JUFOF - Issue 181 - 2009 01

Magazine Overview

This issue of jufof (Journal für UFO-Forschung), Volume 30, Number 181, dated January 2009, is published by GEP e.V. and priced at 4.50 Euro. The cover prominently features the headline "Falsche Erinnerungen und UFO-Entführungen" (False Memories and UFO Abductions), indicating a significant focus on this topic, presented as Part 1 of an extensive study. Other featured articles include "Anmerkungen zur UFO-Forschung" (Remarks on UFO Research), an essay from 2003, and "UFO-Beobachtungen" (UFO Observations), covering sightings, documentation, and evaluations.

Editorial

The editorial, written by Hans-Werner Peiniger, addresses the significant delay in the publication of 'jufof', explaining that two issues are being combined to catch up. The reasons cited include an increased volume of UFO reports, the time required for writing articles, research, and preparing for print, and a decline in suitable articles from external authors, likely due to the prevalence of online platforms. Peiniger emphasizes the importance of 'jufof' as the sole German-language specialist journal for UFO research and appeals to readers for their continued support and contributions, whether through constructive suggestions or reader letters. He also encourages readers to engage with the GEP board regarding UFO-related topics. The editorial highlights two key articles in this issue: a multi-part scientific article on "Alien Abductions" by Thomas E. Bullard, translated by Ulrich Magin, and the aforementioned older essay on UFO research.

UFO Observations: Documentations – Evaluations

This section details two specific UFO sightings:

Dunkles Objekt über Dombach fotografiert (Dark Object Photographed over Dombach)

• Case Number: 20080427 A
• Date: April 27, 2008, 16:20 MESZ (14:20 UTC)
• Location: Bad Camberg – Dombach, Germany
• Witness: Oliver B.
• Classification: DD
• Evaluation: IFO / V2 (Identified Flying Object / Visual 2)
• Identification: Bird / Insect

Summary: The witness discovered an object on a landscape photograph taken during a walk. The object was small and appeared distant. The investigation concluded that it was likely a bird, possibly an insect, that flew through the frame during the long exposure. The blurred area above the object might be wing movement. No exotic explanation was deemed necessary.

Grüne Lichtstreifen am Himmel fotografiert (Green Light Streaks Photographed in the Sky)

• Case Number: 20090401 A
• Date: April 1, 2009, 02:19 MESZ (00:19 UTC)
• Location: Bremen – Lehe, Germany
• Witness: Arian S.
• Classification: NL (Not identified)
• Evaluation: IFO / V1 (Identified Flying Object / Visual 1)
• Identification: Lens reflections

Summary: The photographer captured two bright green streaks on a long exposure (1.5 seconds) while photographing lights on a bridge over the A27 highway. Initial discussions considered various possibilities, including aircraft, but flight data from Bremen Airport showed no flights during that time. Further analysis, prompted by a colleague's suggestion, involved comparing the green streaks to the headlights of a passing vehicle. By rotating and scaling an image of the vehicle's headlights, it was found that the shape and orientation of the streaks matched the vehicle's headlights. The green color was attributed to light filtering and reflection within the camera's lens system. The phenomenon was therefore determined to be an artifact of the camera, not an external object in the sky.

Falsche Erinnerungen und UFO-Entführungen – Teil 1 (False Memories and UFO Abductions – Part 1)

This is the first part of an extensive study by Thomas E. Bullard, translated by Ulrich Magin. The article begins by noting that most psychological studies identify abduction experiencers as mentally normal, yet mainstream psychologists often dismiss abduction reports as false memories of impossible events. This controversy is linked to the debate surrounding recovered memories of childhood sexual abuse and satanic ritual abuse, where some claim repressed memories are recovered, while others argue these are therapist-induced fantasies. The article posits that the processes involved in recovering memories of abuse are similar to those used in uncovering abduction experiences, suggesting that both correct and false memories can be formed. It highlights how some individuals create elaborate false memories with strong emotional conviction. However, a key difference emerges when alleged abuse victims exhibit psychological abnormalities, which abduction experiencers generally do not. The article also contrasts complex satanic ritual abuse reports with abduction accounts, finding the latter to possess a more consistent narrative structure. While acknowledging that people can create false memories of abductions, the author suggests that recovered memories of abuse may originate from false memory processes, whereas abduction memories might be independent.

The article further discusses how the UFO abduction phenomenon gained public awareness, particularly after John Fuller's 1966 book "The Interrupted Journey" about Barney and Betty Hill, and later through Whitley Strieber's "Communion" and popular media like "The X Files." The narrative consistency of abduction reports is examined, with Bullard presenting Table 1 (not included in the OCR text) which details the typical sequence of events, descriptions of beings, and spacecraft across different periods (1960s-1977, 1978-early 1987, and 1987-late 1990s). These reports, even when investigated by different researchers using various methods, show remarkable similarities. The article notes variations, such as medical and reproductive examinations being more common in adult experiencers than children. It also mentions elements like the 'mindscan' that can occur at different points in the abduction sequence. The author points out that while the phenomenon is widely discussed, the underlying causes and the nature of memory itself remain complex and uncertain, existing in a 'no man's land' between objective reality and subjective experience.

Anmerkungen zur UFO-Forschung (Remarks on UFO Research)

This section presents an older essay from 2003 that is considered still relevant. The essay discusses the current state of UFO research, noting its shift from a focus on Ufologists and skeptics to include psychological perspectives. It highlights the introduction of concepts like "Fantasy Proneness," "hypnotic suggestibility," and "dissociation" into the UFO discourse. The author criticizes the tendency to frame UFO abductions within the context of recovered memories of sexual abuse and satanic rituals, suggesting this association is problematic and potentially damaging to genuine UFO research. The essay notes the rise of the "False Memory Syndrome" (FMS) since the 1980s, linked to accusations of child abuse and satanic rituals, where suggestive questioning can create vivid memories. Many psychologists view UFO abductions through the lens of FMS, seeing them as similar to abuse memories due to their bizarre nature and the investigative methods used. Skeptical Ufologists also widely adopt this explanation. However, the essay argues that FMS as an explanation has a tautological value and lacks direct evidence. It suggests that while the controversy surrounding abuse memories mirrors aspects of abduction reports, leading to a sense of déjà vu for Ufologists, the anecdotal nature of abduction evidence makes questions about memory's nature and limits crucial. The essay concludes that even if abductions stem from some form of experience, the complexity of perception, conception, and memory creates an uncertain space between objective and subjective reality.

Kurz notiert (Briefly Noted)

• Howard Menger verstorben (Howard Menger deceased): A brief mention of the passing of Howard Menger.
• UFO auf Foto als Käfer identifiziert (UFO identified as a beetle in a photo): Likely refers to the Dombach case.
• Lösen Blinkies Himmelslaternen ab? (Are blinking sky lanterns replacing UFOs?): A question posed about the identification of UFOs.

Literatur (Literature)

• Begegnungen mit dem Unfassbaren (Encounters with the Unfathomable): A literature review or mention of a book with this title, likely related to UFOs or paranormal experiences.

Impressum (Imprint)

• Publisher: Gesellschaft zur Erforschung des UFO-Phänomens (GEP) e. V., founded in 1972.
• Address: Postfach 2361, D-58473 Lüdenscheid, Germany.
• Contact: Phone: (02351) 23377, Fax: (02351) 23335, Email: [email protected].
• Bank: Postbank NL Dortmund.
• Editors: Hans-Werner Peiniger and Danny Ammon are responsible for the content.
• Publication: 'jufof' is published bi-monthly on a non-commercial basis, with contributions being honorarium-free. The price for a one-year subscription (6 issues) is €27.00 plus postage.
• Printing: MG-Verlag, 56637 Plaidt.
• Copyright: © 2007 GEP e. V.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The recurring themes in this issue revolve around the psychological aspects of UFO experiences, particularly the controversial link between UFO abductions and the phenomenon of false memories. The journal critically examines UFO sightings, providing detailed documentation and evaluations, often concluding with conventional explanations (e.g., birds, lens flares). There's a clear editorial stance favoring rigorous investigation and a cautious approach to extraordinary claims, as evidenced by the debunking of the Dombach and Bremen sightings. The journal also engages with the broader discourse on UFO research, including historical context and methodological debates, while maintaining its role as a platform for detailed case studies and analysis within the German-speaking UFO community.

This issue of the "JOURNAL FÜR UFO-FORSCHUNG" (Issue 1-2009, Nr. 181) is dedicated to a comprehensive statistical analysis of UFO abduction experiences. It presents detailed tables and discussions based on survey data, exploring the sequence of events, descriptions of alien beings and their craft, and the psychological underpinnings of these reported experiences.

Sequence of Events in UFO Abductions

The magazine meticulously breaks down the abduction phenomenon into distinct phases, starting with 'I. Gefangennahme' (Capture). This section details how abductees are taken, noting common locations like 'Überlandstraße' (on the road) and 'Schlafzimmer' (bedroom), and the initial experiences such as 'Vorahnung, Aufforderung' (premonition, request) and the appearance of a 'UFO, Lichtobjekt oder Licht' (UFO, light object or light). It highlights phenomena like paralysis ('Opfer wird gelähmt'), time loss ('Beginn des Zeitverlustes'), and the appearance of beings ('Wesen erscheinen'). The process of 'Befriedung' (pacification), where the abductee loses their will, and the beings take control, is also described. The 'Schweben oder Schwebegefühl' (floating or feeling of floating) during escort by beings, and the ascent into a light beam ('Aufstieg in Lichtstrahl'), are noted. The 'Plötzlicher Eintritt' (sudden entry) and 'Bewusstwerden des Eintritts' (becoming aware of entry) mark the transition to the next phase.

'II. Untersuchung' (Examination) details the procedures performed on the abductee. This includes being asked to undress ('Opfer muss sich ausziehen oder wird von Wesen ausgezogen') and lying on an examination table ('Opfer liegt auf Untersuchungstisch'). The procedures involve 'manuelle Prozedur' (manual procedure) where the abductee is touched, and 'instrumentelle Prozedur' (instrumental procedure) using tools or machines. Specific examinations mentioned are 'Scanner' (scanner), 'Implantat' (implant), and 'Probeentnahme' (sample collection) for genetic material (blood, saliva, anal). Genital examinations ('zeugungsrelevante Prozedur') and mental/behavioral tests ('mentale und Verhaltenstests') are also listed. A specific observation is that 'Wesen starrt Entführtem in die Augen' (Beings stare into the abductee's eyes).

'III. Konferenz' (Conference) involves the abductee receiving instructions or a mission ('Opfer erhält unbestimmten Auftrag oder Mission'), warnings of catastrophes ('Warnung vor nahen Katastrophen'), and an instruction to forget ('Anweisung, alles zu vergessen').

'IV. Tour durch Raumschiff' (Tour of the Spaceship) includes visits to the engine room or control room ('Besuch des Maschinenraums, Kontrollraums') and an 'Inkubatorium' or 'Kindergarten' with interaction with hybrid children ('Besuch des Inkubatoriums / des Kindergartens; Interaktion mit Hybridkind').

'V. Reisen in die Anderswelt' (Travel to the Otherworld) involves observing desolate landscapes or underground environments ('Betrachtung einer verwüsteten Landschaft, unterirdischen Umgebung').

'VI. Theophanie' (Theophany) refers to spiritual visions or events.

'VII. Rückkehr' (Return) signifies the resumption of normal activities, often with clothes being put on differently or sleeping in the wrong bed ('Kleider anders angezogen, falsches Bett').

'VIII. Nach der Entführung' (After the Abduction) covers immediate and mid-term consequences. Immediate physical effects include a feeling of dirtiness ('Schmutzgefühl'), extreme thirst, exhaustion, nausea, and skin irritation or wounds ('Augen-/Hautirritation, Wundheit'), possibly with scars or stiches ('Narben, Stiche, Hautveränderung'). Mid-term psychological effects include nightmares, flashbacks ('Albträume, Flashbacks der fehlenden Zeit'), and phobias ('Ängste und Phobien'). Long-term consequences, appearing months or years later, include growing spiritual interests ('wachsende spirituelle Interessen'), paranormal experiences ('ASW, paranormale Erfahrungen'), changes in behavior and beliefs ('Wandel im Verhalten, Lebensstil, Glauben'), and a feeling of alienation ('Gefühl der Entfremdung von der Erde'). Repeated encounters ('wiederholte Begegnungen') are also noted.

Description of the Beings

The magazine categorizes alien beings into several types. 'Typen von Wesen' (Types of Beings) includes: 'Humanoide' (humanoid), described as having a human form but being different; 'Standardhumanoider' (standard humanoid) with a small, grey, hairless body, large head and eyes, small nose, and mouth; 'kleine Humanoide' (small humanoids) smaller than average humans; 'große Humanoide' (large humanoids) larger than the small ones; 'Nordische und menschliche Typen' (Nordic and human types); 'Hybride' (hybrids) combining human and humanoid traits; 'Reptilienartige Wesen' (reptilian beings); and 'Insekten oder gottesanbeterinähnliche Wesen' (insect or praying mantis-like beings).

Descriptive characteristics of humanoids include 'große, ovale oder umlaufende Augen' (large, oval or round eyes), 'dunkle Augen oder große Iris' (dark eyes or large irises), or normal, small, slit-like, or absent eyes. Mouths are often described as 'Schlitzmund' (slit mouth, small, without lips), and noses as 'kaum Nase' (barely a nose, small holes, a bump, or non-existent). Ears are also small or absent ('kaum Ohren'). The skull is often described as enlarged ('vergrößerter Schädel'), resembling an inverted pear, and the beings are hairless ('Haarlosigkeit (Glatze)').

Skin color is typically 'graue Haut' (grey skin), described as pale, chalky, white, and sunless. They are often depicted as 'geschlechtslos oder ohne erkennbares Geschlecht' (sexless or without discernible sex), thin, and fragile, or as robust dwarfs. Hands may have fewer than five fingers, and their gait is stiff or clumsy ('steifer oder unbeholfener Gang'). Movement can be 'schwebende oder gleitende Bewegung' (hovering or gliding movement). They wear 'eng anliegende Kleidung' (tight-fitting clothing) making them appear naked, or tight uniforms, robes, or capes.

Regarding behavior and organization, humanoids are described as busy, efficient, loving, and emotionless ('Humanoiden sind geschäftig, effizient, lieb- und emotionslos'). Nordic beings are warm and friendly ('Nordische sind warm und freundlich'). Some humanoids may avoid eye contact with abductees ('Humanoide wollen von den Gefangenen nicht angeblickt werden'). Communication is often telepathic ('telepathische Kommunikation'). One being might act as a liaison ('ein Wesen agiert als Verbindungswesen'), sometimes a larger humanoid. The liaison being seems familiar with the abductee ('Wesen ist vertraut').

Description of the Ship

The exterior of the ship ('außen') is described as a 'Scheibe oder fliegende Untertasse' (disc or flying saucer), or as a sphere, rectangle, or boomerang. Doors open and close seamlessly ('Türen öffnen und schließen ohne Naht').

The interior ('innen') may have a 'Vorkammer oder kreisförmiger Flur' (antechamber or circular corridor). The 'Untersuchungszimmer' (examination room) is often round with a domed ceiling, lacking corners ('rund (kreisförmig, Kuppeldecke, keine Ecken oder Kanten)'), or sometimes wedge-shaped or square ('tortenstückförmig, quadratisch'). The temperature is cool, frosty, clammy, or foggy ('kühle Temperatur'). Lighting is indirect, with no visible light source, appearing fluorescent or with glowing walls/ceilings ('indirekte Beleuchtung'). The space is described as sterile and empty ('steriler, leerer Raum'). An 'Untersuchungstisch' (examination table) is present. Other rooms mentioned are a 'Konferenzzimmer' (conference room), an 'Inkubatorium' (incubator, with embryos or body parts), and a 'Maschinen- oder Kontrollraum' (machine or control room).

Life Cycle of Abductions

The 'Lebenszyklus der Entführungen' (Life Cycle of Abductions) section details how abduction experiences can vary with age.

In 'Kindheit' (Childhood), very young children encounter friendly aliens, engage in play, and undergo minor procedures like sample collection ('Schnitte (Probenentnahme)'). Pre-pubertal children are medically examined, receive implants, and are instructed ('Implantate, Belehrung').

During 'Pubertät' (Puberty), abductions become less frequent than in childhood, with an emphasis on examinations, particularly of reproductive organs ('Betonung auf der Untersuchung, besonders der Fortpflanzungsorgane').

For 'junge Erwachsene' (young adults, 19-25 years), activity intensifies, involving genital examinations and the collection of eggs and sperm ('Entnahme von Eizellen und Spermien'). This stage may include fertilization, missing embryos, and the beginning of a sense of mission ('Beginn des Gefühls, eine Mission zu haben').

'Reife Erwachsene' (mature adults, 26-39 years) continue to have interest in reproduction but less intensely. Encounters with hybrids increase, and abductees become more aware of their experiences and feel a sense of mission.

'Nur Wenige erfahren die erste Entführung nach ihrem 35. Jahr' (Few experience their first abduction after age 35).

In the 'mittlere und ältere Lebensphase' (middle and older life phase, 40+), activity decreases, with less focus on examination and reproduction. Abductees might be rejected as too old ('Zurückweisung als zu alt'). They may develop increased paranormal abilities and help others, save the environment, or fulfill other important tasks.

Innovations in Abduction History

'Innovationen in der Entführungsgeschichte' (Innovations in Abduction History) notes changes over time. Descriptions of humanoid necks have become thinner and longer ('Humanoidenhälse werden dünn und lang'), and their eyes are now uniformly black ('Humanoidenaugen werden völlig schwarz'). Descriptions of humanoids have become standardized. 'Insektoide' (insect-like humanoids) and 'Reptilianer' (reptilians) or blue beings have been reported. There's an increase in cases involving missing embryos ('Zunahme von Fällen mit verschwundenen Embryos'). Interactions with hybrids are becoming longer episodes. Abductees report military personnel collaborating with aliens, with military bases as settings. Some abductees perceive their encounters as intrusions, while others view them as positive, spiritual experiences. Messages about ecological catastrophes are also conveyed. Elaborate interactions, including romantic relationships between aliens/hybrids and humans, are emerging.

Cultural and Psychological Explanations for Abduction Experiences

Several pages are dedicated to exploring potential explanations for abduction experiences, moving beyond simple claims of alien encounters.

One perspective suggests that individuals who become abductees may have a predisposition for imagination and fantasy, or a susceptibility to suggestion and role-playing, which is amplified by hypnosis ('Menschen, die zu Entführungserlebern werden, weisen eine Prädisposition für Einbildungskraft und Fantasie auf...'). The widespread availability of UFO literature and popular culture has made abduction narratives more accessible, providing a framework for interpreting unusual experiences.

Another theory posits that abduction investigators may have their own agendas, and that individuals undergoing hypnosis may confabulate stories that fit the investigator's expectations. The concept of 'Fantasy-Proneness' is explored, identifying individuals who tend to fantasize extensively and experience their imagined worlds vividly. Studies suggest that a significant percentage of abductees exhibit characteristics of fantasy-proneness.

The 'Boundary-deficit-Hypothese' is also discussed, suggesting that individuals with this trait have difficulty distinguishing between self and external reality, imagination and wakefulness, or sleep and waking experiences. This is linked to missing time and the dream-like nature of abductions.

Hypnotic confabulation is presented as a significant factor. It's noted that individuals vary in their hypnotizability, and some are highly susceptible to suggestion. Studies indicate that abductees are not necessarily more hypnotizable than control groups, but they may have a richer fantasy life. Some research suggests that while hypnosis can elicit new abduction episodes, it often elaborates on existing narratives rather than creating entirely new ones.

Cultural influences are deemed undeniable. The magazine cites research suggesting that cultural elements, such as images from dreams, fantasies, or even TV shows like "Close Encounters of the Third Kind," can shape abduction narratives. The consistency of certain elements, like the description of small grey humanoids, is noted, even though Hollywood offers many alternative alien types. The argument is made that the rigid structure of abduction stories, where episodes consistently appear in the same order, points towards a narrative construction rather than purely spontaneous experiences.

Trauma and PTSD

A significant portion of the analysis focuses on the psychological impact of abduction experiences, particularly in relation to trauma and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). The intense, seemingly unmotivated fears and behavioral anomalies of abductees are examined. The magazine draws parallels between the symptoms experienced by abductees and those diagnosed with PTSD, which originated from experiences of war, accidents, crimes, and abuse.

Symptoms such as nightmares, flashbacks, amnesia, hypervigilance, interpersonal problems, and avoidance of situations related to the traumatic event are common to both PTSD and abduction experiences. Studies are cited indicating that a notable percentage of abductees meet the criteria for PTSD, and dissociative symptoms are also prevalent among them.

The discussion highlights that while conventional psychological theories may not fully explain UFO abduction experiences, these experiences can explain unconventional psychological behavior in abductees. The magazine suggests that the consistent pattern of abduction narratives, the specific types of fears reported, and the structured nature of the experiences might indicate a common underlying cause, possibly related to trauma or a specific psychological mechanism.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The recurring themes in this issue revolve around the systematic cataloging and analysis of UFO abduction phenomena. The journal adopts a research-oriented approach, presenting statistical data, categorizing events, and exploring various theoretical explanations, from psychological predispositions to cultural influences and the impact of trauma. The editorial stance appears to be one of critical inquiry, seeking to understand the phenomenon through empirical data and psychological frameworks, while acknowledging the complexity and the challenges in definitively explaining these reported experiences. The emphasis on detailed descriptions of events, beings, and ships suggests a commitment to documenting the phenomenon thoroughly. The exploration of psychological theories, particularly trauma and fantasy-proneness, indicates an openness to understanding the subjective reality of the abductees while also considering alternative explanations for their experiences.

This issue of the "JOURNAL FÜR UFO-FORSCHUNG" (Journal for UFO Research), dated "AUSGABE 1-2009 NR.181", features a prominent article titled "Anmerkungen zur UFO-Forschung" (Comments on UFO Research) by Johannes Müller, which critically examines the state of UFO research and its community.

Article: The Psychological Dimension of Abductions and PTSD

The initial articles delve into the psychological ramifications of abduction experiences, particularly Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). It is noted that while the origin of PTSD in conventional trauma is often clear, the source of PTSD in abduction experiencers remains mysterious, posing a dilemma for both victims and skeptics. Abductions are described as unavoidable, unpredictable, and uncontrollable events that lead to a state of constant threat and uncertainty. The core dilemma for experiencers is the inability to control or escape the event, leading to dissociation, personality changes, or the development of non-empirical belief systems. The concept of "erfahrenes anomales Trauma" (experienced anomalous trauma) is introduced to avoid pre-judging the phenomenon's nature.

Psychological theories are explored, with some suggesting that the stress of abduction experiences can lead to PTSD, even in individuals without prior psychopathology. This challenges the traditional view that PTSD requires an external, conventional cause. The possibility that anomalous events are the source of the trauma is considered, as other psychological disorders fail to explain the evidence.

However, an alternative perspective suggests that childhood trauma, particularly sexual abuse, might be the underlying cause, with abduction experiences serving as a form of 'protective memory' or a way to cope with a chaotic environment. Studies indicate a link between paranormal belief and childhood trauma, where magical thinking is a coping mechanism. Individuals who experienced abuse and neglect may develop dissociative abilities as a defense, making them more susceptible to altered states of consciousness and paranormal encounters. The idea of 'Encounter-Proneness' is introduced, suggesting that some individuals are predisposed to such experiences, rather than being abducted because of this predisposition.

Two common coping mechanisms for abuse are identified: amnesia to block painful memories and the creation of fantasy realities. In the context of abduction narratives, this can manifest as missing time or encounters with aliens, which are seen as ways to translate the experience of sexual abuse into a more manageable narrative.

The article discusses the debate on whether abductions are directly linked to child abuse, but acknowledges that this discussion has brought abduction phenomena into the psychological mainstream. However, this integration comes at a price, with many psychologists classifying abductions alongside other phenomena like multiple personality disorder, satanic ritual abuse, and past-life regressions, often without a clear external trauma.

Article: Comments on UFO Research (Anmerkungen zur UFO-Forschung)

Johannes Müller's essay critically analyzes the "UFO-Szene" (UFO scene), particularly in Germany. He notes that the UFO debate has been ongoing for over 50 years, largely polarized between believers and debunkers. Müller questions what remains of scientifically founded engagement with the topic.

He uses Michael Moore's slogan "Downsize This!" as a motto for his critique of the UFO discourse. After four years of engagement, Müller expresses a desire to withdraw from the UFO research scene, citing the repetitive nature of arguments and the lack of a clear purpose.

Müller argues that scientific work requires clear definitions and a common ground for discussion, which he finds lacking in the UFO research community. He contrasts this with the Condon Report's definition of a UFO, which, while not perfect, provided a more neutral basis. The current situation is described as a "babylonian confusion" within the "ufo-un-logical debate."

The Multiple Illnesses of the "UFO-Scene" - Prognostic

Müller contends that as long as UFO phenomenon investigation is not established within a university institution with a solid scientific-theoretical and philosophical basis, it will face skepticism from mainstream science. He suggests that much of what is presented as "results" or "findings" in UFO research has only marginal value.

He criticizes the tendency of some researchers to selectively focus on material that fits their theories, often ignoring contributions from non-academics. While this selection process can improve the "signal-to-noise ratio" in scientific discourse, it can also appear arrogant to laypeople.

Müller draws parallels between organized UFO research and political parties, noting strong hierarchies and a cult of personality. He describes a "Byzantinism" within the scene, reminiscent of communist party congresses, with leaders being lauded and their sayings treated as dogma.

He criticizes the "marketplace of human vanity" where individuals seek recognition through pseudocompetence, creating "Potemkin villages" – facades with no substance. He hopes that serious scientific circles will not fall for these grandstanding displays.

The article touches upon "groupthink" and the tendency for individuals to act omnipotently, even challenging established scientists. This behavior is deemed scandalous and worthy of being ignored by the scientific community.

Critique of Skeptic Movements and Media

Müller also includes "critical" and "skeptical" groups in his critique, arguing that despite apparent differences, they operate on a meta-level of mutual dependence. He questions whether the "secular humanism" promoted by some skeptical movements is truly beneficial for the German-European cultural context or if it's a disguised pseudoreligious movement.

He criticizes the instrumentalization of mass media by UFO researchers, suggesting that many are more adept at handling microphones and cameras than at reasoned argumentation. He contrasts this with the scientific ideal, which prioritizes content over rhetorical packaging.

Conclusion

Müller concludes that there is little left for a genuinely scientific UFO phenomenon investigation. He suggests that while social psychologists might find a purpose in "social or population hygiene" by explaining phenomena to individuals, the field as a whole is dominated by speculation. He advises scientists to avoid formal engagement with the topic to protect their reputation, as the conditions for promising research are largely absent.

He notes that the debate is too person-centered, with ad hominem attacks often replacing substantive arguments. Individual socialization backgrounds and generational differences create communication barriers. He also points out the differing perspectives between researchers with East and West German backgrounds.

Müller's approach, rooted in a materialistic worldview integrating media and cultural criticism, appears to have been too academic for many in the UFO scene, leading to personal attacks rather than substantive engagement.

He concludes that the UFO research scene is characterized by a lack of critical engagement with evidence, an uncritical adoption of theories, and a tendency to fall for sensationalism. The article ends with a note that the discussion will continue in the next issue.

Short Notes: Current Events

Howard Menger Deceased

The obituary announces the passing of Howard Menger, a contactee who claimed to have met a woman from Venus at the age of ten. Menger asserted that he had future contacts and a mission on Earth as a helper and messenger. He described a space journey in 1956 to a moon base where he was shown art and culture from other civilizations. His experiences were documented in his books "From Outer Space to You" and "The High Bridge Incident," as well as a music cassette. He died at the age of 87.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The recurring themes in this issue revolve around the psychological underpinnings of UFO experiences, particularly alien abductions, and their connection to trauma and PTSD. There is a strong critical stance towards the current state of UFO research, highlighting its lack of scientific rigor, its tendency towards sensationalism, and the problematic dynamics within the UFO community. The journal appears to advocate for a more critical, evidence-based approach, while acknowledging the psychological complexities involved in such experiences. The editorial stance is one of critical analysis and a call for greater scientific accountability within the field.

This issue of JOURNAL FÜR UFO-FORSCHUNG (Journal for UFO Research), Ausgabe 1-2009, Nr. 181, published by GEP e.V. in Germany, focuses on various aspects of UFO phenomena and related research. The cover story highlights the identification of a UFO photograph as a ladybug, while other articles delve into the methodology of UFO research, reviews of books on paranormal topics, and the potential impact of new aerial phenomena on future UFO reports.

UFO auf Foto als Käfer identifiziert

This article reports on a photograph taken by Stefan Sunderström at a music festival in Tingsryd, Sweden, on July 12, 2008. While reviewing his photos, Sunderström noticed an unusual object hovering over a forest. The Swedish UFO research organization UFO-Sverige investigated the image and concluded that the object was a small ladybug. The article is attributed to Hans-Werner Peiniger, with the source cited as UFO aktuellt, Nr. 3, 2008.

Lösen Blinkies an Luftballons Himmelslaternen ab?

Danny Ammon discusses the decline of sky lanterns as a popular nighttime aerial stimulus due to increasing official prohibitions and media reports of fires they have caused. He notes that a new alternative, "Blinkies" (small blinking LED lights placed inside balloons), is emerging. Ammon suggests that this "silent fireworks" phenomenon, with masses of blinking objects in the sky appearing in strange formations, could lead to more UFO reports in the future, potentially replacing sky lanterns as the number one cause of such sightings.

Literatur Neuerscheinungen (Literature New Releases)

This section reviews several books, primarily focusing on the works of Hartwig Hausdorf and Olaf Fritz.

Review of Hartwig Hausdorf's "Begegnungen mit dem Unfassbaren: Reiseführer zu phantastischen Phänomenen"

Peter Kauert reviews Hartwig Hausdorf's book, describing it as a new and purely pre-astronautic UFO-related work, distinct from his earlier "X-Reisen" (1998). The review highlights several topics covered in Hausdorf's book:

• "Sternenkind" (Star Child) from Waldenburg: Hausdorf examines a preserved infant specimen, described as a "Monstrum Humanum Rarissimun" or "Hühnermensch" (Chicken Human), born in 1735. He claims to find features resembling "Greys" (large skull, thin limbs, small face, large eyes), suggesting it might be an alien-humanoid hybrid. The review notes a historical account of the mother being frightened by a polecat during pregnancy, which Hausdorf suggests could be a "cover memory" masking an abduction experience.
• Skull Deformation: The book explores the global phenomenon of skull deformation, beginning in infancy, where bandages and boards are used to shape infants' skulls into conical forms. Hausdorf questions whether ancient peoples were imitating aliens with similar cranial features.
• The Carpathian Phenomenon: Hausdorf visited a mysterious ruin near Smolenice in Slovakia, identified as the largest known ancient city from 600 BC (Hallstatt period). He discusses reports of the city being hastily abandoned, with evidence of extreme heat and skeletal remains suggesting an explosion. However, Kauert notes that Hausdorf himself found no evidence of melting rock and that the artifacts presented as "industrially manufactured" are actually normal fibulae and spearheads typical of the era. Kauert finds the chapter initially exciting but ultimately less convincing.
• Pre-astronautic Interpretations: Hausdorf speculates about technologically advanced beings being involved in the city's history. The review criticizes Hausdorf for not offering simpler explanations and for repeating arguments from authors like Erich von Däniken.
• Model of the Solar System: The book discusses a supposed model of our solar system found in the French region of Bretagne, consisting of menhirs (standing stones) placed at scaled distances. Kauert questions the accuracy of the scale and the assumption that such alignments couldn't occur naturally.
• Teotihuacan, Mexico: Hausdorf discusses the ancient city of Teotihuacan, presenting it as a "stone solar system model," following Erich von Däniken's arguments from his 1984 book. Kauert finds this repetitive but acknowledges the similarity between the temple structures and our solar system, noting that the city remains a mystery.
• Menorca: A "hidden gem" mentioned is the Balearic island of Menorca, with around 300 mysterious towers, many in ruins. Hausdorf questions the official designation of these as defensive towers, as well as the "Taulas," T-shaped stone monuments.

Kauert concludes that while Hausdorf's book is a quick read and he personally visited the locations, the narrative style is rough, and some topics are treated uncritically. He finds it preferable to Hausdorf's "Bizarre Wirklichkeiten."

Review of Olaf Fritz's "Über die Wissenschaftlichkeit der UFO-Forschung der GEP e. V."

This review focuses on Olaf Fritz's study, which investigates whether UFO research in Germany, largely privately funded, can be considered scientific. Fritz's empirical study analyzes the GEP (Gesellschaft zur Erforschung des UFO-Phänomens e.V.) in Lüdenscheid. Fritz concludes that the GEP's research is characterized by a clearly defined subject, a systematic and traceable approach, reproducibility, and controllability. Their findings are regularly made public through the "jufof" journal.

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GEP and UFO Information

This section provides information about the GEP (Gesellschaft zur Erforschung des UFO-Phänomens e.V.) and the definition of a UFO.

• GEP: Described as the largest non-profit scientific association in Germany dedicated to UFO research. They use questionnaires, field investigations, and in-depth analysis, working interdisciplinarily with support from authorities and scientific institutions.
• UFO Definition: A UFO is defined as the perceived observation of an object or light in the sky or on land whose appearance, trajectory, and general dynamic and luminous behavior do not suggest a logical, conventional explanation, and which remains unidentifiable even after careful examination by technically capable individuals.
• UFO-Meldung (UFO Report): Instructions are provided on how to report UFO sightings to the GEP's reporting center. Contact can be made via telephone (0 23 51 / 2 33 77), their websites (www.ufo-forschung.de, www.jufof.de), the GEP forum, or email ([email protected]).

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The journal consistently adopts a critical and scientific approach to UFO phenomena, as evidenced by its detailed reviews of research methodologies and its clear definition of what constitutes a UFO. The editorial stance appears to favor rigorous investigation and the debunking of misidentifications, while also acknowledging the enduring mystery of unexplained sightings. The publication serves as a platform for documenting UFO reports, presenting scientific analyses, and engaging in critical discourse within the field, supported by the GEP's structured research efforts.