Indian Skeptic - 2010 05

Magazine Overview

This issue of Indian Skeptic, dated May 2010 (No. 01/05), is an e-magazine published by Manoj Trichambaram, with the stated aim of fostering scientific temper, humanism, and the spirit of inquiry and reform in India. The magazine is distributed free of charge.

Articles and Content

Baba Ramdev: Yogi in Politics!

This article, authored by Narendra Nayak, critically examines the political ambitions of Baba Ramdev (Ram Kishen Yadav). It questions his claims of incorruptibility and his simplistic solutions to complex problems, such as poverty and homosexuality, which he attributes to yoga. The author highlights Ramdev's encyclopedic, yet unverified, knowledge spanning medicine, surgery, and nutrition. The piece details Ramdev's controversial prediction of an AIDS cure through yoga and ayurveda, which drew criticism from the government. It also touches upon his TV programs where he allegedly misinterprets medical reports and promotes unapproved 'medicines' manufactured in sweatshops. The article points out Ramdev's hypocrisy in criticizing politicians while accepting grants and traveling on state helicopters. It suggests his political aspirations are driven by a desire for power and to safeguard his empire, potentially serving as the 'C team' for the Hindutva movement, aiming to influence elections and form ruling combinations.

Khap Panchayats - Arrested Social Transformation

Authored by Ram Puniyani, this article discusses the regressive role of Khap Panchayats, particularly in Haryana. These exclusively male bodies, dominated by village elites, are depicted as upholding outdated caste and gender norms that contradict the Indian Constitution. The piece highlights the brutal killing of Manoj and Babli, a couple who married against the Panchayat's wishes, and the subsequent legal protection they sought, only to be murdered. The article notes that these Panchayats often advocate for amendments to Hindu marriage laws to prevent inter-caste or intra-Gotra marriages, labeling such killings as 'Honor Killings.' It draws parallels with similar incidents in Pakistan and traces the historical context of caste and gender transformations in India, noting how social reformers like Jotiba Phule, Savitribai Phule, Dr. Ambedkar, Ram Mohan Roy, and Mahatma Gandhi fought against practices like Sati and untouchability. The author argues that the process of social transformation, which gained momentum with industrialization and education, has been arrested since the 1980s due to economic policies, globalization, cultural shifts, and the rise of religious politics, which externalize minorities but internally target the equality of Dalits and women.

Atheist Eve

This is a brief mention of an article by Tracie Harris.

In Defence of Rationalism

Authored by T V Manoj, this article likely argues for the importance and application of rational thought.

Role of Rationalism in Eradicating Communalism

Written by R G Rao, this piece explores how rationalism can be a tool to combat communalism.

From the President of FIRA

This section features a contribution from Narendra Nayak, identified as the president of the Federation of Indian Rationalist Associations (FIRA).

Book Review: Battle Against Supernatural

Prabhakar Nanawaty reviews the book 'Battle Against Supernatural,' likely discussing its themes and arguments related to skepticism and the supernatural.

Editorial Stance and Recurring Themes

This issue of Indian Skeptic strongly advocates for rationalism, scientific temper, and critical thinking. It critiques figures like Baba Ramdev for promoting unverified claims and exploiting people, and condemns the regressive social practices upheld by Khap Panchayats. The magazine appears to champion progressive social values, gender equality, and constitutional principles, contrasting them with the rise of fundamentalism and religious politics. The recurring themes include the defense of reason against superstition, the critique of social injustices rooted in caste and tradition, and the examination of the intersection of religion, politics, and social reform in India. The issue concludes with a powerful quote from Thomas Paine on the destructive nature of revealed religion.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The recurring themes in this issue of Indian Skeptic are the critical examination of social and political figures, the promotion of rationalism and scientific temper, and the critique of regressive social practices. The editorial stance is clearly skeptical of unsubstantiated claims, particularly those related to spirituality, traditional practices, and political movements that are perceived as detrimental to social progress and equality. The magazine champions secularism, constitutional values, and critical inquiry, positioning itself as a voice against superstition, communalism, and the manipulation of religious sentiments for political gain. The emphasis on 'developing the scientific temper, humanism and the spirit of inquiry and reform' is evident throughout the articles.

This issue of Indian Skeptic, dated May 2010, focuses on the theme of 'In Defence of Rationalism', with a cover story by T V Manoj. The magazine also features a comic strip titled 'Atheist Eve' by Tracie Harris.

Atheist Eve Comic Strip

The comic strip 'Atheist Eve' by Tracie Harris presents a dialogue where one character questions the reliability of eye-witness accounts of alien abductions, pointing out inconsistencies and the potential for mistaken identity. The other character defends the belief by citing personal experience and the persecution faced by those who claim such experiences, but the first character dismisses this as insufficient evidence to accept alien abductions.

Tracie Harris is identified as a graphic designer from Austin, Texas, US, who created 'Atheist Eve' after recovering from a fundamentalist upbringing. Her work has been published since October 2004 and is archived online. 'Atheist Eve' is reproduced with the author's permission.

In Defence of Rationalism by T V Manoj

What is Rationalism?

The article begins by defining Rationalism in epistemology as the theory that reason, rather than experience, is the foundation of certainty in knowledge. It contrasts this with Empiricism, where knowledge is based on sensory experience. However, the article clarifies that in the context of a Rationalist Movement, a broader definition is used, which involves eradicating prejudices, fundamentalism, casteism, superstition, and debunking unsubstantiated claims. This broader sense of rationalism is described as the practice of basing opinions and actions on reason and knowledge, rather than religious belief or emotional response, aligning with scientific reasoning and empirical knowledge.

Is atheism our exclusive concern?

This section addresses the criticism that rationalists are exclusively preoccupied with promoting atheism and exposing godmen. The author argues this is incorrect for two reasons. Firstly, early proponents of rationalism in South India, such as E.V. Ramaswamy, Gora, and Sahodaran Ayyappan, were also at the forefront of the anti-caste movement. The article highlights the contributions of E.V. Ramaswamy in reshaping the socio-political landscape of Tamil Nadu, Gora's role in eradicating untouchability in Andhra Pradesh through the Atheist Centre, and H. Narasimhiah's work as an educationist in Karnataka.

Secondly, the overt association of the rationalist movement with miracle exposure is attributed to the media coverage of Abraham Kovoor's campaigns. The author defends miracle exposure and debunking, quoting Stephen Jay Gould who described skepticism and debunking as essential for a safe and sane life. This is deemed even more crucial in a society steeped in religious rituals and dogmas, especially when 'gurus' and 'sanyasins' are seen as collaborating with anti-secular Hindu fascists. The article asserts that rationalists should not apologize for their campaign to expose godmen who defraud the masses and encroach upon politics.

Defending Debunking

Debunking is presented as a tool for teaching critical thinking. The article quotes Perry Weddle, who emphasizes logic, reason, and straight thinking as essential tools for achieving goals and evaluating desires. The author suggests that rationalists should not confine themselves to exposing astrologers and godmen like Puttaparthy Sai Baba but should broaden their scope. This is because contemporary godmen, such as Baba Ramdev and Sri Sri Ravishankar, are masquerading as medical or wellness experts and making astounding claims about ancient wisdom and breathing techniques, often charging hefty fees without tangible benefits.

The article also categorizes 'new-age' spiritualists like Deepak Chopra, who make unsubstantiated claims about spiritualism, yoga, or Ayurveda. It calls for enlisting scientists and medical professionals to expose such claims. The author also mentions the role of Michael Shermer's book 'Why People Believe Weird Things' and Stephen Jay Gould's forward to it.

Defending Secularism

Secularism is identified as the highest value for rationalists in India, with debunking godmen and superstitions being secondary. The article traces the spirit of secularism in the Indian constitution, even before its formal insertion in 1976, citing Supreme Court judgments like Kesavananda Bharati and S.R. Bommai. However, it points out infirmities in the practice of secularism in India, such as the lack of absolute separation between state and religion, the right of religious minorities to run educational institutions, and subsidies for Haj pilgrims. Recent court rulings on Hindutva and idol immersion are also cited as examples of retrogressive decisions.

The author argues that a secular state with a religious citizenry is a contradiction and that the ailments marring secularism stem from this. To ensure democracy and human rights, the propagation of secular values among the people is deemed essential. The article concludes this section by quoting Alan Sokal and Jean Bricmont on the emergence of an intellectual culture that is rationalist, scientifically minded, open-minded, and politically progressive.

Role of Rationalism in Eradicating Communalism - Part II by R.G.Rao

This section discusses the challenges faced by rationalists, who are often disliked by both religious and fundamentalist groups. The author suggests that rationalists may sometimes find themselves aligned with modern myths propagated by communalists, such as the benefits of yoga or pseudoscience. To avoid this, rationalists need to be well-informed not only about religion but also about subjects like history, medicine, anatomy, physiology, astronomy, and psychiatry.

The article emphasizes the need to cultivate a rationalist outlook in India, seeing it as a testing ground for rationalism's validity worldwide. It highlights India's pluralistic nature and contending religious traditions. The author contrasts spiritualistic doctrines, which often advise retreat and withdrawal, with the new secular morality that seeks happiness and realization in this life. Rationalists aim to discover new truths, resolve human problems, and realize human needs through reason, science, and education.

Rationalists are encouraged to educate people, counter arguments from the fundamentalist camp, and provide a support system for those who may be drawn to communal groups due to a sense of belonging or insecurity. The article stresses that facts in rationalism must stand scrutiny, unlike the 'faith'-based claims of communal groups. It advocates for using reason and science to reconstruct values and calls for a willingness to understand differing views, promoting tolerance and freedom of belief.

The author also discusses the need to engage with different target groups, including the educated elite, who may be more resistant to rationalist ideas. The movement's task is seen not just as rejecting false superstitions but as building a better world based on knowledge and reason. The article mentions that ideas and values of Rationalism and Humanism have already had far-reaching transforming effects.

R.G.Rao (Somu) is identified as the National Secretary of the Federation of Indian Rationalist Associations.

From the President of FIRA by Narendra Nayak

Narendra Nayak, President of FIRA, reports on the organization's activities, particularly in Bihar and Uttar Pradesh. He notes the establishment of a well-organized state-level movement in Bihar through collaboration with 'Science for Society, Bihar'. The article recounts an incident where a Member of Parliament honored Tantriks, which led to Premanand being invited to conduct a training program, initiating the relationship with 'Science for Society, Bihar'.

Nayak highlights Bihar and Uttar Pradesh as backward states with high infant mortality rates and prevalent superstitions, attributing this to the people's mindset that things are predestined. He mentions the Bill Gates foundation's interest in bringing about a paradigmatic change in these states. The article discusses FIRA's plans to establish organizations for the promotion of rationalism in Bihar and Uttar Pradesh, aiming to change people's outlook through their activities.

The report details training programs conducted in Bihar and planned for Uttar Pradesh, focusing on inculcating scientific temper. It also mentions plans for meetings and conferences in North India, including states like Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, Jharkhand, and Orissa, which are described as having appalling and life-threatening superstitions. A state-level conference in Karnataka and planned divisional and district-level conferences are also noted. The need for an aggressive counter-campaign against superstitions in the media is emphasized.

Training programs are also lined up in Bangalore and Vijayawada, with a workshop on developing scientific temper organized in Chennai. These workshops have become popular, and the need for more trainers is highlighted. The author expresses regret that the movement has not progressed as much as it should have, urging introspection and change.

Rationalist in Action by Prabhakar Nanawaty

This section reviews the book "Battle against Supernatural" by Prof. Narendra Nayak. The author, Prabhakar Nanawaty, notes the common presumption that rationalists are armchair philosophers, but argues that this is not true. He highlights Prof. Narendra Nayak as a star performer in confronting superstitious elements and godmen, despite facing harassment. Nayak has been actively involved in the rationalist movement for three decades, contributing articles and letters.

His book "Battle against Supernatural" is a compilation of these writings, covering the period from 1988 to 2006. The articles are described as short and precise due to media limitations, and they address various issues including Satya Sai Baba, Mata Amritanand Mayi, Benny Hill, Sri Sri Ravishankar, Kalki Bhagwan cult, and psychic surgeon Alex Orbito. The book is presented as an eye-opener for activists in the field, appreciating Nayak's multifaceted activities and strong views on advancing the rationalist movement.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The recurring themes in this issue revolve around the promotion and defense of rationalism, secularism, and critical thinking in India. The magazine strongly advocates for debunking superstitions, exposing fraudulent godmen, and challenging religious dogma. There is a clear emphasis on the importance of reason, science, and education as tools for social progress and individual empowerment. The editorial stance is unequivocally pro-rationalist and secular, viewing these principles as essential for the development of a democratic and progressive society in India. The issue also highlights the challenges faced by the rationalist movement in a country with deeply ingrained religious traditions and superstitions.

Title: Indian Skeptic
Issue: May 2010
Publisher: Indian Skeptic
Country: India
Language: English
Cover Headline: Battle against Supernatural
Price: Rs 105
Page Count: 27 pages (excluding cover and back page)

This issue of "Indian Skeptic" magazine, dated May 2010, prominently features the work of rationalist Prof Narendra Nayak, who is dedicated to exposing superstitions, fraudulent spiritual leaders, and quackery in India. The magazine presents Nayak's campaigns and writings, offering a critical perspective on various spiritual and pseudoscientific claims.

Prof Narendra Nayak's Crusade Against Superstitions

The central theme of the magazine revolves around Prof Narendra Nayak's extensive efforts to debunk what he considers to be misleading practices and outrageous claims made by self-proclaimed godmen and spiritual gurus. Nayak's mission is described as a divine miracle exposure campaign, where he not only demonstrates the tricks used by these individuals but also explains the scientific principles behind them. His work is characterized as being at great personal risk, as he challenges deeply ingrained beliefs and powerful figures.

Exposés of Prominent Spiritual Figures

Prof Nayak has actively challenged numerous spiritual leaders, including:

• Satya Sai Baba: Nayak has written extensively exposing Satya Sai Baba, despite his continued popularity and accumulation of wealth. The article mentions an incident of Lokayya Pujari's murder within the premises of a school run by Baba, and Nayak's challenge to Baba to perform specific feats, which went unanswered.
• Kalki Bhagwan: Nayak exposes Kalki Bhagwan and his wife's cult as an extortionist organization aimed at exploiting the innocent.
• Mata Amritanandmayi: Nayak scrutinizes her claims of miraculous powers, such as lighting lamps without oil and curing a leper by sucking a wound, questioning the authenticity of such acts.
• Sri Sri Ravi Shankar: Nayak dismisses the social service claims of the Art of Living founder, calling his Sudarshan Kriya Yoga a fraud and noting that his followers seek a Nobel Peace Prize nomination for him.
• Valmiki Hanumanthrayappa: Nayak publicly exposed this individual from Karnataka who claimed to name playing cards without seeing them due to blessings from Shani (Saturn).
• Alex Orbito: A faith healer from the Philippines, Orbito is accused of decamping with a large sum of money collected from people.
• Benny Hinn: An evangelist faith healer, Hinn's business model, involving a private jet and personal bodyguards, is presented as an example of how religion can be a lucrative business. The article notes the opposition from groups like the Sangh Pariwar to Hinn's activities.

Critiques of Unscientific Practices

Beyond individual exposés, Prof Nayak also addresses broader unscientific trends:

• Astrology: Nayak challenges astrologers, offering a reward of Rs 50,000 and his personal belongings to anyone who can prove astrological claims, such as predicting election results. He criticizes the practice of mixing astrology with astronomy.
• Cow Urine Therapy: Nayak criticizes the VHP-BJP-RSS gang for promoting cow's urine as a panacea for numerous diseases, questioning the scientific basis and highlighting the racket of selling its distillate.
• Alternative Therapies: Nayak explains that many alternative and complementary therapies, including faith healing, work primarily through psychosomatic effects and are limited to treating self-limiting illnesses.

Consumer Activism and Rationalist Movement

Prof Nayak is also presented as a consumer activist, having included articles on nutritional ads, orphanage rackets, and spiritualism as a business. He outlines a plan of action for the rationalist movement, which includes developing a database, investigating phenomena, challenging claimants, building support, organizing, using media, reacting fast, and getting involved.

Tools for Skeptical Thinking by Carl Sagan

An excerpt from Carl Sagan's essay, "The Fine Art of Baloney Detection," is featured, outlining key principles for skeptical thinking. These include:

• Seeking independent confirmation of facts.
• Encouraging substantive debate.
• Recognizing that authorities can err; experts are more reliable than authorities.
• Spinning multiple working hypotheses and testing them systematically.
• Avoiding over-attachment to one's own hypothesis.
• Quantifying phenomena whenever possible.
• Ensuring every link in an argument is sound.
• Applying Occam's Razor to choose the simpler explanation.
• Ensuring hypotheses are falsifiable.

Other Contributions and Editorial Stance

The magazine also includes a quote from B. Premanand: "God is necessary to those who need a crutch, to those who'll go mad without this crutch." The issue also mentions the "Bangalore Vicharavadi Sangha" (Bangalore Rationalist Association) and its monthly lectures. The editor of "Thought & Action," Prabhakar Nanawaty, is also mentioned.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The recurring themes in this issue are skepticism, rationalism, and the critical examination of claims related to supernatural phenomena, miracles, and spiritual practices. The editorial stance is clearly in favor of scientific inquiry, evidence-based reasoning, and the exposure of fraud and exploitation under the guise of spirituality. The magazine aims to educate readers about the dangers of uncritical belief and to promote a more rational approach to understanding the world.