Misterios - No 098

Magazine Overview

This is the May 2009 issue (Number 98, Year IX) of MISTERIOS Y FENOMENOS INSOLITOS, a monthly magazine directed by Fernando García Rodríguez. The magazine's website is www.fernandogarcia.org. The cover prominently features the headline "La desaparición del ojo de agua del Cráter La Alberca" (The disappearance of the water eye of the La Alberca Crater) and lists several other articles, including "Rituales de Agua y Fuego" (Water and Fire Rituals), "¿Ha visto usted el rayo en bola?" (Have you seen ball lightning?), "Tiro de Pichón" (Pigeon Shooting), and "Casuística Oui-ja" (Ouija Case Files).

Editorial

The editorial, titled "Estoy aquí" (I am here), is written by Fernando García. He apologizes for the delay in publishing the magazine, attributing it to personal health issues. He expresses gratitude for the readers' loyalty and assures them that the magazine will resume its monthly publication schedule. García mentions new collaborators who will be contributing to future issues and highlights a documentary on UFO phenomena broadcast on the television program "Callejeros" (Street People) on the channel "Cuatro," which featured cases like the "humanoids of Conil" investigated by Ángel Carretero Olmedo.

Contents

Editorial

• Estoy aquí by Fernando García Rodríguez (Page 4)

Misterios

• La desaparición de el ojo de agua del Cráter La Alberca by Eulogio Soto Mahe (Page 5) This article investigates the enigma surrounding the disappearance of the water from the La Alberca Crater, which began to recede in 1975 until its complete extinction without a logical explanation. The site is described as a place of legends, with stories of a marine monster named "Chanel" and thirteen young women who drowned themselves in the lake due to forbidden love. In the post-WWII era, sightings of flying saucers entering and exiting the crater were reported. More recently, in 2007, a group of thirteen youths experienced a demonic possession after attempting to invoke evil forces within the crater, an event known as "los posesos de Valle de Santiago." The article also touches upon the site's potential use as a cosmic radar by ancient cultures and its connection to spiritual energy.

Creencias

• Las Cruces de Mayo by Marisol Roldán and José Antonio Roldán (Page 8) This piece explores the folklore and rituals associated with the "May Crosses" celebrated in Andalusia, Spain. It links the tradition to the month of May, dedicated to the Virgin Mary, and its symbolism of light, spring, and maternity. The article delves into the legend of Saint Helena, mother of Emperor Constantine, and her supposed discovery of the True Cross on which Jesus was crucified. It discusses the historical context of early Christianity, the search for relics, and the symbolic significance of the cross.

Leyendas

• Algunas leyendas de Cádiz by Angel Carretero Olmedo (Page 13) (Content not detailed in the provided OCR)

Historia ignorada

• María Magdalena ¿prostituta o reina? by Miguel Alcaraz Paredes (Page 17) (Content not detailed in the provided OCR)

Egiptología

• Tutankhamón y el mundo de los faraones by Nacho Ares Regueras (Page 22) (Content not detailed in the provided OCR)

Mitología

• Mito y realidad de El Dorado by Rafael Cabello Hemero and José Manuel García Bautista (Page 25) (Content not detailed in the provided OCR)

Investigación

• Ouija, psicofonías y otros peligros ¿jugamos al espiritismo? by Manuel Carballal Pazos (Page 30) This article examines the risks associated with Ouija boards and psychophony, questioning whether engaging in spiritism is a dangerous practice.

Ufologia

• La credibilidad del testigo OVNI by Gustavo Fernández (Page 38) This feature discusses the credibility of UFO witnesses.

Ritos

• Rituales de Agua y Fuego by Ignacio Garzón (Page 46) (Content not detailed in the provided OCR)

Ovnis

• ¿Ha visto usted el rayo en bola? by Vicente Juan Ballester Olmos (Page 43) This article explores the phenomenon of ball lightning.

Mini-Investigaciones

• Tiro de Pichón by Ángel Rivero López (Page 44) (Content not detailed in the provided OCR)

Para psicología

• Casuística Oui-ja by Francisco Recio (Page 46) This section presents case files related to Ouija board experiences.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The magazine consistently explores themes of mystery, the unexplained, paranormal phenomena, ancient legends, and historical enigmas. The editorial stance appears to be one of open inquiry into these subjects, presenting investigations, folklore, and eyewitness accounts. The magazine aims to be a platform for enthusiasts of the unusual and unexplained, fostering a sense of community among its readers. The recurring emphasis on historical context, folklore, and personal testimonies suggests a commitment to exploring the human fascination with the unknown from various cultural and historical perspectives.

This issue of "Misterios" (Issue 98), dated May 2009, is a Spanish-language magazine focusing on historical mysteries, esoteric beliefs, and legends. The cover prominently features an article titled "María Magdalena ¿prostituta o reina?" (Mary Magdalene: Prostitute or Queen?), suggesting a deep dive into the historical and theological debate surrounding her identity. The magazine also includes articles on the symbolism of the cross, the "Cruces de Mayo" festival, and a collection of urban legends and historical accounts from the city of Cádiz.

The Symbolism of the Cross

The magazine begins by exploring the multifaceted symbolism of the cross. Initially, for the Romans, it was a symbol of death and execution, a tool for punishment. However, its meaning evolved. It represented a universe, a dimension containing all forces, with its central intersection acting as an epicenter for receiving power and releasing sins. The cross was also seen as a symbol of Thanatos, the god of death, serving as a gateway for souls to the afterlife. The article notes that the cross's symbolic use predates Roman execution practices, with Greeks and other cultures employing similar forms, often as a dimensional portal. The union of masculine and feminine energies at its center is highlighted, representing creation, matter, and the natural world. The spinning swastika is mentioned as a symbol of continuous movement and perfection, evolving from the cross. For early Christians, the cross transformed into a symbol of redemption and a gateway to a higher dimension, representing the resurrection and a connection to the divine.

Cruces de Mayo: Christians, Esoterics, and Pagans

The article then delves into the "Cruces de Mayo" (May Crosses) festival, explaining how it was embraced by different sectors of society. For pagans, it represented a celebration of life in May, aligning with solstice traditions and the symbol of the four elements. Christians adopted it as a symbol of conversion, sacrifice, and new life, linking it to the Virgin Mary (Mitra). Esoterics integrated their ancient knowledge with Christian symbolism. Over time, the original esoteric meanings were largely forgotten, leaving behind the joy of celebration, dancing, and feasting. The festival, though relegated to southern regions of Spain, persists, with modern celebrations featuring floral decorations, music, and wine, replacing older esoteric rituals with more contemporary festivities.

Legends of Cádiz

A significant portion of the magazine is dedicated to "Algunas leyendas de Cádiz" (Some Legends of Cádiz), authored by Ángel Carretero Olmedo. This section explores various local legends and historical anecdotes from the city:

The Tomb of Don Rosendo

The cemetery of San José in Cádiz houses the exceptionally well-maintained tomb of Don Rosendo, to whom the local populace attributes miraculous healing powers. The Catholic Church has not officially commented on these claims, but many venerate him more than saints.

The Cementerio de San José

Established in the early 1800s due to a royal decree prohibiting urban burials, the cemetery was prematurely inaugurated by a yellow fever epidemic. It now contains the remains of individuals from the 19th century whose families could not be located for transfer. The last burials occurred in 1992. Researchers suggest paranormal phenomena occur here, similar to the old Casa Cuna.

The Legend of Don Manuel

This legend recounts the story of a respected doctor named Don Manuel, who was known for his healing abilities. After his death, his son continued the practice. Years later, the residents of the Mentidero neighborhood remembered Don Manuel padre and campaigned for a statue in his honor. When authorities did not respond, the community funded and erected the statue themselves.

The Santa Cueva

Located in Cádiz and declared a national historical monument in 1981, the Santa Cueva is an enigmatic site. It houses important artworks, including three recently restored Goya paintings. Originally, only men were allowed entry, gathering on Thursday evenings for religious discussions. The Bishop of Cádiz, investigating the street's reputation, approved these gatherings, leading to the formation of "La Cofradía de la Santa Cueva" in 1730. The building's construction, influenced by neo-classical and baroque styles, was overseen by Torcuato Cayon de la Vega and later Torcuato Benjumeda. Composer Joseph Haydn created "The Seven Last Words of Our Redeemer on the Cross" for this location.

The Lisbon Earthquake and Tsunami

The devastating earthquake of November 1, 1755, which struck Lisbon, also impacted Cádiz as a tsunami with waves reaching 12 to 15 meters. The legend recounts how two clerics from the church of Santa Catalina, Bernardo de Cádiz and Francisco Macias, processed with an image of the Virgin of La Palma and a small crucifix, invoking her protection. The sea reportedly receded after this act. This event is linked to similar processions in other coastal towns, and studies suggest Cádiz experiences such cyclical tsunamis every 450 years.

The Tunnels of María Moco

A legend used to frighten children in Cádiz speaks of underground tunnels, known as "Las Cuevas de María Moco," which supposedly allow one to traverse the city. These are actually defensive galleries dating back to the 16th and 17th centuries. Studies confirm the existence of up to six kilometers of tunnels, possibly of Roman origin, though many are now inaccessible due to collapses and modern construction.

The Grandmother's Clock and Ghosts

The author shares a personal anecdote about his grandmother, who believed that if her antique pendulum clock was not stopped nightly, ghosts would appear, preventing sleep. This practice was continued by his mother and then his sister, suggesting a generational belief in spectral visitations.

María Magdalena: Prostitute or Queen?

This section critically examines the historical and religious interpretations of Mary Magdalene. The Gospels mention three Marys, and one is identified as Mary Magdalene. The Gnostic Gospel of Philip suggests a close relationship, referring to her as the "Magdalene, who is called his companion." The canonical Gospels identify her explicitly as Mary Magdalene. She is noted as the first person to see the resurrected Jesus, a fact that apostles like Peter apparently did not initially accept. The interpretation of her having "seven demons" is discussed, linking her to the sinner in Luke who washed Jesus' feet with her hair. However, the article argues that this act was a service of hospitality, not necessarily indicative of prostitution. The association of Mary Magdalene with prostitution is presented as a later interpretation, arising around the 4th century, possibly to elevate the status of the Virgin Mary. The text suggests that early Christian traditions, particularly in the East, viewed Mary Magdalene not as a public sinner but as a virgin who lived an ascetic life. Her role as the first witness to the resurrection positions her as a key figure in the esoteric foundation of Christianity, sometimes called the "evangelist of the resurrection."

Was Jesus Married?

The article addresses the question of Jesus' marital status. Canonical Gospels and apocryphal texts offer no definitive evidence of Jesus being married or having descendants. However, the social norms of 1st-century Jewish society, where men of religious standing (rabbis) were typically married, are discussed. The presence of women accompanying Jesus and the disciples, who supported them financially, is noted. The prominence of Mary Magdalene among these women suggests a significant relationship, possibly indicating she was his wife, as a wife's status was often on par with her husband's. The wedding at Cana, where Jesus, his mother, and disciples attended, is cited as a potential clue, with Mary's motherly concern about the wine suggesting a closer familial connection than a mere guest.

Descendants of Jesus and Mary Magdalene?

Later theories, emerging around the 12th century and gaining traction with works like the Arthurian legends, propose that Jesus and Mary Magdalene had a child, a daughter named Sara. This lineage, according to some hypotheses, continued through the Merovingian dynasty, the Templars, and into modern families. This theory, often referred to as the "royal bloodline" or "Sangreal," directly challenges Christian doctrine. Margaret Starbid's research is cited, which supports the idea of Jesus' marriage at Cana and the subsequent birth of Sara, linking their descendants to the Merovingian rulers. Laurence Gardner's work, "The Holy Blood and the Holy Grail," is also mentioned, which posits that Jesus and Mary Magdalene married and had three children: Damaris, Jesus, and Josephus, who became the progenitors of European royal houses. Gardner also suggests Jesus did not die on the cross but retired and later had another child with Mary Magdalene.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The magazine consistently explores themes of hidden histories, alternative interpretations of religious figures and events, and the enduring power of legends and folklore. There's a clear editorial stance favoring the investigation of controversial or suppressed historical narratives, particularly concerning early Christianity and its key figures like Mary Magdalene. The magazine encourages readers to question established doctrines and consider esoteric or Gnostic perspectives. The recurring motif of hidden lineages and secret knowledge, as seen in the discussions of the Merovingians and the Holy Grail, suggests an interest in uncovering a "true" history often obscured by mainstream accounts. The inclusion of local legends from Cádiz demonstrates an appreciation for the rich tapestry of oral traditions and their potential connection to historical events or spiritual beliefs.

Title: MISTERIOS
Issue: 98
Date: May 2009

This issue of MISTERIOS magazine, issue number 98, dated May 2009, presents a diverse range of articles covering historical mysteries, ancient civilizations, and paranormal phenomena. The cover features a dramatic silhouette of a figure on a cross with the headline "Historia ignorada" (Ignored History), hinting at alternative historical narratives.

Article 1: Ignored History - Jesus's Life and Descendants

The first article delves into less conventional theories about the life of Jesus. It suggests that Jesus, after his crucifixion, may have traveled to Kashmir, India, where he lived and had children with a woman named Maryan. The text mentions that Jesus had issues with his apostles Peter and Paul, with Paul showing little appreciation for women and Peter being jealous of Jesus's treatment of them. To escape Palestine, Mary, Jesus's mother, sought help from the son of Herod Agrippa, who sent her to Gaul. She was accompanied by her brother Lazarus, Joseph of Arimathea, and 72 disciples, including Maximino, who later became the first bishop of Provence. A black slave named Sara also traveled with them. In Gaul, Mary gave birth to Josefa in 44 AD, described as the "child of the Grail." The article also touches upon the question of Jesus's burial place, with some suggesting it might be in Mount Cardou, France, while others, like Gadner, propose Kashmir (Rozabal Tomb). It references Andreas Faber Kaiser's controversial 1976 book, "Jesus lived and died in Kashmir," which cites an ancient Persian history book, "Negaristan-i-Kashmir," detailing an encounter between Jesus and women in Srinagar, where he chose Maryan. The article concludes by mentioning that Sahibzada Basharat Saleem, a descendant, received Faber Kaiser at his home in Kashmir, and this account is corroborated by another Persian book from the 15th century, "Rauzat-us-Safa."

Article 2: Tutankhamón and the World of the Pharaohs Exhibition

This section focuses on an exhibition titled "Tutankhamón y el mundo de los faraones" (Tutankhamun and the World of the Pharaohs) held in Vienna, Austria. The exhibition, which opened on March 9, 2008, and was scheduled to run until September 28, 2008, is described as the only stop in Europe. It features over 140 treasures from Tutankhamun's tomb (KV62) and other significant sites in the Nile Valley. The exhibition is a collaboration between National Geographic, Arts and Exhibitions Internacional, and AEG Exhibitions, with support from the Supreme Council of Antiquities of Egypt and the Kunsthistorisches Museum (KHM). Nacho Ares Regueras is mentioned as a contributor, and the exhibition is published in Revista de Arqueología, number 325.

The exhibition is organized thematically, with the first six galleries exploring the life of the pharaoh and the context of ancient Egypt. These sections include over 70 objects related to powerful rulers like Kephren (of pyramid fame) and Hatshepsut (the queen who became king), as well as Psusennes I, whose gold mask is highlighted. The galleries cover the pharaoh's family, court life, and traditional and revolutionary religious ideologies, particularly focusing on Amenophis IV (Akhenaten), the "heretic Pharaoh." The "Gold of the Pharaoh" gallery examines the origin, significance, and use of gold in ancient Egyptian society for jewelry, precious objects, and royal attire.

The exhibition then guides visitors through the treasures of Tutankhamun's tomb, with four galleries corresponding to the four chambers discovered by Howard Carter in 1922. These include artifacts from the antechamber, annex, treasury, and burial chamber, such as sandals, jewelry, furniture, statuary, and weapons. A notable item is a three-meter-high colossus of Tutankhamun, originally from Luxor, which retains much of its original polychromy. The exhibition also features a gold canopic jar with inlaid gemstones from the treasury chamber, distinguished by its lack of eyes, making it unique compared to the one in London. The final section provides information about the CT scan performed on Tutankhamun's mummy in January 2006, part of a National Geographic project to create a database of all Egyptian mummies to study familial relationships and connections with other preserved bodies worldwide.

Article 3: The Myth and Reality of El Dorado

This extensive article explores the legend of El Dorado, a mythical land of immense riches in America sought by Spanish conquistadors. The legend's origin is traced to a ceremony of the new zipas (chiefs) who would bathe in Lake Guatavita covered in gold dust. The myth was later amplified by Spanish imagination, with figures like Jiménez de Quesada and Benalcázar pursuing its possession. Gonzalo de Rojas's 1636 account describes a ceremony involving a raft laden with gold and emeralds, where the new chief would offer his gold to the god of the lake.

The article details the historical basis of the legend, stemming from the ritualistic practices of the Chibcha people near Lake Guatavita. They would offer gold objects to the gods, which were then thrown into the lake. This ceremony, practiced until shortly before the Spanish arrival, was recounted to the indigenous people, fueling the legend. The Spanish conquistadors, driven by greed, were further incited by tales of immense treasures.

Several expeditions are chronicled, including Sebastián de Benalcázar's in 1535, which established "El Dorado" as a synonym for a place of almost infinite riches. The article mentions numerous explorers who ventured into the Amazon basin in search of this mythical kingdom, including Hutten, Gonzalo de Pizarro, Jiménez de Quesada, and Francisco de Orellana. Orellana's expedition, initially seeking "the land of cinnamon" or "El Dorado," led to the discovery of the Coca River and the Amazon River itself. His journey down the Amazon, facing severe supply shortages and encounters with indigenous tribes, became a legendary feat.

The search for El Dorado was not confined to Lake Guatavita; the mythical city of Manoa, where even cooking utensils were made of gold, was believed to be located in the unexplored Amazonian basin. Attempts to drain Lake Guatavita, notably by Antonio de Sepúlveda in the 16th century, proved disastrous, with many workers perishing and the canal collapsing. Despite evidence of gold, the lake's secret remained hidden. The article also mentions later attempts, including those by Sir Walter Raleigh and Percy Fawcett, who disappeared while searching for a golden city in the Amazon.

Recent information from 2002, based on a 16th-century manuscript found in the Jesuit archives, suggests that "Paititi," a legendary city of gold described by indigenous people, might be located in the Madre de Dios river basin in Peru. This discovery has reignited interest in finding the mythical city. The article notes that the allure of gold has consistently driven human ambition and exploration throughout history, as exemplified by Christopher Columbus's famous quote about the power of gold.

Article 4: Ouija, Psychophonies, and Other Dangers of Spiritism

This article warns about the potential dangers of engaging in spiritist practices, such as Ouija boards, psychophonies (electronic voice phenomena), and automatic writing. It highlights that thousands of adolescents worldwide initiate themselves into these practices, which can sometimes lead to irreversible psychological processes with tragic outcomes, including emotional disorders, suicides, and even murders. The article suggests that these practices can provide a justification or origin for such extreme actions, referencing "the glass game" as an example.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The magazine consistently explores themes of mystery, the unexplained, and alternative historical perspectives. It presents information on ancient civilizations, legends, and potential paranormal phenomena, often drawing on historical accounts, archaeological findings, and controversial theories. The editorial stance appears to be one of investigation and presentation of diverse viewpoints, encouraging readers to consider possibilities beyond conventional explanations. The articles in this issue cover a wide spectrum, from religious history and archaeology to cryptozoology and the occult, reflecting a broad interest in the enigmatic aspects of human history and experience.

This issue of "Misterios" (Issue 98, May 2009) focuses on the darker aspects and potential dangers of paranormal practices, with a strong emphasis on addiction, psychological consequences, and criminal cases linked to phenomena like psychophony and the Ouija board. The cover story, "La credibilidad del testigo OVNI" (The credibility of the UFO witness), by Gustavo Fernández, questions the motivations behind UFO testimonies.

The Dangers of Esotericism and Paranormal Practices

The magazine opens with an article by Manuel Carballal, "Los peligros del esoterismo" (The dangers of esotericism), which revisits the case of his 'godmother,' Josefa Losada "Casandra." Casandra, a respected medium and sociologist, became addicted to psychophony and automatic writing after experiencing a paranormal phenomenon involving a "sinister duende" appearing by her bed. This addiction escalated, leading to her divorce, loss of custody of her children, and eventually, her suicide by jumping from her apartment building. Carballal uses this case to illustrate how paranormal practices can lead to self-destruction.

Addiction and Psychological Consequences

Carballal further explores the risks of paranormal experiences, highlighting addiction as a common problem. He cites Ernesto J. López, a chaplain for the Spanish Civil Guard, who warned about the dangers of psychophony, stating that it can lead to obsessive neuroses, sleep disorders, personality alterations, and suicidal tendencies. Silesio Damell, an expert in psychophony, corroborates this, noting that obsession with obtaining new recordings can cause individuals to neglect all other aspects of their lives, leading to separations and divorces.

The Ouija Board: A Dangerous Game

A significant portion of the issue is dedicated to the Ouija board, exploring its history and the psychological effects it can have. The article "¿Jugamos al espiritismo?" (Shall we play spiritism?) discusses how the Ouija board, whether using a glass or a planchette, can be dangerous. While some psychiatrists acknowledge its potential to extract unconscious content, the article emphasizes the risks, especially for minors. Studies show that unconscious muscular movements, not external forces, move the planchette or glass. However, for most people, Ouija is seen as a way to contact the beyond. Alarmingly, a high percentage of minors reportedly engage with Ouija and similar practices from a young age in schools.

#### Ouija and Mass Hysteria

The magazine presents several alarming cases where Ouija use has been linked to mass hysteria and psychological disturbances. In Mexico, 600 female students at a school developed similar paralysis, possibly due to clandestine Ouija sessions. In Colombia, a school was closed after nearly 30 students experienced nervous crises attributed to Ouija. A particularly disturbing case in Villarrica, Colombia, involved nine minors fainting after practicing Ouija, leading to widespread panic and further incidents. These events are compared to the Salem witch trials, though fortunately without fatalities.

#### The Ouija Board as a Toy

The article criticizes toy manufacturers like Parker Brother (owned by Hasbro) for marketing Ouija boards as children's games, despite the potential dangers. The marketing slogan "How it works has been a mystery for over 30 years!" is highlighted as misleading.

Criminal Cases Linked to Paranormal Practices

"Asesinos del más allá" (Murderers from beyond) details chilling cases where paranormal obsessions have led to violent crimes. The article recounts the murder of Clara García by her classmates Raquel Carlés and Iría Suárez, who were deeply involved in witchcraft, automatic writing, Ouija, and tarot. They confessed that "spirits" had compelled them to commit the act. Other cases mentioned include Álvaro Bustos, who murdered his father due to his occult obsession, and Rosa Gonzálvez, who killed her daughter while attempting to "exorcise" her.

Extraterrestrial Influences and Homicidal Delirium

The issue also explores cases where extraterrestrial beliefs have fueled violent acts. Manuel Suárez murdered his wife and son, claiming obsession with extraterrestrials and Jesus Christ. Joan Turu and José Rodríguez are cited as the first UFO suicides in Spain, having been influenced by telepathic messages from extraterrestrials. The article also touches upon the case of R. J. Moody, who claimed to have committed murders under the influence of extraterrestrial beings.

The J. J. Benítez Case

A peculiar incident involving writer J. J. Benítez is recounted. In 1989, "El País" newspaper published classified ads stating that Benítez and his brother Jorge were in a coma, requesting contact with Sonia Cronfel. Cronfel insisted on supernatural information, claiming Benítez was destined to marry her sister Hilde and that they were all clones held captive. The newspaper later issued a retraction and apology. Juan Cronfel, Sonia's brother, later stated that his sisters were victims of their own obsession with J. J. Benítez and UFOs.

The Credibility of UFO Witnesses

Gustavo Fernández's article, "La credibilidad del testigo OVNI," examines why people might invent UFO testimonies. He argues that witnesses rarely gain financially or socially from sharing their experiences; instead, they often face ridicule, social stigma, and even job loss. The article suggests that the skepticism often encountered is a defense mechanism against realities that challenge established paradigms. It concludes by emphasizing the importance of respecting witnesses, as their testimonies, even if difficult to explain, are valuable.

Rituals of Water and Fire

Ignacio Garzón contributes an article titled "Rituales de Agua y de Fuego: ancestrales métodos de purificación" (Rituals of Water and Fire: ancestral methods of purification), which appears to be a separate, shorter piece focusing on ancient purification practices.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The recurring themes in this issue are the potential dangers of engaging with the paranormal, the psychological toll of obsession, and the link between esoteric practices and criminal behavior. The editorial stance appears to be cautionary, warning readers about the serious risks associated with phenomena like Ouija and psychophony, while also acknowledging the complexity of UFO witness accounts and the need for careful investigation rather than outright dismissal. The magazine highlights the importance of critical thinking and awareness of the potential negative consequences of delving into the world of mystery and the occult.

This issue of Misterios Magazine, number 98, dated May 2009, explores a range of intriguing topics, from ancient purification rituals and folk traditions to the mysterious phenomenon of ball lightning and the controversial practice of Ouija board investigations. The magazine features articles that blend historical context, personal anecdotes, and scientific inquiry.

Ritos y Tradiciones Ancestrales (Rituals and Ancestral Traditions)

The issue begins by examining the human quest for purification and connection to the divine through rituals, noting how these practices have evolved and been assimilated by various cultures, including Christianity. The article highlights the enduring presence of ancestral rituals in Spain, particularly those involving fire and water.

The Role of Fire

Fire is presented as a primary agent of purification, capable of destruction and regeneration, exemplified by the myth of the Phoenix. The magazine details various fire-related traditions across Spain, including symbolic bonfires lit during Semana Santa (Holy Week) in places like Cumbres de San Bartolomé, representing Christ's victory over darkness. The tradition of burning 'Judas' effigies is also mentioned as a way to symbolically banish evil, celebrated in numerous municipalities. Specific festivals are highlighted, such as the San José festivities in San Juan del Puerto, where effigies are burned, and the 'candelorios' in Cumbres Mayores, where young people light bonfires and jump over them. Villanueva de las Cruces features a large bonfire for San Sebastián. The night of San Juan is emphasized as a particularly magical time, linked to ancient solstice celebrations, with bonfires common across many towns. The article also notes fire rituals associated with the Immaculate Conception on December 7th. In Aracena, 'rejiletes' (olive branches with dry chestnut leaves) are spun around bonfires, creating columns of fire, a practice also observed in Linares de la Sierra. Zalamea la Real uses torches called 'hachas' or 'jachas'. The article touches on the loss of some of these traditions, with the author recalling childhood experiences of bonfires that have since disappeared.

The Role of Water

Water is presented as another fundamental element for purification, both in religious contexts and in folk traditions. The Christian ritual of baptism is mentioned as institutionalizing water's purifying role. For the Noche de San Juan, traditions involve washing the face and hands at dawn with water infused with rose petals, rosemary, or St. John's wort. The article also discusses more festive water-related celebrations, such as the 'Fiesta de los Jarros' in Cumbres Mayores, where people drench each other with clay jugs, and the 'Fiesta del Agua' in Puerto Moral. A particularly traditional event is the 'Fiesta de los Jarritos' in Galaroza, where water is thrown among participants, with origins linked to erotic motivations and the testing of goods by merchants.

¿HA VISTO USTED EL RAYO EN BOLA? (Have You Seen Ball Lightning?)

This section focuses on the phenomenon of ball lightning, also known as 'rayo en bola,' 'rayo globular,' 'ball lightning,' 'foudre en boule,' or 'kugelblitz.' Despite scientific literature dating back to the late 19th century, the exact physical mechanism behind this atmospheric event remains elusive. Ball lightning is described as a self-luminous phenomenon, typically occurring during storms, with a brief duration, reduced diameter, higher density than air, significant energy, high temperature, and its own dynamic capacity. An investigative team, including ufologist Vicente J. Ballester Olmos and psychologist Heriberto Janosch González, has been formed to collect and study testimonies of ball lightning sightings in Spain. They are soliciting reports from citizens who believe they have observed this phenomenon, asking them to send their details via mail or email to receive a questionnaire for further data collection. The collected data will be analyzed and compared with current scientific theories, with the results intended for publication in scientific journals.

Mini-Investigaciones (Mini-Investigations)

Tiro de Pichón (Pigeon Shooting)

This section details an investigation into a building in Jabugo, Huelva, known as 'Tiro de Pichón.' The author, Ángel Rivero López, visited the site, a former pigeon shooting range built in the early 20th century by architect Aníbal González, with a later addition. The building was reportedly used as a summer residence for orphans and children with disabilities from Seville's Hogar de San Fernando until its closure in the 1980s. It was recently transferred to the Jabugo town council. The author found the building divided into two parts, the older section showing signs of neglect. Despite local rumors and the building's history, no paranormal stories were known until recently, possibly coinciding with media coverage. The author interviewed locals who had no prior knowledge of hauntings or strange occurrences. Some mentioned lights, but attributed them to people entering the property. A case from 2005 is recounted where a man heard noises and saw broken glass at the site while accompanying his daughter during army training, which he later associated with the building's growing reputation.

Ouija Board Investigations

This extensive section, authored by Francisco Recio, delves into the parapsychological aspects of the Ouija board. Recio addresses the common perception of the Ouija as a tool for contacting malevolent entities, but suggests that contact could also be with one's own subconscious or an external intelligence. He advocates for admitting both possibilities in the absence of conclusive proof. The author emphasizes that Ouija sessions should be conducted for research purposes only, with a detached and analytical mindset, and never with blind belief in the results. He warns against letting the phenomenon dominate the investigator.

#### "El vaso se mueve solo" (The Glass Moves by Itself)

This case study discusses the phenomenon of the Ouija planchette (or 'master') moving seemingly on its own. Recio notes that while many claim this happens, he has not personally experienced it. He suggests that the movement is likely guided by a medium, with the collective mental energy of the participants directing the planchette. He also recounts an instance where Valencian investigators claimed the planchette moved without any physical contact, but their inability or unwillingness to provide video evidence led to his skepticism.

#### "Ouija y Psicofonías" (Ouija and Psychophonies)

Recio posits that the Ouija board may act as an amplifier for psychophonic phenomena, allowing clearer and more numerous voices to be captured during sessions. He recommends recording all Ouija sessions to document any potential paranormal activity. He shares an experience where, during a session in Barcelona, the Ouija board insulted the participants and demanded they leave. After forcefully ending the session, a picture fell from the wall, with no apparent cause.

#### "Movimientos de Objetos" (Object Movements)

While not personally witnessing spectacular events like flying knives, Recio recounts instances of objects moving during Ouija sessions. He describes a session in an old apartment in Barcelona where the board became aggressive, and subsequently, a picture fell from the wall. He notes that similar cases of displaced or fallen objects have occurred in other sessions.

#### "Posesiones Ouija" (Ouija Possessions)

This is presented as a delicate topic, with many individuals believing they have been possessed after using the Ouija board. Recio leans towards the idea of 'auto-possessions,' where individuals convince themselves they are possessed. He also discusses the possibility of mental dysfunction triggered by Ouija sessions, which can lead to a belief in possession, potentially requiring exorcism. He suggests that the Ouija might act as a gateway, allowing individuals with latent psychic abilities to access and interact with other realities, sometimes bringing elements of those realities into our own.

#### "Después de la Ouija" (After the Ouija)

Following Ouija sessions, some report strange occurrences like noises, voices, or perceived presences. Recio questions whether the Ouija itself is responsible, suggesting that it might merely be a catalyst for latent psychic abilities or a gateway to other realities. He emphasizes the importance of maintaining control during sessions, approaching them with respect, and having the power to close the session when necessary.

Mesón Don Raimundo

A brief description of the Mesón Don Raimundo building, located in the Old Town of Seville's Jewish Quarter. It is noted for being the site of seven Roman tombs and underwent its first restoration in 1363 before becoming a convent.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The magazine consistently explores the intersection of ancient traditions, unexplained phenomena, and personal experiences. There's a clear interest in folklore, particularly rituals and their historical significance, alongside a fascination with paranormal events like ball lightning and Ouija board phenomena. The editorial stance appears to be one of open inquiry, encouraging investigation while cautioning against uncritical belief or reckless engagement with potentially dangerous subjects. The magazine aims to document and analyze these mysteries, often through the lens of personal accounts and investigative journalism.