Ground Saucer Watch Bulletin - 1981 08 - August

Magazine Overview

Title: GSW NEWS BULLETIN
Issue Date: August 1981
Publisher: Ground Saucer Watch (GSW), Inc.
Location: Phoenix, Arizona, USA

This issue of the GSW News Bulletin delves into several key topics within the field of ufology, reflecting on the perceived decline in UFO sightings, exploring advancements in astronomical observation, and critically examining the controversial subject of UFO abductions and contact cases. The publication also scrutinizes the methodologies employed in UFO research.

Directly Speaking: The UFO Drought

In his editorial, "Directly Speaking," William H. Spaulding, Director of GSW, addresses the question of "Where have all the UFO's gone?" He notes a significant diminution in reports of unknown aerial phenomena over the past two and a half years, a departure from the previously observed cyclic patterns of sightings. Spaulding suggests that this decline is likely a result of a combination of factors: improved identification of conventional sources, a more discerning public, and a general apathy towards the subject, perhaps due to the prolonged wait for definitive proof. He observes that while GSW still receives reports, many are easily explained, and truly high strangeness index cases with multiple witnesses and physical trace evidence are rare.

New Space Telescope Brings the Planets Closer

A staff report highlights the potential of a new space telescope, anticipated by 1985, to revolutionize planetary observation. Austrian astronomer Dr. Karl Rakos believes the orbiting observatory will enable the direct search for planets outside our solar system. The telescope will utilize advanced photographic systems and computer enhancement techniques to analyze faint structures near bright stars, akin to how GSW analyzes purported UFO photographs. The report also touches upon the challenge of detecting exoplanets from an alien astronomer's perspective, noting that it would take considerable time to identify planetary systems around our sun, and Earth would likely be too small to detect.

Map of Sightings

This section presents a map of the United States detailing UFO sightings logged by GSW-East and West. It clarifies that not all logged sightings constitute real "UFO's." The data covers the period of April 1981 through July 1981. During this time, 277 called-in reports and 30 hard copy reports were received. The report notes that 1.4 percent of sightings during April-July 1981 were of unknown nature. It also specifies that Arizona numbers exclude Phoenix-based advertisement airplanes. Notably, 46 sightings are attributed to misinterpretations of bright stars, the planet Venus, and other celestial or conventional phenomena. An entry for California (CA-100) includes sightings related to the Vandenburg AFB missile launch in June 1981.

Abductions/Contacts: Who's Kidding You?

William H. Spaulding critically examines the phenomenon of UFO abductions and contacts, a topic that has long divided UFO researchers. He questions whether we truly know what UFOs represent, arguing that it is premature to focus on the 'pilots' when the basic phenomenon is not well understood. Spaulding traces the rise of abduction stories, noting how they gained popularity after the decline of organizations like NICAP and the influence of figures like Donald Keyhoe, who accepted the existence of UFOs but rejected contactee claims. The article categorizes potential explanations for these events:

1. Hoaxes: All events are fabricated.
2. Psychological Manifestation: Real physical incidents combined with psychological interpretations.
3. Genuine Occurrences: Events are real and supported by a high volume of reported incidents globally.
4. Manipulation: Staged events for social and thought control by government intelligence agencies.

Spaulding discusses the legacy of George Adamski, whose claims of contact with Venusians split the UFO community into those who believed in physical craft and those who expected more scientifically "proper" contact. He argues that Adamski's evidence was lacking, yet his teachings continue to influence popular culture.

The article further divides researchers' views on abductions: those who reject them, those who believe in telepathic/religious contact, and those who support the abduction theory. Spaulding expresses skepticism towards abduction cases, noting that they often lack physical evidence and rely heavily on subjective methods like hypnosis and polygraph testing, which he deems unreliable and often fraudulent, especially when performed by non-experts. He cites research by Dr. Lawson from the University of Long Beach, whose experiments with regressive hypnosis yielded results that were often fantasy-like and influenced by suggestion.

Spaulding contrasts abduction encounters with Adamski-type cases, suggesting abductions are perceived as more "believable" and align better with the Keyhoe system of UFO-behavioral criteria, as they avoid direct communication and focus on "missing time" and medical examinations, thus not jeopardizing the premise of physical ETH-type incidents. However, he notes that many cases still violate Dr. J. Allen Hynek's prerequisites for high strangeness index, requiring multiple witnesses and physical evidence. He mentions the Betty & Barney Hill starmap and the Pascagoula incident as examples that, despite providing some physical elements, have been subject to debate and interpretation.

Category Three: The Least Plausible

Spaulding labels the assumption that all close encounter events are real as "foolish logic." He critiques the argument that identical experiences reported in different parts of the world indicate a global phenomenon. He questions the investigative methods used by researchers and points out that abduction and contact narratives have permeated global culture for years. He suggests that many cases, particularly those from South America, may be influenced by cultural factors, extreme religious beliefs, cultist tendencies, and superstitions, rather than extraterrestrial visitation.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

This issue of the GSW News Bulletin consistently emphasizes a critical and analytical approach to UFO phenomena. The editorial stance, particularly from William H. Spaulding, is one of skepticism towards unsubstantiated claims, especially those relying on subjective evidence like hypnosis. There is a clear preference for rigorous scientific methodology and verifiable evidence. The publication highlights the importance of distinguishing between genuine unexplained phenomena and misinterpretations, hoaxes, or psychological factors. The recurring themes include the cyclical nature of UFO reports, the challenges in UFO research methodology, the debate surrounding abductions versus sightings, and the potential for advanced astronomical technology to shed light on extraterrestrial possibilities.

This issue of UFO Magazine, Volume 3, Issue 12, dated April 1981, delves into critical aspects of ufology, focusing on investigative methodologies, potential government involvement, and the controversial use of hypnosis in legal and investigative contexts. The cover highlights the ongoing debate surrounding 'HYPNOSIS IN COURTS: STILL ON TRIAL,' with articles by Larry Bodine and Douglas Lavine.

Establishing Criteria for UFO Investigations

The magazine emphasizes the need for immediate criteria to evaluate contactee/abduction cases, aiming to distinguish between hoaxes and potentially valuable reports. The writer suggests a comprehensive approach involving:

1. Polygraph Tests: Two separate polygraph tests administered by certified operators with at least five years of experience.
2. Hypnosis: Performed by a competent medical doctor with at least five years of experience in medical-related hypnosis.
3. Physical Examination: Including body fluid testing by a professional medical doctor, with an emphasis on hallucinogenic drugs.
4. Medical History: A complete medical history of the witness, if available.
5. Recordings: Tape recordings of the sighting/encounter narrative and the testing procedures.
6. Timeliness: Cases older than 60 days from the alleged encounter date should not be evaluated due to time elapsed.
7. Documentation: Photographs of any important details pertinent to the sighting, such as marks on the witness or peculiar markings in the area.
8. Device Evaluation: Electrical and/or mechanical devices that malfunctioned during an encounter must be evaluated by competent service technicians to determine the cause.

The writer acknowledges that these criteria won't solve the entire mystery but will standardize methodology, establish a database, and help remove hoaxed cases.

Government Conspiracy and Mind Control Theories

A significant portion of the magazine explores the theory of government conspirators manipulating the 'saucer saga' for various purposes. This theory posits that the government might create false encounters to enhance the phenomenon's mystique, distract from other issues, or conceal clandestine operations. The Defense Intelligence Agency (DIA) and the CIA are mentioned in relation to mind control and psychological testing, with the argument that such capabilities have been paramount since 1951.

A typical scenario involves using drugs or suggestive means to make a witness experience a 'real' close encounter, with the witness being unsuspecting and later discrediting their own experience due to the societal stigma associated with UFO reports. This staged approach could yield valuable data on subject-tester interactions and public reactions. Another motive suggested is to promote 'pro-saucer' theories to distract from the real reasons behind UFO reports, which could involve government weapon system testing or political maneuvering.

The analysis of foreign UFO cases, particularly from South America, is recommended to identify patterns. If many foreign cases are attributed to superstition or hoaxes, the few 'good' cases in the U.S. would gain more significance, helping to establish patterns and reduce the aura of mystery surrounding global encounters.

Hypnosis in Courts: Reliability and Admissibility

The issue extensively discusses the use and admissibility of hypnosis in legal proceedings, particularly in criminal investigations. Several Arizona Supreme Court decisions have blocked the use of testimony from hypnotized witnesses, citing concerns about accuracy and suggestibility. Law enforcement agencies are reportedly receiving mixed signals, leading to confusion.

The article details the case of Jane, a witness in a New Jersey murder case, whose hypnotically refreshed memory was deemed unreliable by a judge due to her susceptibility to suggestion and the psychiatrist's leading questions. This decision aligns with rulings in Arizona and Minnesota, while other states like Georgia, Maryland, North Carolina, and Oregon have allowed such testimony.

Experts are divided on the nature and reliability of hypnosis. Stedman's Medical Dictionary defines it as an 'artificially induced trance-like state' where subjects are susceptible to suggestion. Elvin L. Gentry describes it as a 'natural, normal state of mind' allowing concentration and mental setting aside of fears. However, Dr. Martin Orne argues that it's impossible to distinguish between testimony refreshed by hypnosis and testimony created by it, advocating against its use in court. Conversely, Martin Reiser of the LAPD believes that when done properly and with adequate cross-examination, hypnotically induced testimony should be admissible, serving as a tool.

A Minnesota case is cited where hypnosis failed to provide reliable evidence, with the woman's testimony containing factual inaccuracies (e.g., motorcycle color, meal details), highlighting the difficulty in distinguishing truth from fantasy and the hardening of 'memories' post-hypnosis.

Agency Secrecy and Budget Overruns

A section, sourced from the New York Times, reports on an intelligence agency facing criticism for cost overruns and secrecy. The National Reconnaissance Office (NRO), a 'black' operation with a budget exceeding $2 billion annually (twice that of the CIA), is identified as potentially being behind covert UFO activities. Its mission involves developing and operating spy satellites for foreign surveillance and communication monitoring.

Concerns are raised that the NRO's extreme secrecy may shield abuses and cost overruns. Documents released under the Freedom of Information Act indicate that NRO satellites were used in the late 1960s and early 1970s to photograph anti-war demonstrations and urban riots for domestic intelligence gathering, which may have violated prohibitions against agency operations within the U.S.

Advanced photo-reconnaissance satellites can produce detailed images from high altitudes. Projects managed by the NRO have reportedly run significantly over budget. The office's budget and staff are hidden within Air Force operations, and its director is typically the under-secretary or assistant secretary of the Air Force. Congressional oversight is handled by intelligence committees, but many lawmakers are unaware of the NRO's dual responsibilities.

Herbert E. Hetu, CIA chief spokesman, declined to discuss the NRO. The agency was established in 1961 to exploit early surveillance satellites, taking over projects like the U-2 reconnaissance plane. Some officials view the secrecy as an anachronism, arguing that the use of satellites for spying is common knowledge. However, acknowledging the NRO's work might prompt the Soviet Union to enhance its defenses against reconnaissance, potentially by encoding communications or attacking satellites.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The issue consistently questions the reliability of evidence, particularly when subjective methods like hypnosis are involved. It highlights a skepticism towards claims of extraterrestrial contact, suggesting potential for hoaxes, psychological manipulation, and government cover-ups. The magazine advocates for rigorous scientific methodology in UFO research while also exploring theories of covert government operations and the implications of advanced surveillance technology. The editorial stance appears to be one of critical inquiry, urging researchers to seriously question the nature of UFO phenomena and the information presented, rather than accepting claims at face value. The concluding thought emphasizes the need for complete study before proclaiming contact with extraterrestrial visitors.

This issue of the GSW News Bulletin, published three times annually (April, August, and December), focuses on two main topics: a significant government decision regarding chemical weapons and an upcoming conference for UFO enthusiasts.

Senate Approves Nerve-Gas Plant

The lead article, "DESPITE DOOMSDAY WARNING, SENATE APPROVES $20 MILLION FOR NERVE-GAS PLANT," reports on the US Senate's narrow approval of President Reagan's request for $20 million to equip a plant in Pine Bluff, Arkansas, for nerve-gas production. The decision, made by a 50-48 vote, was part of a larger supplemental spending bill. The article cites a United Press International report from May 22, 1981, and links this development to the government's clandestine activities in germ/nerve warfare testing, potentially related to cattle mutilation mysteries. Senator Mark Hatfield (R-Ore.) is quoted expressing strong opposition, calling the program "insane" and warning it could cost up to $4 billion and "bring disaster to this Earth." Senator John Warner (R-Va.), a former Navy secretary and chief sponsor of the amendment, defended the plant, citing the "ominous and growing threat of a Soviet first use of these weapons" and the deteriorating state of the US chemical weapons supply. Warner noted that the Soviet Union has a significantly larger chemical weapons stockpile, estimated to be four to 10 times that of the United States. Secretary of State Alexander Haig is mentioned as believing the Soviets may be using chemical warfare in Afghanistan and Southeast Asia, while the US maintains a "no first use" policy.

CUFOS Conference Announcement

Another section announces the preliminary plans for the Center For UFO Studies (CUFOS) conference. The event is scheduled to take place from Friday, September 25, to Sunday, September 27, 1981, at The Midland Hotel in Chicago's Loop, located at 172 W. Adams St. The hotel is described as being one block from Sear's Tower and four blocks from State St. The conference fee is $35.00, which covers admission to all sessions, abstracts of papers, and coffee breaks. No reduced registration fees for partial attendance will be offered due to the nature of the meeting. The deadline for reservations is September 1, 1981. No meals are planned for participants, and attendees are responsible for their own room reservations, costs, taxes, and incidental charges. Continental Air Transport bus service is available from Chicago's O'Hare Airport, and parking is available near the hotel. The format encourages attendees to submit papers, with suggested time slots of one hour per paper to allow for discussion. Shorter papers will also be presented. Workshops may be held in addition to main sessions, and papers not presented due to time constraints will be included in the Proceedings. Announcements regarding selected papers will be made in the Associate Newsletter or a later mailing. A registration form is included, requesting name, address, city, state, zip, and telephone number. Checks should be made payable to CUFOS and sent to P.O. Box 1402, Evanston, IL 60204. Questions can be directed to Mark Rodeghier at the CUFOS office.

Suggested Reading

The issue also provides a "SUGGESTED READING" list for UFO researchers. It recommends publications from:

• Center For UFO Studies (CUFOS): Associate Newsletter (monthly), Bulletin (quarterly), International UFO Reporter (bi-monthly in Frontiers of Science), and The Journal of UFO Studies (semi-annually). Contact address: P.O. Box 1621, Lima, Ohio 45802, Attn: John Timmerman (Editor).
• The Australian UFO Bulletin: $7.00/yr (over-seas rate). Contact address: P.O. Box 43, Moorabbin, Victoria 3189, Australia.
• Retrievals of the Third Kind: A case study of alleged UFO occupants in military custody by Len Stringfield. Contact GSW for details.
• MUFON's Symposium Proceedings: Available for 1973 through 1980. Contact MUFON.
• MUFON's UFO Journal: $15.00/yr. Contact address: MUFON, INC, 103 OldTowne Rd, Sequin, TX 78155.

GSW News Bulletin Subscription

Finally, the bulletin provides subscription information for the GSW News Bulletin itself. It is published three times annually and features regular sections like "Directly Speaking" by William H. Spaulding, organizations news, Map of Sightings, and articles on various aspects of UFOlogy. Subscription costs are $4.50/yr for non-GSW members and $3.50/yr for GSW members. Checks or money orders should be made payable to Ground Saucer Watch, Inc.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The GSW News Bulletin appears to maintain a critical stance towards government actions, particularly concerning military spending and potential threats, as evidenced by the strong commentary on the nerve-gas plant. It also serves as a platform for disseminating information within the UFO community, promoting conferences and publications related to the field.