and national background, but also that they do not seem to be mere projections of traditional religious beliefs.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The recurring themes in this issue of NIVFO-BULLETIN include the presentation of UFO sightings as potentially significant phenomena, the critical examination of evidence and claims, and the exploration of paranormal and unexplained experiences. The editorial stance appears to be one of open-minded investigation, but with a strong emphasis on skepticism and the need for verifiable evidence. The magazine actively debunks sensationalist reporting and highlights cases where alleged evidence has been fabricated or misrepresented. There is a clear effort to distinguish between genuine unexplained phenomena and hoaxes or misinterpretations. The publication also addresses the risks associated with alternative therapies and presents scientific research into topics like near-death experiences, aiming to provide a balanced perspective.

This is a double issue of the Norwegian publication NIVFO-Bulletin, marking the third year of its publication. The issue is dated March 19, 1982, and is presented as a significant milestone, having published approximately 400 A4 pages of information on UFOs and related topics since its inception in 1980/81.

Exclusive Interview with the Armed Forces

The main feature is an exclusive interview with Major Ole Bollman, Press Secretary for the Armed Forces Command, conducted by Jan Ove Sundberg of MOTALA, Sweden. The interview focuses on the Hessdalen phenomenon. Major Bollman states that the military's knowledge of the Hessdalen events is limited to what has been reported in Norwegian newspapers and by individuals like Arne Wisth, who has submitted photographic material for examination. Bollman emphasizes that the Armed Forces have not registered any phenomena on their radar, classifying it as an unexplained event. He clarifies that the military does not dismiss such phenomena simply because they cannot explain them, drawing a parallel to the Swedish submarine incidents. He mentions that a reconnaissance aircraft was flown over Hessdalen without results, and a ground patrol was planned. When asked if the Norwegian military is very positive towards the UFO phenomenon, Bollman states that while all reports are taken seriously, the lack of radar confirmation means they are not convinced about the nature of the phenomenon. He confirms that if foreign craft were detected on radar, they would investigate thoroughly, but acknowledges that they are less motivated if they cannot detect them.

Footnotes on the Military Interview

Several footnotes provide additional context:
1. NIUFO consistently sent reports from Hessdalen to the operations staff, emphasizing these were reports, not documented findings.
2. A phenomenon cannot be definitively explained until documented data allows for such a conclusion.
3. It is important not to establish things as scientific facts without proper criteria.
4. When Hessdalen reports first came in, NIVFO contacted the Armed Forces. A reconnaissance flight was later conducted at NIVFO's suggestion. The Trondheim police later contacted NIVFO for reports concerning the Hessdalen messages.
5. NIVFO maintained regular contact with Gråkallen and observers in Hessdalen, but radar did not register the reported phenomena. It is suggested that the objects might fly too low, near the valleys and mountainsides, to be detected by the radar station in Trondheim.

President Carter's UFO

This section details the widely reported claim that U.S. President Jimmy Carter had seen a UFO. The article cites a 1976 National Enquirer article quoting Carter describing a "very strange experience" where he and about 20 others saw a large, color-changing object in the sky, roughly the size of the moon. The article notes that Carter's government was reportedly willing to fund UFO research.

Investigation and Skepticism

UFO skeptic Robert Sheaffer investigated the claim. He found that the reported location of the sighting in Thomaston, Georgia, in 1973, and the supporting witness accounts from the Stembridge couple and lawyer Milton Jones, were fabricated. A local radio employee in Thomaston recalled Carter's visit but not any mention of a UFO sighting.

Carter's Report

Sheaffer contacted UFO organizations and learned that in 1973, during a UFO wave, Hayden Hewes of the International UFO-Bureau had sent a report form to Governor Carter. Carter filled out the form, reporting an observation from October 1969 in Leary, Georgia. He described a bright light that appeared to approach, stop, move away, return, and then disappear. The object was described as sharply defined, initially blueish then reddish, and as bright as the moon when closest. The observation lasted 10-12 minutes, and no sound was heard. Carter estimated the distance to be between 275-900 meters.

Further Investigation and Doubt

Robert Sheaffer's attempt to pinpoint the exact date led him to contact people in Leary. A former Lions Club member, Fred Hart, recalled seeing a small, bluish light, possibly a weather balloon, but did not remember the event making a significant impression.

Sai Baba

This section briefly introduces Sai Baba, an Indian spiritual figure with followers in Sweden. It mentions group trips to his ashram in India and quotes Annastina Vrethammar describing a profound personal experience with him. The article touches upon Sai Baba's alleged abilities to create objects like watches and transform water into gasoline, and to produce holy ash. It also references parapsychologists Karlis Osis and Erlendur Haraldsson, who documented Sai Baba's feats, such as creating a gold ring from his palm. The section notes that even an illusionist like Doug Henning, known for his belief in levitation through meditation, was reportedly fooled by these claims.

Special Publication: UFO-FOTO

A promotional announcement for a special issue from NIVFO titled "UFO-FOTO." This A4-format booklet contains 23 pages with 41 lesser-known UFO photographs from both Norway and abroad, along with commentaries. It is priced at 13 Norwegian Kroner and is available for order.

Course for Investigators

NIVFO is offering a meteorology course for investigators, developed by their Data and Information Department (DIA). The course is intended to enhance the knowledge of those working with UFO/UAP reports. It is noted that investigators within EFA (presumably an investigative department) who are authorized to investigate UFO/UAP messages are required to complete this course. The course materials will include approximately 25-35 pages in A4 format, printed in A3, along with synoptic plans from the Meteorological Institute. Future courses in astronomy and astrophysics are also planned.

Looking Back: Three Years of NIVFO-Bulletin

The final section reflects on the three years of NIVFO-Bulletin. The publication has covered a wide range of topics related to UFOs and pseudo-science, aiming to investigate UFOs and the UFO movement. The authors state they set out to examine the credibility of literature surrounding UFOs, their origins, and the potential impact of these phenomena on society. They highlight the importance of contacts within the UFO community and mention the establishment of the "Norsk UFO Center" in 1972 as a foundation for their work. The article concludes by stating that while much remains to be done, the bulletin has shed significant light on fundamental questions and is entering a phase of development that encourages further effort. They also indicate plans to explore other pseudoscientific areas in the coming year.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The recurring themes in this issue are the investigation of UFO phenomena, particularly the Hessdalen case, and the critical examination of claims and reports. The editorial stance of NIVFO-Bulletin is to approach UFOs and related topics with a scientific and investigative mindset, seeking credible evidence and questioning unsubstantiated claims. They aim to provide objective information and encourage critical thinking among their readers. The publication also serves as a platform for promoting NIVFO's activities, such as their special publications and courses for investigators.