La ligne bleue survolee - No 28 - 1993

Magazine Overview

Title: LA LIGNE BLEUE SURVOLEE ?
Issue: 28
Date: 1993
Publisher: CERCLE VOSGIEN "LUMIERES DANS LA NUIT"
Country: France
Language: French
ISSN: 0293-2032

This issue of the bulletin "La Ligne Bleue Survolée ?" from the Cercle Vosgien "Lumières Dans La Nuit" is dedicated to exploring UFO phenomena, with a particular focus on historical sightings and their potential misinterpretation as natural atmospheric events. The cover features the title prominently, overlaid on a stylized map filled with the word "OVNI", suggesting a theme of UFO presence or observation.

Editorial

The editorial, penned by GMH (likely Gilles Munsch), addresses the nature of "Ufologues" and "investigators." It highlights the challenges of obtaining reliable, first-hand information, contrasting the desire for concrete data with the often fragmented and uncertain nature of UFO reports. The author laments the difficulty in getting precise details from witnesses, noting that even those who have experienced unusual events may struggle to articulate them clearly. The editorial questions whether the "myth" or "social pressure" might overshadow the pursuit of truth in UFO research, posing a challenge to readers to submit their observation reports.

Articles and Content

"Quelques notes sur le "Comité P.A.N.I." de l'Institut des Hautes Etudes de la Défense Nationale (IHEDN)" by Jean-Philippe Dain

This article provides an overview of a 1977 committee formed within the IHEDN to study UFOs and their implications for National Defense. The report examined various opinions on the subject, the potential dangers of the phenomenon, and the issue of information dissemination. The author focuses on the potential risks, categorizing them into direct risks from the phenomenon itself and indirect risks arising from social manipulation. Direct risks include the possibility of misidentifying a UFO as an enemy aircraft, leading to potentially dangerous responses. Indirect risks involve the potential for UFOs to distract public attention from more serious matters or for private ufology groups to be manipulated for intelligence gathering under the guise of UFO investigation. The committee recommended monitoring ufology publications and ensuring that information is shared to prevent misinterpretations and potential public panic.

"L'histoire manipulée (2) - Des Soleils Triples, Croix, Arcs ou Trompettes Célestes" by Eric Maillot

This is the second part of a series by Eric Maillot, which critically examines historical accounts often cited as UFO sightings. The article analyzes several historical events, including:

• 1704: Descriptions of red pyramid-shaped objects and trumpet-shaped flames are presented, with the author suggesting they could be solar phenomena.
• 1755 (August 15): A sphere appearing over Amsterdam, emitting blinding light and descending like a helicopter, is discussed. The author notes the anachronistic comparison to a helicopter and suggests it might be a misinterpretation of a natural event.
• 1744 (May 27): A trumpet-shaped object seen over London is mentioned.
• 796: Small flying globes observed around the sun in England are noted, with the author lamenting the lack of precise timing for analysis.
• 1553 (January 13): A detailed account from Porco describes a large white circle, red suns, blue and red arcs, and a blood-red comet. Maillot identifies this as a complex solar halo phenomenon, referencing a publication by "Pour la Science" for further explanation.
• 1561 (April 14): The famous Nuremberg event, described as a celestial battle involving spheres, disks, and crosses, is recounted. Maillot suggests this also bears resemblance to optical phenomena, particularly solar halos, and notes a similar event in Oloron in 1952.

Maillot concludes that many historical "UFO" sightings, particularly those involving halos, crosses, and multiple suns, are likely optical atmospheric phenomena. He expresses concern that the misrepresentation of these events as UFOs undermines the seriousness of current ufology.

"Les Ummites pris au piège !" by Raoul Robé

This article, marked with an asterisk indicating humor (Humour en B.D.), likely discusses the "Ummites," a fictional extraterrestrial race, and a scenario where they are "trapped." The specific content is not detailed in the provided text, but its inclusion suggests a lighter, perhaps satirical, take on extraterrestrial themes.

"Ballade dans les profondeurs de l'âme" by Jean-Louis Peyraut

This article's title suggests a more introspective or philosophical exploration, possibly related to the psychological aspects of belief or experience, rather than a direct UFO report.

"Regard sur la presse" by Eric Maillot

This column likely reviews recent media coverage of UFO-related topics, offering an analysis or critique of how the press reports on such subjects.

"Regard sur la TV - La "Bête" des Vosges" by Raoul Robé

This article, also marked with an asterisk for humor, examines television coverage, specifically focusing on a local legend or phenomenon known as "La Bête des Vosges" (The Beast of the Vosges). It likely connects this to UFO or unexplained phenomena in a humorous context.

"Approches ufologiques du folklore par l'étude de contes Vosgiens" by Stéphane Devaux

This piece explores ufological interpretations of local folklore and tales from the Vosges region, suggesting that traditional stories might contain elements that can be analyzed through a UFO lens.

"Présentation de l'horrible vérité de John Lear" by Raoul Robé

This article, marked with an asterisk, presents what is described as the "horrible truth" according to John Lear, a figure known for his controversial claims about UFOs and government cover-ups. The article likely summarizes or critiques Lear's assertions.

"Droit de réponse - Courrier à Phénoména" by Eric Maillot

This section is a response to a letter or article published in "Phénoména," a publication likely related to UFOs or the paranormal. It allows for a rebuttal or clarification of points made previously.

"Trois "soucoupes" jouent à saute-mouton. (Complément d'enquête oublié par la rédaction - Voir N°27)" by Eric Maillot

This article is presented as a follow-up to a previous investigation (mentioned in issue N°27) that was apparently overlooked by the editorial team. It describes an incident involving three "flying saucers" engaged in a playful or erratic maneuver.

Other Content

List of Personnel: The bulletin lists the key personnel of the Cercle Vosgien LDLN, including the President, Vice-President, Treasurer, Secretary, and Assistant Secretary.

Exchange Policy: The bulletin is transmitted to ufologists and groups in France and abroad as an exchange for their publications. It is published twice a year, with occasional special issues.

Article Responsibility: Articles published in the bulletin represent the views of their authors only. Reproduction requires written consent from the authors and acknowledgment of the CVLDLN as the source.

Submission: Readers are invited to send their texts to the address provided or to one of the responsible individuals.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The recurring themes in this issue revolve around the critical examination of UFO phenomena. There is a strong emphasis on distinguishing genuine unexplained events from misinterpretations of natural phenomena, particularly atmospheric optics. The bulletin also addresses the role of ufology organizations, the potential for media manipulation, and the importance of rigorous investigation and accurate reporting. The editorial stance appears to be one of cautious skepticism towards sensationalism, advocating for a more scientific and evidence-based approach to understanding UFOs, while acknowledging the enduring mystery and public fascination with the subject. The inclusion of humorous pieces suggests an attempt to balance serious inquiry with a lighter touch.

This issue of OVNI-PRESENCE, number 47, dated May 1992, features a prominent cover story titled "LES UMMITES PRIS AU PIEGE" (The UMMITES Caught in a Trap). The magazine focuses on a critical analysis of Dominique Caudron's dossier concerning the UMMO affair, questioning his methods and conclusions.

Analysis of Dominique Caudron's Dossier

The article begins by characterizing Dominique Caudron as a "demystifier" who targets ufologists and scientists interested in UFOs. It suggests that Caudron's dossier, published in "Ovni-Présence," aims to shed light on the UMMO case but primarily serves to discredit ufologists, particularly in light of the media resurgence of the UMMO affair following Jean-Pierre Petit's book.

Caudron's approach is described as an "enterprise of discredit" designed to create division by exacerbating existing tensions within the ufological community. The article notes Caudron's past setbacks, such as being dismissed as a "garde-chasse" by SOBEPS during the "Belgian wave."

The UMMO Affair: A Historical Perspective

For ufologists, the UMMO case was considered a settled matter, classified as a mystification. The article asserts that no extraterrestrial exploration team landed in the mountains of La Javie in 1950, nor did any clandestine contact occur with Earthlings via phone or mail. The credibility of UMMO was significantly undermined when the alleged UFO landings in Aluche (February 1966) and San José de Valderas (June 1967) were exposed as fabrications, with doctored photos. This led to the conclusion that UMMO, which claimed responsibility for these events, had lost all credibility by the late 1970s.

The article cites Michel Dorier and Jean-Pierre Troadec's summary, noting that in 1972, meteorologist Oscar Rey Brea concluded that the San José photos were faked by Antonio Pardo. Claude Poher (GEPAN) provided proof of this in 1977, effectively ending the extraterrestrial hypothesis for the UMMO dossier.

Critiques of Caudron's Arguments

The article dissects Caudron's dossier, which covers the chronology and genesis of the UMMO affair, including annexes on contactees, UMMO physics and technology, landing sites, the IUMMA system, UMMO computing, and the expedition's events. A particular point of contention is Caudron's text that allegedly links Antonio Ribera's books with Jean-Pierre Petit's, accusing the latter of plagiarism.

A significant critique is leveled against Caudron's presentation of the dossier as a collective work while signing it under his sole name, labeling him a "scientific impostor." The article argues that Caudron's "breakthroughs" are nonexistent and that he fails to provide new information about the identity, motives, or methods of the supposed extraterrestrials.

Renaud Marhic is cited for providing a more detailed account of the manipulation orchestrated to legitimize the alleged landings in Ayuche and San José. The article highlights how the credibility of these events was crucial for the UMMO affair. Caudron's analysis of the "man of action" and "agent" is seen as a remarkable performance of creating and reinforcing a narrative.

The UMMO Identity and Motives

Caudron, like others, points to José Luis Jordan Peña as the sole suspect since 1977/80. Hypotheses about UMMO's origin include a sect, secret services (Russian or American), or a long-term hoax. Caudron dismisses the idea of a psychological experiment, suggesting instead an "intellectual scam" with dishonest financial or non-financial profit motives. The article finds these explanations vague and indicative of impotence.

Astronomical Claims and Errors

The article scrutinizes Caudron's claims regarding UMMO's astronomical knowledge. It notes that while Caudron claims to have information about the star Wolf 424 (spectral type M5.5, a red dwarf), he dismisses the possibility of a "Terre"-type planet orbiting it. The article suggests that UMMO's astronomical assertions are largely incorrect, particularly regarding the solar system, where they failed to notice planets like Uranus, Saturn, and the Moon. This ignorance is deemed suspicious, leading to the idea that UMMO might be wearing a "second mask."

Francine Fouéré is quoted as observing that UMMO's messages often contained "voluntary errors" and obscurities, prompting researchers to question the source of these "gross errors."

The article posits that impeccable documents would have quickly attracted professional investigators, thus exposing any hoax. It likens the UMMO scenario to the film "The Sting," where deception is paramount. The UMMO team, supposedly from an advanced civilization, is portrayed as having limited knowledge of our solar system, relying on hyperspace or wormhole travel. The absence of astronomers within the UMMO team is noted, with their mission focused on studying Earth and its civilizations.

The "Grille" and Allegorical Codes

The article delves into the concept of a "grille" or code within the UMMO documents, suggesting that the apparent errors are deliberate. The star Wolf 424 is discussed as a potential misdirection, with Alpha Centauri being a more plausible candidate for an allegorical representation. The article implies that the UMMO code is an "egg of Columbus" type of puzzle, with a connection suspected to other cases like the one involving Proxima Centauri and BaalKI.

Critique of "Disciples"

Caudron's attempt to label researchers like René Fouéré, Antonio Ribera, and J.P. Petit as "disciples" of UMMO is challenged. The article points out that Ribera and Fouéré were critical of the UMMO case and sought evidence of terrestrial fabrication. Caudron's insistence on the mystical atmosphere within the Madrid ufological community is also questioned, with Francine Fouéré's account suggesting a mix of mystics and skeptics.

The UMMO Narrative and its Flaws

The article highlights specific examples of alleged falsification in the UMMO documents, such as the manipulation of a map to remove mountains, which is attributed to technical reproduction issues rather than deliberate fraud. It also discusses the accusation that Petit plagiarized Ribera while simultaneously being his scientific advisor, a contradiction that Caudron uses to support his claims.

Ufophobia and the UMMO Affair

The article concludes by framing Caudron's work as an example of "ufophobia," aiming to relegate ufology to the realm of belief. Caudron's attempt to transform three researchers into disciples is seen as a strategy to extend his critique to the entire UFO phenomenon. The UMMO dossier is presented as a vehicle for a discourse that ufologists have endured for decades.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The magazine's stance is critical of Caudron's methodology and conclusions, viewing his dossier as an attempt to discredit ufology rather than a genuine investigation. The recurring themes include the UMMO affair, skepticism towards alleged extraterrestrial claims, the analysis of evidence for hoaxes and manipulations, and the critique of authors who attempt to debunk UFO phenomena. The editorial stance is one of critical inquiry, challenging unsubstantiated claims and biased presentations within the ufological field.

This document is an excerpt from "LA HULOTTE" n°15, published in October 1973, from BOULT-AUX-BOIS. It is described as a small ecological bulletin created and animated by the teacher Pierre DEOM, which has gained significant authority and is cited in scientific publications. The issue delves into various topics, including the "UMMO" affair, historical esoteric movements, scientific articles, and the study of folklore.

The UMMO Affair and the Rose-Croix

The document draws a parallel between the "UMMO" affair and the 17th-century Rose-Croix movement. It posits that the "UMMO" case, like the Rose-Croix, employed similar "rumor techniques" to create intrigue and mislead "pursuers" (ufologists). The text references Umberto Eco's novel "Le pendule de Foucault" which satirizes the Rose-Croix, detailing the appearance of "Fama Fraternitatis" in 1614 and "Confessio Fraternitatis" in 1615. These texts described the supposed "esoteric adventures" of a "Grand Voyageur" who sought to found a society guiding governments towards science and well-being. The Rose-Croix members remained anonymous, committed to healing the sick and maintaining secrecy.

The article notes the widespread interest generated by the Rose-Croix manifestos, attracting figures like Descartes, Comenius, and Robert Fludd. It mentions the "toxic cloud" reaching France in 1623, with posters in Paris announcing a Rose-Croix congress, and the subsequent political convulsions leading to the Thirty Years' War. The text highlights that European scholars sent open letters and pamphlets to the Rose-Croix, who were difficult to locate. Eventually, Johann Valentin Andreae, a teacher from Tübingen, was identified as the author of the manifestos, having allegedly orchestrated the affair as a "joke" with his students. His later work, "Les noces chimiques de Christian Rosencreutz," is seen as a veiled confession.

The UMMO phenomenon is presented as having a difference from the Rose-Croix but sharing a similar structure. While the Rose-Croix did not reveal its science, the UMMO documents did, albeit in a fragmented manner. The idea of an extraterrestrial implantation is deemed too common in contemporary science fiction to be compelling on its own. The article suggests that the UMMO affair, like the Rose-Croix, appeals to "specialists" and "initiates," with occasional "grand public" revivals, referencing Gilbert Bécaud's song "L'important, c'est la rose..."

Scientific and Media Commentary

The document includes a section titled "REGARD SUR LA PRESSE & LA TV," which critiques media coverage of UFO-related topics. It discusses an interview with J.Pierre Petit in "FEMME ACTUELLE" concerning the "40G serpent," suggesting Petit needs to update his research. The article mentions analyses of "luzerne irradiated" from a landing zone, with Bounias highlighting unique biochemical traces. The scientific interpretation is debated, with some focusing on irradiation effects while others, like GEPAN, examine physical and chemical traces. The concept of a "primary coating of carbon black" for UFOs is mentioned, contrasting with advanced materials.

J.P.P.'s opinion on the Herschel effect, which supposedly explains why P. Ferryn (SOBEPS) couldn't see objects in his photos, is discussed. The article criticizes the notion that infrared rays inhibit chemical reactions on film, making objects disappear. It also points out a humorous error in a press clipping that mistakenly identified GEPAN as the French version of the "Condom commission" created in the USA, questioning if GEPAN/SEPRA acts as a "condom" against a "socially transmissible disease" of UFO belief.

J.J. Vélasco is criticized for spreading "counter-truths" about the Trans landing site, claiming the ground was marked and heated to 600-800°C. The GEPAN technical note 16 suggests crystals could form below 600°C, indicating Vélasco's interpretation is exaggerated. The article questions Vélasco's "UFO-positive latent phase" and his call for rigorous research.

The issue also touches upon an emission from TF1's "MYSTERES" where Pr Bounias acknowledged that the effects on plants might have other explanations than UFO microwaves, such as coincidences of light, pollution, or trampling. The article suggests that the UFO explanation is chosen for its simplicity.

A cartoon satirizes media coverage, showing a TV host explaining everything and viewers seeking a "shiver" before bed, highlighting the sensationalist aspect of UFO reporting.

"OVNI en Provence" and Ufological Folklore

The magazine announces a new book, "OVNI en Provence" by Henri Julien and Michel Figuet, described as a panorama of regional UFO facts. It is presented as a valuable addition to ufological literature.

Another section, "APPROCHES UFOLOGIQUES DU FOLKLORE PAR L'ETUDE DE CONTES VOSGIENS," by E. Maillot, explores the connection between folklore and UFO phenomena. The author notes the significant folkloric heritage of the Vosges region and suggests that modern UFO accounts might resemble ancient legends. Several hypotheses are presented to explain these similarities. The article emphasizes the need for caution and modesty in interpreting these connections, requiring knowledge of history, anthropology, psychology, and philology.

The primary source for this folklore study is the Bulletins of the Société Philomatique Vosgienne (SPV), which published numerous collections of Vosges legends from 1935 to 1950. The author acknowledges that some folkloric elements might seem directly related to UFO phenomena, while others require more imagination to connect. The article defines folklore as the "knowledge (lore) of the people (folk)" and discusses its study as a discipline that emerged in the 19th century, often focusing on European traditions.

It highlights the opposition between dominant culture and marginal or sub-cultures, suggesting folklore often belongs to the latter, like the peasant class. The author stresses the importance of understanding the mechanisms of creating popular narratives – their origins, additions, and transformations – to grasp the difficulties of interpretation. The fragility of popular narratives in terms of authenticity is also emphasized.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The issue consistently explores the intersection of unexplained phenomena, historical mysteries, and popular belief. There's a critical stance towards media sensationalism regarding UFOs, while also acknowledging the enduring human fascination with the marvelous. The magazine seems to advocate for a nuanced approach to ufology, drawing parallels with historical esoteric movements and folklore to understand the phenomenon, but urging caution against simplistic conclusions. The editorial stance appears to be one of critical inquiry, seeking to connect disparate fields of knowledge to shed light on complex and often elusive subjects like UMMO and UFOs, while also appreciating the cultural and historical context of such phenomena.

This issue of "Le Monde Inexpliqué" (Volume III, Issue XII) delves into folklore, diabolism, and unexplained phenomena, with a particular focus on legends and their interpretation. The content is primarily in French, with a confidence score of 4 out of 5, indicating good legibility.

Article 1: The Origin of 19th-Century Folklore

The first section discusses the origins of folklore in the 19th century, citing the considerable success of James MacPherson's "fake Ossian" as a prime example. This collection of epic poems, purportedly from ancient manuscripts of the 12th to 16th centuries, was in reality MacPherson's own creation inspired by various mythologies. Despite the revelation of its artificiality, the fragments were admired for their perceived authenticity and primitive character. This phenomenon of fabricated folklore was replicated on a smaller scale throughout the 19th and 20th centuries. The author questions how to distinguish the original from the fabricated, emphasizing the importance of the authors' poetic, financial, or scientific interests. The ideal scenario for folklore collection is direct, accurate, and authenticated gathering from a village. The modernity of the collection itself does not invalidate a tale, but rather the modernity of the tale itself, which should have a past and be transmitted through generations. The author expresses reservations about the work of Eugène Mathis and Jean-René Claudel, and a specific note (30), but acknowledges that many specialists have constructed narratives using characteristic elements found in folklore, creating "type-tales." The text also raises the question of whether the Grimm brothers themselves contributed to the perpetuation of certain folklore.

Article 2: The Diabolical Pact: The Hermit of Hazintray

This section explores the theme of the diabolical pact, a prominent element in folklore, often involving peasants facing problems or ambitions. The devil exploits their despair, offering advantages or magic in exchange for their souls. Albert Pierrot is cited regarding the legend of the "hermit of Hazintray." According to the legend, a venerable hermit, begging for alms in Lorraine and the Vosges, stayed with a farmer in Hazintray. One stormy November night, the hermit confessed to having a pact with the devil, his "hour having come." He fled to the Cleurie stream, pursued by villagers. A large fire was seen on the stream bank, which extinguished upon the family's arrival, leaving an excavated, smoke-blackened area. This was interpreted as a sign of the hermit being sold to the devil and the fire marking a momentary opening to Hell. The hermit's corpse was later found hundreds of meters upstream, where no grass grew for nearly a century, fueling the belief that the devil had dragged him against the current.

The author categorizes diabolical manifestations into two types: "discreet" encounters where the devil appears in human form, and "spectacular" manifestations. The Hazintray legend falls into the latter category, representing the devil claiming the promised soul. The spectacular nature, including fire, is linked to the infernal element in Christian thought. The sudden extinction of the fire and the excavation are seen as logical elements of the tale, symbolizing an opening to Hell. The unusual detail of the corpse being found far upstream adds to the legend's strangeness, raising questions about its origin: a real event (difficult to verify) or a product of imagination. The author notes that if such an element is frequent in folklore, it could represent a frequent real event or stem from the collective unconscious. The physical effect on the ground, resembling UFO landing effects, is also mentioned, suggesting a potential link to ufology. The unexplained cessation of plant growth is highlighted as a key element, posing a serious problem and increasing the legend's strangeness. Pierrot also adds a mysterious note about the hermit's "shadow" serving as a scarecrow, accompanied by a faint, flickering light and lugubrious moans, possibly linked to biochemical phenomena and the fear surrounding the tomb.

The author concludes that the Hazintray narrative is astonishing due to its strange elements and seeks similar cases involving fire, disappearance, excavation, distant corpses, and cessation of plant growth.

Article 3: Divine Contact: The Death of Saint Romaric

This section shifts focus to extraordinary tales involving saints, contrasting with diabolical narratives. The story of Saint Romaric's death is presented as a series of luminous phenomena, possibly originating in the 8th century, shortly after his death. According to A. Fournier, this story reflects the persistence of sun worship in the region during the early Middle Ages. The text compares it to the death of Saint Patrick, where the sun stopped. In Romaric's case, a dense cloud covered the mountain, followed by a brilliant light emanating from the sun, illuminating the entire "Saint-Mont" and the saint's dwelling. Religious figures witnessed a "ball and round mass" of light ascending to the sky, interpreted as the saint's soul. The narrative describes the "Saint-Mont" being enveloped in a radiant light, with a "vault of light" appearing, more brilliant than the sun.

The "thick cloud" is noted as a common folklore theme, usually associated with diabolical ruses, but here interpreted as a divine manifestation. The light is described as white and blinding, symbolizing divine perfection and goodness, with the overall tone being one of wonder rather than fear. The "ball and round mass" is seen as a symbol of perfection, representing the saint's soul. The vertical upward movement of the light phenomena reinforces this interpretation. The author discusses the complexity of interpreting such descriptions, particularly the "vault of light" and its potential symbolic meaning or its evolution from the "ball and round mass" through oral tradition. The origin of such narratives is explored, considering whether they stem from the death of an important figure or a punctual, mysterious event. The influence of Celtic sun worship and the early Christianization of the Vosges region are discussed, noting the role of Irish monks in spreading Christianity.

Further accounts of luminous phenomena associated with Saint Romaric are presented, including a light observed over his tomb and a "flaming ball" descending from the sky. These later accounts are considered consequences of the primary legend. The author also mentions legends of luminous phenomena in other chapels dedicated to Archangel Saint Michael, suggesting a connection to Belen, the Gaulish sun god.

Article 4: Will-o'-the-Wisps: "Le culard des boudières"

This section introduces a poem by Jean-René Claudel, "Les veillées des Bouchaux," focusing on mysterious events in La Bresse in the late 17th century. The term "culâ," used by locals to designate will-o'-the-wisps, is analyzed. Its etymology is traced to Greek "Kelein" (to shine, to deceive) and Hebrew "Qala" (to burn), signifying a brilliant, capricious, and deceptive phosphorescence that can lead travelers astray into marshes and bogs.

The story, set in the valley of Le Bréban near the Bodère farm, describes a group of young people from Bouchaux going to a place called "loures." The narrative depicts a lively dance and revelry that continues late into the night. The elders maintain a watchful eye to ensure propriety. The poem then describes a sudden, intense light and a strange encounter. One of the "culâ" (will-o'-the-wisps) appears, described as a "beautiful marvel." Despite being struck, it rises again, causing terror and a cry of "The sky is collapsing!" One of the women confronts the phenomenon, accusing it of lacking fear of God or the Devil and demanding it seek pardon. The others express fear of the dangerous location, recalling past terrible events and noting that even the "brandon" (torch) seems to lose its light. The "culâ" eventually departs, leaving the group uneasy. The narrative then shifts to a winter scene with heavy fog, where the "culâ" emerge again, described as "large broillards." Three of them play a game, causing excitement and fear, particularly among the women. One "culâ" snatches a woman's distaff and creates a spectacle, rising again unharmed. This leads to a cry of terror, with one woman addressing the phenomenon as a "big clumsy lout!" and "Great heretic!" demanding it seek pardon to avoid retribution and vengeance. The text suggests that the "culâ" are not afraid and are perhaps amused by the humans' fear. The narrative concludes with a description of a fire that appears peaceful but becomes agitated, emitting a sharp hiss and a violent explosion at a window, directed at an aggressor.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The issue consistently explores folklore as a repository of human beliefs, fears, and interpretations of the unexplained. It examines how legends are formed, transmitted, and potentially influenced by real events, collective psychology, and even external phenomena like UFOs. The editorial stance appears to be one of critical inquiry, seeking to understand the origins and meanings behind these narratives, while acknowledging the limitations of interpretation, particularly in the realm of ufology and folklore analysis. The recurring themes include diabolism, divine manifestations, mysterious lights, and the enduring power of oral tradition in shaping our understanding of the world.

This issue, identified by the Roman numeral XIII on the first page and continuing through XXII, delves into a variety of folkloric, supernatural, and potentially ufological phenomena. The content appears to be a compilation of historical accounts, legends, and analyses that draw parallels between ancient beliefs and modern unexplained events.

Section IV: Démons du ciel: Les dragons ailés d'Attigny

This section introduces the concept of 'winged dragons of Attigny' as spectacular manifestations, comparable to the Devil's auxiliaries during a Sabbat. These are described as hideous monsters that terrified peasants in certain privileged areas. A. PIERROT recounts events mentioned in older works on the history of Attigny-en-Vosges. The text focuses on the Saône valley, specifically mentioning the grotte de Patay, described as a 'mouth to Hell.' It details how demons, in the form of winged dragons, arrived in a mysterious valley, their path illuminated by fiery lights. The description includes details of their appearance, such as hideous figures, flaming eyes, and menacing mouths with sharp claws. Other malevolent spirits, like blueish flames, are also mentioned as tormenting travelers.

The narrative then connects these descriptions to modern UFO observations, noting the recurring theme of fear and paralysis experienced by witnesses. The text questions whether these reactions are solely due to fear or if there's an external origin, a question that arises in many modern UFO accounts.

Section V: Le souffre, élément diabolique

This section explores the recurring presence of sulfur in demonic manifestations, linking it to UFO phenomena. The Devil's departure is often associated with an odor of sulfur. The text highlights the 'spectacular and ultimate manifestation of the Devil coming to claim a promised soul,' citing an example of a lord being abducted by the Devil's squire, leaving a trail of burning sulfur. Sulfur is explained as the active principle of alchemy, representing fire and the masculine generative principle. It is also linked to Christian traditions, such as the destruction of Sodom by a rain of sulfur, and is described as an 'anti-light' in the Bible, explaining the Devil's dual nature as a prince of darkness and a being of light.

A story from A. PIERROT, 'the Devil's field,' recounts a soldier who summons the Devil for help with a task but cannot dismiss him. The Devil attempts to claim the soldier's soul, but a priest intervenes with an exorcism, causing the Devil to flee, leaving behind the smell of sulfur and dragging a cow into a precipice.

Section VI: Vols et chutes de sorciers

This section discusses the blurred lines between ufology and other paranormal studies, focusing on phenomena like the flight of witches and 'man-fall' events. It notes that the analysis of mysterious phenomena requires considering all hypotheses. The text cites religious figures like Saint Ambrose and Saint Augustine who acknowledged the reality of witches' flights. It describes how witches would descend from the sky and sometimes get caught in trees or on roofs, leading to beliefs about 'rains of men.'

An anecdote about a young musician who made a pact with the Devil and was transported to a Sabbat is recounted. The musician experiences a mysterious flight, feeling the presence of Satan, and is overwhelmed by strange sounds and lights. The author concludes that aerial activity was highly developed in that era and suggests possible connections to 'fortean' phenomena, alien abductions, and unexplained spatial or temporal displacements.

Section VII: Dame Blanche

This section examines the 'Dame Blanche' (White Lady) phenomenon, common in folklore across various regions. These figures are described as luminous, white, cold, and distant female beings, often encountered in isolated and dark places. The text presents a poem titled 'La femme blanche de la Vert'-Bruche,' which recounts an encounter with such a figure. The poem describes a mysterious white woman seen by two men, who appears unresponsive and strangely rigid. The men try to interact with her, but she remains impassive. The poem concludes with the woman disappearing, leaving the men stunned and rooted to the spot.

The author notes that many cases of strange entity observations, even without a visible 'craft,' have been incorporated into ufology. While acknowledging the abundance of 'Dame Blanche' accounts, the text suggests their characteristics are well-known.

Section VIII: Phénomènes naturels extraordinaires

This final section explores extraordinary natural phenomena, suggesting that some described in folklore can be identified without ambiguity. A. FOURNIER is mentioned for his account of a 'three suns' phenomenon near Saint-Mont and Remiremont, linking it to the persistence of sun worship. M. FRIRY recounts an event on Trinity Day where inhabitants of Remiremont go to a mountain to witness the 'extraordinary rising of three suns,' emphasizing that being in a state of grace is necessary to see it. This phenomenon is also associated with Saint John's Day and the summer solstice.

The text then references Descartes' intention to explain various luminous phenomena, including tempests, atmospheric fires, rainbows, and unusual lights in the sky, such as multiple suns or moons.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The recurring themes in this issue are the exploration of folklore, demonic entities, supernatural occurrences, and their potential connections to modern ufological phenomena. The editorial stance appears to be one of open inquiry, presenting historical accounts and legends and drawing parallels to contemporary unexplained events, particularly UFO sightings. There is a consistent effort to bridge the gap between ancient beliefs and modern interpretations of the unexplained, suggesting that many phenomena, though described differently, share underlying characteristics.

This issue of Phenomena magazine, dated February 1993, is titled "XXIII" and focuses on the intersection of folklore, mythology, and ufology. It features a cover story on the 'Grey Alien' hypothesis and includes numerous notes and references to various folkloric traditions, particularly from the Vosges region of France.

Articles and Content

Notes Section

The "NOTES" section (pages XXIII-XXIX) comprises a series of numbered references and brief explanations, often citing historical documents, folkloric studies, and previous issues of the magazine itself (BSPV, La Ligne Bleue Survolée).

• Note 1: Introduces P. Saint-Yves, a professor of anthropology and president of folklore societies.
• Note 2: Mentions an investigation in December 1933 covering thirty departments, yielding material for a publication on prehistoric folklore in France.
• Note 3: Identifies Auguste Pierrot, elected President of the SPV in 1935.
• Note 4: Refers to a 1702-1703 decree by Duke Leopold repressing the vagrancy of hermits.
• Note 5: Cites A. Pierrot's work on 'Le Diable' and X. Thiriât's 'La Vallée de Cleurie'.
• Note 6: Recounts a legend from Toul about an encounter between the Devil and Saint Michel at 'La Côte Saint Michel', where the Devil was outsmarted and fled to hell. It also references a section on the 'diabolical' nature of sulfur.
• Note 7: Points to a chapter on 'Feux follets: le culard des boudières'.
• Note 8 & 9: Cite S. Valdenaire's 'Registre des Choses mémorables de l'Eglise Saint-Pierre de Romaremont' and Dom Ignace Philibert's 'Sommaire de l'Histoire de la Sainte Colombe bénédictine'.
• Note 10: Mentions A. Fournier's work on the pagan origins of the Remiremont monastery.
• Note 11: Discusses the legend of monk Déodat founding Saint-Dié, with a Devil-induced mist.
• Note 12: Notes the detailed description of the 'ambiance' and psychological state of a witness.
• Note 13: Connects the Epiphany feast with pagan sun worship and the sun's ascending march.
• Note 14: Refers to a chapel.
• Note 15: Cites A. Fournier on rites practiced during the Middle Ages and Modern Times, including the lighting of fiery wheels from hilltops, linked to sun worship.
• Note 16: Quotes J.R. Claudel on the popular imagination portraying the Devil as a malevolent spirit, especially after witnessing striking phenomena.
• Note 17 & 18: Define 'veillée' and 'cachette'.
• Note 19: Defines 'Fuite' (flight).
• Note 20: Cites J.R. Claudel's 'Légendes populaires' on 'Le culard des boudières'.
• Note 21: States 'Written in 1939'.
• Note 22: Cites A. Pierrot and Charton on the history of Attigny.
• Note 23: Refers to Chapter III of the article.
• Note 24: Cites A. Pierrot's work on 'Le Diable'.
• Note 25: Explains a possible reason for the cessation of plant growth mentioned in an article about 'l'ermite de Hazintray'.
• Note 26: Cites 'Dictionnaire des symboles' by Chevalier and Gheerbrant.
• Note 27: Identifies the Forêt de Fossard as the location of 'l'ermite d'Hazintray'.
• Note 28: Mentions the common folklore theme of the Devil attacking livestock, citing an episode of a launched cow.
• Note 29: Cites A. Pierrot on 'Le Diable'.
• Note 30: Recounts the legend of 'Hans le tambour et la belle Katel', where Hans makes a pact with the Devil for Katel's kiss, receiving magic drumsticks and signing in blood. The description of the Devil's attire is noted as similar to that of an 'ufonaut'.
• Note 31: Discusses the history of the Bishop of Toul and the Duke of Lorraine's pursuit of Mathieu, who allegedly made a pact with the Devil, gaining incredible speed. The text mentions an 'acrid smell of burning' associated with this chase.
• Note 32: Locates a place west of Wissembourg.
• Note 33: Cites A. Pierrot on 'Le Diable'.
• Note 34: Refers to comments in Chapter I of the article.
• Note 35: Locates Houécourt.
• Note 36: Cites Edouard Rey on witchcraft in Lorraine and the Vosges.
• Note 37: Cites A. Pierrot on 'Le Diable'.
• Note 38: Discusses the Devil's attire, typically black, and his elegant appearance, often with a cloak to conceal cloven feet.
• Note 39: Cites A. Pierrot.
• Note 40: Cites J.R. Claudel on 'Légendes populaires'.
• Note 41: Explains 'Gossa' as a phantom-like face seen in the moon in the Vosges, with Irish equivalents.
• Note 42: Refers to the description of a witch according to mountain traditions.
• Note 43: Mentions 'Irâné', wandering ghosts, and their connection to a section of La Bresse.
• Note 44: Cites Jean René Claudel on popular legends.
• Note 45: Refers to Chapter II of the article, 'La mort de Saint Romaric'.
• Note 46: Cites Charles Friry's research on the origins and antiquities of Remiremont.
• Note 47: Discusses the 'Croix Notre Dame' and its location near Remiremont, referencing A. Fournier.
• Note 48: Cites A. Fournier.
• Note 49: Discusses Descartes' 'Les Météores', specifically the eighth discourse, on creating optical illusions of celestial phenomena like rainbows and colored circles using fountains and various liquids. The text notes that this could be used to create 'signs in the sky' that might be mistaken for prodigies.

Descartes Section

This section features an illustration and text from René Descartes' 'Discours huitième' (Eighth Discourse) from 'Les Météores' (1636). It explains how optical illusions, using fountains and different liquids, can create artificial celestial phenomena such as colored arcs, crosses, or columns, which could inspire admiration and be mistaken for divine signs. The text suggests that such artifice, if skillfully executed, could be seen from afar without revealing the trick.

Conclusion Section

The 'Pour conclure...' section (page XVIII) discusses two hypotheses for the persistence of folklore: cultural survival and individual imagination. It posits that folklore is maintained through continuous creation and adaptation by individuals, with themes and resemblances explained by the power of collective and individual imagination, and the role of symbols. The text references the theories of Freud (dissimulation of repressed desires) and Carl Gustav Jung (archetypes, metaphysical questioning). It suggests that understanding these symbols is key to explaining recurring themes in geographically distant tales.

The section then proposes a methodology for studying UFO phenomena through the lens of folklore. It emphasizes looking for narratives that resemble modern UFO accounts, considering the symbolic nature of folklore, and the potential for real events to become imbued with symbolic imagery over time. The importance of the authenticity of the narrative, the frequency of elements within folklore, and the emotional impact on witnesses are highlighted.

Two main approaches are presented:
1. OVNI au Folklore: Searching for past traces of mysterious events analogous to UFO phenomena, viewing folklore as a potential source of such accounts.
2. Du Folklore aux OVNI: Examining UFO phenomena as a contemporary folklore, suggesting that the current understanding of UFOs might be a modern manifestation of older mythical themes.

The text concludes by noting the difficulties in this approach, particularly the risk of denying the objectivity of the UFO phenomenon itself. It argues that the arguments for this hypothesis are not found in folklore but in the nature of the phenomenon itself.

Finally, the section presents a definition of crop circles from Collin de Plancy's 'Dictionnaire infernal', describing them as circles made by sorcerers or fairies during their dances, sometimes appearing after storms, and often viewed with fear.

Comic Strip

A comic strip on page 9 presents the 'horrible hypothesis' of J. Lear (USA) regarding 'Grey ETs' visiting Earth. It depicts them needing fresh meat (including humans) for regeneration, leading to cattle mutilations and abductions. It also shows them placing control implants in abductees and working with the US military and governments. The comic poses the question of whether humans will escape this situation.

Right of Reply Section

On page 10, Eric Maillot addresses a critique published in the magazine 'PHENOMENA' (issue 15). The editorial note clarifies that while Maillot's articles were critiqued, he is not solely responsible for the content of issue 27 of 'La Ligne Bleue Survolée'. The magazine emphasizes its commitment to pluralism and equitable publication. Maillot's 'right of reply' addresses points raised in the critique, including accusations of providing insufficient information on cases like Ubatuba, Trans-en-Provence, Valensole, Vallenoncelle & Delphos, and the 'Dr X' case, defending his research and citing sources.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The magazine consistently explores the connections between historical folklore, legends (particularly those involving the Devil), and modern phenomena such as UFOs and crop circles. There is a clear interest in interpreting these phenomena through symbolic and psychological lenses, drawing on theories of collective unconscious and archetypes. The editorial stance appears to be open to exploring various hypotheses, including the possibility that UFO sightings are a modern form of folklore, while also acknowledging the need for critical analysis and empirical evidence. The inclusion of a 'Right of Reply' section indicates a commitment to open discourse and addressing reader feedback or criticisms.

This document is a scanned page from a French magazine titled "PHENOMENA", issue number 27. It contains a detailed letter or response, signed "EMT", which appears to be a rebuttal to critiques or articles published within the magazine itself. The content is primarily text-based, with accompanying topographical maps that seem to relate to specific investigations discussed.

Detailed Content Analysis

The letter from EMT addresses several points, numbered 4 through 10, directly engaging with the magazine's editorial content and potentially other contributors. EMT asserts his availability for information and precise criticism, suggesting that a "masked detractor" from PHENOMENA has not requested further details, implying a lack of genuine investigative interest.

EMT strongly refutes a critique that omits his extensive investigation into "three hopping saucers" (presented in the same issue, N° 27). He accuses the critic of deliberately trying to make it seem as though only they verify and conduct investigations, while implying he is incapable of doing so. EMT states this is "false" and calls it a "sad mentality."

He addresses an accusation of having a "preferred explanation" (the moon), which he claims is a "low blow" intended to portray him as an "obsessive crank" by suggesting he explains all cases by misidentification with the moon. EMT states his database contains many other types of misidentifications and that this rumor is "devastating."

EMT then explains the perceived "tacit complicity" of the magazine's reviewers or editorial board with "PRO-UFO" figures. He argues that the magazine's revenue, conferences, and readership depend on these figures. He suggests that criticizing them would risk losing readership and thus "benefits," calling this "ufology of investigation" a "funny example of journalistic independence and objectivity."

Regarding specific cases, EMT questions whether the explanation for "decoys" offered by the magazine clearly explains UFO observations published on October 3, 1991, in Dordogne, or if it only accounts for weather radar images. He also critiques an investigation in Nort-sur-Erdre, suggesting that R. Marhic did not prove the child did not see a UFO, nor explain what was seen, but only that the child likely "defrauded for the noise."

EMT defends his own critique of J. Vallée's extensive work (over 300 pages), acknowledging that his own critique was "approximate" due to its brevity (5 pages). However, he accuses the magazine's critique of his work of adding "real superficiality" (focusing on form and person rather than argumentation validity) and "bad faith" (omitting or forgetting points that contradict their premise).

Finally, EMT expresses that it is not with pleasure that he requests the publication of his response, but thanks the magazine for the courage to assume the consequences of their public declarations.

The accompanying images are topographical maps of the region around Monthermé and Fumay in France, with specific areas highlighted. One map includes a "COMPLEMENT D'ENQUÊTE" (Investigation Supplement) referencing two IGN map extracts presented at the end of this issue (N° 28), which relate to an investigation by Eric Maillot titled "Trois soucoupes jouent à saute-mouton" (Three saucers playing leapfrog), previously featured in issue N° 27. This directly links the letter's content to the magazine's ongoing coverage of ufological investigations.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The recurring themes are ufological investigation, the critique of evidence and methodology, and the perceived biases within the ufology community and its media outlets. EMT's letter strongly suggests an editorial stance by PHENOMENA magazine that is either biased towards certain established ufologists or prioritizes its own commercial interests over rigorous, independent investigation. EMT advocates for a more critical and objective approach to analyzing UFO cases, emphasizing the importance of examining arguments and facts rather than focusing on the person or the form of the argument. The magazine's coverage appears to be part of a broader discussion on the credibility and practices within the field of ufology.