LDLN - No 169

Magazine Overview

Title: LUMIERES DANS LA NUIT

Issue: N° 169

Volume: 20e Année

Date: Novembre 1977

Price: 5,50 F

Publisher: GROUPEMENT INTERNATIONAL DE RECHERCHES

Country: France

Language: French

Cover Headline: MYSTERIEUX OBJETS CELESTES ET PROBLEMES CONNEXES

Cover Description: The cover features a black and white photograph of a rural landscape with a dark, silhouetted structure in the middle ground, and the magazine title 'LUMIÈRES DANS LA NUIT' prominently displayed above it.

Table of Contents and Key Articles

This issue of *Lumières dans la Nuit* presents a diverse range of topics related to UFO phenomena, investigations, and research methodologies.

"Coïncidence... Coïncidence... ... Et s'il n'y avait pas de coïncidence?" by Ch. Fort

This article, authored by Ch. Fort and introduced by Dominique Caudron, explores the concept of 'coincidence' in relation to UFO sightings and other strange phenomena. It examines historical accounts and modern reports, questioning whether apparent coincidences are merely chance occurrences or indicative of a deeper, underlying pattern. The author presents two primary examples: the 'green children' phenomenon and the case of children found in a Spanish field, drawing parallels between historical and more recent accounts.

• Example 1: The legend of the 'green children' from the time of King Stephen (1135-1154) who emerged from a land without sun, speaking an unknown language. This is compared to a 1887 incident near Banjos, Spain, where two green-skinned children speaking an unknown language were discovered.
• Example 2: The article highlights instances where seemingly identical phenomena occurred on the same day in different locations, such as a boat accident in New Hampshire and a play depicting a similar event in Madrid on May 8, 1972. Another example involves a family in New York experiencing multiple minor accidents on October 12, 1963. A more direct UFO-related case from Lewarde, France, on October 22, 1954, describes a miner encountering a hairy humanoid, followed by another witness seeing UFO occupants speaking a Chinese-like language, with both witnesses sharing the name Casimir and being of Polish origin.

The author suggests that such 'coincidences' are statistically improbable and warrant further investigation beyond mere chance. The article also touches upon the work of Jacques Vallée and the concept of 'absurdity' in interpreting these events, advocating for a broader search for correlations.

"La Recherche d'Archives" by Dominique Caudron

This section emphasizes the critical role of archival research in UFO studies. The author argues that existing catalogs of UFO cases are often incomplete and contain errors, particularly regarding dates. Archival research is presented as a method to:

• Correct false information in existing databases.
• Discover previously unknown cases that may warrant re-investigation.
• Identify past 'waves' of sightings, providing a better understanding of their frequency and distribution.
• Uncover very old cases to study potential evolution of the phenomenon.
• Document bizarre phenomena that may not initially seem related to UFOs but could later be found to have connections.

The author outlines who can conduct this research (anyone), where to look (Departmental Archives, Municipal Libraries, newspaper offices), and what to search for (newspapers, regional and local publications, magazines, old chronicles, historical texts, books on demonology, and even humorous articles or advertisements related to UFOs to gauge public perception).

"Il reste un doute...?" by J. M. Bigorne and D. Caudron

This article critically examines a statistical study on UFO observations published by Gérard Marchais in a previous issue. The authors raise several points:

• Sampling Issues: They question the representativeness of the sample of known UFO cases, suggesting that many observations may go unreported or unrecorded.
• Mathematical Inaccuracies: The authors point out mathematical errors in Marchais's calculations, particularly in how percentages were used as absolute numbers.
• Statistical Validity: They argue that while a small percentage of known cases might seem statistically significant, the absolute number of cases is crucial for valid statistical analysis. They compare this to opinion polls, noting that the required sample size depends on the variability of the phenomenon.
• Ufological Aspect: The article critiques the assumption that UFO data is representative. Unlike opinion polls where population demographics are known, the 'proportions' of UFO phenomena (types, behaviors, etc.) are precisely what researchers are trying to determine. They propose an empirical criterion for representativeness: when adding new observations no longer significantly alters the proportions of different modalities of the phenomenon.
• Investigator Bias: The authors challenge the study's categorization of investigators as simply 'active' or 'inactive,' suggesting that competence, motivation, and even 'luck' play a role. They also question the idea that only sensational cases are published, arguing that a balance is needed to avoid overwhelming readers with mundane reports.

"du HASARD... et de SON bon USAGE." by Jacques Scornaux

This piece delves into the concept of chance and probability, particularly in the context of UFO phenomena. The author discusses:

• Probability vs. Frequency: Differentiating between theoretical probability and observed frequency.
• The 'Sorites' Paradox: Illustrating the difficulty in defining precise thresholds for phenomena like 'a pile of sand,' which relates to defining when a probability becomes significant enough to dismiss chance.
• Statistical Miracles: Examining the extreme improbability of certain events occurring by chance, such as a monkey typing Shakespeare, and the concept of 'statistical miracles.'

• Limitations of Chance: The author argues that for extraordinary or seemingly absurd phenomena, the hypothesis of chance should not be the default explanation, especially when known phenomena have much lower probabilities. The article suggests that while chance plays a role, it might not be the sole explanation for all observed events.
• Hypotheses Formulation: Discussing different types of hypotheses: 'disguised explanations' (simplistic), 'conversation hypotheses' (stimulating thought), and 'working hypotheses' (basis for research).

"Nos Activités"

This section outlines the operational activities of the *Lumières dans la Nuit* group:

• ENQUETES (Investigations): Invites subscribers over 18 to become investigators, providing an official ID card and guide. This work is voluntary.
• RESUFO (Sky Photographers Network): Encourages individuals to submit photos of aerial phenomena, with specific addresses for Paris and the south of France. Details required include location, date, time, altitude, azimuth, camera settings, and emulsion type.
• GROUPEMENT TECHNIQUE DE RECHERCHE (G.T.R.): Details the structure and activities of the technical research group, including detector calls, electronic research, geographical/geological studies, and a national detection network. Interested individuals are asked to contact M. Tougeron Paul.
• Archives: Mentions the need for participants to help establish a database (FIDUFO) and process information, including secretarial work, translations, and data entry. It also highlights the ongoing work of researching archives, with Mme Gueudelot coordinating this effort.
• Carte de France Métropolitaine des Lieux d'Observation du Phénomène OVNI au cours de l'Année 1954: Announces the availability of a map detailing UFO observation locations in France for 1954, compiled from recent information and intended as a tribute and encouragement to researchers.

"L'histoire de LA PATROUILLE CHILIENNE ET DE SON CAPORAL" (The story of the Chilean Patrol and its Corporal)

This article recounts a remarkable incident that occurred on April 25, 1977, in Pudre, Chile. A patrol of seven men and a corporal on horseback encountered a UFO. The object emitted a violet light with intense red points at its extremities. The corporal, Valdés, approached the UFO and disappeared for approximately 15 minutes. Upon his return, he appeared to have aged significantly, with a beard that had grown considerably, and his watch had advanced five days, showing April 30th instead of April 25th. The soldiers reported that the UFO's light was mesmerizing and seemed to exert a strange influence, paralyzing their horses and causing them to feel an urge to approach it. The corporal reported hearing a voice or feeling a mysterious call. The article includes transcribed interviews with the soldiers and the corporal, as well as a narrative from a local primary school teacher, Pedro Aradena. The incident is presented as a serious event, with official confirmation from the Governor of the province and the Commander-in-Chief of the Army, who reportedly authorized the publication of the case.

"SECONDE OBSERVATION d'un O.V.N.I. à ELMWOOD (U.S.A.)" by Tom Lawin

This report details a second sighting of a UFO by police officer George Wheeler in Elmwood, USA. Wheeler, initially a skeptic, had previously seen a UFO and now believes these craft are not harmless. The incident occurred around 11 PM on April 22nd, when Wheeler reported seeing a fire near a quarry. Upon investigation, he observed a UFO, described as a bright orange, flamboyant light. He reported it over his police radio before losing consciousness. His wife, alerted by the radio transmission, contacted the hospital where her husband was being treated. The article includes testimony from Gene Helmer, the police chief, who interviewed Wheeler, and Paul Frederickson, a local resident who also witnessed a similar object on a previous occasion in October. Frederickson described the object as round, orange, and brilliant, which then took on a crescent shape and later revealed a circular, dark grey, disk-like underside.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The magazine consistently emphasizes the importance of rigorous investigation, critical analysis, and the collection of detailed evidence in the study of UFO phenomena. There is a clear stance against dismissing reports outright, while also cautioning against uncritical acceptance. The editorial philosophy appears to be one of open-minded inquiry, encouraging readers to contribute their own observations and research. The publication aims to present a wide array of cases and perspectives, fostering a community of researchers dedicated to uncovering the truth behind mysterious aerial phenomena. The recurring theme of 'coincidence' versus 'pattern' suggests a deep dive into the statistical and philosophical aspects of UFO sightings, challenging conventional explanations and encouraging deeper investigation into potential underlying causes. The emphasis on archival research highlights a commitment to historical context and the meticulous reconstruction of past events.

This issue of "Lumières dans la Nuit" (Lights in the Night), dated the 4th quarter of 1977, is published by R. VEILLITH and features a cover headline about "CES OVNI QUI ANNONCENT LE SURHOMME" (These UFOs Announcing the Superhuman) by Pierre VIEROUDY. The magazine delves into numerous UFO sightings and investigations from France and around the world, offering detailed witness testimonies, analysis of physical evidence, and discussions on the psychological aspects of these encounters.

Key Articles and Investigations

The Briançon UFO Photograph

The issue includes an in-depth analysis of a UFO photograph taken near Briançon, France, by Jean-Pierre FAURE-BRAC. Investigator E. BUSCA examines the photograph, noting the witness's description of a luminous yellow-orange object with a white-yellow halo. Busca expresses skepticism, suggesting the object might be a streetlamp and that the witness's account lacks sufficient detail and emotional impact. He also questions the witness's brother's involvement and the consistency of the observation over several days. The analysis highlights the challenges of authenticating UFO photographs due to potential misidentifications, confusions, and deliberate fakes.

Case Study: Locminé, Morbihan

An investigation by M. Frédéric CREISMAS and digest by M. Jean-Louis BROCHARD details an observation near Locminé on October 19, 1976. The Lorgeoux family reported seeing an elliptical, luminous yellow object moving parallel to their car. The object was later described as a dark, solid disc with two projectors. The report includes a geological study of the site and notes the witnesses' fear but lack of physical after-effects. The investigation also mentions local skepticism and attempts to explain the phenomenon as an incinerator flame.

Case Study: Les Rouvières, Var

Investigator H. JULIEN reports on an observation by Eric Gilet and his friends near Les Rouvières in the Var region during July-August 1975. Gilet, a medical student, described a luminous orange object with erratic movements, which later appeared as a large, blinding white sphere ascending vertically. The report includes details about the karst terrain and the witnesses' intense fear following the encounter.

Case Study: Aulnoye-Aymeries, Nord

Investigator M. BIGORNE reports on an observation by M. Bartelleau on June 24, 1975. Bartelleau saw a vertical cigar-shaped object emitting a strong orange glow and red pulses, which moved away at high speed. The object was estimated to be 3.50m high and 1m wide. The witness also noted other, smaller lights that appeared after the main object disappeared.

Historical Case: Marle-sur-Serre, Aisne (1938)

This section details an observation from 1938 by M. Azame and his father, who saw a blue-green, luminescent fuselage-like object without wings or empennage moving at high speed near Marle-sur-Serre. The object was described as having apparent portholes and approached within 40 meters.

Other Sightings and Reports

The magazine includes a collection of "nouvelles récentes" (recent news) from various locations, detailing numerous UFO sightings:

• USA: A case from Winter Sawyer County Gazette (June 3, 1976) involving a blueish craft and a larger red craft.
• France: Sightings in Peseux (Jura) on August 14-15, 1977, described as spherical and luminous; a report from Saullieres (Ile et Vilaine) on August 16, 1977, of a red fuse-shaped object transforming into a sphere and exploding; a sighting in Arcachon (Gironde) on August 22-23, 1977, of an orange glow; a sighting in Val Joly (Nord) on August 28, 1977, of a large red object; and a report from near Avellero, Italy, on September 1, 1977, of an object with a halo and a tall figure descending.
• Italy: Sightings in Novares (Italy) on September 16, 1977, of objects emitting red, blue, green, and yellow lights.
• Spain: A report from the region of Pusilibro, Province of Huasca, describing a round object emitting green and red lights observed daily.
• Other International Reports: Sightings in N'Djameina (Chad) on September 7-8, 1977, described as nebulous and accompanied by detonations and flashes; a sighting in St. Germain (Yvelines) on September 11, 1977, of an orange glow; a report from Corozal (Puerto Rico) on September 19, 1977, of a small man descending from a green flame-like object; a sighting in Migennes (Yonne) from early September 1977 of a luminous cube-like object; and a report from Petrozadovsk (URSS) on September 21, 1977, of an immense star-like object emitting light beams.

Book Review: "CES OVNI QUI ANNONCENT LE SURHOMME"

This section reviews Pierre VIEROUDY's book, highlighting its scientific approach to analyzing UFO light emissions and its exploration of the psychological aspects of witness testimonies. The reviewer praises the book for its original research and its contribution to ufology, suggesting it goes beyond mere factual accounts to explore deeper questions about the phenomenon and its potential connection to parapsychology.

Editorial and Correspondence

Dr. A. KRANTZ, a neuro-psychiatrist, writes in response to an article about Carl Jung, questioning the material existence of archetypes and emphasizing the importance of distinguishing between reality and imagination in mental health. The editor provides a reflection on Krantz's letter, discussing the dual nature of reality and the potential for subjective experiences to manifest objectively, drawing parallels with phenomena like light and Jean-Pierre Girard's experiments.

Activity Report: Pyrénées-Orientales

This section details the activities of the "Lumières dans la Nuit" regional delegation for the Pyrénées-Orientales, including investigations, public conferences, and the publication of articles.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The magazine consistently emphasizes the importance of rigorous investigation, witness testimony, and the collection of physical evidence. There is a clear effort to present diverse viewpoints and to encourage open discussion, as stated in the editorial note: "Our readers know that sometimes very different points of view are published in LDLN; this is our guiding principle since the creation of our magazine, and we intend to maintain this openness. This, of course, applies to everything constructive and not polemical."

The editorial stance appears to be one of open-minded inquiry, acknowledging the complexity and often contradictory nature of UFO reports. While presenting numerous cases, the magazine also includes critical analyses and skeptical viewpoints, particularly concerning photographic evidence and witness accounts. The recurring theme is the persistent mystery of UFOs and the ongoing search for explanations, whether scientific, psychological, or potentially beyond current understanding. The publication also highlights the growing interest and involvement of younger generations in ufological research.