Magazin fur Grenzwissenschaften - No 10 - 1995

Magazine Overview

This issue of Magazin für Grenzwissenschaften (MG), identified as issue 10 and volume 1/1995, is a German-language publication from MG, priced at 8.00 DM. The cover headline, "Das andere grenzwissenschaftliche Magazin," sets the tone for content exploring fringe science and unexplained phenomena. The issue features a striking image of a carved stone head on its cover.

Editorial Stance and Content Overview

The editorial, titled "Der editionale MG-Einstieg für diese Ausgabe," reflects on the state of the 'grenzwissenschaft' (fringe science) community in 1994, criticizing internal rivalries, commercialization, and a lack of genuine progress. The editor expresses a desire to move beyond recycled theories and sensationalism, promising to publish well-researched content and maintain editorial control. The editorial also highlights efforts to improve literature access for readers through a sales service and expanded cooperation with organizations, mentioning upcoming field research in South America.

Featured Articles and Topics

Einblicke (Glimpses)

• Fossile Riesenkrabben vor Chinas Südküste entdeckt: Reports the discovery of a nearly complete fossil of a giant crab, approximately two meters long, dating back to the Cambrian period (around 530 million years ago). These creatures possessed gills, side fins, and a horn-plate mouth.
• Steinzeit-Gum: Mentions the discovery of 9000-year-old chewing gum made from birch resin in Sweden, with visible tooth imprints. The resin contains xylitol, a substance still used in dental care.
• Meteoritenmitbringsel (Meteorite Souvenirs): Describes a meteorite impact in Canada in June 1994. Strange growths were found near the impact site, which were later identified as common mold. Local indigenous people, however, linked it to ancient legends about life originating from space.
• Leben in tiefen Erd- und Seeschichten (Life in Deep Earth and Sea Layers): Discusses the discovery of diverse microbes living up to three kilometers below the Earth's surface and in deep-sea sediments. These organisms thrive in high temperatures and pressures, feeding on gases and organic acids.

Fossile und Prähistorische Funde (Fossil and Prehistoric Finds)

• Hundestammbaum: Pudel-Saurier (Dog Family Tree: Poodle-Saurian): Explores the evolutionary link between modern dogs and ancient saurians, suggesting a potential ancestry from a 140 kg saurian. It traces the dog lineage from *Hesperocyon gregarius* to *Leptocyon* and *Cynodesmus*, noting the split into fox, wolf, jackal, and coyote families, with the wolf playing a key role in modern dog diversity.
• Urzeitlurch entdeckt (Primeval Amphibian Discovered): Reports on the discovery of a 365-million-year-old amphibian fossil in a US swamp. This creature is considered a crucial link in the evolution of land animals, possessing shoulder joints that allowed for movement on land.
• DINO-Embryos: Ungeschlüpfte Jungen (Dino Embryos: Unhatched Young): Details the discovery of two unhatched dinosaur embryos in eggs at the Huntarian Museum in Glasgow. These embryos, identified as belonging to an 'Oviraptor,' challenge previous assumptions that the Oviraptor was solely an egg thief.
• Dinosaurier-Gen isoliert: Tyrannosaurus Rex einmal im Federkleid? (Dinosaur Gene Isolated: Tyrannosaurus Rex Once in Feathers?): Discusses paleontologist Jack Horner's success in isolating dinosaur DNA from a T-Rex thigh bone. The genetic material shows strong similarities to modern birds, supporting the theory that some dinosaurs evolved into birds.

The 'Ruts' Debate: Gleitfurchen in Eifel und Ardennen (Sliding Grooves in Eifel and Ardennes)

This section is dedicated to the controversial topic of 'ruts' or stone grooves, particularly in Central Europe. The debate is framed around the publication of Werner Betz's book, which presented 'ruts' as evidence of extraterrestrial influence.

• Es muß nicht immer Malta sein (It Doesn't Always Have to Be Malta): This article, by Willi Schillings, shifts focus from the well-known Malta 'ruts' to similar formations found closer to home, in the Eifel and Ardennes regions. Schillings emphasizes the importance of local research and avoids grand pronouncements. He references the work of the late Luxembourgish researcher Dr. Ernest Schneider, who defined 'Gleitfurchen' (sliding grooves) as smooth, parallel-edged tracks on inclined rock faces. These grooves are found in Liassic sandstone and vary in width, length, and depth. Schillings argues that their characteristics, including wavy patterns and occasional sharp bends, contradict theories of cart tracks or simple erosion.
• Wie die Gleise wirklich entstanden, oder um was geht es überhaupt? (How the Tracks Really Originated, or What Is It All About?): This piece, likely an editorial comment or a response to the debate, addresses the ongoing dispute within the 'PA-Szene' (Pre-Astronautics scene) and UFO hobbyists regarding the 'Malta complex.' It criticizes the envy and misinterpretations surrounding Werner Betz's book. The author acknowledges that similar rock formations exist elsewhere, causing headaches for scientists. The article posits that these grooves are not easily explained by conventional theories like cart tracks. It also makes a strong statement about respecting the ingenuity of ancient peoples, suggesting their technology might have been superior to modern digital technology in certain applications.
• Gleise in Mitteleuropa (Tracks in Central Europe) by Ulrich Magin: This article presents evidence of 'ruts' or tracks found in various locations within Germany (Rhineland-Palatinate) and Austria (Tyrol), linking them to Roman roads and historical sites. Examples include tracks in Leitstadt, associated with a Roman quarry road; in Wilgartswiesen, along an ancient Roman road; and in Bacharach, part of the Roman Rhine valley road. These tracks, often found in sandstone, are described as having specific widths and depths, and sometimes exhibit double grooves for different wagon types. The article contrasts these findings with the 'cart track' theory, suggesting their characteristics are more complex.

Other Topics

• UFOs online: An informational piece about using modern communication tools like CompuServe and the Internet for UFO-related information exchange. It encourages interested individuals to contact the MG editorial office in Munich for details.
• Leben auf dem Mond? (Life on the Moon?): A brief mention of this topic suggests it is covered within the issue.
• Wie werden die ersten Vögel wohl ausgesehen haben? (What Did the First Birds Probably Look Like?): Another topic mentioned, likely related to the dinosaur-to-bird evolution discussion.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The recurring themes in this issue revolve around ancient mysteries, unexplained phenomena, and the critical examination of evidence. The magazine appears to favor a more rigorous, research-oriented approach to 'grenzwissenschaft,' distinguishing itself from sensationalist or purely speculative content. The editorial explicitly criticizes internal conflicts and superficiality within the fringe science community, advocating for a more grounded and investigative methodology. There's a clear emphasis on presenting well-researched articles, even if they challenge popular theories, and on providing readers with access to scientific literature and research findings. The magazine also seems to promote a sense of discovery and wonder about the past and the universe, while maintaining a critical perspective on extraordinary claims.

This issue of *Magazin für Grenzwissenschaften* (1/95) delves into a variety of topics at the intersection of archaeology, paleontology, and unexplained phenomena. The cover features a striking image related to an ancient custom in Luxembourg, while the main articles explore ancient roads, the evolution of birds, and intriguing historical accounts.

Ancient Roads and Chariot Tracks

The magazine presents a detailed exploration of ancient roads and the distinctive ruts or 'Gleise' (grooves) found in rock formations across Europe. These tracks, often attributed to Roman roads, are also found in areas influenced by Greek and Phoenician civilizations. The article highlights examples in Switzerland, Italy (Aosta Valley), Austria (Wörthersee region), France (Marseilles), and Malta. The text discusses how these grooves were formed, either by the natural wear of wagon wheels or by being intentionally carved into the stone to guide vehicles and prevent slippage, especially on inclines. The complexity of these ancient transport systems is emphasized, with some extending for kilometers.

The 'Egg (UFO) from Columbus'

A separate article revisits the account of mysterious lights observed by Christoph Columbus and his crew during his 1492 voyage. While some interpret this as a hallucination or stress-induced illusion, other theories, such as those proposed by marine biologist Dr. C. R. Crawshay, suggest a connection to bioluminescent sea worms (Odontosyllis onopla) during their mating rituals. The article notes that such phenomena have also been reported in the folklore of Viking cultures, sometimes interpreted as the spirits of ancestors.

The 'Urvogel' Archaeopteryx and Bird Evolution

This section critically examines the Archaeopteryx, often referred to as the 'ur-bird' or 'proto-bird'. While traditionally seen as a transitional fossil between reptiles and birds, the article presents a more nuanced view. It suggests that Archaeopteryx might have been a specialized bird type, possibly a relative of small, carnivorous dinosaurs, rather than a direct ancestor of modern birds. The text questions the assumption that Archaeopteryx was a proficient flyer, pointing to its skeletal structure. It also touches upon the broader debate of bird evolution, questioning the conventional linear progression from reptiles and introducing the concept of 'semiotics' as a means to understand natural signs and potential evolutionary pathways.

Semiotics and the Science of Signs

Introduced as the 'science of signs', semiotics is presented as a field that can provide insights into natural phenomena and potentially decode messages from past civilizations or even extraterrestrial intelligences. The article suggests that observing nature, including the flight of birds and historical accounts of 'flying humans', can offer clues about origins and evolutionary processes. It posits that animals and plants, due to their ability to reproduce, are better carriers of information over long periods than inanimate objects like stone tablets.

Other Articles and Features

Several shorter articles cover diverse topics:

• Secret Passage in the Sphinx: During restoration work, a secret passage was discovered in the Sphinx, extending approximately 73 meters into the monument.
• Pre-Christian Environmental Polluters: The Romans are identified as early polluters of the atmosphere with lead, with significant levels detected in Swedish lakes.
• Oldest Industrial Site: The oldest known industrial site is believed to be a 3000-year-old tin mine in Turkey, with evidence of flint mining in Bavaria dating back 7000 years.
• Inca Expansion: Archaeological findings in Brazil and Venezuela suggest that the Inca Empire was more extensive than previously thought, reaching into the Amazon basin.
• Megalithic Stone Spheres: The magazine discusses the discovery of large stone spheres in Europe, including a 'lava bomb' in Strohn, Germany, and compares them to other megalithic constructions, questioning the ease with which ancient peoples are sometimes assumed to have moved them.
• Dinosaur Evolution: The article touches upon the widespread distribution of dinosaur fossils, suggesting the possibility of land bridges connecting continents to explain similarities in species found across different regions.
• UR-Rhino: The discovery of a 12-million-year-old rhino fossil in France is mentioned.
• New Dinosaur Species: Fossils of a new, previously unknown carnivorous dinosaur species were found in the Gobi Desert, Mongolia.
• Life in Ice: Bacteria trapped in ice for over 7000 years were revived upon warming.
• Deep Earth and Sea Life: Microbes thriving in extreme conditions deep within the Earth's crust and ocean floor are discussed.
• Dinosaur Ancestry: The article explores the debate around dinosaur ancestry, particularly the Tyrannosaurus Rex, and the implications for understanding continental drift and migration.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The magazine consistently explores themes related to ancient mysteries, alternative historical interpretations, and unexplained phenomena. There's a clear interest in challenging conventional scientific narratives, particularly in fields like evolution and archaeology. The editorial stance appears to favor speculative theories and the investigation of evidence that might support pre-astronautic or unconventional historical perspectives. The recurring mention of 'MG' and the 'Magazin für Grenzwissenschaften' branding throughout the articles reinforces this focus on fringe science and historical enigmas.

Title: Magazin für Grenzwissenschaften
Issue: 1/95
Date: January 1995

This issue of Magazin für Grenzwissenschaften explores a range of topics at the intersection of science, mystery, and the unexplained, with a particular focus on extraterrestrial life, evolution, and historical anomalies.

The Evolution of Birds and the 'Reptilisation' Hypothesis

The magazine delves into the evolutionary journey of birds, introducing the concept of 'reptilisation.' It posits that birds, while evolving from reptilian ancestors, have undergone a process of simplification in certain aspects of their anatomy, such as the loss of differentiated teeth and the development of a powerful beak, which serves as a gripping instrument and tool. The article highlights how the bipedal stance, initially developed by dinosaurs, has been consolidated in birds, with their forelimbs transforming into wings. This adaptation is crucial for flight, enabling a high metabolic rate.

The concept of 'pro-Aves' or 'flying humans' is presented as a hypothetical evolutionary stage. This theory suggests that early humans, possessing advanced intelligence, may have genetically engineered themselves to develop flight capabilities. The 'pro-Aves' are described as having a human-like skeletal structure and physiology, with adaptations for flight, including a sternum ridge (carina) and a V-shaped collarbone. Their evolution is seen as a precursor to modern birds, with some lineages eventually specializing in diving (penguins) or running (ostriches).

The Moon: A Potential Haven for Extraterrestrial Life?

Luc Bürgin's article, "Leben auf dem Mond - Wieviel weiß die NASA tatsächlich ???" (Life on the Moon - How Much Does NASA Actually Know ???), questions the official narrative that the Moon is a lifeless celestial body. The author cites historical accounts of light phenomena on the lunar surface and reports of observed apparatuses and structures that suggest artificial origins. A key piece of evidence presented is an alleged conversation between former Lufthansa chief pilot Werner Utter and Apollo 12 astronaut Charles Conrad. Conrad reportedly confided in Utter that the Apollo astronauts encountered phenomena on the Moon that far surpassed conventional explanations, suggesting that NASA possesses more information about potential extraterrestrial artifacts than it publicly admits.

The article also discusses the concept of 'hiding places' in space, specifically mentioning Lagrange points L1 and L2, where satellites can be strategically positioned to evade radar detection. This raises the question of whether military or extraterrestrial spacecraft might be utilizing these locations for covert operations.

Folklore and UFO Phenomena: A Deep Connection?

Wladislaw Raab's article, "Stippvisiten aus einer anderen Welt" (Brief Visits from Another World), explores the striking parallels between ancient folklore and modern UFO sightings and alleged alien encounters. The author examines accounts from various regions, including the Amazon basin and the Alps, which describe phenomena such as fiery balls, mysterious lights, and unexplained events that mirror contemporary UFO reports.

One notable legend describes a 'Schicksalskugel' (fate ball) that brings destruction and death wherever it rolls. Another account details a farmer's encounter with a fiery ball that circled his wagon and disappeared near a village, leaving behind a mysterious black man. The article also touches upon the phenomenon of 'mysterious animal mutilations,' particularly in the US Midwest, which have been linked to UFO activity since around 1967. The author suggests that these ancient stories might not be mere coincidences but could represent a timeless, multidimensional phenomenon that has been misunderstood throughout history.

Other Notable Articles

• "Neue Galaxie entdeckt!" (New Galaxy Discovered!): Reports the discovery of a previously unknown galaxy in the constellation Cassiopeia using radio telescopes.
• "Universum jünger als angenommen?" (Universe Younger Than Assumed?): Discusses new measurements from the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) suggesting the universe might be only 8 billion years old, significantly younger than the previously estimated 16 billion years.
• "Spektakuläre Uranus-Bilder" (Spectacular Uranus Images): Mentions that the HST has sent back spectacular images of Uranus and five of its moons, aiding astronomers in determining their orbits and understanding the planet's complex satellite system.
• "Euro-Rekord im All" (Euro-Record in Space): Highlights Ulf Merbold's achievement of a new record for a Western European astronaut with a four-week stay in space aboard the MIR space station, during which he conducted numerous experiments.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The magazine consistently explores topics that challenge conventional scientific paradigms, including UFOs, aliens, ancient civilizations, and unexplained phenomena. The editorial stance appears to be one of open inquiry, encouraging readers to question established narratives and consider alternative explanations for historical and contemporary mysteries. The publication actively seeks out and presents evidence from folklore, eyewitness accounts, and fringe scientific theories, positioning itself as a platform for exploring the 'unconventional' and 'borderline' aspects of reality.

Title: Magazin für Grenzwissenschaften
Issue: 1/95
Date: January 1995

This issue of 'Magazin für Grenzwissenschaften' (Magazine for Fringe Sciences) delves into the realm of parapsychology, with a significant focus on research and phenomena originating from Russia. The cover prominently features the headline "Parapsychologie in Rußland: Wissenschaftliche fundierte Theorie - Demonstration von Live-Phänomenen" (Parapsychology in Russia: Scientifically Founded Theory - Demonstration of Live Phenomena).

Congress in Neuss: Parapsychology from Russia

The magazine announces a congress held at SWISSOTEL Neuss near Düsseldorf from September 9-10, 1995. This event was exclusively designed to feature Russian sensitives and scientists. Notable participants and their areas of expertise included:

• Prof. Dr. Dulnev: Bringing apparatus to measure healing forces.
• Prof. Dr. Voltschenko: Discussing the parapsychological research status in Russia.
• Prof. Dr. Hlunovski (Military Academy): Focusing on spiritual healing in Russia.
• Dr. Korotkov: An expert in Russian Kirlian photography.
• Dr. Alexander Rasin: Presenting Russian evidence for telepathy.
• Yuri Gerassimov: Editor-in-Chief of the magazine "Terminator".
• Oungar Barbarasakov: Reported to have helped paralyzed individuals out of wheelchairs.
• Prinzessin Kuragina: Demonstrating spiritual healing in practice.
• Herr Lavrinenko: Showcasing the power of the human mind, including demonstrations like holding a newspaper in water for up to 15 minutes, burning a newspaper with a finger, conducting 15,000 volts of electricity through his body, and starting car engines.
• Yuri Longo: Demonstrating numerous parapsychological phenomena, potentially including levitation.
• Bachetnur Nagy: A doctor and Geistheilerin (spiritual healer).
• Genaldi Lissov: Providing an update on the UFO situation in Russia.

Moderation: Rahel Bürger-Rasquin. The magazine notes that changes were subject to reservation and that exhibition spaces were still available for exhibitors.

Congress Fees: Early bird registration (until March 31, 1995) was DM 200 per person, with a price increase to DM 270 per person after April 1, 1995. Registration details were provided, directing participants to send a check to the editorial office of "DIE ANDERE REALITÄT" (The Other Reality), addressed to Conny and Dieter Wiergowski.

Upcoming Events

Two future events were highlighted:

• September 23, 1995: A mass demonstration in Bonn to legalize spiritual healing.
• May 24-27, 1996: A major congress in Neuss titled "KARMA UND REINKARNATION '96 - Das menschliche Bewußtsein unter der Lupe" (Karma and Reincarnation '96 - Human Consciousness Under the Magnifying Glass).

Further information was available from the parapsychological/esoteric newspaper "DIE ANDERE REALITÄT," with an offer to request a free sample copy.

Poltergeist Phenomena: Life of Poltergeists

An article by Stefan E. Rickes titled "Poltern ...... das ist das Leben der Poltergeister!" (Rumbling... That's the Life of Poltergeists!) explores the phenomenon of poltergeists. It describes typical occurrences such as loud noises, unpleasant odors, objects moving on their own, cold spells, inexplicable voices, objects appearing and disappearing, and uncontrolled levitation of people. These phenomena have been documented since the 12th century. Historically, they were often attributed to demonic forces, but the article suggests that the explanation might lie in the earthly realm rather than the supernatural.

London Poltergeist Case: A particularly spectacular case is detailed, involving a family in a northern suburb of London between August 1977 and September 1978. The phenomena began subtly with schlurfing sounds and knocking, escalating to voices. The mother of four children reported these occurrences, leading to investigations by social workers, psychologists, photographers, and priests. A deep voice was recorded, claiming to be 72 years old. Other incidents included objects flying across rooms, paper and cloth spontaneously igniting, and a matchbox catching fire.

Characteristics of Poltergeist Activity: The article notes that despite the disturbances, no one was seriously injured in the London case, which is presented as typical for poltergeist events. It also discusses the hypothesis that poltergeist phenomena might be outward manifestations of internal psychological processes, such as the working through of repressed fears or past traumas. The electrical activity of the brain and heart rate can increase significantly during these events, and the human magnetic field is observed to strengthen.

Energy and Location: The energy released to cause poltergeist phenomena appears to linger in the location for extended periods, with disturbances often recurring in the same spots. The intensity may decrease with subsequent occurrences.

New Hypotheses and US Trends: The article mentions a new wave of poltergeist activity in the United States, with an increasing rate and severity of injuries. This trend challenges the notion that poltergeist events are harmless, suggesting that the myth of minimal or no injury might need to be re-evaluated.

Call for Information: The author invites readers who have experienced or know of poltergeist cases to write to the editorial office.

Enigmas: The Magazine

A separate section introduces "Enigmas," a magazine published five times a year by STRANGE PHENOMENA INVESTIGATIONS (SPI). It covers various aspects of the paranormal, including UFOs, poltergeists, hauntings, spiritualism, and life after death. Subscription details are provided, directing inquiries to Malcom Robinson.

Carnac: The People Who Set the Stones

A striking full-page image of large megalithic stones at Carnac, France, is presented with the title "Carnac ...... das Volk, das die Steine setzte" (Carnac... the people who set the stones). This visually suggests an article or feature on the ancient megalithic site.

MG-Merkzettel: Videos, Books, and Materials

This extensive section serves as a catalog of multimedia products related to fringe sciences available for purchase. It is divided into several categories:

• Videos: Featuring titles on UFO phenomena (e.g., "UFO-Phänomen Teil 1 & 2," "UFO'S ARE REAL Teil 1 & 2"), Nostradamus, the World Formula, and space exploration (e.g., "Eine Galaktische Odyssee," "Unser Sonnensystem").
• Books: Organized by topic, including:
• Tibet: Books on Tibetan culture, spirituality, and legends (e.g., "Tibet - die ewige Kraft des Geistigen," "Shambhala Teil 1 & 2").
• Astrology: Titles covering astrological principles and practices.
• Time Documents: Historical and archaeological documentaries (e.g., "Babylon," "Sparta," "Greece and the Persians," "Athens' Rise to World Power").
• Knowledge: Books on various subjects like the "8th Day of Creation," Ötzi the Iceman, and the US and USSR space programs.
• Herodot: Dialogues with Herodotus, exploring ancient history.
• Planets in the Solar System: Videos detailing Mercury, Mars, and the broader solar system.
• Mysticism/Spirituality/Holistic Healing/Esotericism: A vast collection of books on diverse esoteric subjects, including works by authors like Erich von Däniken, Paul Davies, and various texts on healing, meditation, and spiritual development.
• Authors: Numerous books are listed by specific authors such as Erich von Däniken, Johannes von Buttlar, Helena Blavatsky, and many others covering a wide range of paranormal and spiritual topics.

Each entry typically includes a title, author, brief description, ISBN (where applicable), length (for videos), and price in German Marks (DM).

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The magazine consistently explores themes related to the paranormal, unexplained phenomena, ancient mysteries, spirituality, and alternative scientific theories. The editorial stance appears to be one of open inquiry into subjects often considered outside mainstream science, providing a platform for researchers, authors, and enthusiasts in the field of grenzwissenschaften. The inclusion of events like the parapsychology congress and the extensive catalog of related materials indicates a commitment to informing and engaging readers interested in these topics. The magazine also seems to encourage reader participation by soliciting accounts of personal experiences with phenomena like poltergeists.

This issue of 'Magazin für Grenzwissenschaften' (Magazine for Frontier Sciences), dated 1/95 (Volume 10), features a prominent article on the megaliths of Brittany, France, specifically focusing on the archaeological problems and mysteries surrounding the sites of Carnac and Locmariaquer. The cover presents a striking image of a large menhir in Brittany and poses the question: "Megaliths in Brittany - an archaeological problem!?"

The magazine also includes a "Bestellcoupon" (Order Coupon) for a "Grenzwissenschaftlicher Video- und Buchkatalog" (Frontier Science Video and Book Catalog) from MG-Verlag, listing titles such as "Ufo-Phänomen Teil 1", "Nostradamus", and "Auf den Spuren der Allmächtigen".

Megalithen in der Bretagne - ein archäologisches Problem!?

The main article, authored by Walter L. Kelch, delves into the enigmatic megalithic structures of Brittany. It begins by drawing a parallel between the awe experienced by Roman legionaries encountering these ancient sites and the observations of Allied air reconnaissance units in later times, both mistaking them for military defenses.

The text highlights the lack of clear historical records from Roman times, with only vague mentions of Gallic druids being feared. Modern archaeologists face the challenge of reconstructing the purpose and context of these structures, as much has been lost to time. The article introduces the complex site of Locmariaquer, mentioning the "La Table des Marchand" (a dolmen with a passage grave) and "Er Grah" (another dolmen type). These sites are described as 'open' burial grounds, possibly serving as ceremonial spaces, with extensive platforms and structures that evolved over time.

Detailed descriptions are provided regarding the construction phases and dimensions of these monuments, with estimates of their original lengths and widths. The article notes the presence of hearths and graves predating the main construction, including one containing cattle remains, suggesting ritualistic practices. The evolution from simple burial chambers to more complex tumuli and surrounding structures is outlined, with a focus on the alignment of the main axis towards the "Großer Menhir" (Great Menhir).

The "Le grand Menhire brisé" (the large broken menhir) is identified as a particularly fascinating monument, with its impressive size and unknown origin. The article discusses the search for explanations for the broken pieces, suggesting a connection to the alignment of graves within the "Table des Marchand" complex. It is noted that the stone used for this monument is not local, and a stylized face, the 'hache-charrue', is present on its front, resembling other stelae from the fifth millennium BC.

The "Table des Marchand" is described as a key Neolithic monument that has captivated archaeologists since the 18th century. Early photographs from the turn of the century provide initial insights. A restoration of the tumulus in 1938 challenged existing interpretations. By 1985, scientists agreed that the capstone was part of a deliberately broken menhir, with another fragment found kilometers away. Excavations between 1986 and 1989 revealed the original tumulus structure, including circular walls and granite pillars. Ceramic artifacts found near the burial passage suggest their use in funerary rites.

A significant discovery was a dwelling level beneath the tumulus, dating from before its construction. Evidence of hearths and post holes indicates wooden structures, with pottery and stone tools suggesting domestic activities. In 1991, 16 aligned graves were found at this level, possibly indicating the former location of upright menhirs that were removed.

The article then shifts to the broader context of Carnac, stating that around 10,000 monuments may have existed in the region by the 13th to 15th centuries, a number reduced to approximately 4000 by 1994. It notes that historical records from 1475 surprisingly make no mention of these monuments. The destruction and repurposing of these sites by churches, businessmen, and farmers are highlighted, a phenomenon also observed in Germany.

Regarding the purpose of the menhirs, the article dismisses theories involving goblins or extraterrestrials. It acknowledges that their imposing appearance might have initially startled people, including the Romans. The text emphasizes that these stones were deliberately placed by early humans, who were settled farmers and potters. The presence of similar megalithic structures across Europe, from the Mediterranean to the Baltic Sea, is noted, indicating a widespread phenomenon.

The article touches upon the debate surrounding the classification of these structures, with the term 'megalithic' referring to large stones and often associated with Neolithic burial cults (like passage graves) and dry-stone constructions. The widespread nature of these monuments across Europe sparked scholarly debate about their origins, with initial theories favoring local populations.

Historical figures like C. Schuchhardt are mentioned for their theories linking the alignments to Aryan ideology. Modern archaeological assessments suggest astronomical alignments, possibly related to solstices and equinoxes, but definitive conclusions remain elusive. The article also briefly mentions other megalithic sites across Europe, including New Grange (Ireland), Maes Howe (Scotland), and various sites in France, Spain, Portugal, Italy, and Germany.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The magazine consistently explores topics on the fringes of conventional science, including UFO phenomena, ancient mysteries, and archaeological enigmas. The editorial stance appears to be one of open inquiry, presenting various theories and historical accounts related to unexplained phenomena and historical puzzles, while grounding them in archaeological findings and historical research where possible. The emphasis on the 'frontier sciences' suggests an interest in subjects that challenge established paradigms.

This issue of "Magazin für Grenzwissenschaften" (Magazine for Frontier Sciences), dated 1/95, features a cover story titled "Wer regiert die Welt? Hier erfahren Sie es!" (Who rules the world? Find out here!), accompanied by advertisements for several books on secret societies and hidden powers. The magazine delves into a variety of topics, including ancient megalithic sites, astronomical theories, and archaeological discoveries.

Megalithic Sites of Carnac and Their Origins

The article "Die Reste einer größeren Stein-Anlage im Bereich von Le Ménec" discusses the megalithic structures in Carnac, France. It notes that these enormous stones, possibly part of the Kermario stone avenue, have remnants of village arrangements and roads, suggesting a significant ancient complex. While some theories suggest an external influence from a religion originating from the East, C-14 analyses and dendrochronology point towards an independent development by local farmers who were also the builders. The article acknowledges that migrations, wars, and the Christianization of Europe have led to much of the ancient megalithic knowledge being forgotten.

It further categorizes megalithic structures into normal graves, individual standing stones (menhirs), and group stone settings. These include stone cists, elongated gallery graves, and passage graves, with variations based on the status of the interred. The size of these monuments ranges from small stone cists to large structures capable of holding up to 100 bodies.

Local beliefs in Carnac attribute the stones to a "world wonder," with stories about their placement. The article suggests that many of these legends and myths, some reminiscent of German folklore like the "Wild Man," may stem from the era of migrations. It also touches upon the concept of "Kérions," described as small, evil, and powerful goblins who supposedly add stones to the existing structures on June evenings, creating a bright illumination, possibly linked to Midsummer's Eve bonfires.

Chronological Einordnung der Megalithendenkmäler (Chronological Classification of Megalithic Monuments)

Unlike in many other European countries where megalithic monuments are found on hilltops, in Carnac, they are situated on slopes, in valleys, and even in forests and the Atlantic. Many are located near water sources. Archaeologists now believe these are not just individual graves but often form groups connected geographically. The construction was carefully integrated into the landscape, serving specific functions. Many of these sites have been destroyed over time.

Origins and Development of Early European Cultures

The article "Eine typische Bestattungsart in der Bretagne vor rund 4000 v.Chr." describes typical burial practices in Brittany around 4000 BC, including grave goods, weapons, and decorations. It posits that the Breton people represent a relatively young culture, bridging the end of prehistory and the beginning of the historic period. The article contrasts this with the earlier Neolithic revolution in the Near East, which shifted from gathering and hunting to settled agriculture. It suggests that technological advancements spread from the East, including the development of writing, while Western Europe saw economic shifts. The population of Armorica (ancient Brittany) is estimated in the hundreds of thousands, with a structured society and division of labor, particularly in food production. Agriculture included cultivating legumes and processing flax for fishing nets and clothing. Tools like polished stone axes and simple plows were used.

The spread of the late Neolithic period brought about the Megalithic era. Dating these periods is challenging, but tree-ring analysis and the unique sandy soil of Brittany, which has mummifying properties, have aided in dating wooden finds. The earliest evidence of human presence in Brittany is found at Saint-Colomban in Carnac, with tool fragments dating back to around 450,000 BC, attributed to "Homo erectus."

Further finds include tools from around 100,000 BC, attributed to Neanderthals. The abundance of fish and game suggests a significant population increase by the Neolithic period. Settlements like those at Téviec and Hoedic became population centers, with materials being produced and exported as far as Germany. This indicates a well-structured society with both agricultural and industrial interests. Improvements in toolmaking, such as polishing stones, and advancements in pottery and weaving, led to increased knowledge and existential questions among early humans.

Various tribes buried their dead in simple halls or expanded them into large cult sites, a practice that evolved over 5000 years. The article notes the increasing complexity of creativity and construction, driven by the desire to demonstrate religious affiliation and power.

An agricultural mentality emerged from hunter-gatherer societies, with a focus on nature worship. The article discusses the integration of fertility cults, personified by female deities, into burial practices. Humans began building temples to celestial gods and honoring the dead with increasingly elaborate burial sites.

The Earth's Structure and Plate Tectonics: A Sumerian Perspective

Werner Steinmann's article, "Die Plattentektonik und Aktivität der Erde als Beweis sumerischer Überlieferungen" (Plate Tectonics and Earth's Activity as Proof of Sumerian Traditions), explores the theory that Sumerian texts, particularly those by Z. Sitchin, describe the entry of the planet Nibiru into the solar system and a catastrophic collision with Tiamat. This event, according to the theory, led to Tiamat being torn apart and forming a new planet, with its moon being swallowed. The article posits that the Earth still bears the scars of this ancient struggle.

The article details the Earth's structure: a diameter of approximately 12,756 km at the equator and 12,714 km at the poles, with a crust thickness of 30-40 km on continents and 10-20 km under oceans. The mantle extends to about 2900 km, divided into a cooler outer layer and a hotter inner layer. The core, estimated at 5000-10000°C, is believed to be composed of iron and nickel, with a diameter of 2500 km. The Moho-Method, using seismic waves, is employed to study these layers.

Contrary to the assumption that planetary surfaces are uniformly formed, the article highlights that Earth has a unique structure with continental plates. It questions why Earth, unlike other terrestrial planets (Mercury, Venus, Mars), has a fragmented crust. The article proposes a thought experiment involving a water droplet with different colored pigments to illustrate how density differences could lead to layered structures. It suggests that a planet like Earth, with a thick, fragmented crust, must have experienced an external force of immense magnitude, greater than internal geological forces, to cause such a disruption.

The article argues that a single asteroid impact would not be sufficient to shatter a planet's crust. It proposes that the collision with another planet, identified by Sumerians as "Nibiru" and by Babylonians as "Marduk," was responsible. This planet, larger than Tiamat, had a strong gravitational pull that tore Tiamat apart. The article suggests that Tiamat's crust, cooled under immense water pressure, became rich in silica and light, forming the basis for continental plates. The article concludes that the Earth's continental plates are remnants of Tiamat's crust, broken apart during this ancient cosmic event.

Archaeological News Briefs

Several short news items are included:

• The Curse of Popol Kinich: A 1400-year-old Maya tomb in Copan, Honduras, discovered by US archaeologists, was found to be heavily contaminated with mercury, raising questions about its intentional use in the burial ritual of ruler Popol Kinich.
• High-Tech Optics from Over 4000 Years Ago?: The "Collection of Trojan Antiquities," discovered by Heinrich Schliemann, includes rock crystal pieces from the Puschkin Museum that have been identified as high-quality magnifying lenses.
• Researchers Puzzled: A limestone block found in the Nile Delta bears an inscription from an unknown Pharaoh, "Sehechor," with an unknown historical period.
• Floods Overwhelm the Valley of the Kings: Severe floods in Egypt have reached the Valley of the Kings, threatening the tombs of Tutankhamun and Ramesses III, and other historical sites.
• Marco Polo - Did He Just Make It Up? He Wasn't in China! China expert Frances Wood claims Marco Polo never visited China, citing omissions and inaccuracies in his accounts, such as the absence of the Great Wall.
• Oak Island - No End in Sight?! A Canadian mining company plans to resume investigations at Oak Island, potentially leading to new excavation attempts.
• Burial by Boat Grave: A boat grave from the Migration Period was found in Wremen, Germany, containing a throne-like chair and a decorated wooden table.
• The Secret of the Xinjiang Mummies: Chinese and Russian archaeologists have unearthed over 100 well-preserved mummies from 3000-2000 BC in Urumtschi, China. Their Indo-Germanic appearance and grave goods suggest a connection to a European lineage, posing a puzzle for archaeologists.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The magazine consistently explores fringe theories and alternative interpretations of history, archaeology, and cosmology. It gives significant weight to ancient texts, particularly Sumerian accounts, as sources of historical and scientific information that challenge mainstream understanding. The editorial stance appears to favor investigating unexplained phenomena, ancient mysteries, and potential extraterrestrial influences, often presenting speculative theories as plausible explanations. The inclusion of book reviews and advertisements for related literature reinforces this focus on alternative knowledge and esoteric subjects.

This issue of "Magazin für Grenzwissenschaften" (Magazine for Border Sciences), dated 1/95, focuses heavily on UFO sightings in the 'Dreiländereck' (Triland) region of Germany, the Netherlands, and Belgium, alongside speculative theories about Earth's geological history and ancient myths.

The Earth's Transformation: From Tiamat to Plate Tectonics

The magazine presents a speculative theory about Earth's formation, suggesting that the planet was once known as Tiamat. A catastrophic event, possibly involving a collision with another celestial body, caused Tiamat's crust to break apart. The remaining fragments are theorized to have reformed into a sphere, with the water present condensing to form oceans and a dense atmosphere. This event is posited as the origin of plate tectonics, with the Earth's crust constantly healing and shifting, creating long 'scars' like the mid-ocean ridges. The theory suggests that the Earth's crust is significantly younger than that of its sister planets due to this ongoing renewal process. The article also references the historical theories of supercontinents like Pangaea, Gondwana, and Laurasia, attributing their formation and breakup to geological processes.

The Earth's Ongoing Activity

Despite its age, Earth remains geologically active, a phenomenon the magazine contrasts with other planets. The article questions why Earth's internal heat energy is converted into kinetic energy that drives plate tectonics, unlike other planets which have cooled and solidified. It suggests that the Earth's 'pear-shaped' appearance and its activity are linked. The theory posits that the catastrophic event involving a 'moon' (referred to as the 'Nordwind' by the Sumerians) that impacted the planet contributed to its irregular shape and ongoing activity. This impact is believed to have mixed the Earth's internal layers and possibly incorporated lunar material, which might still be present in Earth's geological strata.

UFOs in the Dreiländereck

A significant portion of the magazine is dedicated to UFO sightings in the 'Dreiländereck' region, particularly in Südlimburg (Netherlands). The report details a wave of sightings that began in May 1994 and intensified in August. It highlights specific incidents, including:

• May 6/7, 1994: Disco-goers in Heerlen reported seeing white light balls.
• July 7, 1994: Two housewives observed white light balls at a low altitude.
• August 4, 1994: A police officer in Heerlen observed a night flying object, later recognized on a video.
• August 4, 1994: A woman in Maasniel saw an object emitting white rays.
• August 4, 1994: An object near Brüggen military airport fired a red beam at a fighter jet.
• August 5, 1994: Witnesses in Eupen saw a flying saucer emitting a strong light.
• August 16, 1994: A family in Simpelveld observed a 'flat round saucer' with a red light.
• August 28, 1994: A witness in Brunssum saw a silent object with pulsating red lights.
• September 1, 1994: An object with yellow and red lamps was seen in Spekholzerheide.
• October 29, 1994: A police officer in Koblenz observed a hexagonal object with multiple headlights.

The article notes the reluctance of Dutch authorities to officially engage with these reports, contrasting it with the media's extensive coverage. It also mentions the involvement of various UFO organizations in analyzing the evidence.

Other UFO Reports and Theories

Beyond the Dreiländereck, the magazine includes reports from other locations:

• Brandenburg, Germany (October 1994): Several sightings of strange light phenomena and aerial maneuvers were reported.
• Neuruppin, Germany: A police officer was reportedly illuminated by a giant spotlight from a UFO.
• Lohmar, Germany (late October 1994): Children observed a circular flying object with colorful lights.
• China: The article references ancient Chinese texts, such as 'Jin Yang Qui', describing celestial phenomena and potential alien visits.

The magazine also discusses the ARD broadcast "UFOs – they exist!" and the subsequent media frenzy, cautioning against sensationalism and speculation, particularly regarding the misinterpretation of pyrotechnic munitions as UFOs.

UFO-KURIER and Other Publications

The issue introduces "UFO-KURIER," a new UFO magazine described as objective and scientifically founded, covering topics like alien bases, UFO abductions, and the Roswell incident. It also mentions "UFO-Nachrichten," a long-standing German-language UFO publication.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The magazine consistently explores the intersection of unexplained phenomena, scientific speculation, and historical accounts. The editorial stance appears to favor in-depth investigation and critical analysis, while acknowledging the speculative nature of many topics. There's a clear interest in ancient myths and their potential connection to modern UFO reports, as well as a critical view of sensationalism in media coverage of UFOs. The geological theories presented are also highly speculative, drawing on catastrophic models and ancient texts. The publication aims to inform readers about a wide range of 'border science' topics, encouraging them to form their own conclusions.

This issue of "Magazin für Grenzwissenschaften" (Magazine for Border Sciences), dated 1/95, serves as a comprehensive directory of information and hotline services related to the field of 'Grenzwissenschaften'. The cover prominently features a cartoon of a bus, symbolizing a 'network bus service', surrounded by UFO imagery and the headline "Infostellen und Hotline-Dienste, in Sachen Grenzwissenschaften" (Information and Hotline Services, in the Matter of Border Sciences).

Directory of Organizations

The magazine dedicates a significant portion to listing various organizations and groups that engage in specialized research. These are categorized under headings such as "UFO-Forschung" (UFO Research), "Kornkreise" (Crop Circles), "PSI-Phänomene" (PSI Phenomena), "Prä-Astronautik" (Pre-Astronautics), "Astronomie" (Astronomy), and "Grenzwissenschaften" (Border Sciences).

Under "UFO-Forschung," readers can find contact details for publications like "UFO-Nachrichten," "MUFON-CES," "Gesellschaft zur Erforschung des UFO-Phänomens (GEP) e.V.," "CENAP," "UFO-Report," "DEGUFO e. V.," "RUFON," and "UFO-Kurier." These entries often include addresses, phone numbers, and fax numbers.

The "Kornkreise" section lists "FGK e.V.", and "PSI-Phänomene" lists "PROTEG." For "Prä-Astronautik," "MYSTICS," "G.E.A.S. e.V.," "Discover," and "Explorer" are featured. "IPE e.V." and "AAS" are also listed, possibly related to these themes.

"Astronomie" includes "STAROBSERVER," and "Grenzwissenschaften" lists "TP," "NSIS," and "MAGAZIN 2000."

Additionally, there are sections for "Esoterik und Grenzwissenschaften" with "DAR - Die andere Realität," and a "Thematische Bücherstube zum Thema" (Thematic Bookstore on the Topic) featuring "Esoterische Bücherstube K. Grasmück."

The introductory text emphasizes that the magazine is not responsible for the goals, activities, or approaches of these listed organizations and advises readers to include sufficient return postage when making inquiries.

Book Reviews and Recommendations

This issue features several book reviews, highlighting significant works in the field:

PSI Agenten: Die Manipulation unseres Bewußtseins

This review, penned by Dr. Kurt Klein, a former scientific director at the Bundeswehr Academy for Psychological Defense, analyzes Ernst Meckelburg's book "PSI Agenten." The book is described as a comprehensive overview of paranormal research and findings, drawing on extensive facts, some known to the public and others new. It highlights the significant state funding for parapsychological research in the USA and the former USSR, driven by military interests and the desire for consciousness manipulation. The review notes Meckelburg's emphasis on the potential for both military and civilian applications, and the author's ability to present complex information clearly. It also touches upon the historical context of telepathy and hypnosis in espionage and special forces training, as well as the less-known instances of harm caused by paranormal influences, citing the alleged microwave attacks on the US embassy in Moscow.

Wo Göttinnen das Land beschützen

This review discusses Sophie Lange's book, which brings the Matron goddesses from the past into contemporary consciousness. The book explores the veneration of these goddesses by the Romans, their connection to Celtic and Germanic cultures, and traces matriarchal origins through archaeological findings and cult sites. The review recommends the work for its insights into the Matron cult.

Menschen, Götter, Astronauten

Manfred Thomas's book is presented as a significant contribution to the discussion on pre-astronautics. The review suggests that Thomas offers a philosophical perspective on the pre-astronautics thesis, going beyond mere speculation. It notes that the author's analysis is primarily based on human behavior patterns and touches upon political examples, linking them to the concept of astronaut gods. The review recommends the book for those seriously engaging with the pre-astronautics theory.

Special Information on Literature

Under the heading "Die Spezialinformation über Literatur zur Thematik!" (Special Information on Literature on the Topic!), the magazine announces that starting from the next issue, it will provide a more extensive listing of literature and media materials. This current issue, however, focuses on four noteworthy books:

• PSI Agenten by Ernst Meckelburg (Langen Müller Verlag, ISBN: 3-7844-2513-5, 368 pages). Recommended for readers interested in the paranormal.
• Wo Göttinnen das Land beschützen by Sophie Lange (Helios-Verlag, 186 pages). Recommended for its insights into the Matron cult.
• Menschen, Götter, Astronauten by Manfred Thomas (Frieling Verlag, ISBN: 3-89009-661-1, 111 pages). Recommended for its unique philosophical approach to pre-astronautics.

Industriestädte, Freizeitparks und Fluchtburgen im All

This section features a quote from ex-astronaut Harrison Schmitt, who advocates for renewed lunar missions and Mars exploration. Schmitt argues that the Moon should be developed as an energy source, that lunar resources can mitigate Earth's pollution, and that space habitats are necessary as 'escape fortresses' in case of cosmic catastrophes like the Shoemaker-Levy-9 comet impact. He believes humanity's destiny is to expand its boundaries and envisions future leisure parks in space. Schmitt notes that private initiatives are crucial, as governments are too focused on present-day problems.

Unser Sonnensystem ..... das Leben am Rande der Milchstraße

This is an advertisement for a video series titled "Unser Sonnensystem" (Our Solar System). The series, presented as a video gallery, covers the current state of research on our solar system, including its place in the Milky Way, the Sun, planets, asteroids, comets, and meteorites. It is described as informative and educational, with four parts available for purchase.

Comic Strip: Dr. Schlonz und die Wunderbare Welt der Paranormalen Phänomene

A humorous comic strip titled "Dr. Schlonz und die Wunderbare Welt der Paranormalen Phänomene" (Dr. Schlonz and the Wonderful World of Paranormal Phenomena) is featured, with this installment focusing on "UFO-Abstürze in Deutschland" (UFO Crashes in Germany). The strip humorously depicts a dog's mistaken identification of a flying saucer as a flying coffee cup, leading to the end of an 'ufologist's career'.

Esoterik and Product Offerings

Page 6 is dedicated to a catalog of esoteric products and books. It lists various items, including:

• Alt-Ägyptische Amulette: Replicas of ancient Egyptian amulets with purported health, protection, luck, love, success, and wish-fulfillment properties.
• Glücks-Pyramide: A 'wonder amulet of the Pharaohs' with lottery numbers.
• Liebes-Zauber: Astrological love perfume oil.
• Voodoo-Zauber Puppen: Voodoo dolls made of beeswax for addressing problems like grief, addiction, relationship issues, and protection against black magic.
• Voodoo-Master-Set: A comprehensive set of Voodoo items.
• Kartenlegen-Richtig lernen! (Learn Card Reading Correctly!): A home study course with books and various types of divination cards (Lenormand, Zigeuner, Kipper, Tarot).
• Planetarische Hexen-Rituale (Planetary Witch Rituals): Rituals associated with Venus, Jupiter, Mercury, Mars, Sun, and Diana, each targeting specific life areas.
• Natur-Geister-Ritual (Nature Spirit Ritual): A ritual for commanding nature and elemental spirits.
• Mond-Magie (Moon Magic): A book by Z. Budapest detailing 23 moon magic rituals for various purposes.
• Hexen-Collier (Witch's Collier): A necklace with gemstones and silver pentagram/hexagram for authority and magical power.
• Großer Hexen-Blutstein: A protective amulet with a bloodstone.
• Books by Zsuzsanna Budapest and Starhawk: Titles on witchcraft, goddess worship, and ritual practices.
• Goldsensor-Pendel (Gold Sensor Pendulum) and Bernstein-Pendel (Amber Pendulum): Pendulums for divination, including lottery numbers.
• Handlesekunst (Palmistry), Hypnose (Hypnosis), Graphologie (Graphology), Zahlen als Wahrsager (Numbers as Fortune Tellers), Meister-Pendel (Master Pendulum).
• Jenseits-Kontakte Oui-Ja-Brett (Spirit Contact Oui-Ja-Board) and Witchboard.
• Magie Vom Lehrling zum Meister (Magic From Apprentice to Master): A comprehensive guide to white and black magic.
• Schutz-Engel (Guardian Angel): A book on how to invoke guardian angels.
• Tierkreis-Stein, Monats-Stein, Planeten-Stein (Zodiac Stone, Month Stone, Planet Stone): Stones with purported properties.

These items are offered by "Esoterik-Versand K. Hercher."

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The recurring themes in this issue are the dissemination of information about organizations involved in fringe sciences and esotericism, the review and promotion of relevant literature, and the exploration of topics such as UFOs, paranormal phenomena, ancient beliefs, and space exploration. The editorial stance appears to be one of open inquiry and support for the investigation of these subjects, encouraging readers to explore the listed resources and literature. The inclusion of a comic strip and a wide range of esoteric products suggests an aim to engage a broad audience interested in these alternative fields.