Meyn Mamvro - No 034 - Autumn 1997

Magazine Overview

Title: MEYN MAMVRO
Issue: 34
Date: Autumn 1997
Price: £1.70

This issue of Meyn Mamvro, subtitled "ancient stones and sacred sites in Cornwall," delves into various aspects of Cornish heritage, archaeology, and folklore. The cover features a striking illustration of a Celtic knotwork dragon encircling a figure, hinting at the mystical and ancient themes within.

Contents

The magazine includes an editorial, articles on Cornish Earth Mysteries Group activities, concerns about the Boscawen-un stone circle, a detailed piece on Chapel Idne and its holy well, news items, reports on lesser-known sites, Cornish dragon lore, and book reviews.

Editorial

The editorial reflects on the summer of 1997, noting the unusually warm April and the impact of the General Election on local events like the Padstow Obby Oss. It highlights the ongoing issues at the Boscawen-un stone circle, where misuse and potential damage have led to discussions about fencing the site. The editorial also announces a change in typeface and presentation due to computer upgrades, along with a moderate price increase for the magazine and subscriptions, emphasizing that this is the first increase in three years.

Cornish Earth Mysteries Group (CEMG) Summer Activities

The "Cornish Earth Mysteries Group" section details the CEMG's outdoor visits throughout the summer. The season began with the 9th Annual Three Wells Walk in May, which was affected by overcast weather. Later events included a visit to Pendeen Fogou in June, a walk to Zennor Quoit, Sperris Quoit, and Trendrine Hill & Barrow in July, where the impact of gorse fires revealed ancient structures. A notable experience at Trendrine Hill was the hearing of a strange humming sound, referred to as the "Hummadruz." In August, the CEMG visited Ed Prynn's Megalithic Temple at St.Merryn, and the season concluded with a visit to sites on the Lizard Peninsula. The editorial also mentions Andy Norfolk's role in setting up a meeting to manage the Boscawen-un site.

Chapel Idne and the Holy Well

This article by Cheryl Straffon explores the history and folklore of Chapel Idne and its associated holy well in Sennen Cove. The chapel, likely named from the Cornish 'idne' meaning 'narrow' or 'confined,' stood at the southern end of Whitesands Bay. Recorded by William Borlase in the 1740s, its remains were not completely destroyed until 1946. The article discusses the potential location of the holy well, referencing a legend from the Arthurian tale "The Battle of Vellan-Druchar," where a 'holy woman' used the well's water and a ritual sweeping to create a storm that prevented Danish ships from escaping. The possibility of a beacon site on the high ground above Sennen Cove, possibly at Mayon Cliffs, is also explored, linking it to the name 'Porth Goonhilly' and the Scillies. Sarah's Well, a separate well found along Maria's Lane, is also mentioned.

News

Several news items cover recent discoveries and developments:

• Prehistoric Earth Finds Uncovered: Workmen at St. Erth discovered a middle bronze-age Urn. Near the Camel estuary, a late Neolithic grooved ware pot and other prehistoric pottery were found. John Matthews discovered a paleolithic hand-held axe on Marazion beach.
• National Trust Interested in St. Nectan's Glen: The National Trust is exploring the possibility of acquiring St. Nectan's Glen, with an asking price of approximately £250,000 for 30 acres.
• Figgy Dowdy's Well to be Restored: Figgy Dowdy's well on Carn Marth is to be restored by Lanner Parish Council, with researcher Andy Norfolk suggesting it relates to an ancient Earth Goddess legend.
• Viking Invasion Re-created in East Cornwall: Events commemorating the 10th-century Danish invasions of Celtic Cornwall were held in East Cornwall and Devon, including a replica Viking fleet and a commemorative stone on Plymouth Hoe.

Lost and Found: Possible Menhir near Bosiliack Farm

MM readers Steve Gardiner and Barrie Wright report discovering what they believe to be an unrecorded menhir near Bosiliack Farm in West Penwith. They describe a tall, smooth oval stone found halfway up a western hedge. They discuss its potential age and context, noting its alignment with other sites like Carfury menhir, Men-an-Tol, and Boswarthen cross.

Three-Point Alignments in West Penwith

Chris Jenkins proposes a theory that ancient sites in West Penwith align in threes. He suggests that by considering one site at a time, a pattern emerges, allowing for the prediction of the locations of destroyed sites. The article includes a diagram illustrating alignments between various stone circles and henges in the area.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The magazine consistently focuses on the rich tapestry of Cornwall's ancient past, from megalithic structures and sacred sites to folklore and earth energies. There is a strong emphasis on preservation and understanding these sites, as evidenced by the concerns raised about Boscawen-un and the efforts to restore Figgy Dowdy's Well. The editorial stance appears to be one of promoting awareness and appreciation for Cornwall's unique heritage, encouraging reader participation and support for the magazine.

Title: MEYN MAMVRO
Issue: 34
Volume: 34
Date: Autumn 1997

This issue of Meyn Mamvro delves into the ancient mysteries of Cornwall, focusing on the geometric alignments of megalithic sites in West Penwith and the rich tapestry of Cornish dragon lore.

Megalithic Sites and Ancient Geometry in West Penwith

The lead article, "The Quoits and burial chambers of West Penwith show an even closer correlation to this model," by an unnamed author, presents a detailed analysis of 17 definite megalithic sites in West Penwith that link up in sets of threes. These sites include Morvah, Porthmeor, Trendrine Hill, Chun Quoit, Brane Barrow, Ballowal Barrow, Truthwall Common, Mulfra Quoit, Tregeseal, West Lanyon Quoit, Portheras Common, Tregiffian, Bosporthennis Quoit, Pennance, Bosiliack Barrow, Lanyon Quoit, Zennor Quoit, and Sperris Quoit. The author notes that West Penwith was once home to many standing stones and sacred rocks, with approximately 90 sites plotted from previous editions of Meyn Mamvro and the Sites & Monuments Record for Cornwall. All these sites, according to the author, correlate in that they line up in threes, forming equal-angled triangles. Figure 2 illustrates this geometry, and similar findings of equal-angled triangles have been noted around Banwell Moor in Somerset. The article suggests that whoever erected these megaliths were skilled in geometrical puzzles.

A second article, "LESSER-KNOWN SITES IN WEST PENWITH CENTRAL AREA (2)" by Raymond Cox, explores specific locations within West Penwith. It describes two old Cornish crosses: Trengwainton Carn Cross (SW440 322), noted for its sheltered setting amidst bushes, and Boswarthen Cross (SW434 325), situated on a quiet road and surrounded by flowers. Cox speculates whether these crosses marked trackways, crossroads, or boundaries, or were 'prayer stations' on routes sacred to Druidic ceremonies, citing Ian Cooke's suggestion that the Trengwainton Carn route was an ancient road and Boswarthen was on a churchways junction.

The article then guides the reader to Trewern (SW433 319), described as one of the finest Iron Age Rounds in West Penwith, measuring 180ft by 150ft, with a single stone wall and evidence of 'modern' gateways. The author reflects on the enclosed feeling of the Round and the potential uses by ancient peoples, mentioning a local farmer's belief that a market might have taken place there. Nearby, 600 yards away, are the remains of a Courtyard House Settlement (SW428 322), noted for its unique status in West Penwith. Between Trewern Round and the settlement, a Bronze Age standing stone, 6ft tall, is described. This stone was one of two originally present, the other having been destroyed. W.C. Borlase visited them in 1871. The Tremayne standing stone (SW429314) is also mentioned as being half a mile away to the south-east, originally part of a pair. Dr. Borlase dug between them in 1752 but found no remains.

Finally, Caergwidden Round (SW415 310) is described, originally measuring 144ft x 110ft, with a stone wall reaching 9ft high. The author muses on the retention of memories and arcane atmospheres in these ancient places.

Cornish Dragon Lore

The article "Cornish Dragon Lore" by Andy Norfolk explores the myths and legends surrounding dragons in Cornwall. Norfolk challenges the modern image of dragons (four legs, wings, fire-breathing), suggesting it is a more recent conception influenced by medieval times, Victorians, and even Japanese and Chinese ideas. He argues that many British legends, particularly Cornish ones, are about giant worms or serpents, which may have poisonous breath or fangs, and often live near water. These serpents were sometimes killed by knights but more often by saints.

Cornish dragons are described as enormous snakes, not monsters, with legends dating back to the 6th century. Tales include St.Carantoc dealing with a serpent that annoyed the country, St.Samson of Dole killing a serpent, and St.Petroc showing sympathy to dragons, even helping a wounded one and releasing a captured dragon into the sea. The story of King Teudar collecting 'various serpents and noxious worms' in a marshy lake is also recounted.

Further tales involve St.Petroc's dragon possibly being represented by the Padstow Obby Oss, and a dragon near Zennor that was driven away by fire. Another story tells of a dragon near Portreath that stole sheep and cattle, and was attacked by a white, spotted dog, fleeing towards the sea. Norfolk suggests that early Cornish legends often feature dragons in low-lying places, linking them to sea monsters like Morgowr.

Norfolk discusses interpretations of the dragon's symbolism, including representing pre-Christian religion, matriarchy, greed, or the triumph of materialism over spirituality. However, he notes that Cornish stories often show saints treating dragons with respect, suggesting a more tolerant attitude or a partnership between old and new ways. The idea of dragons representing earth energies, influenced by John Michell's work on Feng Shui, is also explored. The article mentions Rudyard Kipling's "Kim" and the concept of manipulating earth energies. Darker echoes include potential ritual sacrifices, with dragons representing an underworld god/dess placated by human sacrifice.

Finally, dragons might be interpreted as Faery creatures, with the Portreath story potentially symbolizing the conflict between winter (dragon) and summer/spring (dog). The summary concludes that Cornish dragons are ancient, powerful, and otherworldly, possibly linked to underworld deities and earth energies, and were treated with respect by early Christian saints.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The issue consistently emphasizes the ancient and mystical aspects of Cornwall. There's a strong focus on the enduring power of ancient sites and the deep roots of local folklore. The magazine appears to promote a view that ancient peoples possessed sophisticated knowledge, particularly in geometry and their understanding of the natural world and spiritual energies. The editorial stance seems to favor a respectful and nuanced interpretation of myths and legends, particularly regarding the Cornish dragon lore, suggesting a connection to earth energies and pre-Christian traditions. The magazine also highlights lesser-known historical and archaeological sites, encouraging readers to explore and appreciate the rich heritage of the region.

Title: MEYN MAMVRO
Issue: 34
Date: Autumn 1997
Theme: Wierd & Wonderful Cornwall

This issue of MEYN MAMVRO delves into the eccentric, mystical, and witchy aspects of Cornwall, presenting a collection of intriguing local stories and reviews.

Featured Articles

Village Woman is Now an Official Witch!

Cassandra Latham, known as the "Witch of St.Buryan," has officially registered as a self-employed village witch. After attending a business start-up course, she opened a business account and now offers services such as casting healing spells and performing ceremonies. She has become so in demand that she is now able to make a living from her craft, having previously been on the dole. Cassandra is also a qualified counsellor and reads Tarot cards.

*Source: The Cornishman, 27/3/97*

SWW Calls on Vicar to Lift Field Curse

South West Water encountered an ancient curse on a field at Harlyn Bay near Padstow, which was preventing them from laying a pipe. The field was cursed in the 1830s by a local witch, Mother Ivey, after the landowner ordered unsold pilchards to be ploughed into the soil rather than distributed to starving people. Since then, the field has had a bad reputation, with several incidents involving injury and death. In the 1960s, a local wise woman, Granny Taylor, suggested burying bandages to lift the curse. To ensure the pipe-laying work could proceed, the field's owner, Frank Hellyar, enlisted the help of the Rev. Robert Law to perform a ceremony. A spokesperson for SWW stated that disturbing the soil could reactivate the curse.

*Source: Western Morning News, 31/3/97*

Replica Men-an-Tol Causes Controversy in St.Just

A replica sculpture of the famous Men-an-Tol at Morvah, erected outside St.Just Library, has sparked controversy. The Town Council objected to the sculptor Rory Te Tigo's text, which encouraged people to crawl through the holed stone or place their heads in the humming stone for healing, communication, and initiation benefits, fearing it would lead people to believe the replica had the same properties as the original monument. The Free Church minister also complained that the stones were "too pagan," and the local vicar, Rev. David Leach, preached against them and the "local pagan community." Despite the objections, the stones were installed with a ceremony, filmed by local TV, and were generally considered a positive addition to the town.

*Source: The Cornishman, 7/97*

The Pipers Tune: An "Earth Light" Sighting

An unusual sighting of an "earth light" occurred in West Penwith earlier in the summer. A local farmer and his wife reported seeing a very bright blue light in the sky that appeared to "dance" and lead them. The woman described it as "eye-piercingly blue, bluer than an arc-welding light." They also observed a 3ft high egg-shape hovering in front of the light. The phenomenon eventually came to rest above two stones in a field at Gear Farm. While the site itself is not known to be significant, the area is rich in ancient sites. Paul Devereux has suggested that such phenomena might be created by geophysical stress from fault lines in the earth, terming them "earth lights."

Book Reviews

The magazine features an extensive section of book reviews, covering a range of topics related to folklore, earth mysteries, paganism, and Celtic culture.

Oakmagic Publications: This section highlights numerous booklets published by Oakmagic Publications, which consist of reprints of Cornish folklore and legend works. Over 15 new titles were released in 1997, including:

• *Cornwall's Legend Land* (£3.00)
• *Anne Jefferies and the Fairies* (£3.00)
• *The Cornish Obby Oss* (£3.00)
• *Padstow's Faery Folk* (£3.50)
• *The Furry Dance* (£3.00)
• *Arthur's Lost Land* (£4.50)
• *Penzance Customs and Superstitions* (£3.00)

Additionally, three volumes by folklorist R.A. Courtney are mentioned: *The Hill and The Circle* (£3.95), *Cornwall's Holy Wells* (£3.00), and *The Cornish Cross* (£3.00). A reprint of J.C. Blight's survey, *Blight's Cornish Crosses* (£5.00), is also noted. These volumes are described as having line drawings and/or photographs and offering excellent value.

Other Book Reviews:

• *Celtic Connections* by David James (Blandford, £16.99): An overview of pre-Celtic and Celtic culture, history, and traditions, enhanced by colour photographs of sacred sites. Some interpretations are questioned.
• *Celtic Women* by Lyn Webster Wilde (Blandford, £17.99): Examines the role of Celtic women through stories and folklore, with mixed success in its application to later periods.
• *The Celtic Cross* by Nigel Pennick (Blandford, £16.99): A detailed research piece on Celtic crosses, including a section on Cornish crosses and a gazetteer of sites.
• *Celtic Saints* by Nigel Pennick (Thorsons, £9.99): A well-produced book with useful information on saints from Ireland, Wales, Scotland, and Cornwall.
• *English Church Dedications* by Nicholas Orme (University of Exeter Press, £9.95): A source book, particularly its gazetteer of church dedications in Cornwall & Devon. Professor Orme approaches the subject from an agnostic viewpoint.
• *Research in Geomancy 1990-1994* by Jeremy Harte: A bibliography of earth mysteries on floppy disk, including a section on Cornwall.

Cerridwen's Cauldron

This feature, written by MM editor Cheryl Straffon, reconstructs a ritual performed in prehistoric times, approximately 5,000 years ago, during the darkest hour of the shortest day. The reconstruction is based on current research in archaeology, climatology, imagery, botany, and astronomy. The ritual involves a procession to a mound, a fire, chanting, and the ingestion of plants to achieve an altered state of consciousness. The participant connects with ancestors and the Goddess, experiencing a sense of rebirth with the sunrise. An extract from Straffon's book, "THE EARTH GODDESS: Celtic and Pagan Legacy of the Landscape," is also included.

Fair Exchange

3rd Stone Magazine: The magazine is noted for its improved focus on archaeology and earth mysteries under its new editorship. The research and photographic reproduction are praised, and MM receives a positive mention for its knowledge of local sites.

Internet Resources: A link is provided for pages containing images of West Penwith standing stones: http://joshua.micronet.it/utenti/dmeozzi/HomEng.html.

Exchange Magazines & Publications

A comprehensive list of exchange magazines and publications is provided, categorized by theme:

• Earth Mysteries: The Ley Hunter, Northern Earth, At The Edge, 3rd Stone, Touchstone, FOGS (Friends of Grampian Stones).
• Sacred Sites: Caerdroia, ASH (Albion's Sacred Heritage), RILKO (patterns), The Dragon Chronicle.
• Celtic/Arthurian: Dalriada, Celtic Connections, Pendragon.
• Paganism: The Cauldron, Quest, The Silver Wheel, White Dragon, Phoenix.
• Goddess/Feminist: Wood and Water, MRRN (Matriarchy Research & Reclaim Network).
• Other: *from the flames*.

MEYN MAMVRO itself is available on annual subscription for £6.00 for three issues.

Noticeboard

The noticeboard section lists upcoming events and activities in Cornwall:

• Cornish Earth Mysteries: Autumn talks at The Acorn in Penzance, including topics on "The First and Last Wilderness," "Ancient astronomy in Cornwall," and "Morgawr, the Owl Man and other Fortean animals." A winter solstice sunset meeting at Chun Quoit is also announced.
• CUFORG (Cornwall UFO Group): Monthly meetings at Richard Lander School in Truro, and an upcoming UFO Conference in Truro.
• The Wellbeing Centre: A Circle Dance Day is scheduled for September 21st.
• Penwith Pagan Moot: Meetings at The Acorn in Penzance on Tuesdays in September and October.
• Harmony Pottery: Celebrations for Samhain at Wheal Rose, Scorrier.
• Research and Enlightenment Centre: Regular monthly talks in St. Austell, including a talk by Cheryl Straffon and Caeia March on "The Earth and her Mysteries."
• Cornwall's New Age Festival: The 7th annual festival at Ponsmere Hotel, Perranporth, with stalls, talks, and workshops.
• CAER (Centre for Alternative Education & Research): Courses and workshops on Sacred Sites & Ceremonies, Movement in Sacred Sites, and "Fogou - a journey to the underworld."
• Cornwall Archeological Society: Site visits to Holywell Bay and Fogous.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The magazine consistently focuses on the esoteric, mystical, and folkloric aspects of Cornwall and surrounding regions. There is a strong emphasis on paganism, earth mysteries, witchcraft, and ancient history. The editorial stance appears to be one of exploration and documentation of these often-unconventional subjects, presenting them to an audience interested in alternative perspectives and local legends. The inclusion of book reviews, event listings, and personal accounts suggests a community-oriented approach, aiming to inform and connect readers with the broader 'earth mysteries' and pagan communities.