La Nave de los Locos - No 26-27

Magazine Overview

Title: LA NAVE DE LOS LOCOS
Issue: No. 26/27
Volume: Año 5
Date: Marzo 2004
Publisher: La Nave de los Locos
Country: Chile
Language: Spanish

This issue of "La Nave de los Locos" is a double issue, marking an anniversary and coinciding with the launch of their new domain, lanavedeloslocos.cl. The magazine aims to elevate its presence beyond virtual mendicancy and provide a more stable platform for its content. This edition features the third and final part of a dossier on "Clásicos de la Ufología" (Classics of Ufology), revisiting well-known cases like Rendlesham and Arnold with new perspectives.

Editorial

The editorial highlights the magazine's transition to a dedicated domain, signifying a move to "major leagues" after years of relying on less stable virtual platforms. This new domain is expected to validate the magazine's name and offer benefits previously unavailable. The double issue celebrates an anniversary and presents the final installment of a dossier on classic ufology cases, including renewed looks at the Rendlesham and Arnold incidents. It also introduces the first part of an investigation by Luis Ruiz Noguez on the Trinidad Island case and includes the penultimate chapter of Milton Hourcade's book "Elementos de ovnilogía" (Elements of Ufology).

Beyond these main features, the issue includes articles on tarot readers, "metallic spheres" discussed by Swedish colleagues from AFU, Kentaro Mori's work on "nuclear UFOs," and a continuation of a debate between Alejandro Agostinelli and Roberto Banchs. It also reviews humanity's achievements through ufology, features an interview with Milton Hourcade, and reviews the Spanish film "Platillos volantes" (Flying Saucers), which is based on the tragic story of two suicides in Spain who aimed to reunite with extraterrestrials. The editorial concludes by celebrating "four years of La Nave!"

Table of Contents

The "SUMARIO" (Table of Contents) lists the following articles:

• Caso Bentwaters: Algunas novedades (Bentwaters Case: Some News) by Jenny Randles (pages 04-10)
• El "óleo negro" de los "Expedientes secretos X" y el bathybius haeckelii (The "black oil" of "The X-Files" and bathybius haeckelii) by Kentaro Mori (page 68)
• EI OVNI de la Isla de Trinidad (The UFO of Trinidad Island) by Luis Ruiz Noguez (page 13)
• ¿Qué ha logrado la ufología? (What has ufology achieved?) by Larry Robinson (page 70)
• El affaire Kenneth Arnold (The Kenneth Arnold Affair) by Pierre Lagrange (page 32)
• Séptimas Jornadas Ufológicas de AION en Viña del Mar (Seventh Ufology Conference of AION in Viña del Mar) by Marcos González / Rodrigo Jofré (page 72)
• ELEMENTOS DE OVNILOGÍA (Elements of Ufology) by Milton Hourcade (page 44)
• Los OVNIS de vórtice (Vortex UFOs) by Kentaro Mori (page 74)
• Milton Hourcade: "Los OVNIS son uno de los más geniales inventos del siglo XX" (Milton Hourcade: "UFOs are one of the greatest inventions of the 20th century") by Diego Zúñiga (page 51)
• Familia chilena vio horrible monstruo: "Era algo sobrenatural" (Chilean family saw a horrible monster: "It was something supernatural") by Diego Zúñiga (page 78)
• Del mono, icarajo! (From the monkey, damn it!) by Sergio Sánchez (page 54)
• Libros: El mandril de Madame Blavatsky (Books: Madame Blavatsky's Mandrill) by Sergio Sánchez (page 79)
• Esferas metálicas (Metallic Spheres) by Anders Liljegren / Clas Svahn (page 56)
• Recibimos: Cons-ciências / Neo-Skepsis (We Receive: Cons-ciências / Neo-Skepsis) by Diego Zúñiga (page 82)
• El futuro está en sus... bolsillos (The future is in your... pockets) by Diego Zúñiga (page 63)
• "Platillos volantes": La historia de dos suicidas españoles ("Flying Saucers": The story of two Spanish suicides) by Luis González Manso (page 84)
• ¿Cucarachas? ¡Qué bichos feos esos! (Cockroaches? What ugly bugs!) by Alejandro Agostinelli (page 66)

Dossier: Clásicos de la Ufología - Caso Bentwaters: Algunas Novedades

This extensive article by Jenny Randles (England) revisits the famous 1980 Rendlesham Forest incident. Randles, who has dedicated significant time to this case, notes that while the incident is globally recognized, new information has emerged. She recounts her initial involvement in 1981 and the early media coverage, including the "News of the World" exposé.

Randles discusses her previous books on the case, "Sky Crash" (1984), "From Out of the Blue" (1991), and "UFO Crash Landing?" (1997). She highlights the challenges of piecing together the truth due to conflicting accounts and the influence of sensationalism. The article delves into the details of the first night of the incident, focusing on the testimonies of USAF personnel like John Burroughs and Jim Penniston. A key point of contention is the role of Colonel Charles Halt, the base commander, and his official memorandum.

Randles addresses the skepticism surrounding the case, particularly the explanation involving a lighthouse and meteors. She contrasts the initial witness accounts with later interpretations, especially those proposed by investigator James Easton. Easton's recent reevaluation suggests the case has "disintegrated," attributing the phenomena to mundane explanations like the lighthouse and helicopter searchlights. Randles, however, remains unconvinced, emphasizing the anomalous aspects such as the electrostatic field experienced by witnesses and the physical evidence like the hole in the treetops.

The article meticulously analyzes the discrepancies between verbal testimonies and original written statements, particularly concerning the presence of witness Cabanasag during the close encounter and a second, less-reported incident involving a "beacon light" that was eventually identified as the lighthouse. Randles argues that these discrepancies, especially the omission of the second encounter and the lighthouse identification, are deeply disturbing and cast doubt on the reliability of later accounts by Burroughs and Penniston.

Randles concludes that while the Rendlesham case may not be as dramatic as some believe, it remains significant. She prioritizes the events of the first night, finding the second night's phenomena more easily explainable, though still intriguing. She acknowledges that perceptual errors might have played a role but maintains that the core elements of the case, particularly the electrical effects and the physical evidence, cannot be easily dismissed.

Other Articles and Features

• El "óleo negro" de los "Expedientes secretos X" y el bathybius haeckelii: This article by Kentaro Mori likely explores a connection between the popular TV show "The X-Files" and a biological organism, possibly suggesting a ufological interpretation or parallel.
• EI OVNI de la Isla de Trinidad: Luis Ruiz Noguez presents the first part of his investigation into a case from Trinidad Island, Brazil, suggesting it is a significant event worthy of detailed study.
• ¿Qué ha logrado la ufología?: Larry Robinson reflects on the broader impact and achievements of ufology as a field of study.
• El affaire Kenneth Arnold: Pierre Lagrange offers a new perspective on the Kenneth Arnold sighting, a pivotal event in ufology history.
• ELEMENTOS DE OVNILOGÍA: Milton Hourcade's ongoing series continues, likely delving into fundamental concepts or historical aspects of ufology.
• Milton Hourcade: "Los OVNIS son uno de los más geniales inventos del siglo XX": This interview with Milton Hourcade, conducted by Diego Zúñiga, features the ufologist's provocative assertion about the nature or impact of UFOs.
• Esferas metálicas: Anders Liljegren and Clas Svahn from AFU discuss "metallic spheres," likely examining reports of these objects and debunking claims of extraterrestrial origin, possibly labeling them as hoaxes or misidentifications.
• Familia chilena vio horrible monstruo: "Era algo sobrenatural": Diego Zúñiga reports on a chilling encounter experienced by a Chilean family, describing a monstrous entity.
• ¿Cucarachas? ¡Qué bichos feos esos!: Alejandro Agostinelli contributes an article, possibly exploring a strange or unsettling aspect of the paranormal or ufology, perhaps using the title metaphorically.
• Libros: El mandril de Madame Blavatsky: Sergio Sánchez reviews a book related to Madame Blavatsky, likely touching upon occultism or esoteric subjects.
• "Platillos volantes": La historia de dos suicidas españoles: Luis González Manso reviews a Spanish film based on a tragic story of two individuals who committed suicide believing they would reunite with extraterrestrials, highlighting the psychological and societal impact of UFO beliefs.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

This issue of "La Nave de los Locos" strongly emphasizes a rational yet open-minded approach to ufology and paranormal phenomena. The magazine consistently revisits classic cases, aiming to provide new insights and analyses rather than mere repetition. There is a clear focus on critical examination, contrasting witness testimonies with official reports and skeptical explanations. The editorial stance appears to be one of diligent investigation, seeking to uncover the truth behind reported anomalies while acknowledging the complexities and potential for misinterpretation. The magazine also shows a commitment to promoting ufology as a serious field of study, as evidenced by the interview with Milton Hourcade and the review of the film "Platillos volantes," which touches upon the darker psychological aspects of UFO belief. The transition to a new domain suggests a desire for greater credibility and reach within the ufological community.

This issue of "DOSSIER CLÁSICOS DE LA UFOLOGÍA" (Classic UFO Dossiers), issue number 26/27 from March 2004, published by International UFO Reporter, focuses on two prominent UFO cases: the Rendlesham Forest incident and the Trinidad Island sightings. The magazine explores witness testimonies, photographic evidence, and official investigations surrounding these events.

Rendlesham Forest Incident Analysis

The article begins by examining the Rendlesham Forest incident, questioning the discrepancies between initial witness accounts and later statements. It highlights the testimonies of Burroughs and Penniston, suggesting that their official written reports were deliberately understated to avoid jeopardizing their careers. The author posits that the witnesses, familiar with the area and the lighthouse, would not have easily mistaken the lighthouse for a UFO. The article notes that the police report from the first night identified the light as coming from the lighthouse, yet some US Air Force personnel still insisted it was a UFO. The fact that Burroughs, Penniston, and Cabanasag pursued the lighthouse for a while suggests they were certain the subsequent object was different from the initial light source. This pursuit, along with other factors like ground marks and radar tracking, contributed to the case's complexity. A key point is that the witnesses consistently maintained they saw a UFO, even after acknowledging confusion about the lighthouse. The article also touches upon the witnesses' claims that they deliberately downplayed the dramatic aspects of their accounts in their written reports to avoid hindering their career advancement, a concern particularly noted by Penniston.

The author references Jenny Randles' book "From out of the blue," which discusses the Rendlesham case. It is mentioned that Penniston first spoke publicly about his experience in 1983 under the pseudonym Jim Archer, and his account, though different from his signed statement, remains consistent with his later testimonies. Similarly, Burroughs' 1989 account was similar to his current statements. The article suggests that the written reports were conservative, and the full story emerged later when witnesses felt more confident. The involvement of Halt is also mentioned, with a note in Cabanasag's statement suggesting he suspected the written version was incomplete, possibly due to intimidation.

Furthermore, the article discusses the non-military witnesses, noting that a significant portion of Randles' book "UFO Crash Landing?" is dedicated to them. It emphasizes that too many credible witnesses saw strange things that weekend to be ignored, and their familiarity with the area makes misidentification less likely. The author acknowledges Easton's view that the case might be less important than initially thought and could involve confusion, but stresses that discrepancies should not be overlooked, suggesting the Rendlesham case is far from over.

Trinidad Island UFO Case

The second major section details the UFO sightings over Trinidad Island in late 1957 and early 1958. The article, authored by Luis Ruiz Noguez, recounts several incidents, starting with a sighting by a worker on December 5, 1957. Subsequent sightings occurred on December 31, 1957, and January 1 and 2, 1958, involving military personnel and workers. The most significant event took place on January 16, 1958, when the crew of the Brazilian naval vessel Almirante Saldanha observed and photographed a UFO.

Five photographers were on board, but only Almiro Baraúna was alerted to the object. He managed to take six photographs of the UFO, which was described as a bright object approaching from the east, then curving towards Pico Desejado before heading northwest. The photographs were taken with a Rolleiflex camera and, upon development, were found to be overexposed and grainy. The object itself was described as lenticular, dark grayish, surrounded by a greenish phosphorescent mist, with a rotating ring. Witnesses reported a reddish-orange hue and noted its silent, abrupt movements. Its estimated altitude was around 1,800 meters.

The article then presents an analysis of the case, including documents from the Brazilian Ministry of the Navy. The report, signed by Captain Carlos Alberto Ferreira Bacellar, details the events and witness testimonies. It notes that the UFO was observed on five occasions, four during the day and one at night. The witnesses came from various backgrounds, including workers, officers, doctors, and a professional photographer. Notably, no high-ranking naval officers witnessed the phenomena, except for two incidents reported by Captain Bacellar himself.

All witnesses experienced strong emotional reactions. The object's shape was consistently described as a disc or lenticular, with a spherical profile when viewed from below and a double-dome shape from a distance. Its color was described as indefinite or stainless steel, sometimes appearing wrapped in mist. Some observers noted a soft downward discharge, while others denied it. The object's mobility was extreme, with rapid, abrupt movements unlike those of an aircraft. Its aspect was that of a solid body, and the observation times were brief, always in seconds.

Crucially, the witnesses were identified as individuals who could correctly identify aircraft, and any aircraft sightings were always reported. The article emphasizes that the circumstances of the photo development, the emotional state of the photographer, and the immediate processing of the film suggest that the photographs were not a montage. The analysis of the negatives by technicians from the Department of Hydrography and Navigation and the Aerophotographic Service of Cruzeiro do Sul concluded that the negatives were natural and showed no signs of photomontage.

Official Investigation and Conclusions

The report from the Ministry of the Navy lists negative points, such as the lack of immediate copies and the photographer developing the film in his own lab. However, positive points include Captain Bacellar's immediate recognition of the object in the developed film and the witnesses' confirmation that the photos matched what they saw. The analysis of the negatives by experts confirmed their authenticity.

The conclusions drawn are that a number of witnesses of varying qualifications saw UFOs on different days. However, many reports were deemed insufficient due to lack of technical expertise and brief observation times. The photographic evidence, while important, lost some convincing quality due to the impossibility of definitively ruling out prior fabrication. The strong emotional reactions of the witnesses were noted. Ultimately, the report concluded that the existence of personal reports and photographic evidence, considering the circumstances, suggested indications of the existence of UFOs.

Captain José Geraldo Brandão of the Naval Intelligence Service recommended that the High Command consider all information on the subject to reach more definitive conclusions.

Baraúna's Declaration

Almiro Baraúna recounts his experience on board the Almirante Saldanha. He was invited as part of a spearfishing club and was also tasked with taking underwater photos. He describes being called to the deck and seeing a brilliant object approaching the island. He managed to take six photos, but they were overexposed. He describes the object as metallic, dark ash-colored, with a greenish-yellowish condensation. It moved with an undulating, bat-like motion and changed speed abruptly. He states the object was solid and moved silently. He also mentions a power failure on the ship coinciding with the UFO's appearance.

Baraúna later met with naval authorities who examined his negatives and asked him to come to the Ministry of the Navy. There, he was subjected to tests to assess the object's speed, estimated between 900 and 1,000 km/h. The object's size was estimated at 40 meters in diameter and 8 meters thick. He confirmed that the photos were presented to other witnesses who identified the object correctly.

Bacellar's Declaration

Captain Carlos Alberto Bacellar's official statement confirms the sighting of an unidentified flying object by numerous people on board the Almirante Saldanha. While he was not initially on deck, he was called to witness the event and stayed to observe the film development. He confirms that the sequence of the object's flight in the photos matched the landscape photographed earlier by Baraúna. He also notes the strong commotion and alarm among the crew.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

This issue of "DOSSIER CLÁSICOS DE LA UFOLOGÍA" consistently presents UFO phenomena as subjects worthy of serious investigation, even when official reports are inconclusive. The editorial stance appears to favor the possibility of genuine UFO encounters, emphasizing witness credibility and the analysis of physical evidence, while acknowledging the challenges in definitively proving such events. The magazine highlights the importance of detailed reporting and official documentation, even if the conclusions are tentative. The inclusion of both the Rendlesham and Trinidad Island cases, with their respective complexities and controversies, underscores the magazine's commitment to exploring classic UFO mysteries.

This issue of "LA NAVE DE LOS LOCOS N° 26/27," dated March 2004, delves into the classic UFO case of the Isla Trinidad incident in Brazil, which occurred in early 1958. The magazine presents a detailed account of the sighting, the photographic evidence obtained, and the subsequent investigations by the Brazilian Navy and media.

The Isla Trinidad Incident

The central event described is the sighting and photographing of an unidentified flying object (UFO) on January 16, 1958, near Isla Trinidad, Brazil. Over 100 people aboard the Brazilian Navy school ship Almirante Saldanha witnessed the object. Photographer Almiro Baraúna managed to capture several photos of the object as it appeared to hover and then rapidly move away.

Witness Accounts and Photographic Evidence

Several individuals provided testimonies. Almiro Baraúna described the object as gray and oval, emitting a fluorescent light and moving at high speed. He managed to take six photos, though only four were clear due to the confusion and excitement. Captain Carlos Alberto Bacellar, commander of the Oceanographic Post on Isla Trinidad, confirmed that the photos taken by Baraúna corresponded to the object seen during the "overflight" of the island. He noted that the object resembled Saturn.

Other witnesses, including Captain José dos Santos Saldanha da Gama, commander of the Almirante Saldanha, and various officers, examined the negatives. The film was developed on board the ship, and the negatives were reviewed by multiple officers immediately after development, ruling out immediate possibilities of fraud. The analysis of the negatives and witness reports led experts to estimate the UFO's minimum speed at 1,200 kilometers per hour.

Official Investigation and Statements

The Brazilian Navy initiated an investigation into the incident. Rear Admiral Luis Felippe da Luz, Deputy Chief of Intelligence, suggested procedures including island exploration for landing signs and establishing surveillance posts. Admiral Antonio Maria de Carvalho, Chief of Naval Operations Command, later sent a report to the Minister of the Navy summarizing the investigation's conclusions. These conclusions acknowledged a number of witnesses who claimed to have seen UFOs, but noted the insufficiency of much of the information due to the observers' technical capacity. However, the photographic evidence was considered valuable, and the investigation admitted "indications of the existence of unidentified flying objects."

Despite the official investigation, the Navy initially maintained a cautious stance, with some spokespersons stating that the incident was not directly related to the Navy as a civilian reporter took the photos. However, the Minister of the Navy eventually distributed a note to the press stating that there was no reason to withhold access to the photos and that a comparative study showed the Trinidad object was similar to one photographed in the USA.

Media Coverage and Public Reaction

The incident generated significant media attention in Brazil. Newspapers like "Última Hora" and "Correio da Manhã" published the story prominently. The photos were sent to the United States for comparison, and American authorities requested copies. There was considerable speculation and debate in the press, with some publications maintaining a skeptical stance while others reported the events with more conviction.

Technical Details and Anomalies

During the sighting, electrical equipment on board the Almirante Saldanha reportedly malfunctioned. The ship also experienced three technical stops due to breakdowns on its return journey, during which the ship's lighting would dim and then go out.

Further Sightings and Analysis

The issue also mentions that this was reportedly the fourth occasion a UFO had appeared over Isla Trinidad. Other witnesses, like Mauro Andrade, also reported seeing unusual phenomena. The magazine references an article by Dr. Olavo T. Fontes, a Brazilian ufologist, who investigated the case and published his findings, corroborating many of the details.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The recurring themes in this issue revolve around UFO sightings, photographic evidence, official investigations, media dissemination, and the challenges of verifying extraordinary phenomena. The editorial stance appears to be one of presenting documented cases and official reports, allowing readers to draw their own conclusions while highlighting the significance of the Isla Trinidad incident as a well-documented historical event in ufology.

This issue of "La Nave de los Locos" (Issue 26/27, dated March 2004) focuses on classic cases in ufology, with the main article titled "EL AFFAIRE KENNETH ARNOLD" by Pierre Lagrange. The magazine also includes a section on the Trindade Island incident.

The Affaire Kenneth Arnold

The article by Pierre Lagrange meticulously reconstructs the events surrounding Kenneth Arnold's pivotal 1947 sighting. It begins by noting that Arnold's account is a mandatory reference point in any discussion of UFOs, often used as an introduction.

Lagrange highlights the common dichotomous approach to Arnold's story: believers see him as a victim of journalistic and scientific denial, while skeptics view him as someone who misinterpreted a mundane phenomenon. However, Lagrange argues that in 1947, the very definition and identity of 'flying saucers' were undefined, and there was a wider spectrum of actors involved than just believers and skeptics.

The Observation

On June 24, 1947, Kenneth Arnold, a private pilot, was searching for a missing Navy plane near the Cascade Mountains. At approximately 3:15 PM, at an altitude of 9,200 feet, about 25-28 miles from Mount Rainier, he observed a series of nine objects. Arnold described their movement as oscillating and maneuvering at terrifying speed, reminding him of the flight of a soaring deer. Initially, he considered them to be geese, but their speed quickly led him to believe they were nine prototypes in formation.

The objects were particularly bright in the sunlight. Arnold attempted to estimate their speed, comparing them to the fastest aircraft known. He calculated the time it took for the last object to pass Mount Adams, noting it took one minute and forty-two seconds. He estimated their size relative to a DC-4 aircraft flying nearby, finding them to be smaller, with a wingspan comparable to the distance between the DC-4's engines.

Arnold's initial hypotheses included them being painted aircraft or perhaps even Soviet experimental craft. He noted that their flight pattern was unlike anything taught in the Navy. The objects were described as having a shape like "a pie plate cut in half, with a sort of triangle on its posterior part."

First Discussions

Upon landing at Yakima, Washington, Arnold shared his experience with Al Baxter, manager of Central Aircraft. Baxter, a friend of Arnold's, remained skeptical but called other pilots and helicopter instructors to hear the story. One pilot suggested they might be guided missiles from Moses Lake.

Arnold then flew to Pendleton, Oregon. He continued to try and calculate the speed, which he estimated to be over 1,000 miles per hour, and later, after further discussion and map work, recalculated to 1,700 miles per hour. He concluded they were likely unmanned, guided missiles due to the extreme speeds and erratic movements, which he believed a human body could not withstand.

The Journalists

Arnold, concerned about potential Soviet involvement, contacted the local FBI office but found it closed. The story began to gain traction the next day, June 25, 1947, when Nolan Skiff and William Bequette, journalists from the "East Oregonian" newspaper in Pendleton, interviewed Arnold. They wrote a short article and a press dispatch that was sent to the Associated Press (AP).

The AP dispatch, while reporting Arnold's account of "nine brilliant objects" flying at "incredible" speed, began to transform the description. The objects, initially described by Arnold as moving like a "plate bouncing on the surface of water," were translated into "objects shaped like saucers flying at incredible speed." The term "flying saucers" or "flying disks" emerged from this reporting, solidifying the popular image.

The Military Investigation

Arnold expressed frustration that the military initially showed little interest. However, by early July, the Army and later the FBI began investigating. Arnold provided a nine-page typed report, along with handwritten notes and a biography, to the Army Air Corps Intelligence. He presented himself as a businessman and experienced pilot, emphasizing his patriotism.

Military investigators, including Lieutenant Frank M. Brown and Captain William Davidson from Hamilton Field, California, interviewed Arnold and his wife. They admitted they did not know what "flying saucers" were but were intrigued by the reports. Arnold suggested they interview Captain Emil Jim Smith, another pilot who had witnessed similar objects.

The investigators' report on Arnold was generally positive, describing him as a credible, honest family man. Brown concluded that Arnold likely saw something unusual and that if he was mistaken, he should have pursued a career in writing adventure stories.

The military's interest was partly driven by Cold War concerns, with initial hypotheses ranging from Soviet secret weapons to communist propaganda designed to incite fear. General Schulgen suggested the FBI investigate witnesses to determine if their reports were motivated by genuine observation, political reasons, or a desire for publicity.

Cooperation between the FBI and Air Corps Intelligence was established in late July. Reports from Arnold and other witnesses were compiled for analysis.

Doubts About Witnesses

The articles discuss how the military and FBI began to investigate witnesses, with agents collecting reports and interviewing individuals. There was a concern that some reports might be fabricated for publicity or political reasons, or be the result of mass hysteria.

The Trindade Island Incident

Separately, the issue references the 1958 Trindade Island incident in Brazil. The Brazilian Navy's research vessel "Almirante Saldanha" photographed unidentified flying objects (UAOs) near Trindade Island. This led to a congressional investigation in Brazil, with reports published in various newspapers and UFO journals.

References are made to articles by T. Olavo Fontes in "The APRO Bulletin" detailing the Trindade sightings, including the official attitude of the Brazilian Navy and additional evidence from the UAO photos.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The magazine consistently frames these events within the context of early UFOlogy, emphasizing the historical significance of cases like Kenneth Arnold's. The editorial stance appears to be one of serious inquiry into unexplained phenomena, presenting detailed accounts and the investigative efforts of the time. There's a clear focus on the historical development of UFO reporting, the media's role in shaping narratives, and the initial, often uncertain, responses from military and governmental bodies. The articles suggest that while mundane explanations were often sought, the persistence of unexplained sightings and the official investigations indicate a genuine phenomenon that warranted attention.

This issue of "La Nave de los Locos" (Issue 26/27, dated March 2004) features a dossier on "Classic UFOlogy," focusing on early investigations into unidentified flying objects (UFOs).

Project Sign: The Genesis of UFO Investigation

The article begins by detailing the establishment of "Project Sign" on September 23, 1947, following a memo from General Nathan F. Twining. This project aimed to assess reports of "flying saucers" based on a conference of scientific and technical services within the Army. The initial conclusions, though not fully detailed, emphasized that the reported phenomena were "real and not illusions or inventions." The objects were described as roughly disk-shaped, and their characteristics suggested they were "manually, automatically, or remotely controlled."

The report also considered the possibility that these were advanced US ingenios from a highly confidential project unknown to the AC/AS-2 or command, or ingenios sent by a foreign nation with advanced propulsion, possibly nuclear. However, the report noted a lack of concrete evidence, such as wreckage from crashed saucers, to "unquestionably establish the existence of these objects."

Twining recommended that the General Staff define a directive with priority, a security classification, and a code name for a detailed study, including comprehensive archives to be shared with various governmental and military bodies, as well as research organizations like RAND and NEPA.

Following this letter and subsequent memos, the General Staff established a study project for flying saucers on December 30, 1947. This project was assigned a secondary priority, a "restricted" security classification, and the code name "SIGNO." Its task was to "collect, confront, evaluate, and distribute to governmental agencies and their contractors all information regarding atmospheric phenomena observations that could potentially affect national security."

Project Sign, which would become more widely known as Project Platillo (Project Saucer), commenced its work on January 22, 1948.

J. Allen Hynek and the Analysis of Arnold's Report

The report concerning Kenneth Arnold's observation eventually reached astronomer J. Allen Hynek. Project Sign officials sought to organize incoming reports, eliminating confusion with astronomical, meteorological, or known flying apparatus phenomena. Hynek, an astronomer at the McMillin Observatory and a "close neighbor," was enlisted. His initial task was to filter reports and discard astronomical explanations.

Hynek quickly concluded that "there seems to be no astronomical explanation for the classic incident that is the model for numerous flying saucer stories that followed." He further suggested that Arnold's own report contained "inconsistencies," proposing that the objects were closer than they appeared and moved at a "net subsonic speed."

Hynek's analysis suggested that the objects were closer than Arnold perceived, thus their speed was less remarkable. This adjustment, according to Hynek, would bring the phenomenon back into order, making the objects "classic airplanes." Military investigators concluded that "incident 17" was a case of misidentification with aircraft. The Air Force report attributed Arnold's observation to a mirage, citing stable atmospheric conditions and temperature inversions that increase atmospheric refraction.

Shifting Explanations and the "Unknown" Category

These explanations, termed "mirage-saucers," aimed to calm the public's reaction to "ingenio-saucers." In other instances, observations were categorized as "unknown." Hynek's explanation was presented in a 1949 press memorandum.

The article suggests that Arnold may have been mistaken, but notes the difficulty of disagreeing with expert conclusions like Hynek's. It implies that the military apparatus was complex enough that changing offices could lead to different conclusions.

Project Blue Book and the Plurality of Opinions

Captain Ruppelt, who led Project Blue Book (an evolution of Project Sign) from 1951 to 1953, described the multiplicity of opinions within military offices. The article infers that this plurality indicated that the military knew they were dealing with "real craft from another world," though certainty was elusive.

The Secret Weapon Hypothesis

Within expert commissions, the hypothesis of a US or Russian secret weapon gained traction. In December 1948, an Air Intelligence "Top Secret" report seriously considered this possibility, stating that its content concerned "national defense" and its transmission was legally punishable.

German Technology and Soviet Interest

The document also focused on the qualities of various testimonies (pilots, meteorologists, etc.) and categorized objects into three types: "(1) disk-shaped, (2) cigar-shaped, and (3) fireball." It dismissed variations in appearance as due to visibility or angle. The report considered two hypotheses: that the ingenios were American or Russian, possibly advanced "flying wings" developed by companies like Northrop.

To facilitate progress, and given the Air Force's responsibility for air defense, it was deemed "imperative that all other agencies cooperate in confirming or discarding the possibility that the objects may have a national origin."

Regarding the Russian hypothesis, the document stated that the Soviets possessed information on numerous German flying wing ingenios, citing Dr. Guenther Bock, who led a German flying wing program during World War II. The report suggested that Soviet flying wings could achieve near-transonic speeds and that the Russians might be using "atomic propulsion."

Soviet Motives for Overflight

Four potential Soviet motives for sending ingenios over the United States were outlined:

A. To undermine US confidence in the atomic bomb.
B. For photographic reconnaissance missions.
C. To test US air defenses.
D. For reconnaissance flights over US territory.

The conclusion of the analysis stated: "Recognizing that these objects have been observed, it is clear that their origin and identification are problematic. In the interest of national defense, it would be imprudent to deny the possibility that certain ingenios have a foreign origin."

The Legacy of Arnold and Early Ufology

The existence of such a secret report is described as disturbing, seemingly confirming what Arnold's observation suggested. However, Kenneth Arnold, who died in 1984, never heard of the top-secret report N° 100-203-79, which was declassified on March 5, 1985.

The article concludes that while the nature of flying saucers remains uncertain, the situation surrounding their investigation is better understood. It notes that the various actors involved did not always interact, and that UFO studies gradually emerged from governmental and military work. Ufology, as the activity of private groups researching UFOs, was yet to be invented.

Elements of Ufology: Evaluating UFO Cases

The latter part of the magazine shifts to "Elements of Ufology" by Lic. Milton Hourcade (Copyright 2002), specifically Chapter V: "Evaluation and Valorization of UFO Cases."

This section discusses the challenge of assigning value or importance to a UFO case once it's identified as such. It references Dr. Joseph Allen Hynek's work in his book "The UFO Experience: A Scientific Inquiry" (1972), where he analyzed cases based on "Strangeness (S)" and "Probability (P)." Probability here refers to the likelihood of an event occurring as reported, not a mathematical probability.

Hynek's later project, the "UNICAT" computerized database, aimed to establish parameters for case strangeness. The author notes that Hynek's criteria for Strangeness and Probability were not always precise.

The article clarifies Hynek's terms: "Strangeness" implicitly considers parameters difficult to explain conventionally, giving UFOs a unique profile. "Probability" is not mathematical but a measure of how possible it is that a strange event occurred as reported.

Developing Evaluation Systems

The text outlines the evolution of UFO case evaluation systems, mentioning contributions from:

• Project GEPAN (France): Developed the concept of "Probability of Minimum Subjective Elements" (PESM), considering witness testimony quality, consistency, independence, and prior beliefs.
• Vicente-Juan Ballester Olmos: Expanded on GEPAN's work, proposing four criteria for evaluating witnesses and their testimonies: consistency, personality, impact on beliefs, and psychophysical aspects.
• CIOVI (Uruguay): Proposed a formula for Probability and a percentage system for evaluation, though it partially diverged from Hynek's criteria.

Hynek's Strangeness and Probability Indices

The article then details Hynek's proposed system, which uses a scale from 1 to 9 for both Strangeness (S) and Probability (P). It explains that cases with a value of 0 in either category would be classified as Identified Flying Objects (OVIS) and excluded.

Hynek's Strangeness index categorizes events from simple sightings (e.g., "LN and OD seen as points") to complex evidence (e.g., multiple radar and photographic records, computer detection logs). The Probability index considers factors like the number and independence of witnesses, their consistency, and the overall conviction conveyed by the report.

Proposed Framework

The authors propose a system that builds upon Hynek's framework, aiming for a logical, objective, and impartial evaluation of Probability (credibility-reliability). They present tables detailing the "Index of Strangeness" with corresponding event types and a framework for "Determination of Probability" based on witness evaluation (quantity and quality).

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The issue strongly emphasizes the historical development of UFO investigation, from early military projects like Sign and Blue Book to the academic and scientific approaches to case evaluation. It highlights the foundational work of J. Allen Hynek and the subsequent efforts by various researchers to create systematic methods for assessing UFO reports. The underlying stance appears to be that while UFO phenomena remain a subject of ongoing investigation, rigorous analysis and evaluation of evidence and testimony are crucial for understanding them. The article also touches upon the geopolitical context of the Cold War, suggesting that early UFO investigations were influenced by concerns over Soviet technological advancements.

Title: LA NAVE DE LOS LOCOS
Issue: 26/27
Date: March 2004

This issue of "LA NAVE DE LOS LOCOS" features an in-depth interview with journalist Milton W. Hourcade, who offers a critical perspective on the UFO phenomenon, linking it to military secrets and media sensationalism. The magazine also presents a detailed catalog of space debris found on Earth between 1960 and 1972, suggesting that many reported UFO sightings can be attributed to these fallen objects.

Milton Hourcade: UFOs as a Modern Invention

The cover story, "'UFOs ARE ONE OF THE MOST GENIAL INVENTIONS OF THE 20TH CENTURY'", by Diego Zúñiga, centers on Milton W. Hourcade's analysis of the UFO phenomenon. Hourcade, a journalist with decades of experience in the field, founded the Center for Research of Unidentified Flying Objects (CIOVI) in Montevideo in 1958. However, his perspective evolved significantly by 2003, moving away from a belief in extraterrestrial origins towards the idea that secret military prototypes and clandestine aerial vehicles are often mistaken for UFOs.

Hourcade criticizes the sensationalist approach often taken by journalists when reporting on UFO cases. He argues that many journalists prioritize reporting what they hear without verifying its truth, contributing to public misinformation. He notes the lack of specialized UFO journalists, which he believes contributes to this issue. Hourcade also points out that while journalists meticulously verify information in other fields, they often fail to do so with UFO reports.

He suggests that media outlets can actively create or stimulate UFO 'waves' by focusing on certain stories or programs. Hourcade cites the influence of sensationalist television programs, like "Circulares de Mancera" in Uruguay, which he believes led to numerous false reports. He posits that those who control or manage the UFO topic can use the media to create an environment where people report seeing unusual things, thus providing a cover for secret military activities.

Hourcade's current work involves presenting conferences like "Things You Can See in the Sky." He has authored several books on the topic, including "Fenómeno OVNI, desafío a la ciencia" (1978), "Elementos de ovnilogía" (1989), and "OVNIS. La agenda secreta" (2000).

The Media's Role in UFO Narratives

Hourcade elaborates on the media's influence, stating that while some researchers believe media reports cause UFO waves, his experience suggests the opposite: media often *provoke* these waves. He highlights how susceptible people can be to media influence, leading to psychotized reactions. He also notes that in the United States, the media can be stimulated to generate these waves, serving as a "smokescreen" if secret projects are revealed.

Regarding contemporary US media coverage of UFOs, Hourcade states the topic is largely absent. When mentioned, it's often with a tone of amusement or disbelief, lacking serious journalistic investigation. He contrasts this with more balanced reporting found on channels like History or Discovery, while criticizing others for perpetuating hoaxes like Ray Santilli's "alien autopsy."

Hourcade explains the intense media attention on UFOs in the late 1940s and early 1950s as a direct result of the US Air Force's desire to monitor the skies during the Cold War. The fear of Soviet technological threats led to the creation of projects like the "Sunset Project" and the establishment of the Air Force and CIA. The Ground Observer Corps, a vast civilian network, was also created to report unusual aerial sightings, with instructions provided in Manual 50-12.

Hourcade's central argument is that the idea of UFOs has served as an excellent cover for secret military activities. He estimates that 98.5% to 99% of UFO sightings can be attributed to natural phenomena, conventional aircraft, or psychological factors. The remaining 1% to 1.5% he attributes to experimental or operational ultra-secret aerial or aerospace vehicles.

"Del Mono, ¡carajo!" (About the Monkey, Damn it!)

This section features an article by Sergio Sánchez R. discussing the concept of "monos" (monkeys) in relation to journalism and the study of UFOs. It touches upon the idea that some journalists might report on UFOs without deep investigation, similar to how one might report on a monkey without fully understanding it. The article also briefly mentions the "CIBERNESIO" website and the work of Vicente-Juan Ballester and Herbert Strentz in trying to link UFO interest with 'waves' of sightings.

Astrologers and Matrimony in Zamora

This short piece discusses the practice of astrology in relation to marriage, mentioning astrologers, TV shows, and specific individuals like Eugenia Larraín and Patricia Arredondo. It also touches upon a specific astrological reading for a couple.

Metallic Spheres: Investigations in Sweden

This section, authored by Anders Liljegren and Clas Svahn, details investigations into metallic sphere fragments found in Sweden during the 1960s. The report is based on a Swedish Research Institute of National Defence (FOA) document. Two specific incidents are described:

1. Vemdalen, Sweden (September 8, 1964): A metallic ball was found by a hunter in a desolate area.
2. Borås, Sweden (April 5, 1965): A similar metallic ball crashed into a muddy area near a lake.

Analysis by the Swedish defense identified these objects as pressure tanks from US space vehicles, specifically the Agena-D mission. The metal was identified as a titanium alloy. The report concluded that while Russian satellite debris was unlikely, the measurements of the parts matched US standards.

Further details reveal that the Agena-D tanks were used for storing nitrogen or freon for satellite positioning and for pressurizing fuel tanks. The Agena-D was a modified version of the Agena-A rocket, used by NASA for docking during the Gemini program. The Swedish military had limited information on the Agena-D's purpose, with reports suggesting they were reconnaissance satellites.

Other metallic spheres and fragments were found in Sweden and elsewhere, including near Stugun (September 11, 1969), Sundsvall (September 19, 1976), and in various locations globally, often identified as parts of Soviet or US space missions.

List of Space Entries / 1960-1972

This extensive list details numerous instances of space debris falling to Earth between 1960 and 1972. Each entry provides:

• Date of discovery/sighting
• Location of discovery
• Description of the object (e.g., pieces of engine, pressure tanks, cylindrical metal)
• Estimated size and weight
• Identified origin (e.g., Atlas/Able, Thor, Atlas, Sputnik IV, Agena-D, Soviet spacecraft).

Notable entries include:

• South Africa (September 1960): Unknown pieces of a space object.
• Cuba (November 1960): Pieces of engine and propellant tank, likely from Transit-III.
• Brazil and South Africa (March/June 1962): Stainless steel pieces and a pressure bottle, identified as parts of the Atlas booster for Mercury mission MA-6.
• Porto Alegre, Brazil (July 1962): Cylindrical pressure piece, part of a US Air Force test satellite.
• Manitowoc, Wisconsin (September 1962): Cylindrical metal piece, identified as part of Sputnik IV.
• Ivory Coast and Upper Volta (October 1962): Stainless steel and aluminum pieces, identified as parts of the Atlas booster for Mercury mission MA-8.
• Broken Hill, Australia (April/June 1963): Spherical pressure tanks, believed to be from an Agena rocket used for US Air Force test satellites.
• Concordia, Argentina (May 1963): Stainless steel piece, part of the Atlas booster for Mercury mission MA-9.
• Pretoria, South Africa (May 1963): A 30x38 cm piece, believed to be part of a Soviet space apparatus.
• Belem, Brazil (March 1964): Spherical metal pressure tank, believed to be part of an Agena DOD rocket.
• Columbia Británica, Canada (March 1964): Indeterminate fragments, possibly of Soviet origin.
• La Fría, Venezuela (May 1964): Oxidized electronic equipment piece, part of a DOD satellite.
• Northern Argentina (December 1964/January 1965): Metallic sphere, aluminum cylinder, and fragments, identified as parts of the DOD Titan III booster.
• Malawi (January 1965): A piece of sheet metal, identity unconfirmed.
• Abaco Island, Bahamas (1965): An object resembling a space fragment, possibly from the Atlas-Mariner I.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The recurring themes in this issue are the critical examination of the UFO phenomenon, the role of journalism in shaping public perception, and the tangible evidence of space debris impacting Earth. The editorial stance, as represented by Hourcade's interview and the detailed catalog of space debris, leans towards a rational, scientific explanation for many reported UFO sightings, attributing them to misidentified natural phenomena, conventional aircraft, psychological factors, and, most significantly, fallen space technology. The magazine appears to advocate for a more rigorous and less sensationalist approach to reporting on unexplained aerial phenomena, emphasizing the need for evidence-based investigation.

This issue of "La Nave de los Locos" (The Ship of Fools), dated March 2004, is a Spanish-language magazine that explores a variety of unconventional topics, including the business of divination, space debris, the scientific debate on the origin of life, and a critical look at ufology. The magazine features a mix of investigative journalism, historical accounts, and skeptical analysis.

The Business of Divination: "EL FUTURO ESTÁ EN SUS... BOLSILLOS"

This extensive article by Diego Zúñiga exposes the lucrative and often deceptive practices of diviners, tarot readers, and mentalists. It highlights how these individuals, operating under flamboyant pseudonyms, offer vague predictions and psychological services for significant financial gain. The article quotes illusionist Enrique Márquez, who describes the "cold reading" technique used to extract information from clients without them realizing it. Márquez also points out that these practitioners exploit people's loneliness and anxieties, often creating a sense of urgency or fear to encourage further spending. Manuel Carballal, an investigator of paranormal phenomena, shares extreme cases where individuals have been defrauded of large sums of money, and warns that these practices can lead to the loss of a client's sanity, freedom, or even life. The article also touches upon the financial aspects, noting that some diviners can earn substantial monthly incomes, comparable to or exceeding those of executives. The piece concludes by emphasizing that while some may offer a therapeutic function by providing a listening ear, many exploit people's distress for profit.

Catalog of Space Debris: "LA NAVE DE LOS LOCOS N° 26/27"

Pages 61 and 62 present a chronological catalog of metallic objects and fragments found on Earth between June 1962 and April 1972. These items are identified as potential debris from various space missions, including US programs like Gemini, Apollo, Saturn, Delta, and Titan, as well as Soviet missions such as Luna, Cosmos, and Atlas. The entries detail the date and location of discovery, the object's description (shape, size, weight), and its presumed origin or connection to a specific space launch. This section serves as a historical record of man-made objects returning to Earth from space.

The Origin of Life Debate: "EL ÓLEO NEGRO" DE "LOS EXPEDIENTES SECRETOS X" Y EL BATHYBIUS HAECKELII"

Written by Kentaro Mori, this article delves into the scientific controversy surrounding the origin of life, using the fictional "black oil" from The X-Files as a narrative hook. It recounts the discovery of *bathybius haeckelii*, a substance found in deep-sea mud by the HMS Cyclops in 1857, which biologist Thomas Henry Huxley initially believed to be a form of primitive life capable of spontaneous generation. The article places this discovery within the context of Charles Darwin's theory of evolution and Louis Pasteur's experiments disproving spontaneous generation (biogenesis). It details how the *bathybius haeckelii* was eventually debunked as a chemical precipitate formed by alcohol used for preservation reacting with the mud. Despite this setback, the article notes that modern science, through experiments by Stanley Miller and Harold Urey, and the discovery of extremophile organisms, has shown that the building blocks of life can indeed form from inorganic substances under specific conditions, suggesting that the initial speculative theories about life's origins might have been closer to the truth than initially thought.

A Critical Look at Ufology: "¿QUÉ HA LOGRADO LA UFOLOGÍA?"

Larry Robinson offers a skeptical perspective on ufology, questioning its scientific achievements after 56 years of reports. He argues that there is a lack of verifiable scientific evidence for intelligent extraterrestrial life. Robinson categorizes what ufology "has" (visual witness reports, often mundane or misidentified) and what it "doesn't have" (chemical, physical, or biological evidence). He highlights the limitations of human visual perception in accurately assessing objects at a distance and points out that many radar reports have prosaic explanations, such as reflections from other aircraft. The article also addresses the prevalence of fraud and hoaxes in the UFO field, including misidentified planets, fire balloons, and deliberate fabrications. Robinson criticizes the sensationalism often found in "home science" magazines that publish instructions for creating fire balloons, which have led to actual fires.

Other Articles and Sections:

• "¿ADIVINAN?": This section further elaborates on the techniques used by diviners, focusing on "cold reading" and psychological manipulation. It emphasizes that these practitioners often prey on people's need to be heard and understood.
• "¿CUCARACHAS? ¡QUÉ BICHOS FEOS ESOS!": This is a polemical piece by Alejandro Agostinelli, responding to a critique by Roberto Banchs. Agostinelli defends his own academic background and criticizes Banchs's personal attacks, framing the debate as a reflection of Banchs's own insecurities.
• "SALIÓ EL Nº 29 DE CUADERNOS DE UFOLOGÍA": A brief announcement about the release of the 29th issue of the ufology journal "Cuadernos de Ufología," highlighting its contents, including articles on contactism in Chile, the Valdés case, and teleportation.
• "BARNEY Y CHRISTELL, SATÁNICOS": This short piece discusses claims that the children's character Barney and singer Christell have satanic messages when their songs are played backward, dismissing these claims as requiring excessive imagination.
• "PARA “PENSAR", HAY QUE ESTAR BIEN INFORMADO": This section features the cover of the magazine "Pensar," a Latin American publication focused on science and reason, dated January-March 2004.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The magazine consistently adopts a critical and skeptical stance towards pseudoscientific claims, including divination, ufology, and paranormal phenomena. It champions scientific inquiry and rational explanation, as evidenced by its detailed catalog of space debris, its discussion of the scientific debate on the origin of life, and its debunking of UFO claims. The editorial stance appears to be one of promoting critical thinking and debunking misinformation, while also exploring topics of public interest that often fall outside mainstream scientific discourse. The magazine also engages in intellectual debates, as seen in the exchange between Agostinelli and Banchs.

This issue of "La Nave de los Locos" (The Ship of Fools), number 26/27, dated March 2004, presents a collection of articles exploring unexplained phenomena, skepticism, and esoteric movements. The cover story, "FAMILIA CHILENA VIO HORRIBLE MONSTRUO: 'ERA ALGO SOBRENATURAL'" by Diego Zúñiga, details a reported sighting of a strange creature in Chile. Other articles delve into the scientific explanations for alleged UFO sightings, the history of Theosophy, and the importance of critical thinking.

UFOs and Scientific Explanations

The issue features several articles that attempt to demystify alleged UFO sightings by providing scientific explanations. "LOS OVNIS DE VÓRTICE" (Vortex UFOs) by Kentaro Mori is a multi-part investigation into ring-shaped aerial phenomena. It examines the case of a photograph taken in Viborg, Denmark, in 1974, of an object described as a "typical" extraterrestrial disc enveloped in a cloud. The analysis by Colman S. Von Keviczky suggested it was a disc camouflaged as a cloud. The article also discusses the Fort Belvoir, USA, case from 1957, where a soldier photographed a black ring-shaped object. The official explanation, according to the "Informe Condon" (Condon Report), was a smoke ring produced by atomic explosion simulations. The article elaborates on how these smoke rings are formed, comparing them to those made by smokers and noting their stability and toroidal shape. It further explores similar phenomena observed at Mount Etna in Italy, from toy cannons, and from air shows, suggesting that many such sightings are natural atmospheric events rather than alien craft.

Another section, "OVNI de Pucón, Chile," discusses an incident in 1997 where a white ring appeared in the sky during an air show, which was later explained by air traffic controller Carlos Ruminot Núñez as a vortex ring formed by the smoke column of an acrobatic aircraft. Similarly, an event in San Antonio, Texas, USA, in 2003, involving a black smoke ring after a lightning strike on a transformer, is also attributed to a toroidal smoke ring.

Theosophy and Esotericism

"EL MANDRIL DE MADAME BLAVATSKY" by Peter Washington, reviewed by Diego Zúñiga, offers a critical look at the history of Theosophy and its key figures. The review highlights Washington's approach, which is described as "sociological" and "historical," contrasting with the more partisan critique of René Guénon. The book examines Madame Blavatsky's role in founding the Theosophical Society, her claims of receiving dictations from Ascended Masters, and the subsequent development of Theosophy under Annie Besant and Charles Leadbeater. The review points out the internal conflicts and speculative nature of Theosophical teachings, particularly regarding reincarnation and the concept of Masters. It draws a parallel between the hierarchical structure and communication methods of Theosophy and those found in ufological contactism.

Other Phenomena and Skepticism

Page 1 of the magazine includes a collection of miscellaneous reports and observations, some of which are presented as potentially unexplained events or instances of "bad science." These include reports of a small OVNI smaller than a helicopter, a piece of silicon from Roswell with strange isotope ratios, magnesium from Ubatuba found to be impure, and various alleged "space debris" like aluminum handles and animal urine. The article also touches upon cattle mutilations, attributing most to satanic rituals rather than extraterrestrial activity, and discusses "implants" recovered from people, suggesting they are common objects introduced accidentally.

Several seemingly bizarre events are listed as "cases OVNI" but are presented with mundane explanations: an inflatable car flying away, a farmer using a scooter motor to start a fire, a motorcyclist making circles, a teenager using herbicide to create a landing strip, a patio fire causing an explosion, a sewer pipe becoming a rocket, a detergent mishap causing excessive foam, and drug traffickers using rocket models. The article also mentions a model hot air balloon shaped like a flying saucer and a building collapse illuminated by electrical sparks.

A Chilean Monster Sighting

The cover story, "FAMILIA CHILENA VIO HORRIBLE MONSTRUO: 'ERA ALGO SOBRENATURAL'" by Diego Zúñiga, recounts the experience of Roberto Ayar, his wife Maribel Arnaiz, and their daughter Daphne. While taking a detour on a secondary road near Romeral, Chile, they claim to have seen a creature about 1.5 meters tall, described as a mix of animal and man, with short hands, a furry snout, and light-colored hair. Ayar compared it to the creature from "The Fly" and stated it was "supernatural." He dismissed the chupacabras phenomenon as a media invention. The story was offered to "Las Últimas Noticias" but not picked up, and "La Cuarta" dedicated several pages to it, including a vigil at the alleged sighting location, which yielded only "mysterious footprints."

Key Persons and Organizations

The issue mentions several individuals involved in ufology and skepticism, including Marcos González and Rodrigo Jofré (organizers of the Viña del Mar Ufology Conference), Carlos Muñoz (known as "código azul"), Eugenio Fourt (CEFAA specialist), Sami Rozenbaum (Venezuelan skeptic), and Diego Zúñiga (translator and author). Organizations like AION (Agrupación de Investigaciones Ovnilógicas) and CIFOV are noted for their involvement in ufological events. The critical examination of Theosophy involves figures like Helena Blavatsky, Annie Besant, and Charles Leadbeater.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

A recurring theme throughout the magazine is the importance of scientific methodology and skepticism in investigating unexplained phenomena. The articles often aim to debunk sensationalist claims by providing rational explanations, whether through atmospheric physics, misidentification, or even deliberate hoaxes. The critical review of Theosophy further emphasizes this stance, contrasting esoteric beliefs with empirical evidence and historical analysis. The magazine appears to promote a rationalist approach, encouraging readers to question extraordinary claims and seek verifiable evidence. There is a clear distinction made between genuine investigation and "bad science" or "pseudoscience."

Title: LA NAVE DE LOS LOCOS
Issue: No. 26/27
Date: March 2004

This issue of 'La Nave de los Locos' is a comprehensive exploration of various topics related to the paranormal, skepticism, and esoteric movements, featuring in-depth articles, reviews of publications and films, and commentary on historical events.

Theosophy and Krishnamurti

The issue begins with a detailed commentary on the Theosophical Society and its historical figures, particularly focusing on Jiddu Krishnamurti. The author highlights the irony and compassion in Washington's description of the era. The article delves into the Theosophical Society's belief in a coming 'Instructor of the World,' and how this expectation was projected onto Krishnamurti, who was discovered as a child by Leadbeater and groomed by Besant to be the 'new Christ' and spiritual leader of a new world order. The narrative emphasizes the radical nature of this preparation and Krishnamurti's eventual rejection of this role, famously stating, 'take this cup away from me.' This departure caused significant pain to Besant and marked a turning point for the movement. The article also touches upon Alice Bailey's continuation of similar ideas and the contrasting interpretations of Krishnamurti, with some identifying him with the Antichrist. The commentary concludes by referencing Peter Washington's revelations about this period.

Film Review: Platillos Volantes

A significant portion of the magazine is dedicated to a review of the Spanish film 'Platillos Volantes' (Flying Saucers), released in 2003. The film dramatizes the true story of two men who committed suicide by decapitation in Tarrasa, Spain, in 1972, believing this act would unite them with extraterrestrials. The review praises director Óscar Aibar for his sensitive and respectful treatment of the subject matter, avoiding sensationalism. The film is noted for its atmospheric portrayal of the era and its exploration of the 'platillista' (UFO enthusiast) subculture. The reviewer highlights the film's intimate approach and its subtle nods to earlier works like Mercero's 'La Cabina.' While some critics found the ending dispensable, the reviewer acknowledges its visual impact. The documentary elements, such as the inclusion of historical newsreels (NODO) and music, are also commended. Jordi Vilches' performance as Juan, one of the protagonists, is singled out for capturing the fascination with space and UFOs experienced by young people at the time. The review also notes the film's anachronisms, such as the appearance of a book published after the events depicted and the incorporation of UFO contactee movements that were not prevalent in Spain at that early date. The film's exploration of the connection between 'platillista' messianism and utopian/communist movements is considered a valuable, albeit underexplored, aspect. The review also discusses the case of José Félix Rodríguez and Joan Turú Vallès, whose suicide is considered the first 'platillista' suicide, predating the Heaven's Gate cult. It also briefly mentions a similar incident in Brazil. The review concludes by noting that the mystery of the Tarrasa suicides was later clarified by the confession of a criminal who admitted to forcing the victims to take poison for a robbery.

Publication Reviews

The issue features reviews of several publications related to ufology and skepticism:

• Cons-Ciências Nº 1: This Portuguese publication from the Universidad Fernando Pessoa is described as a book-like journal. Its first issue focuses on the proceedings of the Second International Symposium 'Fronteras de la Ciencia,' covering topics such as Marian apparitions, near-death experiences, panspermia, consciousness expansion, and alchemy. The review notes that some articles are in English and that the publication pays homage to the earlier magazine 'Anomalía.'
• Neo-Skepsis Nº 4: This Peruvian magazine, published by Ediciones de Filosofía Aplicada, is reviewed. The issue's theme is 'Pseudoscience and Psychology,' featuring articles on the demarcation between science and pseudoscience, psychoanalysis as a pseudoscientific approach, and critical analyses of Piaget. The review highlights the magazine's critical-rationalist stance and its previous issues on the paranormal and UFO phenomena.
• Pensar Nº 1: This new magazine from the CSICOP (Committee for the Scientific Investigation of Claims of the Paranormal) is aimed at a Spanish-speaking audience. The first issue's cover story is about the 'Shroud of Turin,' with an article by Colombian skeptic Hernán Toro. The review mentions other sections like 'Contracorriente,' 'Pastillas,' and book reviews, positioning 'Pensar' as a comprehensive resource for the Latin American skeptical movement.
• Cuadernos de Ufología – 20 Aniversario: This is a CD-ROM compilation of the first 17 issues of 'Cuadernos de Ufología' (1983-1987), released by Fundación Anomalía. The review notes the historical significance of these early issues, which are difficult to find, and mentions contributions from notable ufologists. It describes the original magazine as having a handmade, nostalgic quality.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The magazine consistently champions a skeptical and rational approach to paranormal claims, while also engaging with the history and cultural impact of such phenomena. The editorial stance appears to favor critical analysis and scientific inquiry, as evidenced by the reviews of skeptical publications like 'Pensar' and 'Neo-Skepsis.' However, it also acknowledges the cultural significance and historical context of UFO sightings and related beliefs, as seen in the detailed review of 'Platillos Volantes.' The publication aims to inform its readers about both the scientific debunking of paranormal claims and the enduring fascination with mysteries of the universe.