La Nave de los Locos - No 21-22

Magazine Overview

Title: LA NAVE DE LOS LOCOS
Issue: Nº 21/22
Volume: Año 4
Date: Marzo 2003
Publisher: La Nave de los Locos
Country: Chile
Price: $ 800

This double issue of "La Nave de los Locos" (The Ship of Fools), a rational debate magazine on ufology, parapsychology, and more, presents a comprehensive dossier titled "OVNIS Y FOLKLORE" (UFOs and Folklore). The editorial highlights the magazine's commitment to critical analysis and public illustration, contrasting its approach with sensationalist media coverage. It celebrates its third year of publication, offering an alternative perspective to the "mass-produced man" narrative.

Editorial: The Columbia Tragedy and UFOs

The editorial begins by addressing the Columbia space shuttle tragedy, noting how the event was sensationalized, with some attributing it to budget cuts. It criticizes a particular ufologist who, despite claiming skepticism, propagated the idea of UFO involvement in the disaster. The editors express their dedication to the necessary task of critique and public education, finding intellectual and moral rewards in their work.

The issue's main focus is a dossier exploring the equation of "UFOs and folklore." The editors proudly present this edition, featuring contributions from distinguished foreign writers who examine how ufology is indebted to ancient myths that have resurfaced in a technological guise.

Staff and Contributors

The magazine is directed by Sergio Sánchez and Diego Zúñiga, with Diego Zúñiga also handling editing and design. Illustrations are provided by Cristina González, Juan Palma, and Diego Arandojo. The issue features a wide range of collaborators from Chile, Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Spain, the United States, France, England, Italy, Mexico, Paraguay, and Sweden.

The editors state that they do not necessarily agree with their collaborators' opinions and are not responsible for them, except where explicitly stated. "La Nave de los Locos" is described as a bimonthly bulletin, independently edited and non-profit.

Table of Contents (Sumario)

The table of contents for issue 21/22 (March 2003) lists several articles, including:

• "OVNIs y folklore: Presentación" by Sergio Sánchez
• "Un síndrome de abducción en el folklore haitiano" by Peter Rogerson
• "Los OVNIs dentro de la clasificación narrativa folklórica" by Diego Viegas
• "Hadas, OVNIs y problemas del conocimiento" by Peter Rojcewicz
• "Helicópteros, OVNIs y la psique" by Dennis Stillings
• "Ufología y brujería" by Thierry Pinvidic
• "Gigantesco OVNI sobre dos continentes" by James Oberg
• "ELEMENTOS DE OVNILOGÍA" by Milton Hourcade
• "El gas de los pantanos" by Luis Ruiz Noguez
• "El show raeliano... ¿debe continuar?" by Alejandro Agostinelli
• "AION: Buscando contacto en Viña del Mar" by M. González – R. Jofré
• "Luis Altamirano: 'Sin escépticos, esto sería la locura total'" by Sergio Sánchez
• "Phil Klass: Un investigador honesto" by Milton Hourcade
• "El fenómeno Angol: Anatomía de un mito con nombre de persona" by Héctor Méndez
• "Héctor Escobar en Chile" by Sergio Sánchez
• "Cielos antiguos: ¿Ciencia o charlatanismo?" by Robert Sheaffer
• "Una virgen muy 'pintoresca'" by Luis Ruiz Noguez
• "Libros: OVNIs. La agenda secreta" by Sergio Sánchez

Dossier: OVNIS Y FOLKLORE

Presentation by Sergio Sánchez R.

Sergio Sánchez introduces the dossier by questioning the self-awareness of sensationalist ufology, which often presents UFOs and aliens as entering Earth's atmosphere, abducting people, and even planning hybrid races. He argues that the "UFO panoply" presented as credible is deeply indebted to ancient human beliefs, and that the increasing complexity of UFO scenarios reveals a folklore unfolding in the technotronic era rather than evidence of alien visitations.

He references Jacques Vallée's "Passport to Magonia" (1972) as a pivotal work that recognized the connection between modern UFO phenomena and ancient fairy beliefs. Vallée posited that the beings described in UFO accounts are indistinguishable from medieval elves and sylphs, suggesting that UFO sightings are intrusions into the "Secret Community" of ancient myths.

Sánchez highlights the work of French folklorist and sociologist Bertrand Méheust, who, following Vallée, explored the mythical character of abduction narratives. Méheust argues that these stories, with their structure and content, mirror ancient human archetypes, with contemporary witnesses experiencing trances similar to those of shamans. Méheust suggests that UFO phenomena might represent the subjective embodiment of collective beliefs that transcend the individual.

Thomas "Eddie" Bullard, an American folklorist, is also mentioned for his research into abduction narratives. While Bullard believes the structure of these accounts demonstrates their reality, he has debated Méheust's more skeptical stance. The dossier aims to explore these connections between UFO scenarios and ancestral folklore, demonstrating their fruitful interpretative potential.

"Un síndrome de abducción en el folklore haitiano" by Peter Rogerson

Peter Rogerson examines Haitian folklore, suggesting that stories of white slave trafficking share similarities with modern alien abduction narratives. He cites anthropologist Alfred Metraux's "Voodoo in Haiti," which describes a panic in the 1940s concerning a motorized vehicle called "abducting people." In the capital, it was called "auto-tigre," and in Marbial, "motor-zobop," operated by zobops, a secret society of sorcerers. This vehicle was said to have blue beams on its headlights.

Rogerson recounts the experience of Divoine Joseph, a herbologist who reported being blinded by a white light and losing consciousness, only to wake up inside a vehicle surrounded by masked individuals. He was offered money to remain silent. After being returned, he experienced hallucinations and repeated "they have me." He recovered with the help of a "hangan" (voodoo priest).

Rogerson notes the parallels between these accounts and modern UFO abduction stories: the light, paralysis, strange abductors, remote capture, and psychological after-effects. He connects these to fairy abduction beliefs, including taboos, bad luck, and the dangerous nature of these encounters. He also mentions European panics about white slave trafficking, which may have influenced gangster narratives.

The article suggests that the motorized vehicle in these stories has taken on the attributes of the "diabolical machine" later associated with UFOs. Rogerson points out that similar panics occurred in Great Britain in the 1930s regarding phantom vehicles. He also draws parallels with the Haitian "loup-garou" (werewolf/vampire) legend, which involves luminous trails and specific nocturnal excursion days. The article concludes by noting how Haitian beliefs adapt to social and physical changes, suggesting similar transformations occur in Western UFO beliefs.

"Los OVNIs dentro de la clasificación narrativa folklórica" by Diego Rodolfo Viegas (Argentina)

Diego Rodolfo Viegas discusses the confusion between fiction and falsehood, arguing that a "fictional" or "mythical" universe does not lack reality but constitutes the only possible reality. He uses the example of a "door" to explain that objects only exist within a cultural context and are "pertinized" to become culturally significant. He suggests that UFOs might be "purely cultural objects" used to label phenomena that don't fit easily into recognizable cultural aspects.

Viegas notes that UFOs have prompted reflection on concepts like reality, myth, science, and belief, generating extensive discourse and compilations of cases, histories, and theories. He emphasizes that no reality exists independently of discourse; each is founded and defined by it. Even if events have an external reality, their hierarchy, development, and functionality are determined by discourse.

He proposes that events are "spoken" or narrated, and discourse analysis can investigate the significant networks that enable their emergence. Viegas then introduces a classification system for folklore legends proposed by the International Society for Folk-Narrative Research in Budapest in 1963. This system categorizes legends into four main groups: Etiological and Eschatological; Historical and Historical-Cultural; Supernatural Beings and Forces / Mythical Legends; and Religious Legends / Myths of Gods and Heroes.

Viegas plans to apply this classification to UFO narratives, extracting examples to compare UFO stories with the discursive structures identified by folklorologists. He outlines examples for the Etiological and Eschatological group, including UFOs originating from Hollow Earth, other planets, as flying insects, from underwater, or as Nazi constructions in Antarctica. For the Historical and Historical-Cultural group, he mentions astroarchaeology, where extraterrestrials are credited with teaching humans construction, mathematics, and writing, and ancient sacred texts are explained by ancient astronauts. He cites authors like Kasantzev, Charroux, Danyans, Von Däniken, and Zecharia Sitchin in this context.

"Hadas, OVNIs y problemas del conocimiento" by Peter Rojcewicz

Peter Rojcewicz's work is described as an attempt to directly explore the "Magonia factor," which he terms "unusual ufology." This approach challenges the rational assumptions of modern psychology. He suggests that UFOs might be related to the concept of "Magonia," a mythical realm or place associated with fairies and strange phenomena.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The recurring theme throughout this issue is the reinterpretation of UFO phenomena through the lens of folklore, mythology, and cultural anthropology. The magazine advocates for a rational and critical approach to ufology, moving beyond sensationalism to explore the deeper cultural and psychological roots of these narratives. The editorial stance is one of intellectual rigor, seeking to provide an alternative perspective that challenges conventional media portrayals and encourages deeper understanding of human beliefs and their manifestations in the modern era.

This issue of "La Nave de los Locos" (The Ship of Fools), number 21/22, dated March 2003, delves into the fascinating intersections between folklore, mythology, and ufology. The magazine explores how beliefs in supernatural entities, such as fairies and aliens, reflect fundamental aspects of human consciousness, perception, and the construction of reality.

UFO Phenomena and Folklore Parallels

The issue begins by categorizing mysterious "objects" and phenomena, including alleged extraterrestrial appearances, "spumas," "angel hair," and "hilillos," as well as effects from interstellar contacts. It also covers reports of crop circles and cattle mutilations.

Legendary Locations

Several locations are highlighted as sites of alleged extraterrestrial activity and mythopoesis. Cerro Uritorco in Argentina is described as a place where OVNI recharge energy from minerals, and where an invisible subterranean city named Erks is said to exist. The "La Aurora" ranch in Uruguay is noted for concentrating OVNI activity and protecting spiritual activities. Mount Shasta in the USA and other global sites are presented as extraterrestrial bases.

Historical and Prehistoric Legends

Cave paintings and ancient artifacts are interpreted as evidence of remote visits by flying saucers. Japanese bronze statuettes ("ogu") are seen as depicting astronauts, and a Mayan tomb lid from Palenque, Mexico, is interpreted as an astronaut operating a spacecraft. The geoglyphs of Nazca, Peru, are also identified as OVNI landing strips. These examples are linked to astroarchaeology.

Wars and Catastrophes

The article notes an increase in OVNI activity during times of war and natural disasters like earthquakes and volcanic eruptions. "Foo-fighters" during World War II and "strange craft" during the Korean, Falklands, and Persian Gulf Wars are mentioned. Strange lights associated with earthquakes, sometimes exhibiting "intelligent behavior," are also discussed, with a notable example in Pereiro, Brazil, in 1968, involving large, brilliant blue-green spheres.

Notable Personalities and Encounters

Kenneth Arnold is credited as the initiator of the modern OVNI saga, having reported "nine saucer-shaped craft" over Mount Rainier. Captain Mantell is mentioned as the first victim of OVNI pursuit. The text alludes to ufologists being silenced or assassinated to halt their investigations, often by "Men in Black." George Adamski is cited as the first to contact Venusians, with others like Sixto Paz Wells, Eugenio Siragusa, and Francisco Checchi also making contact with extraterrestrial beings. The article claims that US presidents, from Truman onwards, possess incredible OVNI secrets but hide them from the public, a claim extended to famous astronauts.

Transgressions and Warnings

A repugnant extraterrestrial creature reportedly warned two New Zealand OVNI enthusiasts, John Stuart and Barbara Turner, to abandon their research. Their refusal led to terrible consequences. Abductees are said to receive messages from space beings warning of suffering if humanity does not cease nuclear and chemical weapons production and protect biodiversity and the environment.

The "Subtle Body" and Metamorphosis

Fairies and OVNI Occupants

The article draws parallels between the "invisible walking humanoids" of Warminster, England (1965), and ghosts, suggesting a connection between the country's tradition of ghost stories and the peculiar OVNI sightings. Witnesses reported seeing tall, silver-clad beings that would disappear when illuminated or become transparent under moonlight. These beings sometimes appeared only partially, with legs and feet not visible.

Otherworldly Journeys

Accounts of abductions often include a seven-stage process, with the fifth stage involving a journey to another world or reality, possibly on a spacecraft or to alien planets.

Nature Spirits

Ufological accounts include descriptions of extraterrestrials collecting stones and plants from landing sites. They are also said to frequent lakes, rivers, and water bodies to extract elements, and explore mineral deposits and mines, akin to "earth-dwelling sprites."

Metamorphosed Beings

The chupacabra is presented as a hybrid animal-alien created through genetic engineering. OVNI themselves are sometimes described as "living entities" that can metamorphose, merging or separating into multiple parts. Cases of gelatinous masses and luminous spheres that take on human-like forms are also mentioned.

The Devil and Disease

Folklorist Peter Rojcewicz suggests that "Men in Black" are a modern version of ancient legends about devilish visitors. The article links OVNI phenomena to demonology, citing cases of individuals being horribly burned by OVNIs or suffering severe illness after encounters. Some ufologists, after terrifying experiences, have concluded that "Satan" is behind the OVNI phenomenon, with several prominent researchers reportedly dying or committing suicide between 1969 and 1971, with the intervention of "Men in Black" not ruled out.

Cases of Diabolical Encounters

"Third Kind Encounters" are described as fitting traditional diabolical forms. Examples include a giant being with pincers and a "monster with terrible claws" with a red face, green eyes, and a sulfurous odor. Brazilian accounts from 1962 onwards describe spheres emitting fire and yellow smoke that abduct and suck blood from humans.

Individuals with Supernatural Gifts

Contactees are said to develop unusual gifts after their encounters, with some abductees becoming "healers" or "seers."

Mythical Animals and Plants

The chupacabra is mentioned again as a mythical "being." Other figures include "ummities" and "contactist" extraterrestres like Captain Adoniesis and Commander Ashtar Sherán.

Treasures

OVNIs are said to protect hidden Inca gold in the Salta region of Argentina, and ancient buried ruins are considered "ufological attraction centers."

Religious Legends

Many accounts from "saucer cults" fall into this category.

Explanations and Symbolic Meanings

Explanations

The article argues that many OVNI phenomena fit within the framework of classic folklore narratives. It presents rationalist and scientific explanations, such as Dr. Hynek's "swamp gas" theory for Michigan sightings and the Argentine National Animal Health Service's explanation for cattle mutilations (linking it to the red-backed vole). The "Belgian wave" of 1989/90 is discussed, with the F-117 aircraft proposed as a possible explanation, though deemed unsustainable by Bertrand Méheust.

"Counter-Rumors"

Conventional explanations like "electrical phenomena caused by cumulonimbus," "the planet Venus," and "hallucinations due to sunstroke" are labeled as "counter-rumors" – prosaic arguments that are as unfounded and legendary as the phenomena they aim to refute.

Emotional and Symbolic Basis

The analysis of these narratives suggests that they tap into fundamental emotional mechanisms that shape human beings. The study of folklore can help understand the diffusion, integration, function, and values present in these accounts.

Hadas, OVNI, and Problems of Knowledge

The "Subtle Body"

Peter M. Rojcewicz explores the relationship between fairies and OVNIs, focusing on the relativity of knowledge and humanity's detachment from the world. He uses anomalous folklore beliefs to examine problems of reliable human knowledge. The belief in a "subtle body"—an invisible, subtle, and dynamic envelope of the soul—is ancient and connects the mortal psyche with the universe's subtle nature.

Fairies and Angels

Fairies are described as "intermediate beings between man and angel," with variable light bodies. They are neither purely flesh nor spirit and can alter their forms. Unlike angels, fairies are considered more elemental and animalistic, closer to human daily life.

Luminosity and Vision

The luminescent nature of fairies, OVNIs, and their occupants raises questions about illumination and vision. This appears in the perceptions, memories, and states of consciousness of witnesses.

Shape-Shifting

Fairies can change their forms at will, appearing as animated or inanimate objects. OVNIs also exhibit shape-shifting abilities, subdividing, multiplying, or merging. Some reports describe OVNIs passing through physical objects without effect.

The Cloud-Mist Phenomenon

The appearance of clouds and mist is common in fairy and OVNI encounters, making them difficult to observe and understand. Fairies' "glamour" or "pishoge" (enchantment) can make witnesses see only what the fairies wish them to see, creating illusions.

The Nature of Knowledge

The article posits that postmodern human knowledge is subjective, with the mind only knowing its internal phenomena. "Real" reality manifests when our constructed maps of reality break down. The subjective nature of knowledge complicates the study of anomalous folklore.

The "Subtle Body" Revisited

The "subtle body" is described as a hybrid state of matter and spirit, difficult to grasp. It questions the criteria of physicality and suggests that subatomic particles exist beyond the range of our instruments. Fairies and OVNIs are not "things" in an absolute sense but phenomena of multiple presence, often perceived as ethereal and abstract.

The Role of Light

Light is a recurring motif in mystical and religious experiences, and its association with fairies and OVNIs is significant. The article links this to concepts of revelation, prophecy, and illumination, referencing philosophical ideas from Plato and St. Augustine.

The "Angokok" and Crístic Consciousness

Inuit shamans have a spirit called "Angokok" that grants illumination and allows them to see in the dark. Betty Andreasson-Luca's abduction experience involved captors telling her she had not "understood the word" and was not "full of light," to which she responded by affirming her belief in being "full of light," linking it to "crístic consciousness."

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The issue consistently explores the parallels between folklore, mythology, and OVNI phenomena, suggesting that many reported encounters with extraterrestrials can be understood through the lens of ancient myths and archetypes. The magazine appears to adopt a stance that acknowledges the subjective nature of human knowledge and perception, suggesting that these anomalous phenomena may be deeply rooted in the human psyche and cultural traditions. The editorial line seems to favor exploring these connections rather than definitively proving or disproving the existence of extraterrestrials, emphasizing the symbolic and psychological dimensions of these beliefs.

Title: LA NAVE DE LOS LOCOS
Issue: N° 21/22
Date: Marzo de 2003
Document Type: Magazine Issue

Main Cover Headline

HELICÓPTEROS, OVNIS Y LA PSIQUE*

Cover Description

The cover features a lithograph titled 'máquina aérea' (aerial machine) which resembles a UFO and a helicopter, with a child holding a toy helicopter in a 15th-century French painting.

Key Articles and Themes

This issue of "La Nave de los Locos" delves into the intriguing and often uncanny connections between helicopters, Unidentified Flying Objects (UFOs), and the human psyche. The central thesis explores how these seemingly disparate phenomena might be intertwined through folklore, mythology, psychology, and even technological development.

The Fairy-Human Equation

The article begins by discussing the nature of encounters with 'fairies,' noting how these experiences can distort the perception of time and reality. It highlights the idea that human perception plays a role in constructing these encounters, suggesting a symbiotic relationship between the perceiver and the perceived entity. This concept is extended to other extraordinary beings, including the 'Men in Black,' who are presented as modern manifestations of demonic figures, warning witnesses of UFO encounters to remain silent. The text posits an interactive equation between UFOs and humans, where human anticipation and the nature of what is perceived contribute to the experience, suggesting that UFOs might be, in part, our own creation, reflecting the universe and our own minds.

Helicopters as Archetypal Symbols

A significant portion of the magazine is dedicated to exploring the symbolic resonance of helicopters, particularly in relation to UFOs. The article notes the frequent association of 'phantom helicopters' with UFO phenomena and cattle mutilations. These phantom helicopters are often described as silent, unmarked, and capable of abnormal flight. The text draws parallels between the characteristics of these craft and reports of UFOs, suggesting a potential transmogrification or a shared underlying phenomenon.

#### Arthur Young and the 'Psychopter'

The work of Arthur Young, a designer of the Bell Model 47 helicopter, is examined. Young's writings reveal a deep fascination with the helicopter, which he viewed as a metaphor for the evolving self, or 'psychopter.' He saw the helicopter as a vessel for exploring his own mind and body, suggesting a profound connection between technological design and internal psychological processes. His intense involvement with psychic and metaphysical phenomena further underscores this link.

#### Igor Sikorsky's Dreams

The article also touches upon the dreams of Igor Sikorsky, the renowned aeronautical engineer. One of his dreams, described as walking through a luxuriously decorated corridor with electric lighting and a sense of vibration, is compared to the conception of a flying saucer, hinting at an early, perhaps subconscious, connection between advanced aerial vehicles and the unknown.

#### Cinematic and Literary Portrayals

The issue analyzes how helicopters are depicted in films and literature, often associating them with fear, the supernatural, and mythological figures. Films like "Apocalypse Now!," "Blue Thunder," and "Iceman" are discussed, where helicopters are portrayed as demonic, divine, or as symbols of transformation and judgment. The 'trickster' archetype, prominent in Native American folklore and figures like Hermes/Mercurio, is frequently linked to helicopters, representing both creative potential and deception.

#### The 'Trickster' and Mutilations

The article explores the 'trickster' figure's association with mutilation in various mythologies, drawing parallels to the reported mutilations of cattle linked to UFOs and helicopters. This connection suggests that the 'trickster' motif, with its themes of dismemberment and transformation, might be a recurring element in anomalous phenomena.

Technological Innovation as Psychic Manifestation

Ultimately, the magazine proposes that technological inventions, including the helicopter, can be seen as a form of 'three-dimensional hieroglyph.' These inventions are not merely logical outcomes of consciousness but may also be material manifestations of our subconscious projections and archetypal imagery. The helicopter, in this view, becomes a tangible representation of our attempts to embody and understand deeper, often unconscious, psychic forces.

Addenda: Responses and Further Inquiries

The 'Addenda' section addresses the reception of the article, noting that some believers in 'hard' UFO theories found the psychological approach unconvincing. However, it reiterates the frequent association of helicopters with UFO incidents and cattle mutilations. The article concludes by emphasizing that the frequency and typicality of the helicopter-UFO connection are the most important aspects for analysis, regardless of the verifiability of individual incidents. It suggests that our limited vocabulary and familiar concepts lead us to interpret unknown phenomena, like UFOs, using familiar terms, such as 'helicopters.'

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The recurring themes in this issue revolve around the intersection of the paranormal, mythology, psychology, and technology. The magazine consistently explores how human consciousness, folklore, and cultural narratives shape our understanding and interpretation of anomalous phenomena, particularly UFOs. The editorial stance appears to favor a psychological and symbolic interpretation of these events, suggesting that they may be manifestations of our inner world rather than purely external, physical occurrences. There is a consistent effort to link modern phenomena like UFO sightings to ancient myths and archetypes, positing that these are not entirely new but rather reconfigurations of timeless human concerns and symbolic patterns.

This issue of "La Nave de los Locos" (March 2003, No. 21/22) features a cover story titled "UFOLOGÍA Y BRUJERÍA" (Ufology and Witchcraft) by Thierry Pinvidic, exploring the historical and cultural connections between these two seemingly disparate subjects. The magazine also includes an article by James Oberg titled "GIGANTESCO OVNI SOBRE DOS CONTINENTES" (Gigantic UFO Over Two Continents), detailing a significant UFO sighting.

UFOLOGÍA Y BRUJERÍA

Thierry Pinvidic, a social anthropologist, draws parallels between the historical treatment of witchcraft by medieval theologians and the modern scientific and cultural approach to UFOs. He notes that both phenomena have been subjects of intense debate and scrutiny, often viewed with skepticism or as manifestations of psychological or social phenomena.

Pinvidic references ancient texts and beliefs, comparing the medieval understanding of demons and their influence to modern ufological theories, particularly the 'psycho-social hypothesis' which posits that UFO sightings might be projections of the human psyche or cultural constructs.

He discusses various historical figures and their contributions to understanding witchcraft and the supernatural, such as Pierre Crespet, Pierre Leloyer, Martín Antonio del Río, Francois Hedelin, and Augustin Nicolas. These figures, in their time, grappled with explaining phenomena that challenged conventional understanding, much like modern ufologists.

The article highlights how historical inquisitors and modern ufologists alike have sought to categorize and explain anomalous events, sometimes resorting to similar explanatory frameworks, such as 'diabolical distortion' and 'platillizante distortion' (UFO-related distortion).

Pinvidic also touches upon the idea of 'psychic therapy' for those experiencing 'possession' in historical contexts, suggesting a precursor to modern psychological approaches to unexplained phenomena.

He concludes that the major challenge in ufology is fundamentally a cultural one, reflecting the enduring human tendency to interpret the unknown through existing cultural and philosophical lenses. The article suggests that history does not repeat itself but rather 'stutters,' indicating recurring patterns in human thought and interpretation.

GIGANTESCO OVNI SOBRE DOS CONTINENTES

James Oberg reports on a spectacular UFO case that occurred on June 14, 1980, which was witnessed by numerous high-caliber individuals, including airline pilots and military officers.

The incident unfolded in three phases. The first phase involved massive sightings in central Russia, where ufologist Félix Zigel documented accounts from about forty witnesses. The second phase occurred about an hour later over South America, observed in five countries and photographed. A third, unconfirmed phase was reported near Morocco.

In Russia, the object was described as an "immense" (over 120 meters wide), reddish-orange, "horseshoe-shaped" object. The sighting caused panic in Moscow, with people fearing the end of the world or a nuclear attack.

In South America, the object was described as a luminous green cloud of considerable angular magnitude, or a "circular flying mass." Pilots and air traffic controllers reported seeing it as a point on radar or a dark sphere with a luminous border. Photographs showed a donut-shaped cloud.

Dr. Willy Smith, a CUFOS investigator, estimated the UFO-cloud to be at an altitude of 200-300 kilometers and moving at a speed of one to two kilometers per second.

Hendry's investigation suggested a possible connection to high-altitude barium experiments, but no ionospheric evidence was found. The object's high speed at such an altitude was particularly noteworthy.

Later, in May 1981, information about the Russian phase of the case emerged, linking it to a Soviet "Kosmos-1188" satellite launched on June 14, 1980. The orbital inclination of the satellite closely matched the calculated trajectory of the UFO, suggesting a potential connection.

Another independent event involved a "smoky halo" UFO sighted and photographed on October 31, 1981, in Argentina and Chile. This object was described as a flying saucer moving at high speed.

Notes and References

The issue includes extensive notes and references, citing numerous books, articles, and researchers in the fields of ufology, folklore, psychology, and history. These references support the arguments made throughout the articles, providing a scholarly basis for the discussions.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The recurring themes in this issue are the historical parallels between different anomalous phenomena (witchcraft, possession, UFOs), the psychological and cultural interpretations of these events, and the ongoing debate between conventional scientific explanations and alternative hypotheses. The editorial stance appears to be one of critical inquiry, exploring various perspectives and encouraging readers to consider the complex interplay of folklore, psychology, and potential physical realities in understanding these phenomena.

This issue of "LA NAVE DE LOS LOCOS" (The Ship of Fools), issue number 21/22 from March 2003, delves into two primary topics: the potential connection between Soviet satellite launches and UFO sightings, and a detailed account of the "Gas of the Swamps" incident in Michigan.

The Kosmos Satellite Connection

The article posits that many reported UFO sightings, particularly those in South America, can be explained by the launch sequences of Soviet Kosmos 'Early Warning' (EW) satellites. It meticulously details the launch process of the 'Molniya' rocket, including the separation of stages and the trajectory of the payload. Three specific incidents are highlighted:

• February 12, 1980: The launch of Kosmos-1164 was followed by sightings of a green cloud and a yellow star over Cerro Tololo shortly after its launch.
• June 14, 1980: The launch of Kosmos-1188 preceded sightings of a V-shaped formation with a bright yellow object over South America.
• October 31, 1981: The launch of Kosmos-1317 was followed by a sighting over Argentina.

The author notes the temporal proximity between these satellite launches and the aerial phenomena, suggesting it's more than a coincidence. The article explains that the fourth stage of the rocket ignites at an altitude of 650 kilometers over the Southern Hemisphere, potentially creating visible phenomena. It also draws a parallel to the "medusa" UFO incident in Petrozavodsk, which was attributed to the launch of Kosmos-955.

The analysis suggests that the fourth stage of the EW satellites is the most likely culprit for the observed clouds, as it completes its burn over South America. A Brazilian sighting from June 14 corroborates this, with a cloud observed disintegrating over the northeast for nearly half an hour. The article contrasts the symmetrical clouds of Kosmos-1188 with the asymmetrical ones from the Apollo S4B program, noting the rapid expansion rates of the Kosmos clouds.

It is also mentioned that reports of UFOs in Morocco might be linked to the Kosmos-EW's flight path. The article touches upon the dynamic transformation of the Soviet early warning satellite network in the early 1980s, with an increase in operational satellites.

The 'Gas of the Swamps' Incident (Michigan, 1966)

This section provides a detailed chronological account of a series of UFO sightings that occurred in Dexter, Michigan, on March 14, 1966. The incident began around 3:50 a.m. when local police officers reported seeing fast-moving, disco-shaped objects with sharp turns and high maneuverability.

• Early Reports: Police officers Buford Bushroe and John Foster described objects moving rapidly, making sharp turns, and exhibiting incredible maneuverability. Other police departments in Livingston, Monroe, and Ypsilanti counties also reported sightings.
• Air Force Involvement: The Selfridge Air Force Base reported detecting objects on radar over Lake Erie but could not identify them. They contacted Detroit Operations for information.
• Witness Descriptions: Police Captain Broderick and his aide Patterson described a bright light appearing over Ypsilanti, resembling a star but moving east. The objects were described as moving in formation, with one object remaining stationary at a low altitude.
• Photographic Evidence: Police officer David Fitzpatrick, along with Sergeant Nuel K. Schneider, later photographed objects that remained static in the sky before ascending or descending rapidly. Fitzpatrick's photos, taken with a 10-12 minute exposure, reportedly showed yellow lights.
• The Mannors Family Sighting: On the night of March 16, Frank Mannors and his family witnessed a bright object in a swampy area. It hovered, descended, and ascended, changing colors from white to red and blue, and appeared to rotate. The object was described as pyramid-shaped, with a blue-green light on one side and a white light on the other, later turning a deep crimson.
• Investigation and Lack of Trace: Police investigated the Mannors' property but found no physical evidence, and Geiger-Muller counters detected no abnormal radioactivity.
• Hillsdale Sighting: On March 21, near Hillsdale, Michigan, several professors and 87 students from a mixed secondary school witnessed lights in a swamp, with Director of Civil Defense William Van Horn also observing the objects through binoculars. The objects were described as deviating, wobbling, and shining, disappearing when police arrived and reappearing when they left.

The article notes that the objects were not easily identifiable and that some witnesses described them as having a surface like coral. The incident sparked significant public interest, with crowds gathering at the Mannors' property.

Elements of Ovnilogía (Ufology)

The latter part of the magazine features "Capítulo II: Filosofía de la Tarea Ovnilógica" by Lic. Milton Hourcade. This section outlines the philosophical underpinnings and methodology of ufology as a scientific endeavor.

• Definition: Ovnilogía is defined as the application of scientific methodology to investigate, study, conclude, and comparatively analyze UFO reports.
• Multidisciplinarity: It emphasizes the need for collaboration with professionals from various scientific and technical fields.
• Universality: The phenomenon is considered global, requiring awareness of all related research and developments in astronomy, meteorology, and aerospace technology.
• Own Approach: The need for a national perspective and approach to ufological research is stressed.
• Non-Subsidiarity: Research should not be dependent on foreign interests or perspectives but firmly rooted in the country's own context.
• Areas of Interest: Ovnilogía covers theoretical aspects (scientific, technical, health, ecological defense, production protection) and practical aspects (sovereignty, internal order).
• Interpretive Problem: The nature of UFOs is complex, involving psychological factors, unusual natural phenomena, and unconventional technologies, as well as misidentified conventional objects.
• Principle of Parsimony: The article advocates for seeking the simplest explanation that fits the evidence, starting with the most probable hypotheses.
• Optimization: The goal is to optimize the application of scientific methods, instrumentation, and analysis.
• Object of Ovnilogía: Understanding the nature, functioning, and characteristics of UFOs, as well as their effects on humans, fauna, flora, the environment, and socio-cultural impact.
• Initial Factors: Investigations rely on witness testimonies and environmental data, including recordings and sensor readings.
• Validity of Reports: Reports are initially operational but gain validity when, after thorough investigation, the phenomenon remains unidentifiable by known natural or artificial means.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The magazine consistently explores the intersection of scientific and technological advancements (particularly in space exploration) with unexplained aerial phenomena. The editorial stance appears to favor rational, evidence-based investigation, seeking to demystify UFO reports by identifying conventional explanations, such as satellite launches or atmospheric events. However, it also acknowledges the existence of phenomena that remain unexplained, classifying them as "Unidentified" based on the lack of conventional explanations. The publication aims to provide a platform for detailed case studies and methodological discussions within the field of ufology.

Title: LA NAVE DE LOS LOCOS
Issue: 21/22
Date: March 2003

This issue of "LA NAVE DE LOS LOCOS" delves into the controversial UFO sightings that occurred in Michigan in March 1966, focusing on the explanations, media reactions, and subsequent investigations.

The Michigan Sightings and the 'Swamp Gas' Theory

The cover story highlights a petition concerning Professor Kelly Hearn and children's drawings of a UFO. The main narrative, however, centers on the events in Michigan, particularly the sightings in Dexter and Mannors. Initially, the phenomena were attributed to various causes, including unexplained lights and objects.

J. Allen Hynek, an astronomer and scientific consultant for the Air Force, became a central figure in explaining these events. The article details how Hynek, under pressure from the Air Force and the media, proposed the 'swamp gas' theory as a possible explanation for the lights observed in the Michigan swamps. This theory, which suggested that gases like nitrogen released from decaying vegetation could produce lights known as 'Fuegos Fatuos' (Will-o'-the-wisps), was presented by Hynek during a press conference.

However, the article suggests that the 'swamp gas' theory was not originally Hynek's idea. It credits two physics professors from Hillsdale College, Chihua Wu Hsiung and Tyler Pett, with proposing that 'swamp gas' or St. Elmo's fire, magnified by temperature inversion, could explain the lights. Hynek reportedly learned of this explanation and adopted it.

Media Frenzy and Congressional Interest

The 'swamp gas' explanation quickly became a subject of intense media attention, with many reports sensationalizing it and implying it was the sole cause of all UFO sightings in the area. This led to public ridicule, with Michigan being dubbed 'The Swamp Gas State'.

The controversy even reached the U.S. Capitol. Gerald R. Ford, then leader of the republican minority, and Michigan representative Weston E. Vivian, along with other legislators, called for a congressional investigation into the events.

Internal Air Force communications reveal Vivian's persistent demands for information regarding Hynek's press conference and his qualifications. Vivian questioned Hynek's background and his role in Project Blue Book.

Hynek's Role and Professional Conduct

The article critically examines J. Allen Hynek's role and professional conduct throughout the Michigan incident and his broader career in ufology. It portrays Hynek as an opportunist who sought media attention.

Hynek's explanation of the lights seen by police officers in Hillsdale, which he attributed to the star Arcturus, is also presented as an example of his attempts to explain away sightings. The article suggests that Hynek's explanations were often driven by external pressures and a desire for public recognition rather than rigorous scientific inquiry.

Furthermore, the article alleges that Hynek hired Allan Hendry, a respected UFO investigator, to conduct field research. When Hendry's conclusions debunked the extraterrestrial hypothesis, Hynek allegedly dismissed him from CUFOS (Center for UFO Studies), revealing a less-than-objective approach.

Other Cases and Explanations

The issue also touches upon other UFO-related incidents and explanations. It mentions a case where a photograph of a long-exposure astronomical object was presented as a UFO. Another incident involved individuals attempting to contact UFOs through mathematical formulas or musical tones.

Regarding the Michigan lights, the article reiterates that radar at Selfridge Air Base did not detect any anomalous objects, contradicting claims made by some journalists. Controllers at Willow Run Airport also reported no unusual radar activity.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The recurring themes in this issue include the sensationalism of media reporting on UFO phenomena, the role of scientific consultants in government investigations, and the potential for misinterpretation and public hysteria. The editorial stance appears critical of J. Allen Hynek's methods and motivations, portraying him as someone who prioritized public relations and personal gain over objective scientific investigation. The article suggests that many UFO sightings can be explained by natural phenomena, misidentification, or hoaxes, but also acknowledges that some cases remain unexplained.

Title: LA NAVE DE LOS LOCOS
Issue: N° 21/22
Date: Marzo de 2003

This issue of "La Nave de los Locos" (The Ship of Fools) delves into the controversial claims of human cloning by the Raëlian movement, the media's role in sensationalizing such events, and various UFO sightings and related phenomena. It features articles analyzing the Raëlian movement's "show" of cloning, a UFO conference held in Viña del Mar, Chile, and a critical look at the concept of proof and truth in the context of these claims.

Cloning News: The Raëlian Show... Should It Continue?

This extensive article by Alejandro Agostinelli critically examines the Raëlian movement's claims of human cloning, particularly the announcement of 'Eva,' the first human clone, by Clonaid. The article highlights the media's initial generous coverage, which quickly turned into skepticism due to the lack of evidence. Brigitte Boisselier, the Raëlian bishop and scientific director of Clonaid, made sensational announcements without providing any verifiable proof, such as DNA tests or interviews with the supposed cloned baby's family.

The article suggests that the Raëlian movement, led by Claude Raël Vorilhon, uses sensational claims to gain publicity, following the adage that "the only thing worse than bad press is no press at all." Raël himself is quoted as saying that even if the claims are untrue, they serve to communicate their message. The movement's strategy appears to be to maintain doubt and keep the story alive, benefiting from continuous media attention. The legal intervention by a Florida lawyer, Bernard Siegel, to place the supposed cloned baby under judicial custody, is seen as a potential turning point, risking the exposure of a potential fraud.

Agostinelli discusses the Raëlian philosophy, which posits that humans are alien creations and that cloning is a path to eternal life. He contrasts this with scientific understanding, citing Josep Egozcue, a professor of Cellular Biology, who states that a clone is not an identical copy of its model. The article questions the media's interest in the "truth" versus the sensationalism of the story, noting that the Raëlian movement provides "good material" for media consumption.

The article also touches upon the Raëlian movement's history of controversial statements and actions, including claims of cloning celebrities and historical figures. It highlights the movement's financial backing and its strategy of leveraging media attention to promote its agenda, even if it means sacrificing credibility.

Raël and the Press: Guaranteed Mutual Benefit

This section further explores the symbiotic relationship between the Raëlian movement and the media. It notes how the media's initial coverage of Raël's claims, including the alleged human clone, eventually led to skepticism as no proof was presented. The article points out that Raël and his spokespeople have used ambivalence and even humor to downplay the lack of evidence, suggesting that the "scientific joke" allowed them to communicate their message.

The article contrasts the Raëlian movement's approach with traditional scientific verification, suggesting that they operate under different criteria. It mentions Susan Palmer's research on the Raëlian movement, noting that supporters are often drawn to the message and community rather than Raël's charisma. The movement's embrace of causes like homosexual rights and abortion has garnered sympathy, particularly among the youth.

The piece questions whether the Raëlian movement's claims of "extraterrestrial science" are a substitute for religion and whether their followers are willing to accept these claims without demanding proof, especially given the potential legal repercussions of failed cloning attempts.

Truth? And Who Cares About Truth?

This section questions the definition of truth in the context of the Raëlian movement and its claims. It argues that the popular stereotype of cloning as creating indistinguishable genetic replicas is false, and that Raël's claims of transferring personality are unscientific. The article criticizes the Raëlian movement's use of "scientific" arguments to legitimize their agenda and their reliance on media attention rather than verifiable evidence.

It highlights the financial aspects of the Raëlian movement, with potential clients willing to pay significant sums for cloning services. The article also touches upon the legal status of Clonaid's parent company, Valiant Venture Ltd., which was reportedly a P.O. box in the Bahamas, acquired for a minimal cost.

The Treasure Island, or a Post Office Box in the Bahamas

This section reports on a press conference by Gabriel Barra, a representative of the Raëlian Church for Ibero-America and Spain, who announced the birth of the first South American clone in Brazil by the end of 2003. The article notes that the Raëlians have become accustomed to announcing "alien primicias" without providing proof, knowing that they will still be considered newsworthy. The media's willingness to report these claims without verification is questioned.

Barra is quoted as saying that the media were "too generous" and that even when they present proof, they might not be believed. He also suggested that as representatives of a minority religion, they should be given the benefit of the doubt, unlike a Catholic priest. The article points out the contradiction in the Raëlian movement defining itself as a "scientific religion" while relying on faith-based promises.

AION: Seeking Contact in Viña del Mar

This article covers a UFO conference organized by AION (Agrupación de Investigación Ovnilógica) in Viña del Mar, Chile. The event featured several speakers, including Ernesto Escobar, Rodrigo Fuenzalida, Enrique Silva, and Raúl Núñez. Escobar presented cases of humanoid encounters in Angol, Chile, while Fuenzalida discussed theoretical aspects of UFO phenomena and presented recent images.

Enrique Silva spoke about the possibility of extraterrestrial life, receiving prolonged applause. Raúl Núñez, a Chilean living in Spain, discussed his friendship with the late Antonio Rivera and alluded to a possible Nazi connection related to UFOs. The conference was noted for its entertaining presentations, though some speakers had to shorten their talks due to time constraints, and there was little time for audience questions.

The article concludes that the event remained within tolerable "ufological radiation" margins, with entertaining presentations. It suggests that future UFO conferences should have more grounded titles, as the "contact" promised in the promotional material seemed distant.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The magazine consistently adopts a critical and skeptical stance towards sensational claims, particularly those made by the Raëlian movement regarding cloning. It emphasizes the importance of verifiable evidence and questions the motives behind such announcements, often attributing them to a desire for publicity and financial gain. The publication also covers UFO phenomena but tends to frame them within a context of investigation and skepticism, rather than outright belief. The editorial stance appears to favor a rational and evidence-based approach to extraordinary claims, while acknowledging the public's fascination with such topics. The recurring theme is the interplay between media, sensationalism, and the pursuit of truth, often highlighting how the former can overshadow the latter.

This issue of "La Nave de los Locos" from March 2003, titled "LA NAVE DE LOS LOCOS Nº 21/22", features a prominent interview with Luis Altamirano, a Chilean ufologist, under the headline "SIN ESCÉPTICOS, ESTO SERÍA LA LOCURA TOTAL" (Without skeptics, this would be total madness). The magazine also includes articles on investigator Philip Klass, the UFO phenomenon in Angol, Chile, and an interview with Héctor Escobar, a Mexican ufologist of Chilean origin.

Interview with Luis Altamirano

Luis Altamirano, an oriundo of Valdivia, is presented as one of the most recognized ufologists in the "platillista" (UFO enthusiast) community in Chile, though less known by the media. His work has involved an exhaustive search for UFO news in the Chilean press over several decades. He has collaborated on a book with Juan Guillermo Prado about the history of Chilean ufology. Altamirano recalls the early days of UFO interest in 1957, coinciding with the Sputnik launch and the space race, and the "great wave" of 1965, which included Chilean cases, particularly UFOs from Antarctica. He also mentions the 1978 "OVNI with prior appointment" case in southern Chile, involving Pato Varela and shipowner Constantino Kochifas, which proved to be a hoax. The year 1978 is also noted for the restructuring of Chilean ufology following the spectacular events of 1977, leading to the formation of CIO (Centro de Investigación OVNI) with members like Hugo Pacheco, Luis Riquelme, Aquiles Castillo, and Altamirano himself, aiming for serious investigation into areas like protohistoric UFOs and current cases.

Altamirano discusses his involvement with Pato Varela's radio program and the announcement of a book that never materialized. He highlights the "Hernández case" in Quebrada de Macul, which was later exposed as a fraud, noting that most CIO investigators did not fall for it. He also touches upon the "Mission RAMA" phenomenon of the eighties and the CIO's publication "Agnitio". His favorite UFO book is "Lo imaginario en el contacto OVNI" by Dennis Stillings, followed by Robert Scheaffer's "Veredicto OVNI".

Despite acknowledging the dwindling evidence for UFOs over decades and the justification for skepticism, Altamirano maintains that there is "something real" behind the phenomenon. He believes the key lies in the early years of ufology, citing Project Sign, Ruppelt, Keyhoe, and early CIA interventions. He emphasizes the North American origin of the UFO topic, which he feels explains many aspects.

Altamirano values the role of skeptics, stating that without them, UFOlogy would be "total madness," citing the Ray Santilli autopsy case as an example where skeptics' reactions were crucial. He describes the Chilean UFO scene as characterized by "videomania" and superficial theoretical training, with an imprudent tendency to reproduce online content. He views the CEFAA organization positively for providing a platform for UFO groups. He expresses gratitude to several individuals for their support, including Liliana Núñez, Alberto Urquiza, Luis Riquelme, Juan Guillermo Prado, Juan Palma, Rodrigo Fuenzalida, Antonio Huneeus, and Raúl Núñez.

Philip Klass: An Honest Investigator

This section, written by Milton Hourcade, profiles Philip J. Klass, described as a principal debunker of UFO mythology and a tenacious opponent of the subject. Hourcade recounts meeting Klass, who, despite deteriorating health after surgery, generously provided personal archives for a project. Hourcade found Klass's book "UFO Abductions: A Dangerous Game" to be well-reasoned and helpful in contextualizing the topic.

Hourcade notes that Klass's books often present information that other ufologists omit, raising questions about whether these omissions are due to ignorance, lack of investigation, or deliberate concealment to bolster cases. Klass's explanations sometimes seem forced or convoluted, particularly when he resorts to extrapolation to explain cases. Hourcade criticizes Klass's tendency to explain away UFO sightings as natural plasma formations related to thunderstorms or high-tension lines, arguing that this reductionism is unscientific. He also points out that Klass's focus on extraterrestrial craft as the primary alternative, while trying to oppose it, can lead to unconvincing explanations.

Despite these criticisms, Hourcade concludes that Klass is a valuable investigator and should be respected for his contributions. He highlights Klass's numerous awards, including the Lauren D. Lyman Award and the Royal Aeronautical Society's Boeing Prize, and his long career as an aviation electronics editor. The naming of asteroid 1983 RM2.7277 as 'Klass' by the International Astronomical Union is also mentioned. Hourcade emphasizes Klass's intellectual honesty as his most appreciated quality.

The Angol Phenomenon: Anatomy of a Myth with a Person's Name

This article by Héctor Méndez O. investigates the UFO phenomenon in Angol, Chile, a city that has become known as a UFO hotspot, particularly during summer. The author notes a connection between most sightings and a common denominator: Raúl Gajardo Leopold, a retired Carabiniere and controversial ufologist.

Gajardo invited the author to Angol after an old publication in the "Ovnivisión" magazine. Gajardo's narratives, described as "science fiction novel"-like, revealed a desperate need to be heard. The author visited Angol and participated in a vigil at "Las Piñas", a viewpoint, which yielded no results.

The article suggests that the Angol phenomenon has strong sociological aspects and a lack of critical rigor. Gajardo's claims are presented as part of a pattern of sensationalism. The author recounts visiting Butaco, another site of alleged sightings, and finding evidence of campfires and shotgun cartridges, suggesting mundane explanations.

A second account, "The Martian Gelatin", details a reported sighting of a fan-shaped UFO and two humanoid figures in Angol in February of the same year (2003). This event attracted significant media attention and various UFO investigation groups, including GEO led by Alberto Urquiza. The alleged "landing" site produced a sample of water with a "gelatinous" consistency, which ufologists claimed had unusual chlorination levels. However, laboratory analysis revealed it to be common gastronomic gelatin, likely used in desserts, debunking this aspect of the case.

A third account, "The Use of the Media", discusses how media outlets have been used to promote the Angol phenomenon. The author criticizes Gajardo for misrepresenting the timeline of events and for his possessive attitude towards the Angol phenomenon. The article suggests that many sightings are orchestrated, with individuals using PVC suits and adapted flashlights to simulate extraterrestrial encounters. This "criollo Roswell" marketing aims to create an atmosphere of expectation and attract media attention.

The "Conclusions" section states that while daytime and nighttime object sightings are real and documented, many incidents in Angol are planned for personal gain by both local and foreign "investigators". A significant percentage of videos and photographs from Angol can be reproduced using simple tricks, though a smaller portion remains unexplained, potentially due to geological factors. The article aims not to discredit Angol as a "hot zone" but to highlight how the phenomenon has been exploited by unscrupulous individuals.

Héctor Escobar in Chile

This article by Sergio Sánchez details a visit from Héctor Escobar Sotomayor, a prominent skeptical ufologist from Mexico, to Chile. Escobar, originally from Chile, left the country with his parents after the 1973 military coup and settled in Mexico, where he became a psychoanalyst and philosopher. He is known for his debates with "vociferous charlatans" on television.

Escobar expresses respect for CSICOP but disagrees with their "aprioristic institutional posture" on psychoanalysis, which he considers reductionist and anachronistic. He discusses the Mexican UFO scene, including the work of Maussán and the magazine "Perspectivas Ufológicas". The article notes that Escobar uses his second surname, Sotomayor, when writing about UFOs to maintain his academic credibility.

Escobar left a positive impression as an affable, simple, and intelligent individual. The article concludes by expressing a desire for more such encounters.

"REMEMBRANCES OF THE FUTURE" BY VON DÄNIKEN: SCIENCE OR CHARLATANISM?

Written by Robert Sheaffer, this section critically examines the claims made by Erich Von Däniken in his book "Chariots of the Gods?" (translated as "Recuerdos del futuro"). Sheaffer questions whether Von Däniken's theories about ancient astronauts, extraterrestrial involvement in ancient monuments, and human coexistence with dinosaurs are based on science or charlatanism.

Sheaffer points out that Von Däniken's book, first published in 1974, had already sold millions of copies, with sequels also performing well. He notes that the popularity of such sensational theories tends to make them self-sustaining, regardless of their factual basis. Sheaffer highlights Von Däniken's claim that science fears confronting the truth. He then proceeds to analyze some of Von Däniken's assertions, starting with a purported "fundamental rocket equation" presented by Von Däniken, which Sheaffer demonstrates is not an equation at all, but a mathematical statement of equality. He also criticizes the presence of a strange constant, "UNO" (ONE), in the denominator of a term.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The magazine consistently explores UFO phenomena, often contrasting skeptical viewpoints with those of believers. There's a strong emphasis on critical analysis, debunking hoaxes, and examining the role of media in sensationalizing UFO reports. The editorial stance appears to favor rigorous investigation and a healthy dose of skepticism, while acknowledging that some unexplained phenomena may exist. The magazine also highlights the historical development of ufology, particularly in Chile and Mexico, and the personalities involved in the field. The Angol case serves as a prime example of how media attention, personal agendas, and potential fraud can complicate the investigation of UFO sightings.

This issue of "La Nave de los Locos" (The Ship of Fools), number 21/22, dated March 2003, delves into critical analyses of popular UFO and ancient astronaut theories, primarily focusing on the work of Erich von Däniken and Milton Hourcade's book "OVNIS. LA AGENDA SECRETA" (UFOs. The Secret Agenda).

Critiques of Erich von Däniken

The magazine begins by dissecting claims made by Erich von Däniken, questioning his scientific rigor. Professor Ackeret's multiplication by one is cited as an example of a simplistic argument used by von Däniken. The article challenges von Däniken's assertion that a satellite was captured by Earth and later replaced by the Moon, pointing out inconsistencies with Kepler's laws and the implications for Earth's climate during the Ice Age. It also refutes von Däniken's claims about ancient Egyptian astronomy and the visibility of Sirius, stating that Sirius is easily visible and its appearance was a regular marker for the Nile's flooding, not necessarily evidence of alien contact. The article accuses von Däniken of employing "half-truths" and deliberate deception to support his theories.

The Great Pyramid and Ancient Astronomy

Von Däniken's assertion that the Great Pyramid of Keops' base divided by twice its height yields the value of Pi (3.1416) is scrutinized. The article explains that Pi is a dimensionless constant and cannot be derived from physical measurements like a radius, suggesting this is a mathematical trick to create an illusion of ancient knowledge. The Maya's knowledge of Venus's 584-day cycle is also discussed, with the author noting that this is an apparent cycle from Earth's perspective, not the true Venusian year, and that understanding the true year would imply Copernican knowledge.

Milton Hourcade's "OVNIS. LA AGENDA SECRETA"

A significant portion of the magazine is dedicated to reviewing Milton Hourcade's e-book, "OVNIS. LA AGENDA SECRETA." Hourcade, founder of Uruguay's CIOVI, presents a hypothesis that UFOs are not necessarily extraterrestrial but could be secret weapons or advanced aerial technology developed by terrestrial powers, particularly the United States. The review highlights Hourcade's extensive documentation and his approach to making the "secret weapon hypothesis" more plausible by moving beyond traditional ufological explanations. The book reportedly examines military and intelligence activities, suggesting that many UFO sightings could be misidentified advanced aircraft or deliberate disinformation campaigns.

Hourcade's analysis of historical UFO cases, including the role of Donald E. Keyhoe, founder of NICAP, is discussed. The article suggests that Keyhoe may have been deliberately fed information by military authorities to serve a larger intelligence operation, creating controversy and controlling narratives. Hourcade also examines cases of "crashed UFOs" and suggests that the involved individuals might be human technicians working on secret military projects, rather than extraterrestrials.

The CIA and UFOs

The review mentions a chapter on the CIA's involvement in UFO research, citing Gerald Haines' work. It suggests that the CIA may have played a significant role in shaping the media's perception of UFO phenomena, including cases like Majestic 12 and Roswell. Hourcade believes that the Roswell incident was a case of deliberate disinformation and public manipulation, not necessarily to hide alien presence, but to conceal secret terrestrial projects.

Abductions: The John Mack Controversy

Milton Hourcade's analysis of Dr. John Mack's book on alien abductions is presented with strong skepticism. Hourcade meticulously examines the testimonies of Mack's 13 abductees, concluding that they exhibit characteristics of individuals prone to fantasy, delusion, and psychological disturbances, possibly exacerbated by their consumption of occult and ufological literature. Hourcade criticizes Mack for not conducting basic psychological tests to assess the mental state of his subjects. He argues that the narratives of "inner transformation" experienced by abductees might be a result of self-suggestion or induced suggestion, where initial resistance to an experience is processed and reframed as a positive psychological change. Hourcade suggests that the allure of abduction experiences, with promises of transcendence or special abilities, acts as a "teaser" to keep individuals engaged.

Hourcade posits that "manipulation of human beings by prosaic – but no less disturbing – terrestrial agencies" is at play, using psychological control methods on "experiencers." He cites CIA experiments as evidence of such clandestine activities, suggesting that the UFO phenomenon serves as a cover for "very terrestrial... and very murky activities." He quotes Hourcade stating that the cover-up must continue because the operators have chosen to act under the guise of UFOs to hide the "most stark reality of human beings committing acts that – in this respect – border on the criminal."

Final Opinion and Recurring Themes

Hourcade's book is deemed important and obligatory reading, challenging readers with its perspective. The review suggests that the UFO theme is destined to surprise us, but warns against becoming rigid in our beliefs and losing touch with the stark reality of testimonies. The concept of "memes" – ideas that reproduce and spread like selfish genes – is introduced as a potential explanation for how the UFO idea has captivated millions. The issue concludes by reiterating Hourcade's view that the creation of the UFO myth was a planned operation to achieve long-term strategic benefits, dividing people into those who knew and those who were manipulated.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

This issue strongly advocates for a skeptical and critical approach to UFO phenomena and ancient astronaut theories. It emphasizes the importance of rigorous scientific analysis and exposes alleged manipulation and deception in popular narratives. The editorial stance appears to favor terrestrial explanations for UFO sightings and abduction experiences, highlighting the role of intelligence agencies and psychological factors over extraterrestrial contact. The magazine aims to debunk sensationalism and encourage readers to question extraordinary claims, grounding interpretations in verifiable facts and logical reasoning.