Insolite no 14 - Janvier 1982

Magazine Overview

Title: BULLETIN DE LIAISON DES AMATEURS D'INSOLITE
Issue: N° 14
Date: 1st Semester 1982
Price: 10 FRANCS
Publisher: Association sans but lucratif "LES AMATEURS D'INSOLITE"
Country: France
ISSN: 0294-2992

Editorial

The editorial by the President, F. Breuil, announces the cessation of the "Bulletin de Liaison" after seven years and 14 issues due to a drastic increase in postal rates. Despite this, the association's activities will continue, with the editorial team working on special publications with various working groups, including "RECETTES ET TOURS DE MAIN" (Survival group), "LES CATHARES" and "LES ORDRES DE CHEVALERIE" (Archeology group), and "NOTES ALCHIMIQUES" (Alchemy group). The President expresses gratitude to all collaborators and particularly to P. Melleret, the founder of the association and the review.

Articles

L'AVENTURE DE LA BIBLE (Suite): JÉRUSALEM

This extensive article delves into the history and biblical interpretations of Jerusalem and Salem. It argues that Salem, associated with Melchisédek, was a distinct town near Sichem, not Jerusalem. The text traces the origins of Jerusalem, mentioning its early fortification by the Rephaim, its appearance in El-Amarna letters and Egyptian texts from the 12th dynasty, and its conquest by David. It discusses the etymology of Jerusalem and its various names, including Jebus. The article highlights key events in Jerusalem's history, such as its destruction by Nabuchodonosor and its later development under rulers like Solomon and Hezekiah. It also touches upon the city's significance as a religious center, linked to Mount Moriah and the construction of the Temple.

LE COLOSSE DE RHODES

This section recounts the history of the Colossus of Rhodes, a monumental statue of the sun god Apollon. It states that the statue was erected in Rhodes and stood for only 56 years before being toppled by an earthquake in 224 BC. The article quotes Pliny and Ampelius, describing the statue's immense size and the cost of its construction. It clarifies that the popular image of the Colossus standing at the harbor entrance is inaccurate, with evidence from a Rhodian medal depicting Apollon standing nude, with a raised arm in a gesture of protection.

LA MAIN DE GLOIRE

This short piece describes the secret of the "Hand of Glory," a mummified hand used in sorcery. It explains that the hand, obtained from a hanged man, was prepared using specific ingredients and then used as a tool to open doors and render people immobile. The process involves drying the hand and using it to hold a candle made of animal fat and sesame.

LA SCIENCE CABALISTIQUE ou LE GRAND ALBERT: GILGAMESH

This section introduces the epic of Gilgamesh, an ancient Mesopotamian hero from Uruk, whose mother was the goddess Ninsun. It describes Gilgamesh as a figure of great strength, serving as a prototype for the Greek Heracles. The article summarizes key exploits from the epic, including his friendship with Enkidu, his battle with the giant Humbaba, his rejection of the goddess Ishtar, and his quest for immortality. It notes that Gilgamesh's story contains legendary and fabulous elements that capture the imagination.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The magazine "Bulletin de Liaison des Amateurs d'Insolite" focuses on topics considered "unusual" or "uncommon," drawing from historical, biblical, mythological, and potentially paranormal subjects. The editorial stance, as indicated by the name and the content, is to explore and share information on these diverse and often esoteric themes. The cessation of the bulletin due to financial reasons highlights the challenges of maintaining niche publications. The recurring theme is the exploration of the strange and unexplained, presented through historical accounts, legends, and biblical narratives.

This issue of "Inventions Sans Lendemain" presents a collection of historical inventions and significant historical events, primarily focusing on the 19th century and the 12th century. The magazine explores technological innovations alongside pivotal moments in religious and military history.

Inventions

The Dostring Generator

The first article details the "LE GENERATEUR DOSTRING," an invention from the mid-19th century that aimed to power a low-power steam engine intended for use in carriages, potentially replacing horse-drawn fiacres. The generator worked by reacting chalk (calcium carbonate) with sulfuric acid in a sealed lead cylinder. This process produced carbonic acid gas, which compressed to pressures between 50 and 80 atmospheres. The sulfuric acid was refouled into the cylinder using a counterweight-driven piston. A small pipe at the top directed the gas to the distribution box of the steam engine. The article notes that the engine would need to be small, as 5 kg of chalk and 4.9 kg of sulfuric acid produced only 1100 liters of gas.

The Smoke Chamber

The second invention discussed is "LA CHAMBRE A FUMEE" (The Smoke Chamber), proposed in the 19th century by Messieurs Sauges and Masson. Their aim was to eliminate the need for traditional chimney flues in buildings. They envisioned gathering the smoke from all chimneys at the highest point of a house into a corridor-like chamber, from which it would escape through a conical opening. This system was also suggested for heating a boiler of water for domestic use. The system was reportedly applied in Neuilly sur Seine with good results. The benefits listed include constant and equal chimney draft, nullifying the effect of wind that causes downdrafts, eliminating the need for chimney decoration, avoiding expensive and dangerous sheet metal devices, dispensing with chimney sweeping, and saving 40% on smoke evacuation costs.

"I Make Water Boil Without Fire"

A third invention, described under the heading "JE FAIS BOUILLIR SANS FEU" (I Make Water Boil Without Fire), involves a mechanical apparatus. A hand-cranked mill drives a comb wheel, which in turn moves a perpendicular cylinder. Attached to this cylinder is a horizontal iron plate (two feet in diameter) that rubs against another horizontal plate (one inch thick). This second plate is pressed against the first by four strong steel springs. A cube-shaped tin pot is placed on the second plate, and the heat generated by the friction causes the liquid inside to boil. The invention is dated "22 floréal AN 7" (May 11, 1799) and is noted as being "undoubtedly noisy, yet it made no noise."

Historical Narratives

St. Bernard and the Knights Templar

The magazine then shifts to historical accounts, beginning with "St Bernard et ses Fils" (St Bernard and His Sons), attributed to B. Valette. This section details the origins of the Knights Templar. It recounts the first Crusade in 1096, led by Pierre l'Hermite and later by Godefroy de Bouillon, which resulted in the capture of Jerusalem. Key dates are provided: the death of Godefroy in 1100 and his succession by Baudouin; a reinforcement crusade in 1101 that was decimated; and in 1118, the emergence of Hugues de Payns, a knight from Champagne, who dedicated himself to protecting pilgrims. He sought shelter from the King of Jerusalem near the Temple of the Lord, leading to the formation of the "Poor Knights of Christ," later known as the Knights Templar. Hugues de Champagne, who had previously gifted lands to Bernard, also joined. Hugues de Payns, likely with advice from Hugues de Champagne, approached Bernard of Clairvaux to establish and recognize a rule for the Poor Knights. Bernard, impressed, agreed to establish the rule for this "Christian militia."

Bernard is credited with drafting the primitive rule of the Temple, inspired by the Cistercian rule but adding articles on military duties. The rule comprised 72 articles. In January 1128, a council was convened in Troyes, presided over by Cardinal-Legate Mathieu d'Albano, with abbots, bishops, and knights present, including Etienne Harding, Thybaud de Champagne, and Bernard. The rule was confirmed, and the knights were permitted to wear a white mantle. They also gained significant rights, including possessions of land and the right to receive donations. The article notes that the famous red cross was assigned much later. Hugues de Champagne died in the Holy Land in 1130. The N.D.L.R. note indicates this chapter will be expanded in a special issue on Military and Hospitaller Orders.

The Schism of the Popes

Another significant historical event covered is "LE SCHISME DES PAPES" (The Schism of the Popes). In February 1130, Pope Honorius II fell ill, leading to a contentious situation in Rome. The Roman population was divided between supporters of Pierre de Leon and Cardinal Deacon Jonathan. Upon Honorius's death, a small group elected Cardinal Deacon Gregoire de Saint-Ange as Innocent II in secret. Pierre de Leon, upon learning of this, convened his supporters and elected himself as Anaclet II. This dual papacy lasted for eight years, causing civil war. The article highlights the indecision of King Louis VI of France, who convened a council at Etampes to decide which Pope to recognize. Bernard was consulted and advised supporting Innocent II, whom the King confirmed. Innocent II was in France, consecrating the basilica at Cluny in October 1130. He later visited Clairvaux and then presided over the coronation of Louis le Jeune in Reims in October 1131. During his return to Italy, Innocent II visited Cluny and was struck by the austerity of the Cistercians compared to the Cluniacs. He abolished a tribute the Cistercians owed to Cluny, which angered the Cluniacs and initiated conflict between the two orders.

Innocent II sought Bernard's help to regain his standing. Bernard's eloquence helped reconcile the Genoese and Pisans. Anaclet II's influence waned, and Innocent II entered Rome around April 30th. Bernard was disappointed and returned to France. Incidents in Aquitaine led to Bishop Gerard of Angoulême siding with Anaclet II after Innocent II refused to renew his functions. Bernard intervened in Poitiers to appease Gerard, but the schism resurfaced. The schism extended to Tours, where Bernard's influence was needed again. He undertook a second trip to Aquitaine in 1134. Bernard's efforts in Italy were successful, even leading to the Milanese wanting to elect him archbishop, a proposal he deflected with a clever ruse involving his horse.

In September 1136, German troops under Lothaire landed in Lombardy to support Innocent II against King Roger. After initial victories, Lothaire divided his army. Bernard's intervention convinced Lothaire to act. Bernard also helped save Lucca from siege. He met Innocent II in Grosseto and was involved in diplomatic maneuvers leading to the capture of Mont-Cassin and the fall of Capua. Benevento was conquered on May 23, 1137.

Lothaire met Innocent II in Bari on May 30th, a symbolic encounter between church and state. The German army triumphed, and southern Italy capitulated. King Roger, facing defeat, attempted to negotiate, but Lothaire refused, a decision he would later regret. Roger returned to Sicily in October 1137, engaging in acts of vengeance. However, on October 30th, he was defeated in a battle against Duke Rainulphe. Bernard had tried to prevent this battle. Roger was found in Salerno, where he sought to temporize by requesting witnesses to explain the double election. During the assembly, Bernard's words convinced Roger to renounce the antipope, though he retreated to Sicily to make his final decision. This was a setback for Bernard's mission, though it led to the conversion of Pierre de Pise. Anaclet II's supporters dwindled. The death of Emperor Lothaire brought relief, but a month later, they faced another shock. The antipope Anaclet II died on January 25, 1138. His supporters attempted to elect Victor IV, but this movement ended on May 29, 1138. The schism ended, and Bernard, hailed as the "Father of the Fatherland," desired to return to France.

Abelard

The final section discusses Pierre Abelard, born in 1079. He was a precocious scholar with a passion for studies, particularly the doctrine of Jean Roscelin. He studied in Paris under Guillaume de Champeaux, but their disagreements led to a separation. Abelard established a school on the Montagne Sainte-Geneviève, while Champeaux founded the Saint-Victor school. Abelard, then thirty-five, met Héloïse, who was seventeen. Their union was marked by profound sentiments. Abelard's teachings were controversial, leading to his condemnation at the Council of Soissons in 1121, where his book "Opus Clarum" was ordered burned. The article questions Bernard's position in these events. Bernard, meanwhile, focused on the traditional teaching of Hugues, with whom he exchanged correspondences, resulting in the treatise "De Baptismo" around 1125. In the same year, Abelard was appointed Abbot of Saint-Gildas de Rhuys. Around 1121-1122, Abelard published "Sic et Non" and settled near Troyes, founding the Paraclet. He published "Theologia Christiana" around 1123-1124. In 1129, he ceded the Paraclet to Héloïse. Between 1131 and 1135, Bernard visited Héloïse. Abelard continued publishing, presenting "Scito Te Ipsum" in 1136. In 1140, Guillaume de Saint-Thierry warned Bernard about the negative impact of Abelard's writings and thought, initiating a rivalry that escalated, leading to a probable confrontation. Abelard doubted himself due to Bernard's strong motivation to oppose him, but was ill-advised and continued his struggle, which led him to the Council of Sens.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The magazine appears to focus on historical curiosities, forgotten inventions, and significant historical figures and events, particularly from medieval and early modern European history. The editorial stance seems to be one of historical exploration and presentation of facts, often highlighting the ingenuity of past inventors and the complex interplay of religion, politics, and personal lives in shaping historical outcomes. There is a clear emphasis on figures like Bernard of Clairvaux, who appears as a central, influential character across multiple historical narratives presented in this issue.

This issue, titled "L'apogée de la gloire" (The Zenith of Glory), delves into significant events and figures of the 12th century, primarily focusing on the intertwined lives and conflicts of Bernard of Clairvaux and Abélard, as well as the context of the Crusades and the rise of heresies.

Abélard's Condemnation and Demise

The issue details the events leading to Abélard's downfall, initiated by Arnauld de Brescia and the sub-deacon Hyacinthe. Abélard, seeking to defend his controversial ideas, proposed a debate at the Council of Sens, an event that occurred annually on the first Sunday of Pentecost. The Archbishop of Sens agreed, though Bernard was initially hesitant, feeling outmatched verbally. The council quickly turned against Abélard, who, overwhelmed by the accusations, appealed to the Pope as his only recourse.

Bernard, anticipating Abélard's move, preemptively sent extensive correspondence to the Pope, detailing Abélard's errors and supported by prominent Christian figures in France. This led to the Pope condemning Abélard before he could even leave France. On his way to Rome, Abélard learned of his condemnation at Cluny from Pierre le Vénérable. Moved by pity, Pierre le Vénérable offered Abélard hospitality, and Abélard eventually accepted the habit of Saint-Benoit, writing a second apology. He later died of a skin disease on April 21, 1142, at the priory of Saint-Marcel near Chalon-sur-Saône, at the age of 63. The issue notes the death of Pope Innocent II a year and a half later, succeeded by Celestine II.

The Second Crusade

The section "ORIGINES DE LA DEUXIEME CROISADE" (Origins of the Second Crusade) begins with the relative peace in the Holy Land in 1143. The death of Foulques V, King of Jerusalem, and the actions of his successor, Mélisende, led to the rupture of an alliance with Zenki, the emir of Damascus. The fall of Edessa in 1144, without any rescue, threatened the Holy Land. Alarming news reached France, prompting the king to call for a new expedition. His initial appeal on Christmas Day in Bourges was met with little response. After a meeting at Vézelay, Bernard, with the Pope's authorization, accepted the call to preach the crusade at the age of 56. The appeal at Vézelay on March 31, 1146, was a resounding success. Propaganda for the crusade spread throughout France. Emperor Conrad agreed to lead a German army of 100,000 men. In February 1147, the Council of Etampes planned the crusade's route, with Metz becoming the departure point.

Hildegarde of Bingen

"LA SIBYLLE DU RHIN" (The Sibyl of the Rhine) introduces Hildegarde, whom Bernard met in 1146. Born in 1098, she experienced visions from a young age and entered the Benedictine convent of Disiboderg. She continued to have visions, and upon the death of her mother superior, Jutta, Hildegarde was chosen to succeed her. She felt compelled to write down her visions and sought Bernard's advice. A commission investigated her life, and under Bernard's influence, the Pope supported her, finding no heretical thoughts in her visions. She spent ten years writing her book, the SCIVIAS. She later retired to a new monastery and died on September 17, 1179, at 82.

Gilbert de la Porrée

"GILBERT DE LA PORREE" discusses the theologian born in Poitiers. His reputation grew to rival Abélard's, but his teaching caused a scandal, leading to an appeal to the Pope in 1146. The debate was postponed to the Council of Paris in 1147. Bernard became involved, attending the council, which proved inconclusive. The matter was moved to the Council of Reims in 1148, where Bernard defended a report by the monk Godescale against Gilbert's writings. Gilbert eventually publicly admitted his errors.

Malachie O'Morgair

"SAINT-MALACHIE O'MORGAIR" recounts the life of the Irish saint born around 1094. He pursued religious studies and was ordained a priest. Ireland's social and religious state was dire. Malachie worked to re-establish the Church, founding the monastery of Ibrach. Upon the death of Archbishop Celse, Malachie succeeded him. In 1137, he considered retiring but, seeing the Church's instability, decided to appeal to the Pope. He traveled to Rome in 1139, stopping at Clairvaux where he met Bernard. On their return from Rome, they passed through Clairvaux again, and some of Malachie's companions remained there. Malachie returned to Ireland in 1140, and the Cistercian order began to grow rapidly. In 1148, seeking answers from the Pope, Malachie traveled to Rome again, stopping at Clairvaux, where he fell ill and died in early November. His final journey was fatal, despite his friends' warnings.

Heretical Sects

"Les sectes hérétiques" (Heretical Sects) covers two main movements. "LES TISSERANDS" (The Weavers) emerged in 1115 after the death of the preacher Tanchelm, characterized by a Manichaean motivation. Bernard was informed of their destructive effects by Evervin, abbot of Steinfeld. The sect was discovered and betrayed by monks who infiltrated it. Trials began in 1143, and in 1144, the clergy of Liège denounced the sect to Pope Lucius II. Bernard engaged in a lengthy combat against them, demonstrating their errors. The second sect discussed is "LES ARRIENS" (The Arians), a neo-Manichaean group in the Languedoc region. It was influenced by Pierre de Bruys and Henri, an itinerant monk. Henri's preaching in Le Mans in 1101 caused controversy, leading to his expulsion. He was later arrested and recanted his errors at the Council of Pisa in 1135, but he did not fully commit to a monastic life and rejoined Pierre de Bruys.

Pierre le Vénérable denounced Pierre de Bruys and Henri in 1139-1140. Their doctrine spread rapidly, overwhelming the Christian faith in the region. In 1145, the legate Alberic convinced Bernard to combat this heresy in the Languedoc, a difficult task due to Bernard's illness. He managed to bring peace to Bordeaux, which was suffering from discord between its archbishop and canons. Bernard then embarked on a successful preaching tour in cities like Sarlat, Cahors, and Toulouse. Henri, fearing Bernard's influence, went into hiding and was eventually arrested. Bernard stopped in Verfeil, where he was met with obstinacy, leading him to utter the famous curse: "VERFEIL, QUE DIEU TE DESSECHE!" (Verfeil, may God dry you up!). The town subsequently suffered economic ruin. Bernard rejoined the papal legate in Albi, but his mission was cut short as he was recalled to Clairvaux. The issue notes that the Manichaeans, dispersed by Henri, would later re-emerge as the Cathares 20 years later.

The Second Crusade's Failure and Bernard's Later Life

"Au soir de sa vie" (At the Evening of His Life) discusses the failure of the Second Crusade, with responsibilities being shifted among its proponents. Contributing factors included a lack of support from the King of Sicily, Roger. Conflicts in the Holy Land led to discussions about a third expedition. The Pope, Bernard, and others were motivated, but the King of Germany's reluctance and Suger's decision to lead the crusade were met with doubt. The issue mentions the death of Bernard's friends, including Rainard, abbot of Citeaux, and Thibaut of Champagne. Bernard also learned of Pope Eugene III's death. Bernard died on April 20, 1153, at 63, leaving behind 160 houses of his order. He was buried at Clairvaux and later canonized by Pope Alexander III.

Bernard's Writings

"Les écrits" (The Writings) lists Bernard's extensive literary output, including works on humility and pride, homilies on the Virgin Mary, apologies, treatises on grace and free will, love of God, the new knighthood, precepts and dispensations, the life of Saint Malachie, considerations addressed to Pope Eugene III, sermons on the Canticles of Canticles, and a treatise against the errors of Abélard addressed to Innocent II.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The recurring themes in this issue are the complex interplay between theology, church politics, and societal conflict in the 12th century. The editorial stance appears to be one of historical narrative, presenting the lives and actions of key figures like Bernard of Clairvaux and Abélard, and detailing significant events such as councils, crusades, and the suppression of heresies. There is a clear focus on Bernard's central role in many of these events, portraying him as a pivotal figure in shaping the religious and political landscape of his time. The issue also highlights the challenges faced by the Church in maintaining doctrinal purity and combating dissenting movements.

This issue of "L'INSOLITE" focuses on a visit to the remote Tibetan monastery of Nyima Dzong, located in the Verdon region of France. The magazine also explores historical scientific topics, including ancient remedies and early electrical experiments.

Nyima Dzong: A Visit to the Monastery

The article describes Nyima Dzong (Tibetan for Chateau des Soleils) as a small village of about fifty inhabitants living in almost complete autarky, nestled amidst mountains near the Verdon gorges. The monastery is characterized by prayer flags fluttering in the wind, giving it a festive air. Visitors are welcomed with kindness, even if they arrive at an inconvenient time, as the monastery operates on solar time. The community follows a strictly vegetarian diet based on grains like buckwheat, rice, and barley, served with garden vegetables, accompanied by homemade bread and fruit. The daily life is regulated by the sun, with early rising, ceremonies, personal practice, meals, and construction or agricultural work. The monastery is expanding to accommodate students, with women managing the gardens, meals, and household chores. Children are noted for their unusual calmness. The community consists of Europeans, and their spiritual leader, the Guru "Vénérable LAMA KUNZANG DORJE," is of Belgian origin and frequently travels to India.

The monastery has a mill a few kilometers away, which, through the work of community members for local farmers, generates a small income essential for its subsistence, covering electricity, telephone, fuel, and spices. The place is described as "alive," surrounded by living mountains and rivers, with pure water from hidden springs. It is presented as a sanctuary for those seeking spiritual practice, meditation, and the study of ancient teachings, emphasizing harmony with all visible elements.

Founded in 1974, the monastery welcomes summer students who must contribute to expenses and participate in community life through construction or agricultural work. They are prohibited from consuming alcohol, meat, or smoking. Traditional yoga and universal law disciplines are taught daily. The access road is on the N 555, between Draguignan and Castellane, near Pont de Soleils on the Verdon river, with signs indicating the way. Contact information is provided for OGYEN KUNZANG CHOLLING at Chateau des Soleils, F 04120 CASTELLANE, or by phone at (94) 76.90.88.

The Serpent Stone: An Ancient Remedy

The article "LA PIERRE DE SERPENT" discusses the historical belief in the stone's efficacy against poisons. It explains that the stone, once thought to be found in a serpent's head, is actually a piece of stag horn, shaped and lightly grilled. The method of use involves pricking a wound to draw blood and applying the stone, which is said to adhere until all venom is expelled. The duration of adherence varies from two days to over fourteen. After falling off, the stone is cleaned with milk and then water. The article notes that the stone is also considered effective against bites from rabid animals, though this claim is not guaranteed. It is suggested that the stone's properties might be due to volatile alkali content. However, a contrasting view is presented by François REDY, who reports unsuccessful experiments despite the stone adhering to wounds, suggesting it is a remedy that merits little confidence.

Further observations by Monsieur BOURDIER, a physician, suggest the remedy is only effective against bites from small, non-violent vipers, and insufficient for larger ones. The article also mentions a method from a German journal for the composition of the serpent stone. A more potent treatment used by Indigenous peoples is described: a soldier bitten by a snake was treated by applying the feathers from a chicken's anus to the wound. Several chickens died in succession, with the twenty-first surviving, indicating the venom had been expelled. Mr. BOURDIER suggests this method could be applied to other ailments like panaris, carbuncles, or even rabies.

Electricity and the Kite: Early Experiments

"CERF - VOLANT ELECTRIQUE" explores the history of scientific discoveries, drawing parallels between small causes and major phenomena, such as Archimedes' discovery of buoyancy and Newton's laws of gravity. It highlights that the study of electricity began with observing the attraction and repulsion of rubbed amber. The article traces the path from this initial observation to the electric kite experiment, emphasizing the slow progress of human understanding.

It details Dr. Franklin's experiment, where he used a kite with a metal wire (cannetille) and a sharp iron point to draw lightning from the sky. The electricity was conducted down a hemp string, received by a key, and used to charge Leyden jars and perform other electrical experiments. The article notes that Mr. de Romas, an assessor, had also conceived of a similar invention and achieved even greater effects without using an iron point.

The text recounts an incident on July 17, 1771, where the Duc de Pequigny launched an electric kite, resulting in a remarkable phenomenon: a large, bright globe of fire appeared in the sky, causing consternation and leading some to blame the physicist for challenging nature. The article dismisses this, attributing the event to natural electricity and refuting the idea that such experiments could disrupt the natural order.

It also warns of the dangers of such experiments, citing the case of Mr. Brown in October 1795, who was killed by lightning while flying a kite near an electrified cloud, along with his horse. The article stresses the need for extreme caution.

Reviving Old Writing: Techniques for Legibility

"MANIERE DE FAIRE REVIVRE L'ECRITURE" provides several methods for restoring faded writing on old documents. One method, devised by a Benedictine monk, involves a liqueur made from white onions, crushed gallnuts, and alum, boiled in water. This liquid, when heated and applied to the faded text with a cloth or paper, and then brought near a flame, is said to make the characters reappear.

Another method uses an infusion of gallnuts in white wine, applied with a brush. A simpler technique involves exposing the parchment to the steam of alcohol mixed with powdered gallnuts. For completely illegible papers, soaking them in a solution of copperas (vitriol) and then drying them is suggested, which is said to make the writing appear anew. The article cautions against mixing copperas and gallnut solutions, as their combination forms the basis of ink and would render the document entirely black.

Plain water is also suggested as a means to make writing reappear, by soaking the parchment and then pressing it between papers to prevent shrinking. The process can be repeated up to three times. Other methods mentioned include using an onion soaked in vinegar, or a mixture of alkali and marine acid applied with a brush and a pointed stick, which allegedly makes the letters appear in a beautiful blue. The article notes that most inks are iron-based and that the longevity of writing depends on the ink's quality and the parchment's preparation.

It also references a mineral water invented by Mr. Zecchini, a Venetian, reported in the "Nouvelles de la République des Lettres et des Arts" in 1785, which was effective in making faded writings legible.

PROSPECTION PAR MESURE DE RESISTIVITE DU SOL

This section explains the method of measuring soil resistivity for archaeological purposes. The technique involves passing a constant current through the soil via two electrodes (A and D) and measuring the voltage between two other electrodes (B and C). This voltage is proportional to the soil's resistivity.

Anomalies in resistivity readings can be interpreted: higher resistivity might indicate cavities or dry stone walls, while lower resistivity could suggest an ancient ditch filled with humus. The article provides example resistivity values for different materials like fertile earth, limestone, granite, dry sand, wet sand, and soft clay.

In practice, a grid (carroyage) of 0.5 or 1 meter squares is laid out. Metal electrodes are driven into the ground to a depth of about 20 cm, and readings are taken systematically. The process can be made more efficient with more electrodes, allowing for readings along different axes. A multiplier of 0.7 is recommended for diagonal readings to ensure consistency. The data can be represented graphically or using contour lines.

The article emphasizes that this method provides an indication and that the depth of investigation is roughly proportional to the spacing of the electrodes. A spacing of 0.5 meters is suitable only for examining the superficial layer of unworked terrain.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The recurring themes in this issue include the exploration of alternative lifestyles and spiritual communities (Nyima Dzong), the historical pursuit of knowledge in science and medicine (serpent stone, electricity), and the application of scientific methods to practical problems (archaeology, document restoration). The editorial stance appears to be one of curiosity and a desire to document diverse aspects of human experience, from the spiritual to the scientific, with a particular interest in historical accounts and early scientific endeavors. There is a clear emphasis on providing detailed explanations and historical context for the topics covered.

This issue of LA PROVINCIA, dated January 18, 1980, covers a diverse range of topics including unexplained phenomena, ancient history, and art history.

Articles

Paranormal Communication and Relativity

The issue begins with a report from New York discussing a curious phenomenon of instantaneous communication between subatomic particles, which could explain mysterious paranormal manifestations of the human being. It references a recent article in the Revue Scientific American that challenges Einstein's theory of relativity by suggesting that the speed of light may not be the universal speed limit. A group of physicists cited in the article claims that in over 60% of quantum fission experiments, subatomic particles exhibit an apparent capacity for instantaneous communication. Jack Sarfatti, a proponent of new physics, suggests the existence of a supra-luminal communication channel beneficial to humanity. This section is noted as a translation from a Spanish review.

Available Publications

Two books are listed as newly available: "EXTRATERRESTRES OU VOYAGEURS DU TEMPS" (dedicated) by Mr. Laronde, available from the author at BP114, 69643 Caluire Cedex, and "LA MEMOIRE DES OVNI" by Jean Bastide, published by Mercure de France, located at 26 Rue de Conde, 75006 Paris.

Address Book

• A 'Carnet d'Adresses' section lists several organizations:
• CENTRE D'ETUDES RECHERCHES PARAPSYCHOLOGIQUES, 4 Rue Edgard Mouton, Nimes.
• LES PELERINS DU COSMOS (published by the author), Jean Choisel, Val de Venazoubre, 34260 Le Bousquet d'Orb.
• ASSOCIATION FRANCAISE DE LA BONNE VOLONTE, 12 Rue de Montreuil, 94300 Vincennes.

Inquiry about the Holy Thorn

A reader inquires about the miracle of the Holy Thorn, preserved by the Templars in a reliquary, which reputedly bloomed on Good Friday.

The Oracles of Greece

This section explores the history and significance of oracles in ancient Greece. It details the role of the Sibyls, women who delivered prophecies, and mentions Sibyl Hérophile who traveled throughout Greece before settling in Cumae, Italy, becoming the most famous. The text notes the existence of collections of ancient oracles in Athens and Rome, maintained by interpreters. Public oracles were common at temples, with the most famous being those of Zeus-Jupiter at Dodona and Apollo at Delphi. The Pythia, a priestess at Delphi, would sit on a tripod over a chasm emitting gas, chew laurel leaves, and enter a trance to deliver incoherent words that priests would then interpret for the public. The article states that there were originally 10 oracles in Greece, each linked to a historical figure. The influence of Sibyls extended to Jewish prophets in the Mediterranean basin.

Important Dates for Future Earthly Upheavals

A list of significant dates is provided, spanning from November 1981 to May 2000, suggesting a connection to future global events.

Mysterious Disappearance of a Tourist Plane Pursued by a UFO

This article reports on the disappearance of a small tourist plane off the coast of Melbourne, Australia. The pilot, Frederick Valentich, 20 years old, managed to radio that a 'long form with a green light' was following him at an 'indeterminate speed' before contact was lost. Air traffic controllers confirmed a radio contact on Saturday at 7:06 PM, during which Valentich reported seeing four bright lights about 300 meters above him, initially mistaken for landing lights of a commercial aircraft. Two minutes later, he stated the phenomenon was approaching at an unassessable speed. He then described the object as 'a long form with a green light and a sort of metallic light on the side.' The controllers heard a noise, and then the contact was definitively broken. The article notes it was published in the press on October 25, 1978.

Communication with Spirits

This section discusses the ancient practice of communicating with spirits through wooden tables or other objects, a practice known as XILOMANIE (from Greek 'xilos' for wood and 'manteia' for divination). It explains that spirit knockers responded to questions from curious individuals, similar to modern practices.

UFO? (Photo Analysis)

This article presents a photograph taken during a trip organized by the Leisure Committee of the Macon Family Allowances Fund to the Canary Islands on May 28, 1976. The photo was taken under a clear blue sky, above a sea of clouds, between 1 PM and 2 PM, during an excursion to the Pico del Teide. The phenomenon, photographed by chance, does not appear to have been seen by anyone, despite the presence of hundreds of tourists. An examination of a large number of photos and films taken at the same location on the same day suggests it was photographed only once. The examination of the negative and its enlargement did not provide additional details, and the strange image lacks visual testimony.

Sculptures and Pamphlets

This section describes a site at DENEZE-SOUS-DOUE (49700), near Angers, in a place called 'LES MOUSSEAUX.' Annie List Brethon, the site's conservator, guides the reader through a unique cave covered in sculptures carved into 'TUFFEAU,' a soft limestone. The region is known for its troglodyte dwellings and underground farms. The cave is presented as an exhibition where each sculpture provides dating elements (musical instruments, costumes, etc.).

One example of dating is a head sculpture with a velvet ribbon on its forehead, associated with the Medici. The history of this ribbon is traced back to 1559, related to the injury of Henry II and Catherine de Medicis's mourning period. The article then discusses the political context of the time, with Henry II dead and Francis II as a minor, under the regency of the Guise family. A Calvinist plot to kidnap the King was discovered, leading to severe repression, with reports of over 10,000 executions. The article mentions that due to a shortage of ropes, condemned individuals were hanged in batches from the balconies of the Amboise castle.

It is revealed that Pope Pius IV Medici, uncle of Catherine, sent her a drawing by Michelangelo (an early version of the Pietà from Florence) as a thank-you for the reduction of Protestants in France. The story of this gift is recounted through a document titled 'Le réveil matin des français' (The French Morning Alarm), signed by PHILADELPHIE COSMOPOLITE TAILLEUR DE PIERRE LIBERTAIRE. The merchant tasked with delivering the drawing was Protestant and, fearing eternal damnation for breaking his oath, was advised to alter the drawing rather than the original canvas. The altered drawing depicted a scene that was a political caricature: a hache instead of a cross, naked figures of the Virgin and Joseph, with the Virgin resembling Catherine de Medicis, Joseph resembling Cardinal de Guise, and St. Jean resembling Marie Stuart. On their knees was not the body of Christ, but the dying King, with Catherine de Medicis and Guise governing France not by the cross, but by the hache.

Historical Prophecies and the Death of Henry II

The article connects the death of Henry II to a quatrain from Nostradamus's 'Centuries.' The quatrain describes a young lion overcoming an older one in battle, with eyes being gouged out in a golden cage, leading to a cruel death. This is interpreted as the duel between the Count of Montgomery (whose coat of arms featured a lion) and King Henry II, where Montgomery's lance pierced the King's visor, leading to his death ten days later. The article also mentions the fragile health of François II, who died at 16, aligning with another Nostradamus quatrain about a 'first son' with a short life.

Map of the Region

A map is included showing the area around DENEZE-SOUS-DOUE, SAUMUR, and ANGERS, indicating various towns and roads.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The magazine appears to have a strong interest in unexplained phenomena, historical mysteries, and esoteric subjects. The editorial stance seems to be one of investigation and reporting on these topics, often drawing connections between historical events, prophecies, and alleged paranormal occurrences. There is a clear fascination with the intersection of history, art, and the unexplained, as seen in the analysis of the Amboise artwork and the discussion of Nostradamus's prophecies.

This issue of L'Insolite, identified as N°13, focuses on the intriguing activity of 'La Chasse aux Commanderies' (The Hunt for Commanderies). The cover story details the methodology and passion behind this pursuit, which involves meticulously researching and locating former Templar sites. The issue is dated January 9, 1983, and chronicles a specific expedition undertaken on this date in the Dijon region of France.

The Hunt for Commanderies: Methodology and Expedition

The article begins by acknowledging the niche nature of 'commander hunters' but emphasizes their effectiveness. It explains that after the abolition of the Order of the Temple in 1307, their properties largely passed to similar orders like the Order of Malta. The core of the research involves creating a national, and potentially international, file of these Templar possessions. This file is supplemented by personalized dossiers for each site, especially if the building still exists.

Preparing for such a 'hunt' requires research using basic works to identify potential Templar locations. An itinerary is then planned, considering available time, travel distance, and the number of sites to be visited. Often, these locations are merely names of towns, villages, or hamlets, necessitating patient on-site investigation. The authors describe each outing as an adventure, with the unknown of what might be discovered.

The specific expedition detailed took place on Sunday, January 9, 1983, targeting commanderies in the Dijon area. Preparations had begun earlier, with an initial enigma surrounding the commandery of Fontenotte. While geographical and historical texts placed it north of Dijon, a review in ARCHEOLOGIA described its chapel as being southwest of the city. The program for the day included four commanderies, a significant number for a single day, not to mention any unexpected encounters.

The evening before the expedition, Saturday afternoon, was dedicated to 'veillée d'arme' (vigil of arms), where participants checked their equipment, including cameras, recording devices, and measuring tools. A packed lunch was planned for Sunday to save time.

The Expedition Day: Challenges and Discoveries

The expedition day began with a significant challenge: a thick fog covering the region, making the search risky. Monsieur MELLERET, a documentalist and photographer, joined the author, and they set off at 7:30 AM despite the poor conditions.

Their first stop was the Leprosarium or Maison Dieu of Meursault, founded before 1142. They could only take photographs there before heading towards Fauverney, where they expected to find the first commandery.

Passing through Cîteaux, the seat of the Cistercian Order, they noted that the abbey was obscured by the fog. In Fauverney, the village was also enveloped in mist, and almost deserted. A local resident provided information that the commandery had been destroyed. It was reportedly located near the current stadium, in a 'leue' (an inundated depression), and nothing remains of it. A wooden statue of Saint Claude was recovered from the site and kept by a local family, but the house itself was later destroyed, and the statue lost. Another person confirmed the location but could offer no further details. The fog and waterlogged paths made reaching the stadium area difficult, forcing them to abandon the search for that day, with plans to return.

After a brief visit to the church and cemetery, they proceeded towards the commandery of Fontenotte. On the N5 road, they spotted a large white inn. The name 'CRUCIFIX' caught their attention, prompting a quick U-turn, which drew noisy reproaches from oncoming drivers. This inn, located in Crimolois, was an old relay of the Order of Malta. Although closed, a woman inside allowed them to take photos and provided some explanations. A large cross dated 1160, possibly from a nearby chapel, was fixed to the facade, along with a fireplace plaque. After taking photos, they departed.

In Til-Chatel, they received directions to Fontenotte, requiring them to backtrack a few kilometers. The commandery was located off the road, about 300 meters away, hidden by woods.

Fontenotte and Beyond

Before entering the commandery grounds, they encountered a 'private property' sign, causing some anxiety about their reception. However, the tenant kindly provided information about the former Templar possession. The current farmyard covered about 2 hectares, but the original enclosure wall would have extended further into the woods. Two Templar-era buildings remained: a sheepfold, reminiscent of Cistercian granges, and a second building with two vaulted rooms, a bread oven, and a tower containing a spiral staircase. The location of the chapel was identified as being between these two buildings, now an empty space. It was revealed that the chapel had been dismantled stone by stone by the owner, who considered it his property since it was not classified. He took it with him when he moved southwest of Dijon to a place called 'La Bergerie'. After a discussion and photos, they left for their next destination, Curtil-Saint-Seine, as lunchtime approached.

Curtil-Saint-Seine, Avosnes, and Other Sites

Despite the persistent fog, they searched for a place to eat. As they ascended a hill, they suddenly emerged from the fog into bright sunlight.

In Curtil, the Templar house was unknown to the inhabitants. They were directed to the forest house of the GOA (formerly GOUA), near which an abbey was supposedly located. The tenant of the house could offer no information, nor could the mayor, who was also having lunch. The oldest cadastre in the town dated back only to 1812.

En route to the commandery of Avosnes, they stopped in Bligny-le-Sec to photograph a calvary dated 1502 (or 1562).

Friends from ADRUP had indicated that the mayor's farm in Bligny contained engraved stones. They found a carved lintel above a window. The mayor welcomed them and allowed them to take photos and provided information. This farm was likely a dependency of the Cistercian Abbey of Saint-Seine. A milestone with coats of arms was found in the woods behind the farm. The mayor indicated its location, though he doubted they would find it. They did find it about 2 km into the woods, about 20 meters off the road. The milestone bore the crosier of Cîteaux on one side and the coat of arms of Burgundy on the other.

They then headed towards Avosnes. Near a bend in the road, they spotted another milestone, almost identical to the previous one, marking the same boundary. They quickly photographed it due to its precarious location.

They passed the Priory of Aulnay, which was under restoration, and arrived in Avosnes. As usual, they crossed the village and were directed to what was believed to be the château, the former seat of the commandery. A resident, Madame V..., who was interested in the Templars, offered to find a book on the subject for them.

At the château, they were well received. Initially mistaken for curious tourists, they soon engaged in conversation with Mr. and Madame R..., who shared information about the Templar era. Only the first two floors of the house dated from that period. Madame R... showed them archives about the château, including 85 pages of translation, which mentioned the commandery of Bure and its commanders. However, they could not take notes as they lacked permission to copy the text.

As it grew late, they took their leave. Madame R... pointed out two things of interest in the village: a pattée cross above an old fountain and a baker's insignia carved on a door lintel.

They caught up with their informant, Madame R..., just as she was leaving. They looked at her book, 'Templiers en Amérique,' which they already knew.

They photographed the cross and the lintel. Night fell quickly, and they began their journey back to Macon, planning to visit the chapel of Barrain to see a statue of Saint Antoine. However, the chapel was locked, and they had no time to search the village.

They wished to visit the hamlet of La Bergerie on the way back to see the exact location of the Fontenotte commandery chapel, but as night was falling, they decided it would be a waste of time. They would have to return.

The return journey to Macon via the autoroute took an hour. Despite the approximately 450 km traveled and the day's agitation, they were happy with the enriching experience.

Research Scope and Call for Information

The article concludes by describing this as a typical day of commandery research. They often conduct these expeditions on weekends, covering regions near their base (Lyon, Grenoble, Vienne, Dijon) and sometimes further afield during holidays (Nord, Provence, Larzac).

B. Valette, for the Section ARCHEOLOGIE, issues a call to readers interested in the subject to provide any additional information they might have.

Publications Received and Useful Addresses

The issue also includes a section listing publications received, such as O.V.N.I. 43, G.O.V.N.I., LIGNE BLEUE SURVOLEE, O.V.N.I. PRESENCE, LES CHRONIQUES DE LA C.L.E.U., GEPO INFORMATION, and AMAZONE. It also provides useful addresses for organizations like EUROCLIO, G.E.R.P., KADATH, and the LABORATOIRE MARCEL VIOLET.

Vieilles Cartes Postales Insolites: The End of the German Empire

Another section, 'Vieilles Cartes Postales Insolites,' features a curious and authentic legend related to the end of the German Empire in 1849. It tells a story involving Kaiser Wilhelm, Queen Louise of Prussia, a sorceress, and a prophecy tied to the numbers of the year 1849, leading to the year 1871, 1888, and finally 1913, the year the empire would fall.

The Templars of LAHNEL

A brief mention is made of the Templars of LAHNEL, stating that even after the Pope abandoned the Order, the knights remained together and returned to the fortress of LAHNEL on the Rhine. They were besieged and fought until the last man.

The Order of Saint-Lazare

This section details the history of the Order of Saint-Lazare of Jerusalem. Founded during the First Crusade, it was initially a religious and hospitalier order for lepers, becoming a military order in the 13th century. It is noted for its participation alongside Saint-Louis at the Battle of Mansourah and its subsequent massacre at Gaza in 1244. The Order received its first establishment in France in 1154 with the castle of Boigny near Orleans. In 1603, it was united with the Order of Saint-Maurice, and in 1608, with the Order of Notre Dame du Mont-Carmel, remaining so until the Revolution. The text then focuses on the location of Aigrefeuille, mentioning its various spellings over time and the meaning of its Latin term 'Agriifolium' (holly), likely due to the marshy and wooded environment. It is suggested that a farm already existed there when the Lazarists settled, transforming it into a Preceptory, which became a significant and ancient foundation of the Order.

A list of commanders who succeeded each other at Aigrefeuille from the foundation (between 1225 and 1342) up to 1744 is provided. The remaining structures of the commandery include a chapel dedicated to Saint Andrew, with a barrel vault and some frescoes. The chapel had suffered damage, including the destruction of its bell tower in 1611 by the Protestant Passin family. It was later repaired and adorned with the coat of arms of Commander François Meigret de Hauteville. A small bell from 1684 with the inscription 'SANCTE LAZARE, ORA PRO NOBIS' was also present. A polychrome wooden statue of Saint Lazare from the 17th century is now kept at the rectory of Bage-la-Ville. The article notes that the history of this commandery has been covered by authors Gabriel Jeanton and Abbé J.C. Martin, and that L'Insolite plans to dedicate a future issue to the Order of Saint-Lazare.

Petite Histoire de la Pierre Armoriée d'Aigrefeuille

This section recounts the story of an armorial stone from F.M. de Hauteville, which was previously located above the chapel door in Aigrefeuille. The stone mysteriously disappeared about twenty years prior and was believed to be stolen. Thieves had indeed detached it but broke it in two during their hasty escape, leaving it in nettles. A local resident found the stone and kept it without realizing its significance until recently. He then 'bequeathed' the stone, and through the 'Amateurs d'Insolite,' the association 'Les Amis du Site des 3 Bâgés' will exhibit it to the public. The stone's actual height is 65 cm.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The recurring theme in this issue is the exploration of historical sites, particularly those related to medieval military and religious orders like the Templars and the Order of Saint-Lazare. The editorial stance appears to be one of passionate historical investigation and documentation, encouraging reader participation and the sharing of knowledge. The magazine aims to uncover and preserve historical information, often through adventurous field research and the compilation of detailed records. There is a clear interest in the esoteric and the unusual, as suggested by the magazine's title, 'L'Insolite,' and the inclusion of sections like 'Vieilles Cartes Postales Insolites.' The publication also serves as a platform for connecting researchers and enthusiasts, fostering a community around these historical pursuits.

This document comprises several pages from a French publication, primarily focusing on esoteric, ufological, and historical topics. The main publication appears to be 'L'Insolite', with 'ADEREPO' taking over its publication. The issue number is N°14, and the publication date is indicated as 1977. The magazine is published in France and is in French.

Communiqué de l'Insolite

This section announces the conclusion of 'L'Insolite' with issue N°14, which concludes the first part of 'L'Aventure de la Bible'. It strongly recommends readers to continue with ADEREPO, who will carry on the publication without interruption.

Communiqué de ADEREPO

ADEREPO expresses a certain unease about the cessation of 'Les Amateurs d'Insolite', feeling it was close in spirit and aspirations to their own publication. ADEREPO has been publishing bi-monthly since 1977, covering topics such as alchemy, pyramids, religions, reincarnation, ancient measures, organized night walks (by Association A.D.E.R.E.P.O.), methods for producing energy, and astrology. They emphasize their goal is to inform rather than please, giving voice to anyone with something to say, even if it is controversial. They believe knowledge should circulate and that everyone can contribute. The publication aims to foster a research-oriented dialectic rather than dogmatic teaching. Articles may not always be attractively formatted due to the focus on content and open-mindedness. They state that ADEREPO is a place for seeking, not for finding a unique path or a finished product that enforces dogmatism; instead, it encourages self-discovery.

The annual subscription costs 70 francs. For a summary of topics and a sample issue, readers are asked to send 10 French Francs in stamps, check, or money order to ADEREPO, BP 121, 12001 Rodez Cedex.

Nous avons reçu...

This section mentions 'LE MAGNETISEUR' (BP 4009, 30001 Nîmes Cedex) and lists some of the topics covered in their publication: Parapsychology, the healer's herbarium, dowsing, hand-based poetry, zodiac signs, parapsychologists of the afterlife, telepathy, and warnings about danger.

Extraits du Catalogue des Editions Pardes

This is a catalog of books published by Editions Pardes, listing authors and titles with prices in French Francs (FB). The topics covered are diverse, including:

• Biblical and Historical Studies: 'La Fin des Temps', 'Du Règne de la Mère au Patriarcat', 'Des Mages alchimistes à Nostradamus', 'Les mystères de la France et le secret des temps', 'Passeports pour des Temps Nouveaux', 'Le Symbolisme du Temple chrétien', 'Textes mythologiques irlandais', 'Le Testament de Nostradamus', 'GRAAL & ALCHIMIE', 'Histoire des Vendéens'.
• Mythology and Symbolism: 'La Mythologie celtique', 'Mythologie des Filles des Eaux', 'Le Mystère du Graal', 'Symboles et Mythes de la Tradition occidentale', 'Les quatres âges de l'Humanité', 'Les rythmes dans l'Histoire', 'Le secret des 360 degrés symboliques', 'Les Druides', 'La Femme celte', 'Le Graal', 'Le Cavalier bleu: le dernier chevalier du Graal', 'L'Atlantide - Légendes et Réalités', 'Le Symbolisme dans la Fable', 'Symbolisme et Art sacré en Italie', 'Le mythe de Tristan et Yseult'.
• Esotericism and Parapsychology: 'L'Initiation féminine', 'Les aspects astrologiques', 'Notre méthode pour apprendre l'astrologie', 'Symbolisme maçonnique et Tradition chrétienne'.

Payment for books can be made by check to Daniel Cologne at 6, rue Lieutenant Liedel, 1070 Bruxelles, Belgium, or by bank transfer.

Les Blancs Manteaux...

This article discusses the 'Blancs Manteaux' (White Cloaks), a religious order often cited in literature and media in relation to the Knights Templar in Paris. It clarifies that the 'Blancs Manteaux' was an independent order founded in Marseille in 1257 by a Papal Bull from Alexander IV. In 1258, they acquired property in Paris adjacent to the Templars' land. Their commander, Amauri de la Roche, allowed them to build structures, including a church and a cemetery. The monks wore white habits and followed the Rule of St. Benedict. The order was abolished in 1274 at the Council of Lyon under Gregory X. In 1298-1299, Boniface VIII and Philip the Fair transferred the monastery to the Hermits of St. William, forcing the 'Blancs Manteaux' to change orders. The article also notes that the order was sometimes known as 'Frères de Notre-Dame de Mont-Verd' or 'Serfs de la Sainte-Vierge'.

Les Mots de Pouvoir ou Mantra

This section delves into the concept of 'Mantra'. It explains that 'Mantra' is a Sanskrit word meaning 'sacred formula', derived from 'MAN' (contemplation) and 'TRA' (expansion/liberation). Mantras are described as chants used to achieve fusion with transcendental existence, originating from Vedic times and possessing magical qualities in Brahmanism. The core idea is that sound is the origin of things, that sound is God, and that every being is sound. The universe is seen as the manifestation of Ishwara, the creative principle, a 'form of sound'. Mantras are groups of sound vibrations that affect consciousness and the psyche, creating visual forms in the soul through rhythmic repetition. The article highlights the association of the word with creation, quoting "In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was God." It emphasizes that sound puts matter into vibration and that ancient philosophers considered sound a superior agent of transformation. The mantra 'OM' is presented as the primordial sound, the Verbe, the essence of Vedic tradition, and the arc of the Moi with Brahmâ as the arrow. Correctly pronounced, 'OM' represents the entire phenomenon of sound production. The sacred word 'OM' has various effects, producing a force of attraction on subtle matter when uttered with intense spiritual aspiration. Its expression is based on the law of vibration, aiming to create activity and harmony between the vibrations of consciousness and the inner Self.

The article further discusses the 'OM' in the context of A.A. Bailey's work 'La guérison ésotérique', stating that exhaling 'OM' leads to self-knowledge and connects one to prana, the life force. The power of 'OM' is amplified when used with a mastered mental focus, stimulating creative imagination and liberating consciousness. It synthesizes the three aspects of man: spirit, soul, and body. The 'OM', along with other words of power, should originate from the soul, propelled by the will, and externalized as a thought-form.

A distinction is made between 'AUM', 'OM', and 'SON'. 'AUM' corresponds to three stages of respiration and seven sounds, representing seven states of consciousness or energy centers, and is associated with illusion and the relationship between body, soul, and spirit. 'OM' represents liberation and the relationship between soul and spirit. 'SON' (Sound) is the expression of the Spirit. All are linked to vibration, with 'Son' being the alpha and omega, transcending time and space. The mantra 'OM MANI PADME HUM' is mentioned in relation to Tibetan tradition and prayer wheels. The article concludes by quoting Patanjali and A.A. Bailey on the practice of repeating 'OM' and meditating on its meaning, emphasizing the union of sound, light, vibration, and form.

Measurement of Soil Resistivity

This section includes technical diagrams and explanations related to measuring soil resistivity. It shows a circuit diagram for a constant current generator and illustrates the concept of an electric field in the soil. A graph depicts the variation of electrical tension between points B and C as a function of the subsurface, showing how different geological features like cavities, filled ditches, and rocks affect the readings. The schematic shows a constant current generator circuit using components like IN 4002, 2N3055, operational amplifiers (741), capacitors, and resistors.

Back Cover

The back cover features a circular, symbolic illustration with various elements, including a globe, astrological symbols (Omega), the number '100', 'LOVE', '666', and the text 'LES AMATEURS D'INSOLITE'. It also includes an 'EXPEDITEUR' (Sender) section with the address for 'LES AMATEURS D'INSOLITE', BP 186, 71007 Macon Cedex, France.

Order Form

Page 5 contains an order form for back issues of 'L'Insolite' (numbers 5 through 14), with prices and participation in shipping costs. It states that subscriptions are no longer taken beyond issue N°14 and that airmail shipping is discontinued. It also provides payment details (bank check, postal coupon, current French stamps) and contact information for orders, including an address in Dijon for CCP (Compte Courant Postal).

Summary of the 14 Issues

Page 6 provides a detailed table of contents for the 14 issues of 'L'Insolite'. The topics covered are extensive and include:

• Issue 1: Association statutes, OVNI phenomenon, Glozel, phosphénisme, OVNI detector.
• Issue 2: Glozel (continued), zodiac personality, phosphénism, apparitions of Kerizien, radiesthesia monitor, Malaucène seminar.
• Issue 3: Mysterious inscription in Vaison-la-Romaine, Geller effect, Commanderie de St Antoine de Macon, OV investigation, healer Alain Clerico, unusual geology, Claude Rael, Apocalypse prophet.
• Issue 4: Order of Antonins, soul's journey, OV investigations, Marcel Violet's methods, doctors from the afterlife, OVNI at Glozel, toponymy.
• Issue 5: Sarrasine chimneys of Bresse, quest for the Grail, Kervan's experiences, new PSI effect, manipulation, unusual accounts.
• Issue 6: Spiritual healers, ecology, Jean Pain method, the Bible, Falicon, unusual observation, graphology, glaciers.
• Issue 7: Anti-demon of Mascon, the Bible (cont.), Woevre region, unusual tomb, origins of life, civilization, pyramids, mummification.
• Issue 8: Pentateuch and Moses, glaciers (cont.), Jeanne d'Arc, OV investigations, animal magnetism, election of Popes, divine names in the Bible.
• Issue 9: Divinity of the Bible, master marks, the press and OVNI, pyramid effect, meteorites, OVNI, propagation, discovery of Mars satellites, danger, General Assembly of the United Nations.
• Issue 10: The Bible, species in danger of extinction, legend of the Holy Cross, phosphenic yoga, absolution cross, ship-ology, extra-sensory perception, Egyptian tale, message of the Master.
• Issue 11: Swindles, strange swindles, perpetual lamps, Greek fire, inventions, ship-ology (cont.), animal magnetism device, Glozel, anniversary: 666, aerostats, PK effect.
• Issue 12: The Bible (cont.), anniversary: OVNI in the press in 1950, presages in meteorology, Order of Malta, telegraphic style, magic squares, reflections on OVNI motivations.
• Issue 13: The white lady, time of wolves, card reading, the Bible (cont.), OVNI trees, St Bernard, messages from before the end of the world.
• Issue 14: The Bible, Colossus of Rhodes, inventions, St Bernard (conclusion), 'L'Insolite' visits Nyima Dzong, serpent stone, kite, writing revival, archaeology, hunting for commanderies, Order of St. Lazarus at Aigrefeuille, OVNI sculptures, pamphlets.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The recurring themes in this collection of documents are ufology ('OVNI', 'UFO'), esotericism, mysticism, ancient history and civilizations (Templars, Bible, Graal, Egypt, Atlantis), parapsychology, and alternative sciences (alchemy, astrology, dowsing, energy production). The editorial stance, particularly from ADEREPO, is one of open inquiry, information dissemination, and encouraging individual research and self-discovery, rather than promoting dogma or seeking to please. There is a strong emphasis on the power of sound, vibration, and consciousness, as exemplified by the detailed discussion of mantras.