Mysteres De L'Est - No 04 - 1998

Magazine Overview

Title: LES MYSTÈRES DE L'EST
Issue: No. 4
Year: 1998
Publisher: CNEGU (Comité Nord-Est des Groupes Ufologiques)
Type: UFO Bulletin

This issue of "Les Mystères de l'Est" is the fourth bulletin published by CNEGU in 1998. The cover features a hexagonal collage of illustrations and the main title. The issue includes a table of contents detailing various sections such as "Les travaux du CNEGU" (CNEGU's work), "Les OVNI dans la presse" (UFOs in the press), "La tribune de l'extérieur" (External tribune), "Le courrier des lecteurs" (Readers' mail), and "Le pêle-mêle" (Miscellaneous).

Editorial: La masse invisible de l'ufologie

The editorial, written by Christine ZWYGART, addresses a critique from a reader named Jean SIDER regarding the perceived tendency of the magazine to present "explained" cases. ZWYGART defends the magazine's approach, stating that while it aims to present research findings, it does not shy away from unexplained phenomena. The editorial critiques the practice of "debunking" within ufology, arguing that it often focuses on discrediting individuals rather than their arguments. It suggests that many ufologists tend to focus on the approximately 10% of unexplained cases, while neglecting the 90% that might be explainable, leading to a "hidden mass" of phenomena that are not properly investigated. The editorial emphasizes that the magazine's goal is to present facts, whether they are resolved or not, and to avoid establishing errors as truths.

To debunk: Petit lexique pour un bon usage du debunking

This section, also by Christine ZWYGART, provides a glossary of the term "debunking" from English and French dictionaries. It aims to clarify the various meanings of the verb, which range from discrediting and demystifying to simply refuting claims. The author points out that the ufological community often focuses on the most pejorative sense of the word, ignoring its broader and potentially neutral or even positive connotations. The text suggests that the term "debunking" itself can be ambiguous and that a more precise term might be needed to avoid confusion.

Les travaux du CNEGU

This section details the activities and research conducted by CNEGU. It includes several articles:

• Le petit bonhomme de Renève: This article, by Alika Lindbergh, seems to introduce a local legend or folklore related to Renève, referencing the "little people" of folklore.
• HISTORIQUE DU VILLAGE (Renève): This article provides a historical overview of the village of Renève, detailing its population, geographical location, Roman civilization, historical events like the Gallas invasion, the development of the canal, and the importance of the Moulin de la Roye. It also touches upon the famous affair of Brunehaut and a local dispute over the location of her alleged torture. The article concludes by hinting at a more recent unusual event involving a priest and a "curious little man."
• Liaisons entre apparitions et sectes : Bouxières-aux-Dames et Clémery: This article explores connections between apparitions and sects in these specific locations.
• Ni ufologue, ni mycologue ... Chasseur d'ovnis: This title suggests an article about an individual who hunts UFOs without necessarily identifying as a traditional ufologist or mycologist.
• Fiche méprise CNEGU : Les myceliums annulaires: This is a CNEGU case file focusing on "mycelium rings," likely a phenomenon that can be mistaken for UFO-related evidence.
• Opération Saros. (jeu): This appears to be a game or simulation titled "Operation Saros."
• Timtin au pays des Soucoupes Volantes: A likely humorous or fictional piece referencing Tintin and flying saucers.
• Des extraterrestres trop humains. (Château de Buron): This article discusses extraterrestrials, possibly from the perspective of the Château de Buron.
• Analyse de photos d'ovnis : reflets optiques et ufologiques: This article analyzes UFO photos, focusing on optical reflections and their ufological implications.
• L'entité lumineuse de Meylan (Isère): This details a case involving a luminous entity observed in Meylan.
• L'archéologie-fiction ignore les hiéroglyphes: This piece critiques "archaeology-fiction" for ignoring hieroglyphs, possibly relating to ancient astronaut theories.
• Catalogue d'objet suspects - extraits du bulletin de la SAF 1951/69: This presents excerpts from a catalog of suspect objects from the SAF bulletin between 1951 and 1969.
• Humour: A section dedicated to humor.

Les Ovni dans la presse

This section compiles UFO-related news and articles from various publications:

• La tribune de l'extérieur: This subsection includes several articles:
• "Le CNEGU vu de l'extérieur": An external perspective on CNEGU.
• Humor sections.
• "On a cherché l'éclair... On a trouvé l'ovni ! & Enquête à Kazincbarcika.": An investigation into a UFO sighting in Kazincbarcika, Hungary.
• "Rencontre rapprochée à Certesti (Roumanie)?": A report on a close encounter in Certesti, Romania.
• "Le pôle documentaire de Metz (Communiqué du SCEAU)": A communication from the SCEAU documentary center in Metz.
• "Le char volant de Ki-Koung ou critique du réductionnisme préventif.": A critique of preventive reductionism, possibly related to the "flying chariot of Ki-Koung."

Le courrier des lecteurs

This section features reader contributions:

• "Rêve ... simiesque a Renève : un regard ... inquisiteur.": A reader's perspective on a dream or observation related to Renève.
• "Catalogue régional CNEGU : réponse des "debunkers de l'Est" à Jean Sider.": A response from "debunkers of the East" to Jean Sider, likely related to the editorial's theme.
• "Le CNEGU en BD.": A comic strip related to CNEGU.

Le pêle-mêle

This section contains miscellaneous content, including humor pages signed by Raoul Robé.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The recurring themes in this issue include the critical examination of ufological research methodologies, the debate surrounding "debunking," the presentation of specific UFO case studies from France and abroad, and the integration of historical and local context into ufological investigations. The editorial stance, as articulated by Christine ZWYGART, advocates for a balanced and rigorous approach to ufology, emphasizing the importance of investigating all phenomena, whether they are ultimately explained or not, and critiquing the tendency to dismiss evidence that does not fit preconceived notions. There is also a clear effort to engage with readers and external perspectives, fostering a sense of community and open discussion within the ufological field.

This document is an excerpt from the French magazine 'Phénomènes Spatiaux', issue number 45, published in September 1975. The title of the section is 'L'ENQUETE DU GEPA', referring to the GEPA (Groupe d'Etude de Phénomènes Aériens), an organization founded in late 1962. The group was presided over by General Lionel Max Chassin from 1964 to 1970, and after his death, by René Fouéré, the former secretary-general.

The Witness (LE TEMOIN)

The main focus of this excerpt is the testimony of 'Abbé X', a priest born in 1906 in the Haut-Rhin region of France. He studied at the seminary of Flavigny and was ordained in 1934 in the diocese of Dijon. He served as the parish priest in Renève for eleven years, from 1937 to 1947. He is described as a stern, solid, and authoritative man, with Alsatian origins, but highly respected by his parishioners. He was a typical country priest, not hesitant to enforce strict rules, such as separating boys and girls during mass.

In 1975, Abbé X learned about the Marliens case directly from the village mayor and decided to write to M. Fouéré to report his own observation. When asked why he waited 30 years to report, the abbé explained that he wished to communicate it to learned societies and avoid publicizing an 'unbelievable' story to an unqualified audience. He only shared it with his family, housekeeper, brothers, and sister.

Interview with Abbé X by GEPA (November 15, 1975) - Account of the Observation

The interview, conducted on November 15, 1975, aims to reproduce the witness's account verbatim.

The Encounter

Abbé X believes the sighting occurred in April 1945 in Renève. He was out mushroom picking on a sunny afternoon, accompanied by his housekeeper. He had never gone mushroom picking before, but his housekeeper suggested looking for 'snowball' shaped mushrooms. He walked for about 3-4 kilometers along the edge of a wood, inspecting bushes, as he was told these mushrooms grew there.

Upon arriving on the road leading from Renève to Grand Colonge, he noticed a final bush. As he was getting up, he saw a tiny being on his left, in full sunlight. He initially estimated its height at 18-20 centimeters but, after comparing it to a 20 cm ruler, revised his estimate downwards to about 17 centimeters, considering it the average height. He estimated the being was about one meter away from him.

He was lying on his right side, with the sun to his left, so the being was illuminated. He confirmed the sun was behind the being, and he was not blinded by the light. He estimated the time to be around 6 PM, though he later corrected this, stating that in April, even around 6 PM, the sun could still be quite high and the day was mild. He recalled that the following day was very rainy, which prevented him from returning to the site.

The Abbé's Initial Interpretation and Plans

His initial thought that night was to return to the location with a saw and sickle to clear the undergrowth and search for any object belonging to the being or its dwelling. He had initially considered the possibility that the tiny being was an unevolved species of human origin, or a precursor to human evolution, drawing a parallel to the evolutionary series of horses described by Abbé Moreux.

Duration and Movement of the Being

Abbé X estimates he saw the being for about 15 to 20 seconds. He stated he did not move, but perhaps made a movement to get up, possibly kneeling to examine it better. His first instinct was to retrieve the being, without harming it, to communicate and ask where it came from and if it needed anything. He had many fleeting ideas at the time, including a bizarre thought that it might be an individual killed by the Resistance, brought back to life by divine intervention.

Description of the Being

He described the being as a 'chubby gentleman', an 'enlarged man in reduction'. It had a proportioned build, with a beard, and wore a mate, rust-red colored suit, with no visible buttons or belt. The hands were like mittens, with the thumb possibly enclosed, and he did not see five distinct fingers. The feet appeared to be like boots, forming a single, flexible unit with the rest of the suit. He described it as a 'combination', like a baby's pajamas, but a combination suit that molded to the body. He did not see any shoes. The head was uncovered, without a helmet.

He observed that the being had hair, like a man, but in miniature. It wore no glasses. Its ears were described as 'like ours', but these details did not hold his attention as much as the face and eyes. He estimated the being's age to be between 70 and 75 years, noting it appeared out of breath and frail, despite its robust appearance. The eyes were described as 'absolutely, absolutely like ours'. He could not determine their color due to the sunlight. He did not see its teeth as its mouth was closed.

The 'Pique'

Of particular note was a rigid 'pique' or rod, about 2 cm above and extending beyond the head, which descended downwards. He initially thought it was a sharp spine used for probing the ground, defense, or catching small animals. He later interpreted it as a 'cosmonaut's antenna'. This 'pique' seemed attached to the suit and descended to the heel, moving with the being's gait. He estimated its diameter to be about 3 centimeters.

Interaction and Departure

The being approached Abbé X, looking at him directly, which the abbé found significant. He believed the being wanted to know who he was and how he was. The abbé, dressed in his soutane, was on the road, possibly having passed by on his bicycle or with a horse and cart previously. The being walked about two to two and a half meters towards him. When it was about thirty centimeters away, the abbé could have potentially retrieved it.

He felt a sense of disappointment when the being left. He wished he had shouted after it or tried to communicate further. The being passed in front of him, still looking at him, then continued on its way and disappeared into impenetrable undergrowth. He did not attempt to pursue it.

Sensory Details and Absence of Traces

Abbé X perceived no smell during the encounter. There was no conversation. He noted the being seemed in a hurry and possibly scared, suggesting it was in its vital environment and concerned with important matters for its survival or for gathering information. He did not record this impression at the time.

He confirmed the being wore no gloves, only mitten-like coverings for its hands. The suit was very flexible and molded to the body. He could not discern any sex characteristics. The being was described as 'corpulent' and having a 'robust health'.

There were no sounds associated with the being's movement, and it left no trace on the ground, not even on leaves or gravel. It walked across the road and path without touching the ground in a way that would disturb pebbles. He had the impression it was made of 'plastic, plastic-like material', though he acknowledged plastic was not common then, comparing it to rubber or caoutchouc.

Further Questions and Reflections

When asked if the 'pique' was a respiratory tube or a weapon, Abbé X stated it was neither and did not connect to the nose. He speculated it might have been for probing the terrain. He reiterated that there were no footprints or any other traces left behind. He also stated he did not know if there were other beings present, as he did not turn around, being 'stunned' and in contemplation.

He confirmed that in the days preceding or following his sighting, there were no other reports of mysterious phenomena in Renève. He also dismissed any connection to a 'haunted house' or a subterranean tunnel.

Regarding physiological effects, he felt nothing, neither cold nor heat. He stated he felt a sense of superiority towards the being, not fear.

Publication and Related Articles

The condensed investigation report was published in 'Phénomènes Spatiaux' No. 45 in September 1975. The Renève case was associated with an observation made by four students from the Ecole Normale de Varones in Ibague, Colombia, of 20 cm tall extraterrestrials, in an article titled 'Creatures in Reduction'.

The conclusion of the GEPA investigation was 'very provisional' and leaned towards an extraterrestrial origin, stating that the beings were not animals or unknown fauna but were wearing clothing and equipment indicative of technical intelligence. It suggested they came from elsewhere and from an unusual vehicle, even if the vehicle was extraordinarily small and not perceived by the witnesses.

Two press articles from 'Les Dépêches' in March 1976 are mentioned. The first, dated March 5, was titled 'A 17 cm tall man'. It noted that this article gave the exact date of the observation as April 15, contradicting the interview's date. It also cited the abbé's name, despite his request for anonymity, which led to a second article on March 8.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The magazine appears to focus on UFO and UAP phenomena, with a particular interest in witness testimonies and detailed investigations. The GEPA's approach, as presented here, involves thorough interviews and attempts to gather physical evidence or corroborating reports. The editorial stance, particularly in the conclusion of the Renève case analysis, leans towards an extraterrestrial hypothesis for such phenomena, emphasizing the technical sophistication implied by the observed beings' attire and equipment. The magazine also seems to engage with media coverage, noting discrepancies and the impact of public reporting on witness anonymity.

This issue of "ENQUETE GEPA - CRITIQUES ET ANALYSE" (Investigation GEPA - Critiques and Analysis), published in February 1998, delves into a critical examination of a specific case, likely related to UFO phenomena, focusing on the Renève incident. The magazine is presented as a critical analysis, suggesting a skeptical or alternative perspective to initial findings.

The Renève Case: GEPA's Investigation and ADRUP's Critique

The article begins by critiquing the GEPA's investigation into the Renève case, noting that it involved interviewing the witness and collecting details of his observation. However, it expresses regret over the GEPA's subjective amalgamation of this case with other, potentially questionable, observations, linking them directly to UFOs (ET) despite the absence of any observed craft. The core of the GEPA's conclusion, as presented, is that an abbe (priest) claimed to have seen a human-like figure, and GEPA labeled it an ET.

The Witness's Account

The article then meticulously details the abbe's account to determine its strong points. The sincerity of the priest is not doubted, not because he is a priest, but because his narrative is described as sensible, precise, and detailed, even 30 years after the event. The 'character' he described is:

• A miniature man, 17 cm tall.
• Somewhat chubby, with grey hair and a full beard.
• Appeared like a breathless old man.
• Had eyes and ears.
• Possessed a rod-like object (like a spike) behind him that extended above his head.
• Was dressed in a rust-colored jumpsuit, without a belt or buttons, and wore boots.
• Had hands that ended like mittens.
• Did not speak.
• No odor was detected.
• Was seen walking.
• Disappeared into a thicket.

The analysis points out that while the description suggests a human-like being (beard, eyes, ears, clothing), certain aspects pose a dilemma: the lack of speech, the disappearance into a thicket (suggesting animal-like behavior), and the inexplicable rod. The observation period was very short, estimated at 15 to 20 seconds.

ADRUP's Investigation: A New Hypothesis

The ADRUP (Association Dijonnaise de Recherche Ufologique et Parapsychologique) decided to conduct a counter-investigation into the Renève case in October 1983. The witness, referred to as Abbé X, was located and interviewed. Initially reluctant, he eventually recounted his experience with passion. He emphasized that it was not an extraterrestrial but a "little green man" was not his description. He described the 17 cm figure as having the appearance of an old man, and he attempted to grab it but found it too small. He reiterated that it was a human being and not an ET. His account was consistent with a previous report in the GEPA review, "J'ai vu des savants" (I saw scientists).

Ten years after his initial interview, the abbe remained firm about the human origin of his observation, making no mention of extraterrestrial hypotheses. This affirmation led the ADRUP investigators to propose the hypothesis of a small monkey, considering it the entity most resembling a human. The logical next step was to investigate where a monkey might be found – a circus.

The Search for a Circus and the Monkey Hypothesis

ADRUP's research into archives in Dijon for the early part of 1945 (the presumed date of the observation) did not yield any records of a circus passing through the region. An inquiry to "30 Millions d'amis" (a French animal protection magazine) received no response. However, through correspondence with Jean Richard, they learned about various monkey species and were directed to a circus historian, M. Adrian, and the Bouglione family (famous circus performers). The "saimiri" (a monkey about 25 cm tall) was identified as the closest match in size to the observed being. Further research revealed three other similar-sized species: the pygmy marmoset, the common marmoset, and the tamarin.

M. Adrian confirmed that, to his knowledge, no circus had visited Dijon in 1945. As the circus lead proved fruitless, the investigation shifted focus.

Investigation at the Observation Site and in the Village

The investigators visited the field where the encounter took place. The former owner, M. Grey, who was a prisoner of war at the time, recalled the field being fallow. The visit to the site, though changed, did not yield any new information.

In the village, inquiries at the town hall for 1945 council meetings also proved uninformative. However, conversations with local merchants provided a breakthrough. M. Paul Huot, a butcher, revealed the presence of French African soldiers in 1945, whose regiment was stationed at the "moulin de la Roye" and the "petit Renève." This information was corroborated by M. Grey, shifting the investigation's focus to a new hypothesis.

The African Regiment and the Mascot

The reasoning followed: an African regiment implies Africa, and Africa implies exotic animals, including monkeys. Thus, the hypothesis became that a small monkey from Africa was the regiment's mascot.

Tracking the Regiment

ADRUP attempted to identify this African regiment. A regional newspaper, "Le Bien Public," for January to April 1945 yielded no trace. A letter to the army's historical service in Vincennes was also unhelpful, as they referred the inquiry to archives in Pau, which stated that all units present in Renève had been dissolved and could not provide military names. The Vincennes service did, however, suggest contacting them again, creating a circular path.

Visits to the "moulin de la Roye" and Renève yielded nothing. Contact with the owner of the château, M. Sur, revealed that the archives had been destroyed. He did, however, provide the address of a local history enthusiast.

New Leads and the Soldier's Testimony

Through a contact named M. Petit Clair, ADRUP learned that a young local girl had married a soldier from this regiment. The marriage took place in Essertène-Cecey. After confirming this with the mayor of that commune, two names and an address were obtained. M. Z., who married Mlle Y in December 1946, was identified as a former soldier of the air force regiment CTA 154, which was stationed in Renève from late 1944 to early 1945.

This regiment did indeed have a mascot. Initially, it was a German Shepherd dog that was stolen. It was replaced by a small monkey, a type of ouistiti, brought by a soldier from the AEF (African Expeditionary Force).

An ADRUP investigator, J.C. Calmettes, interviewed M. Z., who described the monkey as having short, black fur, a lighter face, and fine features. It wore a burgundy velvet outfit and a black cap. Its tail was not tucked into its pants but hung free. The monkey reportedly disappeared in early 1945. M. Z. claimed to have photos, but they were not found at the time. Due to illness and personal difficulties, M. Z. could not be reached again until 1997. He then provided further details: the monkey was 20-50 cm tall with a medium-length tail, wore pants, and its clothing was multicolored (green, red, and gold). It wore a cap but no gloves. It was affectionate but often escaped. It usually walked. M. Z. later found a photo in his attic showing him holding the monkey, but the photo was of poor quality, making the animal difficult to discern but its small size evident.

Re-evaluating the Description: Monkey vs. Humanoid

The article then systematically compares the abbe's description with the characteristics of a monkey, particularly the ouistiti, to see if the visual error is plausible.

• Miniature man (17 cm): A pygmy ouistiti measures about 15 cm, making the size estimate plausible. The witness's appreciation of size might be subjective.
• Chubby, grey hair, full beard: Monkeys have fur-covered faces, and the fur on the cheeks and face could be mistaken for a beard. The description from Alika Lindbergh's book about a red, thin, and bearded animal crossing a road is cited as a similar case.
• Appeared like a breathless old man: A monkey's face can resemble an older human's, and its natural panting could be mistaken for breathlessness. The entity's mouth was closed, which the article argues is not typical for someone trying to catch their breath.
• Rod behind its head: This could be interpreted as a tail, either caught in clothing or held upright, consistent with a ouistiti's tail length.
• Dressed: rust-colored jumpsuit, no belt, no buttons, boots: The mascot was dressed, and dressed monkeys are not uncommon. Shoes are often omitted to allow more freedom.
• Hands like mittens: The hands of small monkeys can appear disproportionately large compared to their bodies.
• Did not speak, no odor: No comment is made on this, as it doesn't strongly support either hypothesis.
• Walked for 2 meters, disappeared into a thicket: Monkeys can walk and are agile.
• Appeared scared, fearful eyes: A monkey's large, globular eyes can give an impression of fear.

Reactions and Reflections on the Investigation

Abbé X responded to ADRUP's findings in July, vehemently rejecting the monkey theory. He reiterated his conviction that he saw a "little humanoid" and found the monkey theory "ridiculous and pure imagination." He stated he would not have contacted GEPA if he hadn't been sure of his observation and disagreed entirely with ADRUP's conclusion.

M. Bastide, in a letter, questioned the intellectual honesty of suggesting a monkey when the priest insisted it was not. He argued against a priori assumptions and defended the honesty of priests.

Another ufologist, anonymously, also disagreed, stating that the investigators ignored animal behavior, and that dressing a monkey, shaving its tail, and putting it in a tunic to resemble the described figure was an "imagination fertile." He concluded that what the priest saw could not be a dressed monkey.

Bernard Heuvelmans, a zoologist, is mentioned for his studies on various unusual animal subjects. He is quoted as saying that history is often truncated or biased, but rumors often prove founded, sometimes sophisticated to fit myths.

Conclusion

The GEPA, 25 years prior, had concluded an extraterrestrial hypothesis based solely on the figure wearing clothes and equipment, ruling out an animal. The witness remained convinced he saw a miniature man.

The ADRUP investigation revealed the more rational hypothesis of a dressed monkey, a mascot on the loose. While this investigation does not provide irrefutable proof, the article presents a probabilistic exercise for the reader to consider two events:

• Event A: A regiment stationed in Renève in 1945 had a mascot, which was a dressed monkey (a small ouistiti) that sometimes escaped.
• Event B: A priest in Renève in 1945 observed a small being, which was a dressed man, the same size as a ouistiti, and the observation occurred in the countryside.

The author leaves it to the reader to judge which event holds the truth, acknowledging the schematic nature of the approach but suggesting a strong probability that the two events might be one and the same.

Bibliography

A comprehensive bibliography is provided, listing newspaper articles, encyclopedias, books on animals and human-animal hybrids, and archives related to GEPA and personal collections.

Acknowledgements

The author thanks M. Z. for his testimony and M. Henry-Jean Besset for allowing access to GEPA documents. The witness, Abbé X, is also acknowledged, with his sincerity not being doubted.

Appendices of Analogous Cases

Several similar cases are presented from different locations and dates:

• Long Prairie, Minnesota (USA), October 23, 1965: Witnesses saw a vertical, rocket-shaped object with a light circle, from which emerged three 12 cm tall figures resembling cylindrical boxes with matchbox-like arms.
• Buck Mertajam, Malaisie, August 19, 1970: Six students saw a small saucer land, with five small figures (7.5 cm) emerging, dressed in yellow and blue, with oblique eyes.
• Bonstruck, Sweden, October 11, 1972: An engineer and his wife saw small delta-wing aircraft with a 30 cm wingspan.
• Ibague, Colombie, September 10, 1973: Four students and a police officer encountered four small beings (about 20 cm) that disappeared. Small footprints were photographed.
• Mendoza, Argentine, October 1979: A doctor photographed a 15 cm tall orange man, described as an elementary being similar to a gnome.

Plates

A list of plates is provided, including representations of the "little man," comparisons with drawings and photos of monkeys, newspaper articles, the GEPA investigation, sketches, location plans, images of monkeys, and writings by Abbé Moreux.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The recurring theme is the critical analysis of UFO and humanoid sightings, with a strong emphasis on seeking rational, mundane explanations. The editorial stance appears to favor skepticism towards extraordinary claims, advocating for thorough investigation and the consideration of alternative hypotheses, such as misidentification of animals or known phenomena. The magazine highlights the importance of detailed research, witness sincerity, and the potential for human error in perception and interpretation. The publication seems to aim at debunking or re-contextualizing sensational reports by presenting evidence-based counter-arguments and analogous cases.

This issue of "Phénomènes Spatiaux," published by G.E.P.A. in September 1975, focuses on a fascinating and peculiar case: "Le Petit Bonhomme de Renève" (The Little Man of Renève). The cover prominently features a drawing of a diminutive humanoid figure, approximately 17 cm tall, with a spike protruding from its head, accompanied by a measurement indicating its size. The issue delves into the details of this encounter, which took place in April 1945.

The Renève Encounter: A Priest's Testimony

The central narrative revolves around the testimony of a priest, identified as M. l'abbé X., who, in April 1945, while gathering mushrooms near Renève, France, encountered a tiny being. The priest, described as a man of great common sense and sincerity, waited thirty years before sharing his experience, feeling a moral obligation to report it to a scientific society due to its exceptional nature. He described the being as a "little man" about 17 centimeters tall, moving quickly and appearing scared and out of breath. The priest noted the being wore a dark, flexible suit and carried a spike-like object on its back. He expressed regret for not attempting to intercept the creature, fearing he might injure it with the object it carried.

Investigation and Hypotheses

The G.E.P.A. (Groupement d'étude de phénomènes aériens), a group dedicated to studying aerial phenomena, investigated the case. Their initial hypothesis leaned towards an extraterrestrial origin, classifying it among numerous observations of humanoids worldwide. However, another organization, ADRUP (Association dijonnaise de recherches ufologiques et parapsychologiques), proposed a different explanation: that the sighting might have been of a small monkey. The magazine includes an article by Henry-Jean Besset, who conducted an on-site investigation and interviewed the priest. The issue also features illustrations by Joël Mesnard, Francine Fouéré, and Raoul Robé, interpreting the event.

Context and Related Cases

The magazine places the Renève incident within a broader context of humanoid sightings. It references other cases, including a 17 cm tall being seen in France in 1945, a 20 cm tall figure in Colombia in 1973, and a 17 cm individual in Puerto Rico in 1975. It also touches upon the historical context of 'little people' legends and mentions other unusual aerial phenomena reported in the past.

Editorial Stance

The editorial stance of "Phénomènes Spatiaux" appears to be open to extraordinary claims, particularly those supported by credible witnesses like M. l'abbé X. The magazine emphasizes the importance of listening to such testimonies, even if they seem fantastic, and encourages readers to consider the possibility of phenomena beyond current scientific understanding. The publication aims to document and analyze these events, providing a platform for researchers and enthusiasts in the field of ufology and parapsychology.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

This issue highlights recurring themes in ufology: the existence of small humanoids, the potential for extraterrestrial visitation, and the challenges of investigating and verifying such phenomena. The magazine's editorial stance is one of serious inquiry, presenting witness accounts and investigative findings while acknowledging alternative explanations. It encourages critical thinking and open-mindedness in exploring the unexplained.

This issue, identified as "Planche 11" with volume "43" and page number "- 43 -", appears to be part of a larger publication, possibly a magazine or journal focused on ufology and related phenomena. The content is primarily in French, with some English references. The date associated with the content is January 1978, as indicated by the "Science & Vie" citation.

The Renève Encounter The central focus of this section is the detailed account of an encounter with a small humanoid being, referred to as the "petit bonhomme" (little man), by a priest identified as Abbé X. The observation took place near Renève, France. The witness described the being as approximately 30 cm tall, wearing a dark burgundy, matte, flexible suit that covered its entire body, including hands and feet, leaving only its head exposed. The suit had no visible buttons or closures. A peculiar "spike" or "pique" was noted on its back, extending about 2 cm above its head, which seemed to adhere to the suit and descend into the heel area, slightly affecting its gait. The witness initially thought the suit might be made of rubber but later considered plastic. The being's hands and feet were encased in "moulles" (molds), and the witness could not recall if the thumb was separate.

The witness, Abbé X., approached the being, which was walking on a communal dirt path. The being moved quickly and appeared out of breath, seemingly both fearful and curious. It stopped about 30 cm from the priest and stared intently before continuing on and disappearing into dense undergrowth. The priest did not attempt to capture the being, partly due to a fear of being injured by the "spike," which he associated with poisoned darts from adventure novels, and partly due to concerns about damaging the being's delicate internal instruments.

Biological and Scientific Analysis Henry-Jean Besset, an associate of the witness, emphasized the quality of the witness's testimony and the exceptional nature of the observation, prompting further investigation. The priest was interviewed in Paris by collaborators, including Jean-Michel Dutuit, a Doctor of Science and paleontologist, and Michel Trouble. Dutuit concluded that the observed being was a "human in reduction," possessing all the physical characteristics and proportions of a healthy human of white race, but in a miniaturized form.

The article notes that a single testimony, even from a credible source, does not constitute scientific proof. However, if corroborated by other witnesses, the case would gain significant credibility.

Witness's Interpretation and Evolution of Thought The witness, Abbé X., initially interpreted the encounter based on his prior knowledge, not yet being familiar with concepts like flying saucers or UFOs. His interpretation leaned towards the being being a primate or an unevolved human ancestor. He recalled reading Abbé Moreux's works on human origins and the evolution of the horse, leading him to consider a similar evolutionary process for humans. He stated, "During my time at the Petit Séminaire, I had read the four volumes of Abbé Moreux where the origin of man is discussed, but also the evolutionary process of the horse. Initially, a small mammal the size of a cat, progressing over millennia to reach the current size. By deduction, I could attribute the same evolutionary process to humans, successively passing through analogous stages..."

However, he later reflected that if he had seen any craft related to flying saucers near the mysterious being, his conclusion would have been different, leading him to believe it was an extraterrestrial. He expressed regret for not having been able to gather more information. He also noted the absence of any sound or trace left by the being, attributing this to its light weight and the dry, compact soil. He did not detect any particular odor.

Additional Details and Reflections The priest's account is supplemented with notes from his interviews and correspondence. He expressed a desire to have been able to enter into contact with the being to obtain information. He also reflected on the potential implications of such encounters, suggesting that if extraterrestrials have observed humanity during wartime, they might have developed a cautious and prudent attitude towards us. He hoped his encounter might contribute to future, more open dialogues.

Michel Trouble noted the priest's perception of the being's breathlessness, despite its mouth being closed, and the palpable fear observed. The article questions the extent to which human interpretations of the expressions of such small beings are accurate.

The priest maintained that the being was tangible and not a phantom or a religious apparition, despite his faith. He described the being's face as expressive and immediately readable by a human.

The article addresses potential skepticism towards the priest's account, given his religious background, and explores the priest's own internal conflict and reasoning. He asserts that he did not believe it was a supernatural apparition, as evidenced by his contemplation of apprehending the being, which he would not have considered if he believed it to be a divine manifestation.

Related Cases and Observations The issue then shifts to other related observations and cases:

Long Prairie, Minnesota, USA (October 23, 1965) J. Townsend, a 19-year-old radio speaker, reported his car and radio failing on Route 27. He then saw a vertical, rocket-shaped object, approximately 3 meters in diameter and 10 meters high, resting on three fins. Three characters, about 12 cm tall, described as dark green, cylindrical, with tripod legs and arm-like appendages, emerged from the object. They approached him, stared, and then re-entered the object, which then took off. The car's engine, radio, and headlights immediately resumed functioning. Police investigators found oily trails on the road, and other witnesses reported seeing an unusual light in the sky.

Bukit Mertajam, Malaysia (August 1, 1970) This case involves six students who observed a small, turtle-shaped "saucer" land near their school. Five small "characters," about 3 inches tall, descended via a ramp. The "chief" was dressed in yellow and wore two horns, while the others were dressed in blue. They were described as having oblique eyes and miniature cannons. The students returned to the scene later.

"Short-tailed" Monkeys in China A brief mention is made of about twenty rare "short-tailed" monkeys, described as "wild men," discovered on Mount Huangshan in Anhui province, China. These monkeys are noted for their superior intelligence and ability to imitate human movements.

Primate Psychology and Behavior Several sections discuss primates:

• Le Ouistiti Pygmée (Pygmy Marmoset): Described as the world's smallest monkey, measuring about 15 cm with a 18-20 cm tail, weighing up to 80g. It is agile, feeds on fruits, leaves, and insects, and lives in the Amazonian forests of South America. They typically have two young per litter.
• Record Incongruous: A brief note reiterates the pygmy marmoset's small size (15 cm body, 15 cm tail, 50-80g weight) and its origin in Colombia.
• Rhésus Monkeys: Mentioned as familiar monkeys often seen in zoos and circuses, with the rhesus being the first monkey in space. However, they are noted to become aggressive with age. The article suggests tamarins or marmosets as better pets due to their good temperament.
• Affection and Delinquency: This section summarizes experiments by Dr. Horry F. Harlow at the University of Wisconsin, which demonstrated the crucial importance of maternal affection on the future behavior of young rhesus monkeys. Monkeys deprived of maternal contact exhibited abnormal behavior, including fear, hyper-aggression, self-directed aggression, sexual deviance, cruelty towards their own offspring, and depression.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance The recurring themes in this issue revolve around unexplained phenomena, particularly encounters with small humanoids and extraterrestrial beings. The editorial stance appears to be one of serious investigation and analysis, presenting witness testimonies alongside scientific and biological interpretations. There is an emphasis on credible witnesses and the need for corroboration. The issue also touches upon the broader context of potential extraterrestrial life and its implications for humanity, as well as exploring the behavior and psychology of primates, drawing parallels or contrasts with the reported encounters.

This issue of "Science et Vie" from July 1979 features a cover story on the use of capuchin monkeys as auxiliary nurses for the infirm. It also delves into a series of UFO sightings and alleged religious apparitions in the Lorraine region of France, exploring potential connections to sects and historical events. The magazine also includes a piece discussing the nature of UFO hunting versus ufology.

Capuchin Monkeys as Assistants for the Infirm

The main article, "DES SINGES AUXILIAIRES D'INFIRMES" (Capuchin Monkeys as Assistants for the Infirm), highlights an experimental rehabilitation program led by Dr. A.M.J. Willard, a psychologist at Tufts Medical Center. The program aims to train capuchin monkeys to assist quadriplegic individuals, drawing a parallel to trained guide dogs for the blind. The article notes the timidity and gentleness of capuchin monkeys, making them suitable for this role. Dr. Willard chose this species due to their hereditary behavior, characterized by shyness and a lack of aggression, combined with docility and affection.

The experience involves teaching the monkeys tasks such as operating levers, opening doors, using elevators via a light indicator, retrieving items, and managing household appliances. One monkey, Tish, demonstrated impressive command-following abilities, including responding to calls, jumping on its owner, retrieving objects, and operating lights and doorbells. Another monkey, Crystal, learned to feed a human with a spoon, with over 95% of the food reaching its destination, and could also open doors by inserting a key and turning it.

The training period for both the monkey and the disabled person is estimated to be two to three months. The article points out the practical advantages of using animal assistants, including cost savings (estimated at 120 French Francs per day compared to human assistants) and psychological benefits, such as a greater sense of control for the patient. The longevity of capuchin monkeys (around twenty years, potentially longer with good veterinary care) also offers a form of security.

Dr. Willard envisions creating schools for capuchin monkeys and acknowledges being a precursor in this field, drawing parallels to the delayed systematic training of guide dogs.

The Valley of the Meerkats

This section introduces a book titled "La vallée des meerkats" (The Valley of the Meerkats) by Alain and Sylvie Robert. It describes their three-year adventure in the Kalahari Desert, observing and interacting with meerkats, small mongooses known for their curiosity and social behavior. The text highlights the meerkats' vigilance, their interactions with predators like jackals and scorpions, and their eventual acceptance of human presence, including allowing caresses.

Links Between Apparitions and Sects: Bouxières-aux-Dames and Clémery

This extensive section investigates a series of alleged apparitions and UFO sightings in the Lorraine region, particularly in Bouxières-aux-Dames and Clémery, France.

Bouxières-aux-Dames Phenomena:

• 1936-1947: Several believers, including Adeline Pietoquin, Gabrielle Hams, and Mlle Giroux, reported Marian apparitions and divine messages. The local priest, Abbé Césard, encouraged the construction of a chapel, leading to a parallel cult that divided the community. His superiors eventually intervened, and the movement ended in a politico-financial scandal in 1948.
• July 15, 1974: Three children and adolescents witnessed a strange, massive white figure (1.20m to 1.50m tall) with a cubic head and no discernible features emerge from the woods. The figure walked mechanically and disappeared into the woods.
• October 12, 1978: Three adolescents observed a phosphorescent white human-like figure in a transparent tunic moving at high speed without touching the ground. The figure fled rapidly when illuminated by a flashlight.
• October 15, 1978: Two young men observed two identical vertical white forms emerge from the woods and move at high speed, disappearing quickly. The driver panicked and drove away.
• October 17, 1978: The same three young men, accompanied by two girls, encountered the phosphorescent white form again, which appeared in front of them and moved at high speed into the forest.

An explanation suggested by E. Maillot is a misinterpretation of headlights in a tree-lined alley, though the location's topography makes this less likely. The article notes that these later sightings occurred after the initial scandal involving Abbé Césard.

The Clémery Sect:

The article then shifts to a sect known as the "Communauté du Pape Clément XV" (Community of Pope Clement XV), which existed in Clémery between 1972 and 1978. This sect, described as folkloric, was Catholic and published a journal denouncing Pope Paul VI. The sect's sanctuary was located in Clémery, a village near Nancy.

In 1978, an investigator named Jean Mouton visited a restaurant associated with Clément XV, which served pilgrims. He observed that the walls were covered with photos of the "Gourou" and his cardinals, as well as a photo of a flying saucer.

In 1979, Belgian authors D. and G. Lemaire published a critique of Clément XV, who they claimed believed in E.T.s and a "cosmic church." They quoted him as saying, "End to the Roman Church! May it disappear with its satanic ministers... And may God send fire from heaven and cleanse the world of the guilty ecclesiastical order by using our INTERPLANETARY BROTHERS."

Illustrations from the sect's journal included drawings of Adamski-type flying saucers over the "Petit Vatican." The authors concluded that the sect was satanic and manipulated by "evil" to undermine Christianity.

The Return of Abbé Césard:

The article reconnects the Bouxières-aux-Dames apparitions with Abbé Césard. After being expelled from his parish in Bouxières-aux-Dames in 1948, he became a priest in Mécleuves. In the 1960s, he claimed to possess a miraculous statue of Christ that bled twice a month. He associated with two other abbés, André Althoffer and Michel Collin, and they allegedly exploited believers' credulity by selling relics and images of the bleeding statue.

In 1960, the Bishop of Nancy condemned their actions, and they moved to Clémery with their followers. Michel Collin proclaimed himself Pope Clément XV, supported by other abbés who shared his devotion to the Virgin Mary, grottos, apparitions, and miracles. However, their relationship deteriorated due to competition and mutual animosity.

The Interplanétaires:

According to author A. Delestre, in August 1966, inhabitants of other planets allegedly appeared to Clément XV (Abbé Collin) near the Lourdes grotto at the "Petit Vatican" in Clémery. They were described as wearing white tunics or shining armor and spoke various languages, including French and German, but primarily communicated telepathically. Following this, numerous flying saucers were reportedly seen in the sky above Clémery. An E.T. messenger allegedly visited a believer, appearing as a giant foot and then three men with blond hair and blue eyes, who communicated telepathically.

Clarifications:

The author suggests that Abbé Césard was likely the instigator of the alleged Marian apparitions in Bouxières-aux-Dames. The article questions whether younger witnesses in more recent cases might have been influenced or manipulated, considering the historical context of the 1947 scandal. The author leans towards a socio-folklorist hypothesis of contemporary myths, suggesting that former believers might be reviving pilgrimages or engaging in polemics out of resentment.

Ni Ufologue Ni Mycologue... Chasseur d'Ovniss

This section critiques a UFO enthusiast named Joël, who appeared on the TV show "Zone Interdite." Joël dismisses the possibility that circular grass patterns, known as "witch's brooms," could be caused by mushrooms, calling it a "conspiracy of silence" regarding UFOs. The author points out that Joël is unaware of the existence of annular myceliums, which are well-known in mycology. The article suggests that Joël's obsession with UFOs leads him to ignore or misinterpret natural phenomena. It implies that occultism and ufological paranoia are gaining more ground in France than mycological knowledge.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The magazine consistently explores the intersection of the unexplained, scientific inquiry, and human belief systems. It presents detailed investigations into UFO phenomena, alleged paranormal events, and religious mysteries, often seeking rational explanations or historical context. The editorial stance appears to favor critical analysis and evidence-based reporting, while acknowledging the enduring fascination with the unknown. The magazine also highlights the potential for interspecies communication and assistance, as seen in the article on capuchin monkeys. The recurring theme of skepticism versus belief is evident throughout, particularly in the discussions of UFO sightings and religious phenomena.

This document, titled "FICHE MEPRISE C.N.E.G.U" and dated December 12, 1997, is a technical sheet or report focusing on "LES MYCELIUMS ANNULAIRES" (Annular Mycelia). It appears to be part of a larger publication, indicated by page numbers like '-64-', '-65-', etc., and references to 'EMT' and 'Version 2 révisée'. The content delves into the phenomenon of circular traces on the ground, often associated with fungal growth, and explores their potential connection to UFO sightings.

Mycelium Annulaires: Characteristics and Observations

The report details the characteristics of annular mycelia, describing their shape as circular, elliptical, or horseshoe-shaped, with diameters ranging from 1 meter to hundreds of meters. The width of the annulus typically varies from 7.5cm to 100cm. These formations are commonly found in clearings, meadows, or cereal fields. The vegetation within the annulus may show increased growth or appear scorched, sometimes due to ammonia and antibiotic byproducts from the fungus. Soil analysis can reveal whitish mycelial filaments and changes in soil structure, making it more compact and less permeable.

Specific cases are discussed, including one near Gué d'Hossus where the plant species Carex Ovalis was noted. The famous trace of Delphos is mentioned as a common annular mycelium that was identified through microscopic and pedological analyses. Despite the presence of a higher calcium content in the trace, the associated UFO sighting did not gain as much attention in France as in other contexts.

The document emphasizes that the absence of visible mycelium does not rule out an unknown phenomenon, as ancient substructures can also cause similar vegetation variations. It criticizes 'ufology' for presenting 'proofs' without adequate methodology, suggesting that the field's own evidence can lead to its discrediting.

UFOs and Mycelium: Exploring the Connection

The article questions the often-assumed link between fungi and UFOs, citing a 1954 publication that suggested a connection. It argues that a temporal or spatial link does not imply causality, drawing a parallel to how some might falsely claim that mushroom circles cause people to see UFOs. The text notes that ancient peoples attributed these geometric traces to imaginary beings, a myth now replaced by the more technological concept of UFOs and their occupants.

Bertrand Méheust is cited for linking flying saucers and folklore, but the author suggests that many folkloric traces might stem from misinterpreted physical phenomena (mycological or archaeological). Archaeologists are noted to use local legends to identify sites with ancient substructures.

Case Studies and References

Several specific cases are detailed:

• Virlet (Puy de Dôme): Friends of the correspondent discovered two rings, one 12 meters in diameter and 45 cm wide, and a smaller one 8 meters in diameter. The vegetation inside and outside the rings was normal, but the ground within the rings was scorched and flattened. The landowners reported large mushrooms growing in the first year after the rings appeared, but none since.
• St-Pierre-des-Nids (Mayenne): In the summer of 1986, a dry grass circle, 20.8 meters in outer diameter and 1.70 meters in inner diameter, was observed. The soil within contained a whitish substance. Poultry avoided the circle, and a separate incident of a luminous object was reported in the area.
• Bilaudière (Allier): In August 1971, a trace over 20 meters in diameter was found, with a 1-meter wide ring where the grass was burnt. The soil appeared reduced to powder. By 1975, the trace was elliptical, measuring 26m by 24m, with darker, denser vegetation inside. For three years, the soil remained bare, with vegetation only returning in late 1974. A second, smaller trace (2 meters in diameter) appeared nearby in a orchard. In August 1974, the main trace was covered with unusually large mushrooms.

References are provided for mycological and ufological sources, including publications like 'INFORESPACE', 'ACOS bulletin', 'LDLN', and books by Henry Romagnesi, R.Detrey, Guy Fourré, Ted Phillips, Philipp Klass, Bertrand Méheust, and Thomas Keightley.

Operation Saros and Tintin's UFO Coverage

The document also includes a section on "OPÉRATION SAROS," a quiz related to lunar cycles and UFO phenomena, suggesting a connection between astronomical events and sightings. It references a 1974 event that triggered this operation and asks questions about the origin of the name 'SAROS' and relevant magazine articles.

Another section discusses the magazine TINTIN's coverage of flying saucers in 1952, noting that youth magazines were already presenting visions of UFOs. It reproduces the cover of TINTIN N° 204 from September 18, 1952, which featured a dossier on "Soucoupes Volantes" (Flying Saucers).

UFOs from Another World?

This part of the document explores the question of whether UFOs come from another world. It recounts an incident in Brazil in May of the previous year where reporters Martins and Keffel photographed a round, flat object. It also mentions Carl Hart's 1951 photograph of luminous points. The article highlights the US Air Force's serious approach to UFO reports, urging citizens to report sightings and deploying military resources to investigate. It contrasts this with earlier dismissiveness.

The text then delves into historical UFO encounters, starting with Kenneth Arnold's sighting in 1947, which popularized the term "flying saucer." It recounts the tragic case of Captain Thomas Mantell in 1951, who pursued an unidentified object and disappeared. The article notes that various shapes of UFOs have been reported, including discs, cigars, and fireballs, and that the question of their origin—terrestrial or extraterrestrial—remains.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The recurring themes in this document are the investigation of anomalous ground traces, particularly those linked to mycelium, and the exploration of UFO phenomena. There's a clear attempt to bridge the gap between scientific observation (mycology, geology) and the more speculative field of ufology. The editorial stance appears to be one of cautious inquiry, acknowledging the existence of unexplained phenomena while criticizing unsubstantiated claims and advocating for rigorous methodology. The document highlights the historical evolution of interpreting these phenomena, from ancient folklore to modern technological explanations, and emphasizes the need for scientific investigation over mere speculation. The inclusion of a quiz on 'Operation Saros' and a discussion of Tintin's early UFO coverage suggests an interest in popular culture's engagement with these topics.

This issue of the magazine, titled "DES EXTRATERRESTRES TROP HUMAINS" (Extraterrestrials Too Human), features a lead article about a close encounter near the Château de Buron. The issue date is indicated as February 1969 for one of the referenced articles, but the content discusses events and publications from the 1950s through the 1970s, with the main article dated 10.01.98. The primary focus is on re-examining alleged UFO sightings and photographic evidence, proposing rational explanations, often involving misidentification of human activities or optical illusions.

Rencontre rapprochée au Château de Buron près de Coudes

The main article details an observation made by children playing near the Château de Buron in the Puy de Dôme region, likely in the summer of 1954 or 1956. The children described two figures, approximately 0.90 to 1 meter tall, wearing large, silver, shiny suits resembling space suits, and large helmets with flat, circular visors. These figures were observed walking with difficulty, not bending their legs, and placing stones into a rectangular box. The article, referencing Jean Sider's book on the 1954 wave, notes the imprecision of the date.

Hypotheses and Variants

Several hypotheses are explored to explain this observation. One suggests the figures were beekeepers, whose protective suits and helmets could resemble the description. The estimated height of 0.90 to 1 meter, based on childhood memories from a distance of 25-30 meters, is noted as potentially unreliable. It's suggested that the beekeepers might have been collecting pieces of a large bee swarm, or placing stones on beehive lids to secure them against animals or wind. The slow, cautious movements would be consistent with handling beehives.

Another explanation posits that the figures were indeed beekeepers, placing stones on beehive covers. The visual impression of stones being placed in a box could be due to the varied types of hives, the presence of a rim, or stones matching the color of the hive covers. The alignment of multiple hives could create an illusion of depth and placement within a box. The summer afternoon timing (around 2 PM) would also explain the slow pace due to heat, and the need to bend the back rather than the legs when carrying loads, leading to a posture that might appear unusual.

The article further suggests that the description of the "enormous helmet, 50 cm in diameter, with a flat circular visor like an English helmet but larger, and made of the same material as a diving suit" could correspond to a white colonial-style hat with a net, often worn by beekeepers. Glasses worn under the net could explain a shiny reflection on the face area.

Conclusion on Buron Case

The conclusion is that no UFO was actually seen. The case was sensationalized by the review LDLN as an "unknown landing in the Puy-de-Dôme." Michel Figuet had classified it as "unclassified" due to the absence of any UFO evidence. The article strongly suggests the figures were humans engaged in terrestrial work, likely beekeeping. The difficulty in confirming this hypothesis stems from the age of the observation, making it impossible to contact the landowners or their descendants.

Analysis of UFO Photos: Optical Reflections and Ufology

This section critically examines photographic evidence presented as UFOs, arguing that many are merely optical artifacts.

Tokyo UFO Photos

Two Japanese photographs from September 1973, taken by a student in Tokyo of a television tower, showed apparent UFOs. These were later explained as reflections from a streetlight, with the apparent movement of the UFOs being an artifact of the camera's position relative to the light source. The photographer, unaware of the phenomenon at the time, demonstrated good faith but lacked photographic expertise. The article questions whether the SOBEPS, who published these photos, ever issued a correction.

Washington D.C. UFO Photo

An article in "INCROYABLE et SCIENTIFIQUE" presented a color photo allegedly of UFOs over Washington in July 1952. The magazine is criticized for not referencing the photo's origin and for presenting it as proof. The article asserts that the image is merely an "armada of reflections from luminaires," not an invasion of UFOs. This explanation was reportedly sent to the magazine, but no correction was published. The author questions whether such publications deliberately mislead their readers.

St Vallier Case and Lens Flares

The article revisits the case of St Vallier, previously discussed in issue number three. Six reflections on photos taken by Didier Basset were identified as symmetrical artifacts, likely caused by bright light sources such as flares. While the original object's characteristics could not be studied due to the lack of negatives, these reflections could have provided more reliable information. The author laments that ufologists and journalists often prioritize sensationalism over analysis, leading to a superficial understanding of cases.

General Photographic Artifacts

Many UFO photographs are presented as simple optical illusions. The article notes that even if they are illusions, they reveal as much about the light source that created them as about the motivations of those who present them as evidence.

Confirmation of Last Minute Information

Following the completion of the main text, Michel Figuet provided a copy of the "OFFICIAL UFO" magazine from July 1976. An article within this magazine, co-authored by Major S. Colman, Von Keviczky, and Karl Veit, discusses sigls observed on UFOs and confirms that the Washington photo was taken in 1952 and was known to ufologists. However, it reiterates that no UFOs were involved, only reflections.

Washington Photo Analysis

A diagram from the "VERIFICATION FOR LENS FLARE" section explains that the Washington photo shows a circular zone centered on the optical axis of the lens, where reflections form. The intensity of the reflection decreases and the doubling effect increases further from the center. The article notes that this effect was also observed in photos from the Apollo XI mission, interpreted as UFOs. The author questions why such explanations do not circulate more widely in France, suggesting a possible selective forgetting or lack of dissemination of information.

The Luminous Entity of Meylan (Isère)

This section investigates an observation made by Julien Hermann, a factory watchman, on December 12, 1976, at 6 AM. The case, published in the reviews OURANOS and "Ces ovnis qui nous observent," was considered a model investigation by Edmond Thomas due to its detailed description of the environment and chronology.

Investigation and Hypothesis

The investigation suggests that the luminous entity, described as fluorescent green and immobile, measuring about 1.70 meters, and surrounded by a circle of light on the ground, might have been an optical illusion. The witness, possibly tired, observed the phenomenon from his office, looking towards a large bay window. The hypothesis is that the entity was not a physical object but a virtual one created by a combination of real elements.

Optical Illusion Explanation

The proposed explanation involves reflections from a lawn lighting globe, possibly combined with an arbuste (bush) that appeared to be the "body" of the entity. The "fluorescent green" light could be due to tinted window panes. The circle of light on the ground would be the illuminated lawn area. The illusion would occur when the witness's line of sight, through the bay window, aligned the reflection of the globe with the arbuste. The disappearance of the entity would coincide with the witness moving out of the specific alignment required for the illusion.

Photographic Evidence and Analysis

Two photos taken by E. Thomas on February 25, 1977, show the location of the observation. These photos reveal the watchman's cabin, the surrounding grounds, and importantly, the presence of lighting globes and electrical cables. The analysis of Photo 1, taken during the day, reveals two reflections of lighting globes (labeled B and C), suggesting that the initial hypothesis of a single globe might be insufficient. The presence of multiple globes, strategically positioned, could create a more complex optical illusion.

Conclusion on Meylan Case

The article concludes that the entity likely had no physical reality, even though the witness may have genuinely seen it. It dismisses explanations involving mental projection or extraterrestrial time travel, favoring a simpler optical explanation. The lack of a precise reconstruction of the witness's exact position and the time of day, along with the general lack of interest in prosaic explanations for unusual observations at the time, prevented a definitive confirmation. The witness, M. Hermann, could not be located to provide further input.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The recurring theme throughout this issue is the critical examination of UFO reports and photographic evidence, with a strong emphasis on finding rational explanations. The editorial stance appears to be skeptical of sensationalist claims and advocates for rigorous analysis, particularly in identifying optical illusions, misidentifications, and natural phenomena as the source of alleged UFO sightings. The magazine aims to debunk common UFO narratives by providing detailed, evidence-based counter-explanations, often drawing on scientific principles like optics and photography. There is a clear critique of media outlets and ufologists who, in the author's view, prioritize sensationalism over accuracy and thorough investigation.

This issue of L'ASTRONOMIE magazine, dated January 1953, presents a comprehensive "Catalogue of Suspect Objects" compiled from observations recorded between 1951 and 1969. The publication, from the Société Astronomique de France, delves into various unexplained aerial phenomena and critically examines claims of ancient extraterrestrial contact.

Catalogue of Suspect Objects (1951-1969)

The "Catalogue d'Objets Suspects" section, compiled by Gilles DURAND, details numerous reports of unidentified flying objects. The editor notes that after the publication of the Condon report in 1969, reports of suspect objects rapidly decreased in the magazine's columns, questioning if there was a cause-and-effect relationship.

Several specific incidents are highlighted:

• December 16, 1951 (Tours, France): M. Pasquier reported witnessing unusual objects in the sky on four different occasions, sending details about their invisibility and suggestions regarding multiple stellar radio sources.
• September 19, 1952 (Beine to Chablis, Yonne, France): Pilot R. Sommer described an unknown object, olive-shaped and gold-colored with a vertical axis, appearing for about five minutes on a dark, moonless, and starless night. He ruled out terrestrial explanations like church illuminations or reflections after examining nearby villages.
• October 28, 1952 (Nemours to Fontainebleau, France): Engineer Marc Perrot reported seeing a small, orange-clear luminous crescent on the edge of a small cloud, which then transformed into a bright, small luminous disc that emitted a flash before extinguishing. A small black cloud remained, drifting towards the northeast. No aircraft or sound was detected.
• July 31 and August 4, 1952 (Puylaurens, Aude, France): Night watchman H. Siret reported multiple observations of suspect objects.
• September 15, 1952 (Thiès, Senegal): J. Grivel observed a large, reddish luminous point moving slowly and silently across the sky, changing direction and speed before disappearing.
• November 22, 1952 (Carnot, A.O.F.): R.P. Daniel and four others witnessed four reddish discs approaching, stopping, turning white, and then disappearing, appearing linked by a bright line.

The Meylan Case: A Re-examination

The issue revisits a case from Meylan, involving a guardian named M. Hermann and an entity he observed. The article, co-authored by E. Maillot and drawing on information from Edmond Thomas, proposes a re-evaluation of the event. Initially, the guardian reported seeing a luminous entity. However, subsequent analysis, including photos provided by Thomas, suggests the phenomenon might have been a reflection. The presence of exterior lighting globes (G1, G2, G3) and a specific arboreal structure (a sapling) are key to this hypothesis. The article details how a reflection from a globe, possibly G1, on a plastic-covered sapling, could have created the visual impression of a luminous entity, especially given the guardian's fatigue and the tinted bay window. The placement of the arbuste (sapling) is noted to be on the 'witness-entity' axis, supporting the reflection hypothesis. The investigation also considers the role of electrical cables, possibly for temporary lighting, and the possibility of the guardian being momentarily distracted or fatigued.

Further details from Edmond Thomas's follow-up investigation in February 1998 confirmed the existence of multiple lighting globes and noted that the area was a construction site at the time of the original observation. The article acknowledges that while a reflection might explain the visual appearance, it doesn't fully account for all aspects of the witness's experience, such as the radio crackling reported by Thomas.

Archaeology Fiction Ignores Hieroglyphs

This section critically examines claims that certain Egyptian hieroglyphs depict modern aircraft, helicopters, or UFOs. The article presents images of hieroglyphs that have been interpreted as such by some "archéologie fiction" enthusiasts.

• Abydos Helicopter Mania: The article discusses a bas-relief from the temple of Abydos, which some have interpreted as showing an "Abdyos helicopter mania." Researchers like Thierry Wathelet and Egyptologists such as Mike Dyall-Smith and Katherine Griffis-Greenberg are cited. Dyall-Smith points out that the stone is eroded and that hieroglyphs have been filled in and re-engraved (palimpsests), a practice used to overwrite previous inscriptions, particularly during the reign of Ramses II to cover the works of Seti I.
• Debunking UFO Interpretations: The article strongly refutes the idea that hieroglyphs represent modern technology. It explains that symbols interpreted as aircraft, planes, or UFOs are actually common Egyptian hieroglyphs. For instance, a symbol interpreted as a helicopter is explained as a combination of a "bent arm at a right angle" and another glyph, possibly representing legs. A "planeur" is described as a common variant of the "bent arm" glyph. The article attributes these misinterpretations to a lack of knowledge in Egyptology and an overactive imagination.
• The "Maketaton Scene": A specific fresco, previously interpreted as a scene of an alien autopsy or a divine embalming, is identified as a "scene of lamentation and pain at the palace during the death of Princess Maketaton." The article dismisses claims of ancient Egyptian automobiles as fabrications, possibly linked to advertising campaigns.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The recurring themes in this issue are the critical examination of UFO reports, the debunking of pseudoscientific interpretations of ancient artifacts, and the importance of rigorous investigation and methodological accuracy in ufology and archaeology. The editorial stance is clearly skeptical of sensationalist claims and emphasizes the need for evidence-based analysis, distinguishing between coincidence and causality, and acknowledging the potential for misinterpretation and illusion. The magazine promotes a rational approach, encouraging readers to seek knowledge and verification rather than accepting speculative theories without scrutiny. The contributions highlight the importance of detailed research, cross-referencing information, and consulting expert opinions, particularly in fields like Egyptology, to avoid falling into the trap of "archéologie fiction."

This issue of "L'Astronomie" bulletin, dated March 1961, presents a compilation of numerous reports detailing observations of unidentified flying objects (UFOs) and other anomalous aerial phenomena. The content spans a period from December 1953 to December 1969, with a significant concentration of reports from the late 1950s and 1960s. The magazine acts as an archive for these sightings, often citing the source bulletin and page number, and providing details from the observers.

Reports of Suspect Objects

The majority of the issue is dedicated to cataloging individual sightings. Each entry typically includes the observer's name, location, the date and time of the observation, and a description of the object's characteristics and behavior.

Key incidents and observations include:

• December 1953: Claude Pasquier in Tours, France, reported two circular, low-flying craft emitting a continuous, hard, resonant sound, moving with absolute rectitude and identical displacement.
• March 1954: Em Rivière, an instructor in Lunel (Hérault), observed a bright white disk with three dark blue and red luminous cones that rapidly became invisible.
• December 1954: M.G. Mouillon, an engineer in Guenetard (Saône-et-Loire), observed a huge object enveloped in a green flame descending rapidly and vertically, with no sound.
• May 1956: Bjarne Solas reported a luminous object sighted near the Swedish-Norwegian border, which reappeared an hour later.
• February 1957: R. Veillith sent fourteen reports of suspect object sightings from August to November 1956, linking them to the proximity of Mars.
• May 1958: Bjarne Solas transmitted a Norwegian newspaper clipping about numerous people observing an object resembling a rocket crossing the sky.
• June 1958: J. Onof in Papeete (French Polynesia) noted a luminous object of apparent size comparable to the moon descending vertically into the ocean, appearing yellow and illuminated.
• March 1957: A report from "Communications Diverses" mentions a call from the "Ligue anti-atomique" regarding the dangers of radioactive infections.
• April 1959: Mr. G. Ileurtebize in Fianarantsoa, Madagascar, observed a luminous point moving rapidly among stars, following a trajectory parallel to a previous sighting the next day but shifted westward.
• June 1959: Mme Jean-Pierre in Montreal, Canada, observed a dark red ball moving slowly with variable speed. It stopped, detached a part, and then reappeared.
• January 1960: Mr. H. Gascon, Director General of the Gardel factory in Le Moule, Guadeloupe, reported a curious phenomenon on December 9, 1959, involving four brilliant stars, perfectly equidistant and aligned, which then dimmed and disappeared.
• May 1960: Mme La-Phung-Xuan in Saigon observed a luminous sphere with regular, variable-diameter oscillation.
• December 1960: Mr. R. Tison in Valenciennes observed a dark, undulating trail crossing the moon.
• February 1961: Mr. Bjarne Solas reported a brilliantly illuminated suspect object visible for 30 minutes.
• April 1961: Mr. Aquilina in Algiers reported a fireball moving rapidly at an estimated altitude of 500 meters.
• July/August 1963: Mme Boisselet, near Angers, observed an object appearing to be formed of three distinct parts.
• February 1967: Two strange phenomena were observed in Goré (Tchad) on July 19 and August 13, 1966, accompanied by a drawing.
• April 1967: An unusual object, large and brilliant white, was visible for over 2000 people in Mbalkabra (Tchad), remaining stationary before disappearing, leaving a slight mist.
• June 1967: Mr. Bjarne Solas reported a strange, elongated object surrounded by luminous points visible in Tromsø, Norway.
• February 1968: Mr. J. Saugère in Guéret observed an object brighter than Venus, moving slowly.
• March 1968: Mr. Mandré in Tangier observed an object of brilliance equal to Echo II, moving from West to East.
• July 1967: Numerous colleagues observed the disintegration of the Soviet satellite Cosmos 169.
• September 1967: Mr. P. Bec in Caumont observed a very large sphere reflecting solar rays, which then exploded into many brilliant points.
• August 1967: Mr. G. Garin in Nivelles observed six unidentified objects.
• July 1967: Mme F. Parturier observed about fifteen brilliant objects near Mantes.
• March 1968: Dr. J. Parent in Enghien-les-Bains observed a fireball brighter than Venus, descending vertically and leaving a smoke trail.
• May 1968: Mr. J.-L. Dulemba in Bastia suggested that flying saucers are due to the same luminous phenomenon as auroras.
• June/July 1968: Mr. C. Lascaux in Pacy-sur-Eure observed a luminous formation with two short, brilliant lines.
• February 1968: Mr. A. Bocugras observed a luminous point, later identified as a bluish disk with two diametrically opposed bright points.
• March 1969: Mr. J. Richard in Toulon reported a luminous phenomenon observed with a telescope.
• October 1968: Mr. J.C. Catteau in Roney observed three luminous objects moving at the same speed.
• September 1968: Mr. E. Du Chesne observed a celestial object brighter than a first-magnitude star, moving retrograde.
• August 1968: Captain J. Lefebvre described an object with a 5-degree apparent diameter, shaped like an equilateral triangle.
• April 1969: Mr. D. Roux in Limoges reported a red, very brilliant object that moved rapidly, stopped, changed direction, and disappeared.
• July/August 1969: Mr. P. Iliopoulos in Marseille observed a brilliant object moving towards Rigel.
• March 1969: Mr. L. Delpech in Rennes reported a luminous object with a diameter equivalent to the moon, shaped like an isosceles triangle.
• March 1969: Mr. Raith in Hautmont observed an object brighter than Polaris, moving slowly from North to South.
• September 1969: Mr. S. Casciotta observed a luminous object following a polar orbit.
• December 1968: Mr. D. Flamand observed a red object of second magnitude near the Pleiades.
• May 1969: Mr. P. Bulher observed an object brighter than Jupiter, with strong trajectory perturbations.
• May 1969: Mr. J. Randon observed a white light with stellar appearance.
• December 1969: Dr. A. Blunchereau observed a luminous object, blue-white, double, with two brilliant V-shaped traits.
• July 1969: Mr. L. Cassiau recalled observing a bright discoid object in Evreux.
• July 1969: Mr. A. Faure observed three luminous objects, one of which was orange and appeared composed of two close points.
• December 1968: Mr. F. Mandré attributed a nebulosity to a sodium cloud from a sounding rocket.
• December 1968: Mr. P. Stahl also suggested a sodium cloud from a rocket.
• May 1969: Mr. S. Casciota observed an object that traversed the sky at very high speed.

Communications Diverses and New Scientific Information

Beyond direct sightings, the issue includes "Communications Diverses" (Miscellaneous Communications). One such communication from Mr. R. Imberi, titled "Micromegas, will it return?", examines the consequences of future cosmic voyages and the plurality of inhabited worlds. Mr. P. Coursault shared summaries of his memoir on "Le phénomène Novatique" (The Novatic Phenomenon) and a communication on neutrinos.

Two Hors-Texte (Off-Text) sections provide broader scientific context:

• Hors-Texte A: "Nouvelles de la Science, Variétés, Informations - L'EXISTENCE «D'OBJETS VOLANTS NON IDENTIFIÉS» EXPLIQUÉE PAR LA THÉORIE DES PLASMAS?" This section explores the theory that many UFOs might be explained by atmospheric plasma phenomena, such as charged particle vortices interacting with ice crystals or dust. It suggests this theory could also help explain large-scale atmospheric events like hurricanes.
• Hors-Texte B: "Nouvelles de la Science, Variétés, Informations - ENQUÊTE SUR LES «OBJETS VOLANTS NON IDENTIFIÉS»" This section discusses a comprehensive study conducted by a group of 37 scientists under E.-V. Condon at the University of Colorado, funded by the U.S. Air Force. The study, comprising nearly 1500 pages, concluded after extensive investigation (including witness interviews, bibliographical review, laboratory experiments, and consultations with specialists in meteorology, optics, and radar) that the least plausible explanation for UFOs is the hypothesis of visits by intelligent extraterrestrial beings. Despite this conclusion, the report notes that the debate is far from over, with some scientists criticizing the findings and maintaining skepticism.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The recurring theme throughout this issue is the meticulous documentation of unexplained aerial phenomena. The editorial stance appears to be one of open reporting and scientific inquiry, presenting observations from various sources without necessarily endorsing any single explanation. The inclusion of scientific theories like the plasma hypothesis and the discussion of the Condon report indicate an effort to contextualize these sightings within a scientific framework, while acknowledging the limitations of current knowledge and the persistence of skepticism. The magazine serves as a historical record of UFO reports during a period of heightened public interest in the subject.

This issue of "LES OVNI DANS LA PRESSE" (UFOs in the Press) features several articles and reports related to UFO sightings and ufology. The publication date is indicated as Wednesday, October 29, 1997, with content from 'Le Républicain Lorrain' and 'Le Parisien (Yvelines)'.

OVNI dans le ciel de Metz : la lune préparait son éclipse

This article from 'Le Républicain Lorrain' dated September 18, 1997, debunks a UFO sighting in Metz. The phenomenon observed on Sunday, September 7, was explained by trigonometry as the moon beginning its total eclipse. Gendarme Grattet of the Metz brigade, with the help of witness testimonies and astronomical calculations, determined the object's location and timing, correlating it with the upcoming lunar eclipse. The article notes that the unusual appearance was due to atmospheric conditions, including a thick layer of clouds and a light mist, which created a deceptive image resembling a flying saucer.

"La soucoupe volante se trouvait à 50 mètres de nous"

Published in 'Le Parisien (Yvelines)' on October 29, 1997, this report details a troubling testimony from a couple in Dampierre, near the Yvelines/Essonne border. The couple claims to have encountered a 'flying saucer' in the forest of Maincourt-sur-Yvette early on a Sunday morning. They described a round object, larger than a helicopter, with a red light in the center and four white lights on the circumference, hovering about 50 meters above the woods. The object reportedly departed at high speed after they stopped to observe it. The witness, Bruno, expressed fear of being dismissed as delusional and stated he reported the incident to the gendarmerie, who had no other similar reports at the time.

Un nouveau témoignage troublant sur le mystérieux ovni

This article from Saint-Léger-en-Yvelines presents another witness account that may be related to the Yvelines sighting. An inhabitant reported seeing a strange, bright, round object in the sky around 4 AM on a Sunday, which she initially mistook for a shooting star. She described it as larger than an airplane and moving at a high, but not 'vertiginous,' speed. Upon reading the report about the couple's sighting, she felt it was likely the same phenomenon, as she lives on the other side of the Rambouillet forest.

LE CNEGU VU DE L'EXTÉRIEUR

This section, dated November 1997, provides an update on the CNEGU (Comité Nord-Est des Groupements Ufologiques). It details the deposit of the CNEGU archives with the Regional Archives of Lorraine in Metz on May 5, 1997, as part of a ufological heritage preservation mission. The archives were formed from donations from now-defunct ufological associations. The article also references various publications mentioning CNEGU or ufological topics, including 'L'ASTRONOMIE,' 'INH EVIDENCE,' and 'PROBLEMES POLITIQUES ET SOCIAUX.' It notes a debate on the paranormal and specific articles on crop circles and an extraordinary encounter in Tronville-en-Barrois.

QUESTION D'HUMEUR

This editorial, signed by Eric Maillot, addresses reactions to a previous publication (issue N°3). It defends the freedom of expression within the CNEGU and discusses a critique from Perry Petrakis in 'PHENOMENA' magazine, who accused Maillot of sensationalism and mercantilism. Maillot's defense focuses on providing prosaic explanations for UFO cases, citing examples like the Gué-d'Hossus and Luot cases, which he attributes to natural phenomena or misinterpretations. The editorial highlights the debate surrounding the interpretation of evidence in ufology, contrasting scientific investigation with what Maillot perceives as sensationalist approaches.

On a cherché l'éclair ... On a trouvé l'OVNI !

This article, authored by Kiss Laszlo (HUFON - Hungary) in 1997 and translated by Ildiko Hevesi with adaptation by Gilles Munsch, analyzes a video recording of a flying object. The video, captured by Lajos Giba in Kazincbarcika, Hungary, on July 8, 1996, during a thunderstorm, shows a dark, disc-shaped object moving rapidly. The analysis, conducted by ufologists, estimates the object's distance, speed (ranging from 3700 to 8400 km/h), and altitude (150 to 320 meters). The article concludes that the object's characteristics are inconsistent with conventional aircraft and suggests the video provides rare evidence of a potential UFO.

Cartoons

The issue includes two cartoons related to UFOs. One depicts aliens in a 'BASE SECRETE...' (Secret Base...) with a speech bubble saying, "Even we can't figure out what they're up to in there." The second cartoon, titled 'LES PARISIENNES...', shows a woman in a car being beamed up by a UFO, with the dialogue, "PAMELA, YOU'LL NEVER GUESS WHERE I'M CALLING FROM..."

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The recurring themes in this issue revolve around the investigation and explanation of UFO sightings, contrasting scientific or prosaic explanations with the more mysterious aspects of the phenomena. There's a focus on journalistic investigation, witness testimonies, and the analysis of photographic and video evidence. The editorial stance appears to favor critical analysis and the debunking of sensationalist claims, while still acknowledging the existence of unexplained phenomena and the ongoing debate within the ufology community. The CNEGU's role in archiving and disseminating ufological information is also highlighted.

This issue of the magazine focuses on two significant UFO cases: one from Kazincbarcika, Hungary, and another from Certesti, Romania. The Hungarian case is presented through a sequence of 10 digitized images from a video filmed by Lajos Giba on July 8, 1998, during a thunderstorm. The Romanian case, occurring on the night of July 8-9, 1996, involves a detailed account from police officers who witnessed a hovering object and entities.

Kazincbarcika Case (Hungary)

The article details the Kazincbarcika sighting with a series of images that capture a dark, fusiform object in the sky, appearing amidst lightning strikes. The text accompanying the images describes the object's appearance and movement, noting that its aspect seemed to change. The video, though of lower quality in its initial copy, was later digitized by the witness. The investigation into this case is ongoing, with efforts to obtain a better copy of the original footage.

Certesti Case (Romania)

The Certesti case is presented as an "Enquête à Kazincbarcika (Hongrie)" by Gilles MUNSCH, but the content shifts to a detailed report of the Romanian encounter. The incident involved police adjutant Marian Mancu and guard Maricel Rusu, who reported seeing a car-sized object with illuminated headlights hovering near the ground. A strange, deformed entity, described as resembling a newborn but larger, emerged from the object and then disappeared back into it before the craft departed. The guard also reported seeing three "wild beasts" or "pharaohs" flying around the object. The report highlights the witnesses' simple nature and the initial disbelief or misinterpretation of the event.

Investigation and Analysis of Certesti Case

Mihai Badescu, a UFO specialist, confirmed the Certesti event as a Type 3 encounter (RR3), based on the coherence of witness accounts, the presence of three entities, their appearance, and their mode of evolution. The case was also featured on national television. The article notes that the initial investigation might have been less rigorous than ideal, with questions raised about the investigation methods, the lack of psychological evaluation for the witnesses, and the absence of physical parameter research like magnetic remanence or radioactivity.

Context and Related Information

The magazine also includes a map illustrating the general location of the phenomenon on the night of August 8-9, 1996, in Romania, and a sketch of a humanoid type based on information from Calin Turcu's book. A Romanian press extract from "VIATA LIBERA" dated July 15, 1996, is also presented, discussing extraterrestrials and the Certesti case.

Discussion on Ufological Research

Gilles MUNSCH reflects on the nature of ufological documents, noting the increase in photographic and cinematographic evidence due to technological advancements. However, he also warns about the growing threat of fabricated evidence. He discusses the challenges of distinguishing between real phenomena and hoaxes, and the difficulty in identifying the nature of reported phenomena. MUNSCH emphasizes the importance of rigorous investigation and expresses his belief that the Kazincbarcika case is not a hoax and that the witness's good faith is a working hypothesis. He suggests that even if similar effects can be reproduced with known stimuli, it would not necessarily debunk the phenomenon but rather reclassify it as a possible misperception.

The article concludes by inviting readers to contribute to the ongoing research and to share their suggestions, emphasizing the value of practical expertise in ufology.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The issue consistently explores the theme of UFO sightings and encounters, presenting evidence such as video footage and witness testimonies. The editorial stance appears to be one of open-minded yet critical investigation, acknowledging the possibility of genuine unexplained phenomena while also being aware of the potential for misidentification and fabrication. The magazine encourages detailed reporting and analysis, and invites collaboration from its readership in advancing the understanding of these cases. There is a clear emphasis on the importance of fieldwork and direct investigation, as exemplified by the author's personal involvement in the Kazincbarcika case.

This issue, identified by page numbers 129-137, appears to be a section from a larger publication, focusing on ufology and related phenomena. It contains articles, notes, and a press release concerning UFO sightings, ancient texts, and archival resources.

Article: Schema des lieux de l'observation & Dessin du phénomène

This section presents a schematic map of an observation site in Certesti, Romania, and a drawing of a phenomenon. The map, sourced from Calin N. Turcu's book, details locations such as the police station and residential buildings. It includes a note clarifying that the dashed trajectory corresponds to Adjudant Marian Mancu and the dotted trajectory to Guardian Maricel Rusu, contrary to the book's legend. The phenomenon drawing, also from Turcu's book, depicts a shape with red-green lights and a white light zone, with a note mentioning possible ground traces that are difficult to decipher.

Article: Déclarations officielles des deux témoins

This section provides official statements from two witnesses of an event in Certesti, Romania, on the night of July 8-9, 1996.

Adi-Marian Mancu, 33, police adjutant: Mancu describes being on duty when he heard an unknown noise and saw flashing red and green lights. He then observed a round object, about 50cm above the asphalt, with lights around it. He also saw a humanoid being about 80-100 cm tall, with a skeletal appearance, silver skin, and a hypertrophied abdomen. The object, the size of a car, ascended vertically and then horizontally towards Pochidia. He noted that chickens clucked and dogs barked during the event.

Maricel Rusu, 41, village guard: Rusu corroborates Mancu's account, stating he saw a flashing light and heard a buzzing sound. He observed an object, the size of a 'Dacia' car, about half a meter above the asphalt. Near the object were three child-like beings, about one meter tall, with pointed ears and elongated heads. He was frightened and jumped into a ditch. When Mancu called him, the object ascended rapidly. Rusu did not observe the entities re-entering the craft.

A note clarifies that the disappearance of the entities is not precisely described in these statements.

Notes complémentaires

These notes provide additional details and context related to the Certesti sighting and other ufological topics.

• Description of the extraterrestrial by Adjudant Mancu: Mancu, who identifies as a veterinarian, described the being as small, with slender arms, a human-like face, an elongated head, white-yellowish skin, and wearing a costume resembling fish scales. He did not see the ears as he viewed the being from behind.
• Object's effect on the environment: The UFO's vertical takeoff caused a mercury vapor lamp near the police station to go out for a few seconds. A nearby cherry tree's branches and fruits were dehydrated, with some falling into a ditch and onto the road. Rain the next day erased these traces.
• Photo and reconstruction: A photo from August 5, 1996, shows Adjudant Mancu and Guardian Rusu with editor Mihai Badescu in Certesti. Badescu conducted a reconstruction of the events, which was filmed.
• Personal correspondence details: From a letter by Calin Turcu to Csaba Borbath, additional details emerge:
• Orange and green lights circled the craft.
• The entities appeared to emerge from the craft's surface and levitated around it, seemingly exploring.
• Mancu did not approach closer than eight meters. The entities re-entered the craft without using an opening, and it then ascended rapidly.
• Electrical disturbances affected nearby appliances.
• Pochidia sighting: Two engine drivers (Emil Bugog and Victor Chicos) saw a large, luminous object hovering over fields near Pochidia.
• Television documentary: A Romanian television team filmed a ten-minute reconstruction of the July 8-9, 1996 events.

COMMUNIQUÉ DE PRESSE DU SCEAU/ARCHIVES OVNI

This press release announces the opening of the "Pôle Documentaire Ufologique de Metz" (Ufological Documentary Center of Metz). The SCEAU (Service d'archives ufologiques) is pleased to offer access to a substantial collection of ufological archives in Metz. These archives include funds from associations like G.P.U.N. and C.V.L.D.L.N., comprising press articles, journals, documents, and investigation reports from the 1950s to the present. Additionally, a thematic library on Ufology and Parapsychology with over 400 titles is available at the Médiathèque du Pontiffroy in Metz. The initiative aims to create a significant ufological research hub and encourages participation in preserving ufological heritage.

Article: LE CHAR VOLANT DE KI-KOUNG ou critique du réductionnisme préventif

This article by Jean-Philippe Dain critically examines the interpretation of ancient Chinese gravures, specifically those depicting a 'flying chariot' from the Ki-Keng-Koué kingdom, as described in the 'Chan-hai Kin' (Book of Mountains and Seas).

• Introduction: The author notes how early researchers like George Adamaki, Desmond Leslie, and Erich Von Däniken applied a 'neo-Sumerian' interpretation to ancient religious representations, attributing them to concrete events and sometimes identifying them as UFOs.
• Jacques Scornaux's analysis: Scornaux analyzed 12th-century Chinese gravures of a flying chariot. His analysis aims to prevent ufologists from seeing UFOs where they do not exist, critiquing the reductionist dichotomy between representation and imagination. Scornaux viewed the gravures from a contemporary technical perspective, deeming the 'paddle wheel' propulsion mechanism as technically implausible. He concluded that the detail of the paddle wheels was likely the artist's imagination, as their existence at that period was not necessary for the depicted function.
• Critique of Scornaux: Dain argues that the paddle wheels are not a mere detail but a significant part of the image, central to Scornaux's argument. Dain ironically notes that if paddle wheels had not existed at the time, it would have proven a mystery. He suggests that the contemporary viewpoint, influenced by modern understanding, can lead to misinterpretations. He aligns with Bazin's view that the 'Chan-hai Kin' is a 'fantastical fable' akin to a novel, making the flying chariot gravure an early example of science fiction.
• Origin of the gravures: The gravures are linked to the 'Book of Mountains and Seas', a cosmography from around 1000 BCE, whose origin is uncertain. The book describes mountains, rivers, and inhabitants with unusual characteristics, such as a single eye in the forehead or a single arm. The text mentions people riding 'pommeled horses', which Guo's commentaries interpret as 'flying chariots'.
• Interpretation of the 'flying chariot': The article discusses the debate on whether these gravures represent a literal flying object or a symbolic representation. The author highlights that the gravures illustrate a passage from the 'Book of Mountains and Seas', bridging the gap between the living world (horses) and an impossible technical object (the flying chariot). The question is raised whether these represent a degradation of a mythical narrative or a practical guide.
• Symbolic vs. Literal: The interpretation of the paddle wheels cannot definitively resolve whether the gravures relate to a literal aerial phenomenon or a symbolic one. The article suggests that the gravures might be an attempt to make the text more intelligible by providing a visual representation.
• 'Cargo cult' analogy: The article touches upon the 'cargo cult' phenomenon, where cultures interpret advanced technology through their existing belief systems, suggesting that ancient myths might be similarly explained.

Article: REVE ... SIMIESQUE A RENEVE : UN REGARD... INQUISITEUR.

This article by Jean Bastide addresses a case previously commented upon in "Les Mystères de l'Est" N° 3, concerning an event in Renève in April 1945.

• Correction of details: Bastide corrects the location of the priest involved, stating he came to Paris rather than from Paris. He also refutes the claim that he stated "all priests are infallible," clarifying that he wrote, "priests are the most sincere people of our time, and their honesty is flawless."
• Astronomical factors: Bastide mentions incorporating the influence of the moon and saros cycles into his study of the 1973-74 wave of sightings in Europe, a study whose full results were never published.
• The Renève witness: Bastide defends the credibility of the priest who reported seeing a miniature human-like being. He argues against the possibility of mistaking a monkey for an anthropomorphic being, given the close proximity (30 cm) and duration (15-20 seconds) of the observation. He dismisses hallucination or deliberate lying as improbable, citing the investigation and witness testimonies.
• Description of the being: According to the priest, the being was a "man in reduction," about 70-75 years old, healthy, robust, with grey hair and a sparse beard. He had two eyes, two ears, and a mouth, with all parts of the body proportionally reduced. The being's face was expressive and legible, not appearing as a religious apparition or a robot.
• Witness's perspective: The priest expressed relief at not attempting to capture the being, fearing he might harm its delicate internal instruments or organic constitution. Bastide emphasizes the witness's profound humanity and honesty.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

This issue of the magazine delves into various aspects of ufology, from contemporary sightings in Romania to the interpretation of ancient Chinese myths and historical UFO cases. There's a clear emphasis on detailed witness testimony, critical analysis of interpretations, and the preservation of ufological documentation. The editorial stance appears to be one of serious inquiry, seeking to present evidence and analyses while defending the credibility of witnesses and exploring diverse hypotheses. The inclusion of archival resources in Metz and the critical examination of ancient texts suggest a broad scope, encompassing both modern phenomena and historical precedents. The defense of the Renève witness highlights a commitment to thorough investigation and a rejection of simplistic explanations.

This issue of the magazine, dated February 1998, presents a regional catalog of humanoid sightings in the Nord Est region of France and features a detailed response from a group identifying themselves as "debunkers of the East" to the work of Jean Sider. The main article critically analyzes Sider's book, "Le dossier de 54 et l'imposture rationaliste," and re-evaluates numerous cases from 1954 that Sider sought to rehabilitate.

Response to Jean Sider's "Debunkers of the East"

The article, authored by Raoul Robé and dated January 2, 1998, directly addresses Jean Sider's claims and criticisms. The "debunkers" take issue with Sider's attempts to rehabilitate cases they consider to be misidentifications or hoaxes. They meticulously go through several specific cases from 1954, including:

• Galfingue (68): Cited by Sider from the LDLN file, the authors note their inability to access this file due to hostility from its editor.
• Omont (08): Sider cites L'Ardennais, suggesting a hoax. The "debunkers" propose it was likely a case of misidentification amplified by journalists.
• Villers-le-Tilleul (08): Based on Michel Figuet's book, the authors suggest a complex misidentification involving sunset and a helicopter.
• Mertrud (52): Sider rehabilitates this case, but the "debunkers" suggest it could be a military aircraft, noting the witness's testimony might be influenced by an agreement.
• Pournoy-la-Chètive (57): Sider attempts to rehabilitate this case, but the "debunkers" point to conflicting witness accounts and suggest a misidentification with a human or children playing.
• Montimont (08): Compared to another case (Le Banel), suggesting misidentification with illuminated cows.
• Chalindrey (52): Sider's explanation is challenged by the "debunkers" who highlight poor visibility and the object's characteristics, suggesting a misidentification with a vehicle.
• Montlandon (52): Sider's contribution is deemed to add nothing new beyond contemporary press reports.
• St Rémy (88): Sider labels this an "aberrant case," while the "debunkers" recall an earlier hypothesis of a military helicopter and mention potential staged events by colleagues of the witness.
• Wittenheim (68): Described as a bar prank rather than a significant UFO event, with the press amplifying information during a UFO wave.

The authors criticize Sider for not consulting their own catalogue or previous publications and for making sweeping statements without sufficient evidence. They argue that Sider's approach is biased and that he fails to acknowledge the limitations of historical data and the efforts of other researchers.

Other Sections and Reports

The issue also includes a "Pêle-mêle" section, which compiles various short news items and reports related to UFO phenomena:

• Emission Radio: An interview with CNEGU members on field investigation techniques.
• A Lire Avec Moderation: A review of Jean-Claude Bourret's book "OVNIS 1999 LE CONTACT ?", criticizing its rehashing of old cases and failure to correct identified sightings.
• Une De Plus !: A report on a case from the CNEGU 1976 catalogue (RR2 at Brabant-le-Roi) identified as a moon misidentification.
• Disparition Soudaine d'une Trace au Col de Vence: A discussion about photos of luminous spots at the Col de Vence and the lack of response regarding a discovered circular trace.
• Nouvelle Revelation Ummite: A rumor about Jordan Pena confessing to a large-scale UFO hoax, treated with skepticism pending official confirmation.
• David contre Goliath: A legal dispute between Jean-Jacques Velasco and Robert Alessandri over an article published in Univers OVNI N°2.
• Abduction de Revue: An explanation for delayed delivery of the magazine PHENOMENA due to postal issues.
• Le Nouveau Né: A review of the fanzine "UFOLOG Revue."
• Expertise Tardive sur le Cas de Metz: An analysis of a video presented as a UFO, identified as a probable misidentification of the moon combined with local atmospheric effects and camera movement.
• Ballons-Soucoupes: A discussion about the PEGASE stratospheric balloon project, which was reportedly never realized.
• Meteorite Martienne: A report on recent articles suggesting that bacteria found in a Martian meteorite are due to terrestrial contamination.
• Satellites "Flash": An explanation of bright, transient reflections from the Iridium satellite constellation, which can be mistaken for UFOs.
• Photos de la NASA Expliquées: An explanation for a luminous phenomenon photographed by astronaut Richard F. Gordon, attributed to rocket debris.
• Manifestations Prévues pour le Passage à l'An 2000: Descriptions of large-scale UFO-like structures being built in Great Britain and a "rolling saucer" vehicle in France.
• OVNI Identifiés: Reports of UFO sightings attributed to dirigibles and a Budweiser balloon in Australia, and space debris from a Russian rocket in Seattle.
• Secte: Un Suicide Collectif Était Prévu aux Canaries: A report on a foiled suicide attempt by a sect that believed a flying saucer would collect them.
• Observation Ardennaise: A report of a luminous point observed in the sky, with a call for witnesses.
• Saint-Vallier (Suite): Follow-up information regarding a previous case, noting a lack of response from the military and a polite but uninformative response from "Ciel & Espace."
• Visage Martien: Discussion of high-resolution photos from the Mars Global Surveyor, suggesting that dreams of alien faces on Mars should be reconsidered.
• Annonce: A request for information regarding UFO reports involving pigeons or unusual jumps.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The recurring themes in this issue revolve around the critical analysis of UFO reports, the distinction between genuine phenomena and misidentifications or hoaxes, and the defense of rational investigation methods. The editorial stance is clearly in favor of scientific scrutiny and debunking unsubstantiated claims, while acknowledging the existence of unexplained cases. The "debunkers" are presented as diligent researchers who meticulously examine evidence and challenge sensationalist interpretations, particularly those put forth by authors like Jean Sider. There is a consistent effort to provide rational explanations for sightings, often pointing to atmospheric phenomena, terrestrial objects, or psychological factors. The magazine also serves as a platform for reporting on recent UFO-related news and research, maintaining a critical yet open perspective on the subject.

Title: Les Mystères de l'Est
Issue: 6/6
Date: June 1998
Language: French
Country: France

This issue of Les Mystères de l'Est delves into various aspects of ufology, from technological limitations in recording sightings to the organizational progress of ufological groups and classic case studies.

Technological Limitations and Media Sensationalism

The article begins by discussing how the electronic and optical limits of camcorders might explain the deformations seen in UFO videos, making the objects unrecognizable. It notes that several commercial videos have exploited this phenomenon, particularly concerning UFOs over Mexico, without basic verification, thus creating a wave of sensationalism.

Progress of the SCEAU Association

The "Sauvegarde et Conservation des Archives et Etudes Ufologiques" (SCEAU) association is reported to be thriving and expanding. It has made significant archive deposits and established a thematic library in Metz (57), with plans to open two more libraries in 1999. The association's General Assembly was held on March 28 and April 1, 1998, in Villecresnes (94), where current actions and future projects were reviewed. The text encourages ufologists, free from "acute conspiracy syndrome," to test the provided data, exploit archived information (which is not being hidden, contrary to some claims), and join the association's objectives if satisfied. The article emphasizes that there is no shortage of work.

CNEGU Celebrates 20 Years

The Centre National d'Étude des Phénomènes Aériens (CNEGU) is highlighted for reaching its 20th anniversary. Although not officially declared as an association, it federates legitimate ufological groups and has shown remarkable consistency. The CNEGU's committee celebrated its 20th anniversary during its 60th session, held in La Bresse (88) on the weekend of June 27-28, 1998. The CNEGU, once largely unknown, is now a prominent entity in French ufology, much to the dismay of some detractors who are accused of calumny rather than constructive work. The magazine asserts that few ufological structures in France can match CNEGU's track record. The article expresses a desire to continue this path for another twenty years, hoping to learn more about UFOs by the 40th anniversary.

Dossier: The Marliens Case

This issue features an investigative dossier on a classic ufology case: the Marliens incident. It questions what happened in Marliens (Côtes-d'Or) around May 5, 1967, referencing the famous trace discovered by the village mayor in a clover field. The investigation, conducted by Patrice Vachon, is presented as a must-read for those interested in learning more about this event. Additionally, a "Special Issue" of Les Mystères de l'Est, comprising 65 pages, is announced as being released alongside the current number. Readers are encouraged to contact the CNEGU secretariat for more information and to reserve their copy, with a warning that the print run is very limited.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The issue reflects a critical yet engaged stance on ufology. It addresses the need for rigorous investigation, distinguishing between genuine data and sensationalism. The importance of archiving and preserving ufological information is emphasized through the SCEAU association's efforts. The CNEGU's longevity and persistence in the field are celebrated, positioning it as a significant force in French ufology. The editorial stance appears to favor methodical research and the debunking of unsubstantiated claims, while acknowledging the enduring mystery of UFO phenomena, as exemplified by the Marliens case.