El Ojo Critico - No 79 - Dec 2015

Magazine Overview

Title: EL OJO CRÍTICO
Issue: N° 79
Date: December 2015
Publisher: GRUPO FENIX
Country: ESPAÑA
Type: Magazine of Investigation for Researchers

Editorial: Pasar miedo, soñar... ¡despertad!

The editorial, titled "Pasar miedo, soñar... ¡Desperdad y no temais!", sets the tone for the issue, emphasizing a critical and evidence-based approach to mysteries. It contrasts the magazine's methodology with sensationalist "mystery journalism," stating their intention is to "make you open your eyes, stop fearing, and awaken." The editorial highlights the magazine's commitment to presenting data, facts, and proof. It references Antonio Ribera's 1985 book on UMMO and the subsequent discovery that many letters were forged by José Luis Jordán Peña. The recent appearance of UMMO postcards, signed by DEI99, is presented as another potential fraud, with investigators David Cuevas and José Juan Montejo identifying MEO members Luis R. González and Alejandro Agostinelli as possible authors. The editorial concludes by wishing readers happy holidays and expressing the hope that 2016 will bring more mysteries to solve.

Investigation: LAS MENTIRAS DE RENNES LE CHATEAU

This extensive article delves into the legend of Rennes-le-Château, questioning its veracity. It begins with the arrival of priest François-Bérenger Saunière in 1885 to a dilapidated church and impoverished village. The restoration of the altar led to the discovery of parchments, which, according to the legend, contained secrets. The article traces the evolution of the Rennes-le-Château myth, citing Gérard de Sède's "El oro de Rennes" and the book "El enigma sagrado" by Lincoln, Baigent, and Leigh. These works popularized the idea of Saunière finding a treasure, possibly linked to the Merovingian dynasty, the Knights Templar, or even the Holy Grail.

The article systematically debunks key elements of the Rennes-le-Château narrative:

1. The Parchments are False: It asserts that the parchments are modern fabrications from the 1960s, created by Philippe de Chérisey, a collaborator of Pierre Plantard. Catalan investigators Xavi Bonet and Alex Loro are cited for providing evidence of their falsity and errors.
2. The Belle Histoire Collapses: With the parchments debunked, the supposed encrypted message, crucial for linking Rennes-le-Château to the Merovingian plot, is invalidated. Saunière's alleged trip to Paris to have them deciphered and his contact with Parisian occult elites are questioned.
3. No Louvre Painting Purchases: The article states that Saunière did not purchase the Nicolas Poussin painting "The Shepherds of Arcadia" or the "Temptations of Saint Anthony" by Teniers from the Louvre, as claimed in some versions of the myth.
4. The Arques Tomb Connection is Invalid: The supposed link between the Poussin painting and a tomb in Arques is dismissed, as the tomb dates to the early 20th century and the myth's premise is flawed.
5. Heterodox Iconography is Misinterpreted: The article refutes claims of heterodox iconography in the church, explaining that the inscription "TERRIBILIS EST LOCUS ISTE" (This place is terrible) is a biblical reference from Genesis 28:16-17, related to Jacob's dream.
6. Travel and Descendants are Unsubstantiated: Claims of Saunière traveling to places like Jaén or having descendants in Girona are dismissed due to a lack of evidence and the availability of his financial records.
7. Death Was Not Suspicious: The article clarifies that Saunière's death was not suspicious and that the confusion regarding the coffin purchase date was due to misinterpreting "juin" (June) as "janvier" (January).

Regarding Saunière's wealth, the article suggests it might have come from a local treasure, possibly Visigothic, given the area's history. However, it emphasizes that no definitive proof exists. The author, Óscar Fábrega, concludes that while the mystery of what Saunière found remains, most of the elaborate theories are based on false or contaminated sources. Excavation in the church is prohibited, leaving the truth buried.

The Engagements of "Duende Houses" - Apparitions of Ghosts and Crime

This section briefly touches upon the theme of ghosts and crime, suggesting a connection between paranormal phenomena and criminal activity. The specific details are not elaborated upon in the provided scan.

Dossier: Jacques Vallée

This dossier is dedicated to the scientist Jacques Vallée, described as "the scientist who changed ufology." It includes articles on:

• El científico que cambió la ufología: (The scientist who changed ufology)
• La obra de Jacques Vallée: (The work of Jacques Vallée)
• Reflexiones más allá de las estrellas: (Reflections beyond the stars)

These articles likely explore Vallée's contributions to the study of UFOs, his theories on the nature of these phenomena, and his broader impact on the field.

Max Schreck: Actor and/or Vampire (2)

This appears to be a continuation of an article about Max Schreck, possibly exploring his roles and the enduring mystique surrounding him, particularly in relation to vampire portrayals.

The Manga of Crime

This is a brief mention of an article related to crime as depicted in manga.

The OOPArts Do Not Exist

This article presents a critical stance on Out-of-Place Artifacts (OOPArts), asserting that they do not exist. It likely aims to debunk claims of ancient artifacts that appear anachronistic or technologically advanced for their supposed time periods.

The CONFIDENTIAL Files of EOC

This section likely contains exclusive or sensitive information from the magazine's investigations.

Vicente Orozco: In Memoriam

A tribute to Vicente Orozco, a significant figure in the field of ufology and investigation, likely detailing his contributions and legacy.

Review: "60 Years of Ufological Literature"

A critical review of a book that surveys six decades of literature on UFO phenomena.

Titulcia: The Cave of the Moon

This appears to be a brief mention of a topic related to a "Cave of the Moon."

UMMO: Jordan implanted false memories

This article revisits the UMMO case, specifically focusing on the claim that Jordan Peña implanted false memories related to the phenomenon.

Journalism of Mystery at the University

This piece likely discusses the study or practice of "mystery journalism" within an academic context.

Magical Thinking and Crime

This article explores the intersection of magical thinking and criminal behavior.

Däniken: We analyze all his work

This article offers a comprehensive analysis of the work of Erich von Däniken, known for his theories on ancient astronauts.

CONTEST: Where do you read EOC?

A reader engagement contest asking participants where they read the magazine.

The connection between the European center of the UMMO affair and UMMITAS IN ROMANIA: A PERFECT CASE?

This article investigates a UFO case from Romania in the 1970s, linking it to the UMMO phenomenon. It describes an encounter where two occupants descended from a UFO and delivered golden plates with cuneiform writing detailing ancient stellar civilizations. The case is presented as potentially connected to the UMMO events in Spain. The article mentions Ignacio Darnaude's publication of a recent postcard signed by UMMITAs. The Romanian incident involved a UFO landing near Cluj, Transylvania, where golden plates were exchanged. The event was disrupted by the Romanian police, and the material was confiscated. The witness, Izsák László, was reportedly tortured and confined to a mental institution.

Solving the Mystery of the Stonehenge Stones

This article reports on the discovery of the exact locations of the quarries from which the stones of Stonehenge were extracted: Carn Goedog and Craig Rhos-y-felin. Researchers Richard Bevins and Rob Ixer determined the stone origins but noted a chronological discrepancy: the stones were quarried around 3400-3200 BC but not erected at Stonehenge until around 2900 BC. Professor Parker Pearson suggests the stones may have been used in a local monument before being transported to Wiltshire. The article also discusses theories on how the stones were moved, ruling out rollers and proposing wooden sleds on wooden structures.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The recurring themes in this issue revolve around debunking popular mysteries and presenting a critical, evidence-based perspective. The magazine actively challenges established narratives surrounding phenomena like UMMO and Rennes Le Chateau, labeling them as frauds or misinterpretations. There is a strong emphasis on investigative journalism, seeking factual accuracy, and encouraging readers to question sensationalist claims. The editorial stance is clearly skeptical, aiming to "awaken" readers rather than foster fear or belief in unsubstantiated phenomena. The magazine positions itself as a platform for rigorous research, contrasting with what it terms "mystery journalism."

This issue of "El Ojo Crítico" (The Critical Eye), identified as "Dossier EOC" and dated January-March 2001, with issue number 23, focuses heavily on the theme of pseudo-skepticism and hoaxes within the ufology community. The main cover headline declares "THE GREAT FAÇADE OF PSEUDO-SKEPTICISM... OR HOW TO MAKE A POOR IMITATION OF JORDÁN PEÑA". The issue delves into a specific case involving 'pseudo-ummita' postcards and the alleged involvement of investigators and journalists.

The 'Pseudo-ummita' Postcard Hoax

The central narrative revolves around a series of 'pseudo-ummita' postcards that began appearing around August 2015. These postcards, purportedly from extraterrestrial beings, were sent to several recipients, including veteran investigator Ignacio Darnaude. Initially, the origin of these postcards was speculated to be a prank, but the investigation by "El Ojo Crítico" pointed towards Luis R. González, a pseudo-skeptic and author, as the perpetrator. The hoax was allegedly designed to promote González's novel about the Ummo affair.

Alejandro Agostinelli, a journalist and fellow pseudo-skeptic, is implicated as an accomplice who helped cover up the fraud for a period. The article details the process of uncovering the hoax, including correspondence between the investigators and the accused. Luis R. González eventually confessed, though he framed it as a 'joke' and not a 'fraud', a distinction heavily contested by the authors.

Critique of Pseudo-skepticism

The issue strongly criticizes the methods and motivations of pseudo-skeptics. It quotes philosopher Mario Bunge stating that absolute doubt is as irrational as absolute conviction, and that radical skepticism is logically unsustainable. The article argues that pseudo-skeptics often resort to destructive criticism, dogmatism, and even fraud to maintain their relevance and discredit anomalous phenomena. They are accused of projecting their own biases and attempting to impose their views forcefully, labeling those who explore the unexplained as 'traitors of science' or 'imbeciles'.

Historical Cases and the Ummo Affair

The magazine revisits several historical UFO cases, including the 1968 Cluj incident in Romania and the 1967 San José de Valderas sighting in Spain. Both are presented as potentially elaborate frauds, with Florin Gheorghita mentioned in relation to the Cluj case. The article also touches upon the 'Arvisura' chronicles and the 'Golden Tablets', linking them to ancient Hungarian history and extraterrestrial messages.

The Ummo affair, a long-standing case involving alleged communications from an extraterrestrial civilization, is a recurring theme. It is presented as the subject of Luis R. González's novel, which the postcard hoax was intended to promote. The article suggests that the Ummo phenomenon itself has been subject to various interpretations, including potential hoaxes and social experiments.

Key Figures and Organizations

Several individuals are prominently mentioned: Luis R. González (the hoax perpetrator), Alejandro Agostinelli (accomplice and journalist), Ignacio Darnaude (recipient and investigator), José Juan Montejo and David Cuevas (investigators for "El Ojo Crítico"), and Moisés Garrido Vázquez (another investigator). The article also references historical figures like Izásk László and Geza Kisteleki, who worked on deciphering ancient texts related to the Ummo case.

Organizations such as "El Ojo Crítico", OMC (General Medical Council), CSICOP (Committee for Skeptical Inquiry), CEI (Center for Interplanetary Studies), and various other ufological and skeptical groups are mentioned in the context of the investigations and debates.

The Nature of Fraud and Deception

The article distinguishes between a 'joke' and a 'fraud', arguing that González's actions, despite his claims, constituted a deliberate deception, especially given the time and effort invested by the recipients. The motivations behind such hoaxes are explored, including the promotion of books and the desire to remain in the public eye. The authors express frustration with the pseudo-skeptics' ability to commit fraud and then dismiss it as mere pranks.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The recurring themes in this issue are pseudo-skepticism, the manipulation of information, the nature of hoaxes within the UFO community, and the critique of those who claim to debunk phenomena while potentially engaging in deceptive practices themselves. "El Ojo Crítico" adopts a strong investigative stance, aiming to expose what it perceives as fraudulent activities and to defend genuine research against what it terms the 'dogmatism' of radical skeptics. The editorial stance is clearly critical of pseudo-skepticism and supportive of open-minded yet rigorous investigation into anomalous phenomena.

This issue of 'El Independiente' (Volume II, Issue 246, dated October 19, 1892) focuses on historical and local accounts of phantom appearances, exploring how these phenomena were sometimes used as a cover for criminal activities. The magazine delves into newspaper archives from 1886 to 1912, particularly in the city of Orihuela, to examine media coverage and public perception of these events.

Phantom Appearances: A Cover for Crime

The lead article, "Un repaso histórico y local a la casuística recogida en prensa APARICIONES FANTASMALES: TAPADERA DEL DELITO" (A historical and local review of cases collected in the press PHANTOM APPEARANCES: A COVER FOR CRIME), highlights the dual nature of phantom reports: genuine fear and the 'picareque' (trickery) of individuals using them for dubious purposes. The article cites examples from 'El Independiente' itself.

Orihuela, October 19, 1892

A report from October 19, 1892, mentions rumors of a person disguised as a ghost appearing at night near the San Francisco fountain in Orihuela. The newspaper urges the authorities, specifically the 'Comisarios de Consumos' (Consumer Commissioners), to apprehend this 'ghost' and teach them a lesson, implying that dressing up as a phantom was an outdated tactic in the late 19th century.

October 20, 1892

The following day, 'El Independiente' (No. 247) published a follow-up, reporting that a young miller had been frightened by a ghost on the San Francisco road. The article directly addresses the deputy mayor, urging him to control this 'prankster'.

October 25, 1892

By October 25, 1892 (No. 251), the newspaper notes that the 'ghost' was still active, seen near the main bridge and heading towards Calle Ángel. A family was startled, causing them to retreat into their homes. The newspaper questions whether the authorities are turning a blind eye.

'La Voz de la Comarca', November 12, 1902

Another newspaper, 'La Voz de la Comarca' (No. 9, November 12, 1902), reports a similar sighting on Hospital street. The 'ghost' was described as having a strange costume, causing alarm. Speculation arose that it might be a prank by a drunkard or a smuggler. The article criticizes the lack of vigilance by the city's mayor and mentions that curious individuals planned to wait for the 'ghost' to appear again.

'La Iberia', October 21, 1909

'La Iberia' (No. 684, October 21, 1909) reports on a ghost appearing on Pintor Agrasot street. It suggests that authorities should investigate the 'intention' of this 'soul in distress' and that 'supernatural beings' who 'make a fuss' can become 'natural beings' with a jail sentence if their disguise is used to cover a crime.

'La Semana', April 10, 1910

In a curious twist, 'La Semana' (No. 5, April 10, 1910) reports that a 'ghost' near Benferri wrote to the newspaper, criticizing the local mayor and secretary. This suggests that even the 'phantoms' were using the media to voice grievances.

'El Eco de Orihuela', 1912

'El Eco de Orihuela' published reports in 1912 about a ghost appearing on streets like Flores, Horno de San Miguel, and near the seminary. It was rumored to be a female ghost, possibly involved in romantic affairs. Later reports in the same publication noted the reappearance of this 'ghost' and questioned the municipal police's ability to catch it.

'El Oriol', November 30, 1900

An article from 'El Oriol' (No. 28, November 30, 1900), referencing 'El Progreso Conquense', mentions a ghost appearing in Cuenca with 'non-sanctos' intentions, humorously comparing the local security guards to the ghost.

Jacques Vallée: A Visionary's Biography

The magazine also features a significant section on Jacques Vallée, a renowned astrophysicist, computer scientist, and ufologist. The article, "Jacques Vallée: biografía de un visionario EL CIENTIFICO QUE CAMBIO LA UFOLOGIA" (Jacques Vallée: biography of a visionary THE SCIENTIST WHO CHANGED UFOLOGY), details his life and work.

Early Career and Ufology

Vallée began his career in 1961 at the Paris Observatory, where he witnessed the destruction of documents related to UFOs. This, coupled with his boss's mention of a proposal to deliver UFO research files by a disabled individual, led Vallée to leave his job. He was referring to Aimé Michel, a close friend and prominent ufologist. Vallée later worked as a research assistant to astronomer Joseph Allen Hynek, known for his UFO sighting classifications.

Key Works and Theories

Vallée's work was influenced by Jung. He proposed that UFO phenomena predated the 1947 Kenneth Arnold sighting, citing historical accounts from as early as 1878. His book 'Passport to Magonia' (1969) explored the parallels between UFO behavior and historical accounts of supernatural beings like angels, demons, and fairies. He also co-authored 'Wonders in the Sky' with Chris Aubeck, compiling unexplained aerial phenomena from antiquity to modern times.

UFOs and Religion

Vallée views UFOs within the context of religious history, suggesting that the human witness is the 'intangible vehicle of the phenomenon.' He believes that UFOs are a paranormal problem and that the science of religion needs updating, noting that even the Pope has considered baptizing an extraterrestrial. He also posits that UFOs may have influenced the founding of religions.

'Metalógica' and Control

Vallée introduces the concept of 'metalógica' to explain communication that transcends logic, often seen in UFO encounters. He suggests that UFO phenomena might be a 'control system' used to manage human beliefs and consciousness throughout history. He also discusses how secret services and military agencies might use UFO reports to manipulate public opinion and conceal secret projects.

Personal Experiences and Beliefs

Vallée recounts a personal UFO sighting at age 15 with his mother. He believes the UFO phenomenon is directly related to human consciousness and remains a great enigma. He expresses skepticism towards theories like exopolitics and expresses concern about the use of hypnosis in abduction cases.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The magazine consistently frames paranormal phenomena, particularly UFO sightings and phantom appearances, as subjects requiring critical examination and official scrutiny. There's a recurring theme of using these phenomena as a cover for mundane or criminal activities, questioning the motives behind the reports. The editorial stance leans towards skepticism regarding supernatural explanations, while acknowledging the persistence and historical depth of these accounts. The inclusion of Jacques Vallée's work suggests an interest in more scientific and historical approaches to understanding these complex phenomena, moving beyond sensationalism.

This issue of CRITICO, identified by its issue numbers 31-32, focuses heavily on the enigmatic actor Max Schreck and his iconic role as Count Orlok in F.W. Murnau's 1922 silent film "Nosferatu, eine Symphonie des Grauens" (Nosferatu, a Symphony of Horror). The magazine also delves into topics of ufology, parapsychology, and the intersection of science and the unexplained.

Max Schreck, Actor and/or Vampire (1)

The main feature, "MAX SCHRECK, ACTOR Y/O VAMPIRO (1)", begins by referencing the events preceding the Munich Putsch of November 1923. It then shifts to a narrative inspired by articles from the German magazine "Stern", detailing the life of a worker in the Krupp industries in Essen during the autumn of 1923. The story follows a young man named Anton Burger, who arrives seeking employment as a puddler. His application and background are scrutinized, and he is assigned to the casting sector (sector K) and later to the casting of large-caliber cannons (sector O). The narrative describes the intense industrial processes, the demanding work, and Burger's interactions with his superiors. He is eventually transferred to the casting of cannons, a more methodical job. The section concludes with Burger's evening routine, which involves reading Aleister Crowley.

The Legend of Nosferatu and His Crimes

This part of the article delves into the making of Murnau's "Nosferatu", noting its focus on nature and the supernatural. It discusses the film's technical aspects, such as special effects used to create supernatural phenomena, and the distinctive makeup of Max Schreck as Count Orlok. The legal issues surrounding the film are also highlighted, as Bram Stoker's widow sued for copyright infringement, leading to an order for the destruction of copies.

...Until the Sacrifice of a Pure Woman...

This section provides a detailed synopsis of the film "Nosferatu". It outlines the story of Hutter, a clerk who travels to Transylvania to sell a house to Count Orlok. The narrative follows Hutter's journey, his stay at Orlok's castle, and the growing sense of dread and supernatural occurrences. The film's themes of vampirism, the duality of personality (as seen in Murnau's previous works), and the contrast between the natural and supernatural are explored. The synopsis details Orlok's arrival in Wisburg, the plague, and the eventual demise of the vampire through exposure to sunlight, fulfilling the prophecy that "the light of the sun swept away the shadow of the demon."

...He Made Him Disappear from the Face of the Earth

This concluding part of the "Nosferatu" analysis discusses the film's reception and its lasting impact. It mentions the legal battles and the eventual destruction of the original copies. The article also touches upon the film's influence on later vampire portrayals, contrasting Orlok with the more elegant Dracula popularized by Bela Lugosi. The narrative concludes with the tragic fates of Alfred Rosenberg and Alfred Rosenthal, both associated with the pseudonym "AROS" used in a film review.

Ufology and the Unexplained

An Astrophysicist's Experience

The magazine includes an interview with an astrophysicist who recounts his personal experience witnessing a UFO as a teenager. He also discusses his professional work at the Paris Observatory, where he and his colleagues detected an unusual object in retrograde orbit. The data was subsequently confiscated and erased, raising questions about transparency and the handling of anomalous findings.

The UMMO Case

Another section addresses the infamous UMMO case, a phenomenon in Spanish ufology. The article describes it as a sociological fraud orchestrated by José Luis Jordán Peña, although some investigators believe there was more to the story.

Governments and UFOs

The interview also touches upon the role of governments in studying UFO phenomena. The interviewee suggests that governments may possess significant data but are reluctant to release it, possibly due to political reasons or the involvement of secret operations. The lack of inter-agency communication is also mentioned.

Technology and Anomalies

A thought-provoking question is posed about why technological advancements like the internet have not generated the same types of anomalous phenomena (like psychophonies or psychoimages) previously associated with photography, radio, and television. The interviewee suggests synchronicity as a possible factor but notes that the "internet does not have a 'heaven' for anomalies."

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

This issue of CRITICO demonstrates a clear interest in the intersection of the unexplained, the supernatural, and popular culture, particularly cinema. The detailed analysis of "Nosferatu" and the exploration of ufological cases suggest an editorial stance that is both critical and open to investigating phenomena that lie outside conventional scientific understanding. The magazine seems to value historical context, personal testimony, and the critical examination of both fictional and real-world mysteries. The use of pseudonyms and the discussion of government secrecy hint at a broader interest in hidden truths and conspiracies. The inclusion of a fraud case like UMMO alongside serious UFO sightings indicates a nuanced approach, distinguishing between genuine phenomena and hoaxes.

This issue of 'CRÍTICO' delves into several intriguing topics, including a critical examination of 'Out-of-Place Artifacts' (OOPArts), the role of superstition in Chinese politics, and the discovery of potentially habitable exoplanets. It also features a significant section dedicated to crime manga.

OOPArts: A Critical Investigation

The lead article, "Los OOPArts NO EXISTEN" by Chris Aubeck and Juan José Sánchez-Oro, presents a rigorous critique of the concept of OOPArts. Aubeck, a founder of Magonia Exchange, and Sánchez-Oro, an historian preparing a doctoral thesis on the Church, argue that supposed OOPArts are not evidence of extraterrestrial intervention or lost advanced civilizations. Instead, they propose that these artifacts are products of artists and creators who lacked references to the original, remote world they were depicting or sculpting. They filled in these gaps with elements from their own time and surroundings. The article systematically dismantles examples like the 'Crystal Skulls,' the 'Astronaut of Palenque,' and the 'Nazca Lines,' suggesting misinterpretations and a lack of understanding of ancient artistic contexts. The book "OOPARTS: Objetos fuera de su tiempo" by the same authors is highlighted as a comprehensive resource for understanding these phenomena from a new perspective. The authors' approach is described as intelligent and well-documented, avoiding pedantic tones and presenting facts with a balanced perspective. The historical context of the term OOPArt is explored, tracing its roots in the US's envy of European historical legacies and the search for extraordinary evidence in archaeological mysteries. The article also touches upon other supposed OOPArts, such as the Havasupai Canyon petroglyph, the Cambodian stegosaurus, and the Acámbaro figures, analyzing them one by one to demonstrate how they cease to be mysteries under scrutiny. The authors' firsthand research, including travels to study pieces like the Crystal Skulls and the petrified walls of the United Kingdom, adds significant value to their analysis. The article concludes by emphasizing that while many mysteries remain, they are more likely products of human genius, imagination, and creativity rather than extraterrestrial interference or lost civilizations, citing examples like the Antikythera mechanism and the Damascus steel.

The "Zhou Case" Reveals the Faith of Chinese Leaders in Magic and Superstitions

This section reports on the conviction of former Chinese Public Security Minister Zhou Yongkang, which brought to light his strong ties with a controversial fortune-teller from Xinjiang, Cao Yongzheng. Despite Beijing's efforts to discourage communist leaders from engaging in ancestral rites like feng shui, which have been persecuted and are still viewed unfavorably, Zhou was a fervent follower. The article details how Zhou confided in Cao, considering him the person he trusted most, and how other corrupt figures also sought his advice. Cao Yongzheng, who began studying Eastern arcane arts like feng shui and chi kung in the 1990s, gained fame for his supposed paranormal abilities. The article notes that the Chinese Communist Party's official newspaper, the People's Daily, even promoted him. The connection between Zhou and Cao deepened, leading to the revelation of state secrets. It is mentioned that Cao also advised Zhou's son and other associates. The article highlights that this reliance on superstition is not isolated, with studies indicating a significant percentage of high-ranking officials admitting belief in parapsychological phenomena. Other cases, like that of former Railways Minister Liu Zhijun and a local Communist Party secretary, are cited to illustrate this trend. The piece suggests that the unpredictable nature of political advancement in China contributes to leaders seeking supernatural guidance to navigate their careers. The article concludes by noting that, paradoxically, this reliance on the supernatural may have contributed to Zhou's downfall.

And what if UMMO really exists?

This section discusses the discovery of the exoplanet Wolf 1061c, announced in late December 2015. This planet is highlighted as the closest potentially habitable planet to Earth, located just 14 light-years away. It is one of three planets orbiting a red dwarf star named Wolf 1061. Scientists from the University of New South Wales in Australia detected these planets, noting that Wolf 1061c lies within the 'Goldilocks Zone,' where conditions are neither too hot nor too cold for liquid water. Duncan Wright, who led the study, expressed excitement about the discovery due to the planet's proximity, which offers a good opportunity for further study. However, Wright also cautioned that while the planet is potentially habitable, human life might not be comfortable there due to higher gravity (1.8 times that of Earth) and potential tidal locking, which would result in extreme temperature differences between the sides facing and away from the star. A 'twilight zone' might offer a more plausible environment for life. Described as a 'Super-Earth' due to its mass being more than four times that of Earth, Wolf 1061c is just one of many potentially habitable planets that may exist in our galaxy. The article mentions that the team used the European Southern Observatory's 3.6-meter telescope in La Silla, Chile, and anticipates finding many more such planets in the coming years.

Ten journeys to another Japan: The crime manga

This extensive section explores the world of Japanese manga, specifically focusing on crime-themed works. It begins by addressing the prejudices and misunderstandings surrounding manga in the West, citing the Real Academia Española's initial definition as an example of this ignorance. The article emphasizes that manga is a diverse and flourishing industry with a wide range of genres catering to various demographics, including kodomo (children), shôjo (young girls), shônen (young boys), josei (adult women), and seinen (adult men), as well as specialized genres like spokon (sports), yuri (lesbian romance), and hentai (pornography). The authors aim to debunk the stereotype of manga being solely for 'otaku' or 'freaks,' highlighting works that possess artistic merit and appeal to adult sensibilities. The selection of ten crime manga is presented as a curated list based on personal taste, intended to introduce curious readers to the genre. The article provides detailed summaries and analyses of each recommended manga:

1. Ichi the Killer (Hideo Yamamoto): A brutal and violent story about a contract killer and a yakuza war, known for its graphic content and psychological intensity.
2. Utsubora (Asumiko Nakamura): A mysterious and elegant manga exploring the dark side of a writer's life, featuring a femme fatale and a labyrinth of secrets.
3. Black Blizzard (Yoshihiro Tatsumi): A classic gekiga work that delves into the gritty reality of human nature, focusing on the conflict between two fugitives.
4. Monster (Naoki Urasawa): A complex and suspenseful narrative about a surgeon entangled in a web of crime and mystery, often compared to 19th-century novels for its exploration of human nature and morality.
5. Alabaster (Osamu Tezuka): A science fiction and melodrama manga that explores themes of revenge and misanthropy, featuring a transformed protagonist.
6. Lupin III (Monkey Punch): A classic crime-comedy series about a gentleman thief, known for its action, humor, and sexual undertones.
7. Innocent (Shin-Ichi Sakamoto): A historical manga that offers a fictionalized biography of Charles-Henri Sanson, the official executioner of France, exploring themes of justice, law, and vengeance.
8. Tekkon Kinkreet (Taiyô Matsumoto): A visually striking and symbolic work set in a fictional Tokyo district, exploring themes of duality, urban life, and the struggle against external forces.
9. Lady Snowblood (Kazuo Koike & Kazuo Kamikura): A revenge-driven story about an assassin conceived solely for vengeance, set against the backdrop of the Meiji era in Japan.
10. Nijigahara Holograph (Inio Asano): Described as a complex and symbolic work that delves into themes of trauma, cyclical violence, and the burden of fate, set against the backdrop of Japan's economic recession.

The section also briefly mentions other works by these authors and their adaptations into anime and live-action films.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The magazine 'CRÍTICO' consistently adopts a critical and analytical approach to its subjects. The editorial stance appears to favor rigorous investigation, debunking myths, and providing well-researched information. The articles on OOPArts and the 'Zhou Case' exemplify this, aiming to present factual accounts and challenge popular beliefs or sensationalism. The extensive coverage of crime manga suggests an appreciation for diverse artistic expressions and a desire to introduce readers to genres that might be misunderstood or overlooked. The magazine seems committed to exploring the intersection of history, culture, pseudoscience, and art, offering a platform for in-depth analysis and informed discussion.

This issue of "LOS CONFIDENCIALES de EOC" (Issue 51) delves into various facets of the UFO phenomenon, paranormal investigations, and related cultural aspects. The cover prominently features "OBAMA, HILARY CLINTON Y LOS OVNIS," highlighting political figures' involvement and interest in the topic.

Political Figures and UFOs

The lead article discusses how Barack Obama, during a television interview, downplayed the excitement surrounding secret government UFO files, stating they weren't as thrilling as people might imagine. It also mentions John Podesta, a former key figure in the Clinton and Obama administrations, who expressed his greatest regret as not having yet achieved the declassification of classified UFO documents. Podesta's interest, along with that of the Clintons, was reportedly influenced by billionaire Laurence Rockefeller, who actively pushed for public and official investigations into the UFO phenomenon.

Media and Personalities

The magazine celebrates Iker Jiménez, a popular Spanish TV presenter known for his shows on mystery, who received the prestigious Ondas Award for best TV presenter. His career trajectory and media presence are highlighted. The issue also notes the passing of investigator José Antonio Plaza Rincón, who died on the anniversary of the Manises case, and pays tribute to him. Another piece mentions Vicente Juan Ballester Olmos, a ufologist, taking a break for his daughter's wedding.

Debunking and Investigations

A significant section addresses the alleged 'UFO crash recovery' footage from Siberia, claiming it was from a sensationalist documentary titled "The Secret Archives of the KGB on UFOs." The article meticulously debunks the footage, pointing out inconsistencies such as the appearance of civilian vehicles, intact trees around the crash site, soldiers with construction battalion insignia, and differing belt buckles, concluding it was a fabrication.

Another article details the case of Andrés Sánchez Avilés, who was sentenced to four years in prison for causing a fire in La Muela, Spain, by launching a flare during an 'OVNI Alert.'

Ufological Literature and Research

A substantial portion of the magazine is dedicated to the work of Antonio González Piñeiro and his book "60 años de literatura ufológica en español" (60 Years of Ufological Literature in Spain). This comprehensive bibliography, spanning from 1953 to 2012, is presented as a vital resource for collectors and researchers. The article details the book's structure, thematic classifications (Objects, Contactism/Abduction, Astroarchaeology, Extraterrestrial Enigmas), and its meticulous cataloging of Spanish and translated ufological works. It highlights prolific authors like Juan José Benítez, Antonio Ribera, and Erich von Däniken, and notes that Charles Berlitz's "The Bermuda Triangle" is the most reissued work.

The magazine also features a piece on Vicente Orozco, an investigator who passed away. His correspondence with Joan Plana Crivillén regarding the film "El hombre que vino de Ummo" (The Man Who Came from Ummo) is discussed, along with Orozco's research into the Ummo phenomenon and his contributions to ufological publications. His work on the disappearance of the 5th Norfolk Regiment and possible vestiges of Atlantis is also mentioned.

Historical Cases and Mysteries

The issue revisits the disappearance of the 5th Norfolk Regiment in 1915 during the Gallipoli campaign, presenting a witness account of the soldiers entering a dense, rising cloud and vanishing. While historically attributed to paranormal causes, recent investigations suggest a simpler military defeat.

Another article explores the 'Cueva de la Luna' (Cave of the Moon) in Titulcia, Spain. Discovered in 1952, this subterranean structure is linked to esoteric traditions, possibly Templar connections, and rituals. Its historical significance and the interpretation of its features are discussed.

Book Reviews and Announcements

Several books are reviewed or mentioned: Edgar Mitchell's "El camino del explorador" (The Way of the Explorer), focusing on his experiences and interest in parapsychology; "Nos vemos en el cielo" by Carlos G. Fernández and Miguel Pedrero, which explores PSI phenomena in animals; "El Milagro del cojo de Calanda" by Antonio Gascón and Angel Briongos, a rigorous investigation into a historical miracle; and Débora Goldstern's upcoming book "Cueva de los Tayos."

Juan Miguel Marsella's book "Lugares embrujados de Madrid" (Haunted Places of Madrid) is also featured, detailing his visit to the 'Cueva de la Luna' and his experiences with psychophonic experiments and radiesthetic techniques.

Archaeological Enigma

The magazine touches upon the decipherment of the Phaistos Disc, an enigmatic Minoan artifact. Gareth Owens claims to have partially resolved its meaning, suggesting it represents a sacred Minoan text, akin to a "Minoan Rosetta Stone."

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The issue consistently explores the intersection of UFO phenomena with politics, media, history, and culture. There's a clear emphasis on rigorous investigation, debunking hoaxes, and preserving the history of ufological research, particularly through bibliographical efforts. The editorial stance appears to favor critical analysis while acknowledging the enduring fascination with unexplained phenomena and the importance of documenting the field's literature.

This issue of "Parapsicología" (EOC) from December 17, 2015, delves into the complex world of parapsychology, hypnosis, and esoteric crime. The cover story features an exclusive interview with Isidro Pérez, President of the Scientific Hypnological Society, who makes serious accusations against José Luis Jordán Peña concerning the UMMO affair, alleging manipulation through suggestive commands and the implantation of false memories under hypnosis, with implications of depraved, economic, and even sexual designs.

Interview with Isidro Pérez: The UMMO Affair and Hypnotic Manipulation

The interview with Isidro Pérez, a psychologist and clinical hypnotherapist, reveals his perspective on the UMMO phenomenon and the alleged actions of Jordán Peña. Pérez states that his Society was founded around 2009 with the goal of promoting an open and eclectic view of hypnosis. He recounts his involvement in studying a case where a person claimed to have been manipulated through hypnosis. Pérez suggests that this manipulation was part of a sadomasochistic relationship and a form of game, rather than a direct, unwilling submission. He posits that the implantation of false memories and the creation of false poltergeists were part of this elaborate deception, possibly to mask the true nature of the relationship and the financial exploitation involved. Pérez also touches upon the idea that Jordán Peña may have used hypnosis for sexual practices with some of his associates, a detail he refrains from elaborating on out of respect for families, but notes that such respect was not reciprocated towards UMMO believers.

He discusses how Jordán Peña allegedly used suggestive mantras like "karma or death" to manipulate individuals. Pérez believes that while the woman in question may have consented to a form of sadomasochistic game, the context of UMMO and the use of hypnosis were not coincidental. He also mentions that Jordán Peña claimed the UMMO affair was a sociological experiment paid for by the CIA, a version that changed with each interview.

Regarding the video evidence, Pérez notes that while there were no explicit sexual elements, the dynamic suggested a sadomasochistic relationship where Jordán Peña played the role of a dominant figure. The woman's statements about UMMO were presented as something she wanted to discuss, while Jordán Peña seemed to avoid the topic. The interview also brings up the possibility of other individuals involved and the potential for false memories to be induced, leading to fabricated experiences of encounters with beings and messages from a 'master'.

Scientific Theories on Extraterrestrials

Separately, the magazine features an article discussing a scientific theory by Fergus Simpson, a physicist from the University of Barcelona. Simpson's research, using Bayesian statistics, suggests that if intelligent extraterrestrials exist, they would likely be much heavier than humans, possibly weighing over 300 kilograms, comparable to polar bears. This conclusion is based on the premise that Earth and humans are not necessarily representative models for intelligent life and that smaller populations on planets might correlate with larger individual sizes. Simpson also theorizes that most inhabited planets with intelligent life would be smaller than Earth. The article notes that while Simpson's work is statistically rigorous, some scientists, like Ignasi Ribas, question the conclusions due to the limited sample size (only Earth) used for the hypotheses.

Esoteric Crime and Psychopathy

Another significant section of the magazine focuses on "Asesinos y psicópatas esotéricos: Pensamiento mágico y crimen." This part examines the disturbing link between esoteric beliefs, superstitions, and violent criminal acts. Manuel Carballal, the author, shares his experiences and insights into killers who justify their actions through magical or supernatural beliefs. The article highlights cases of individuals who commit horrific crimes, such as ritualistic killings, sacrifices, and brutal murders, often citing witchcraft, demonic possession, or other occult practices as their motivation.

Carballal details the case of Javier Rosado Calvo, who, along with his accomplice, murdered Carlos Moreno. Rosado's chilling diary, discovered by police, provides a detailed account of the crime, revealing his fascination with occultism and role-playing games. The article discusses how psychopathy, characterized by a lack of empathy, can be exacerbated by such magical thinking, leading to cold and calculated violence. The text emphasizes that psychopathy is not curable and poses a significant societal risk, especially in countries without the death penalty or life imprisonment.

The magazine also covers other cases of esoteric crime throughout 2014, including ritualistic killings in India, exorcism-related murders in the US, and crimes motivated by beliefs in witchcraft and curses in various parts of the world. The article points out that victims are not always 'less-dead' (marginalized individuals) but can be ordinary citizens, highlighting the unpredictable nature of such violence.

Journalism of Mystery Conference

Finally, the issue reports on the "I Encuentro de Periodismo de Misterio" (First Encounter of Mystery Journalism) held at the Complutense University of Madrid on December 17, 2015. The event brought together journalists, researchers, and academics to discuss the field of mystery journalism, covering topics such as ufology, espionage, state secrets, and paranormal phenomena. The conference featured several roundtables discussing the role of national media in covering unusual topics, the process of investigation and dissemination, and the intersection of mystery journalism with various disciplines. Speakers shared their experiences and perspectives on the growing importance and challenges of this journalistic niche.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The recurring themes in this issue are the manipulative potential of hypnosis, the psychological underpinnings of crime when intertwined with esoteric beliefs, and the scientific exploration of the unknown, including extraterrestrial life. The editorial stance appears to be one of critical inquiry, aiming to expose alleged deceptions (like the UMMO affair), analyze the darker aspects of human psychology through the lens of crime, and present scientific perspectives on controversial topics. The magazine encourages a deeper understanding of complex phenomena, whether they involve human manipulation, criminal behavior, or the search for life beyond Earth.

This issue of "El Ojo Crítico" (The Critical Eye) is dedicated to a comprehensive analysis of the life and work of Erich von Däniken, a figure widely known for his controversial theories about ancient astronauts. The magazine explores his biography, the origins of his ideas, the publication and impact of his seminal work, and the criticisms he has faced.

The Life and Theories of Erich von Däniken

The article begins by situating von Däniken as a popularizer of the idea that extraterrestrials visited Earth in the past, citing his 1968 book "Recuerdos del futuro" ("Memories of the Future") as a foundational text for this concept, influencing numerous subsequent works and documentaries.

Early Life and Influences

Born in 1935 in Switzerland, Erich von Däniken's childhood was marked by a religious upbringing and a complex relationship with his pragmatic father, contrasted with his mother's storytelling. An early incident involving a downed American bomber near his home, where he observed the crew, is presented as a potentially formative experience, though von Däniken himself downplays its significance as a "traumatic root" for his theories. His early exposure to occultism and science fiction, shared with his brother, also played a role in shaping his imagination.

Education and the 'Elohim' Revelation

Sent to a strict Jesuit college, Saint Michel, in 1949, von Däniken was exposed to religious studies and the task of translating the Bible from Hebrew to Latin and then German. It was during this period, around age sixteen or seventeen, that he encountered the Hebrew word 'Elohim' (meaning 'gods') and began to question if biblical accounts, particularly those involving divine descents from the heavens accompanied by phenomena like smoke and fire, might describe the landings of ancient astronauts. His theological professor's superficial answers only fueled his curiosity.

The 'Extrasensory Experience' and Early Convictions

Von Däniken claims a pivotal "extrasensory experience" around 1954, which he describes as a "journey through time" that revealed the existence of past extraterrestrial visits. While he prefers to keep this experience private, he has stated it convinced him of Earth's visitation by beings from other galaxies or solar systems. This experience, he suggests, is the primary source of his knowledge, and he anticipates future events that will prove him correct.

The Tayos Caves and the 'Gold of the Gods'

The article details von Däniken's exploration of the Tayos Caves in Ecuador in 1973, which formed the basis of his book "El Oro de los dioses" ("The Gold of the Gods"). He described discovering a vast underground labyrinth with a library of metallic plates containing knowledge from humanity and other worlds, and encountering skeletons coated in gold dust. However, the article highlights that his expedition partner, Juan Moricz, later accused von Däniken of fabricating these discoveries, stating that von Däniken never actually entered the caves. Von Däniken, when confronted, admitted to using "literary effects" to create drama, a defense that critics found disingenuous given his history of questionable claims.

Publication and Commercial Success

Von Däniken's path to publication was arduous. After numerous rejections, his manuscript for "Recuerdos del futuro" was eventually accepted by Econ Verlag. The book, rewritten by ghostwriter Wilhelm Roggersdorf, became an unprecedented bestseller, selling millions of copies worldwide and being translated into numerous languages. Its success was further amplified by the release of a documentary film based on its content.

Accusations of Plagiarism and Fraud

Despite his success, von Däniken faced significant criticism and legal troubles. The article mentions accusations of plagiarism, particularly concerning his alleged appropriation of ideas from authors like Robert Charroux without proper attribution. Furthermore, von Däniken was arrested and convicted for fraud and falsification of documents related to his time as a hotel manager, though he avoided prison due to the royalties from his books.

The "Dänikenitis" Phenomenon

The 1970s are described as the "golden age" for the spread of "dänikenitis" – the phenomenon of widespread belief in his theories. He continued to publish numerous books throughout the 70s, 80s, and 90s, often re-hashing his earlier ideas. The article notes a decline in his popularity in the 1990s, but his theories found new life through the "Ancient Aliens" series on the History Channel.

Mystery Park and Legacy

In 2003, von Däniken opened the "Mystery Park" in Switzerland, a theme park dedicated to ancient astronaut theories. Although it initially saw success, it later faced financial difficulties and closure. The article concludes by reflecting on von Däniken's enduring influence, particularly among believers, and his self-proclaimed status as an "irrational" thinker who challenges conventional scientific paradigms.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The magazine adopts a critical stance towards Erich von Däniken, presenting his life and work through a lens of skepticism. While acknowledging his significant role in popularizing ancient astronaut theories, the article meticulously details the controversies, accusations of fraud and plagiarism, and instances where his claims have been demonstrably false or exaggerated. The editorial stance is one of critical inquiry, separating the phenomenon of von Däniken's influence from the factual basis of his claims. The recurring themes include the power of belief, the line between scientific inquiry and pseudoscience, the commercialization of mystery, and the enduring appeal of speculative theories about humanity's past.

This document is the cover of issue number 79 of the magazine 'El Ojo Crítico'. The cover features a humorous blue ink drawing by Manuel Berrocal with the headline 'Feliz Navidad' (Merry Christmas).

Cover Art Analysis

The central image is a cartoonish illustration. At the top, the words 'Feliz Navidad' are written in a stylized, somewhat childlike script. Below this, Santa Claus is depicted holding a fishing rod, with the line extending towards a classic flying saucer-shaped UFO. The UFO has an antenna or a similar protrusion. Below the fishing scene, four men are shown looking upwards with expressions of shock and surprise. Their mouths are open, and their eyes are wide. The drawing is rendered in a loose, sketch-like style.

The bottom of the cover includes a caption: 'Dibujo amablemente realizado por Manuel Berrocal para El Ojo Crítico nº 79', which translates to 'Drawing kindly made by Manuel Berrocal for El Ojo Crítico no. 79'. This clearly identifies the artist and the publication.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The cover art suggests a lighthearted and possibly satirical approach to current events or popular culture, blending the festive theme of Christmas with the enduring fascination with UFOs. The humor is derived from the unexpected juxtaposition of Santa Claus and alien spacecraft, and the exaggerated reactions of the onlookers. The magazine appears to engage with contemporary topics in a creative and visually engaging manner, as indicated by the inclusion of a UFO in a Christmas-themed cover.