El Ojo Critico - No 63 - Dic 2009

Magazine Overview

Title: EL OJO CRITICO
Issue: N° 63
Date: Diciembre 2009
Publisher: GRUPO FÉNIX
Country: ESPAÑA

This issue of "El Ojo Crítico" is dedicated to investigating the intersection of mysteries, espionage, and media phenomena. It features a special dossier on "Viral Mysteries" and critically examines cases often attributed to UFOs, suggesting military and intelligence operations as underlying factors.

Key Articles and Themes

Opinion and Farewell

The issue opens with a "Comunicado de despedida" from David Cuevas, announcing the provisional end of the radio program "La Sombra del Espejo" due to political reasons from the municipal radio station. He thanks the listeners and guests, and mentions that the website will remain active with occasional new content. He also recommends other related radio programs.

Military Operations and UFO Incidents

A significant portion of the magazine is dedicated to uncovering what are termed "lost files" related to military operations disguised as OVNI (UFO) incidents. The article "Operaciones militares en España ocultas tras incidentes OVNI" by Manuel Carballal, based on information from an informant and referencing Domingo Pastor Petit's "Diccionario Enciclopédico del Espionaje," details how alleged UFO sightings have been used to conceal espionage activities.

One case highlights the death of a Spanish agent, 'Soledad,' in 1975, who was investigating US-Moroccan relations concerning the Spanish Sahara. Her death occurred shortly after a supposed OVNI incident was detected near the Greenham Common base, suggesting a connection to intelligence operations.

Another section, "007 en el mundo de los OVNIs," discusses how the CIA allegedly fostered the belief in UFOs to cover up the flights of spy planes like the SR-71A. The article cites a CIA report admitting to this strategy, where ufologists inadvertently aided intelligence by diverting attention.

Further examples include the detection of an unidentified object by Spanish radar in 1973, identified as an SR-71A on a spy mission related to the Yom Kippur War. Another incident in 1986 involved an EA-6B Prowler making an emergency landing in Rota, Spain, after experiencing a technical issue, which was initially misreported.

The article "Los OVNIs evolucionan con la tecnología aeronáutica" discusses a 1990 incident where an Air France Boeing 727 detected an object with extreme speed and size, possibly a secret US aircraft like the 'Aurora.' It also mentions a 1992 incident involving a TR-1A spy plane, which succeeded the U-2, highlighting the technological advancements in military espionage aircraft.

Viral Mysteries and Marketing

The "DOSSIER ESPECIAL: Misterios Virales" section delves into the concept of viral marketing and its connection to mysteries. Articles within this dossier include "¿Qué es el Marketing Viral?", "Los 6 principios del Marketin Viral," and "Misterios virales y EOC." It also covers topics like the "Falsa Oleada OVNI" and "Campaña viral solidaria."

Television Series and Paranormal Themes

"Cuando la realidad supera a la... ¿ficción? Misterios de Serie" reviews various television series that explore paranormal phenomena, conspiracy theories, and mysteries. The article discusses how shows like "Expediente X" popularized these themes. It analyzes series such as "Los 4.400," "Taken" (based on Roswell), "Invasión," "24," "E-Ring," "Spooks," "The Grid," "Britz," "Prison Break," "Médium," "Entre fantasmas," "Tru calling," "Apariciones," "Carnivale," and "Supernatural," drawing parallels between their fictional plots and real-world events or theories.

Skepticism and Refutation

The "Manual del refutador escéptico" offers tools and perspectives for those who approach paranormal claims with skepticism. The magazine also critiques the methods of some "skeptics" who, according to the authors, often resort to simplistic explanations or misinterpretations.

Other Topics

The issue also touches upon other subjects, including the "Expediente Manises" revisited, the "niños embrujados de Africa," and the military's alleged classification of UFO cases with names and surnames.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The magazine consistently adopts a critical stance towards official explanations of unexplained phenomena, often suggesting hidden military or intelligence agendas. It promotes the idea that many UFO sightings are misidentified advanced aircraft or part of deliberate disinformation campaigns. The editorial stance appears to be one of investigative journalism, aiming to uncover the 'real' stories behind sensational events, often linking them to government secrecy and espionage. There is a strong emphasis on the idea that reality often surpasses fiction, particularly in the realms of military technology and clandestine operations. The magazine also engages with the concept of viral phenomena, both in marketing and in the spread of information and misinformation.

This issue of El Mundo, dated May 2009, features a cover story titled 'MISTERIOS VIRALES' (Viral Mysteries) and 'EL OJO CRÍTICO' (The Critical Eye), along with a dossier on the global status of UFO document desclassification. It also includes a detailed report on a miraculous healing case.

Dossier: Misterios Virales

The "Misterios Virales" section explores how paranormal phenomena, such as UFO sightings, ghosts, and cryptids, are exploited by advertising agencies for viral marketing. The article suggests that the deliberate falsification of UFO sightings by skeptical movements has led many advertising agencies to discover the commercial potential of generating false paranormal events. This is presented as a primary challenge for researchers of anomalous phenomena in the 21st century.

What is Viral Marketing?

The magazine defines viral marketing as techniques that exploit social networks and electronic media to create exponential increases in brand awareness, often through self-replicating viral processes. It relies on word-of-mouth through electronic means and the 'social network' effect. Viral marketing campaigns often aim to generate media coverage through 'unusual' stories that offer high value for a low budget. The article notes that viral advertising is popular due to its ease of execution, low cost, good targeting, and high response rate. The core idea is that users will share interesting and entertaining content, leading to a 'positive word-of-mouth' recommendation. Integrated Marketing Communications (IMC) is highlighted as a successful strategy for customer acquisition.

History and Theory of Viral Marketing

The term 'viral marketing' is attributed to venture capitalist Steve Jurvetson in 1997, describing services like Hotmail adding their own advertising to outgoing emails. Critic Douglas Rushkoff, in his 1994 book 'Media Virus,' is credited with first writing about this type of marketing. The hypothesis is that if advertising reaches a 'sensitive' user (one interested in the product), they become 'infected' and may then infect others. If each infected user forwards the message to more than one sensitive user, the number of infected users grows exponentially, similar to an epidemiological curve. The campaign can theoretically last indefinitely or until all sensitive users have received the message.

2012 Mayas: Los señores del tiempo

This section reviews the book "2012 Mayas: Los señores del tiempo" by Miguel Blanco, director of the radio program 'Espacio en Blanco'. The book is described as a journey through time and space, guided by an experienced traveler who offers insights into our future. Blanco recounts his travels and the clues he found, leading him to the resolution of a personal puzzle. The book begins with a ritual in Mexico, the initiation ceremony of the Rainbow Warriors, and a message to 'Share'.

The review highlights specific locations and themes covered in the book: Egypt and the goddess Sekhmet, Nepal and the sound of silence, Argentina and ancient gods, Guatemala as the cradle of the Mayas, Jordan and petroglyphs, Nicaragua and the 'Island at the End of the World', and Peru and the giants awaiting return. It also mentions specific Mexican sites like Tonina, Teotihuacán, and the connection to Egyptian mythology. The book posits that on December 22, 2012, a cycle ends and the universe updates, with Mayans and their descendants preparing for the return of the gods. The message is that humanity can facilitate this change by extending a hand.

The Miracle That Can Make the Pope a Saint

This article details the case of Chema, a 5-year-old Spanish boy whose inexplicable recovery from a severe, incurable illness is being considered a miracle, potentially leading to the canonization of Pope John Paul II. Chema suffered from Rassmussen syndrome, an autoimmune disease that caused his body to attack his brain, leading to paralysis of his left side and continuous, painful convulsions.

A Terrible and Rare Disease

Chema, the second son of Concepción and Ignacio, was diagnosed with Rassmussen syndrome in March 2009. The disease caused inflammation in the right hemisphere of his brain, paralyzing his left side. Despite extensive medical treatment, including numerous tests and medications, no improvement was observed. Chema endured six days in an induced coma, during which he developed a 20-centimeter wound above his nape. His parents attributed his resilience and extraordinary patience during his suffering to divine intervention.

Praying as if Already Cured

Chema's family, friends, and acquaintances prayed fervently for his recovery. Concepción and Ignacio visited the hospital chapel daily and spent time before the Blessed Sacrament, convinced that God could heal their son. Concepción felt inspired by a quote from Saint Augustine, leading her to pray as if her son were already cured, awaiting only the manifestation of his healing. She also began praying for the intercession of Pope John Paul II, believing he could intercede for Chema and that his miracle would lead to the Pope's canonization. Her husband, Ignacio, shared this conviction.

A Sign, from the Virgin Mary

Concepción sought a sign to confirm that Pope John Paul II was interceding for her son. She envisioned receiving an image of the Virgin Mary, as this would be an unusual gift for a hospitalized child. Months later, her mother-in-law recounted an encounter with a woman who gave her an image of Our Lady of Oblivion, Triumph, and Mercy, a devotion associated with Pope John Paul II's past visit to a Marian shrine in Poland. This was seen as the confirmation she sought.

And He Was Cured

In August, with doctors on vacation, a new surgery date was set for after the summer. However, Chema began to move his arm, then his legs, and eventually stood up normally. In September, doctors at the Niño Jesús Hospital confirmed that the disease had simply disappeared, with no medical explanation. Chema was discharged and has since returned to school. His case is now with the Congregation for the Causes of Saints for the canonization of John Paul II.

State of UFO Desclassification Worldwide

This extensive section, compiled by Vicente-Juan Ballester Olmos, provides a detailed chronological overview of UFO document desclassification efforts by governments around the world. It defines 'UFO desclassification' as the revelation, disclosure, or release of official UFO reports from state administration archives to the media, researchers, ufological organizations, or the public.

United States

The US has a complex desclassification process involving multiple agencies like the USAF, CIA, NSA, DIA, and others. While a significant amount of documentation has been released, suspicions remain about withheld information, with agencies citing national security and intelligence capabilities as reasons for non-disclosure. The article notes that the USAF's Project Blue Book was closed in 1970, with its archives later transferred to the National Archives. The sheer volume of material and the number of involved agencies make the US situation particularly intricate.

Other Countries

The report details desclassification activities in numerous countries:

• Canada: Released reports from the Ministry of Defense and Air Force cases.
• Brazil: FAB (Brazilian Air Force) released reports and films from Operation 'Prato' (Saucer).
• France: Gendarmerie and Air Force provided reports to ufologists.
• United Kingdom: Ministry of Defence released documents, including those related to the Rendlesham Forest incident.
• Australia: Air Force released summaries of UFO cases.
• Spain: Ministry of Defence and Air Force documents were desclassified following requests.
• Sweden: Air Force provided reports to ufologists.
• Norway: Ministry of Foreign Affairs released files on 'phantom aviators' and 'phantom rockets'.
• Uruguay: Official group CRIDOVNI cooperated with civilian groups, handling numerous reports.
• Russia: KGB archives were handed over to a researcher.
• Portugal: Air Force provided its UFO archives.
• Argentina: A semi-official group worked with ufologists.
• Ireland: Defence and Air Force intelligence documents were made public.
• New Zealand: Began depositing UFO documents in the National Archives.
• Italy: Air Force provided UFO reports.
• Greece: Air Force released a UFO sighting report.

The article emphasizes that the desclassification process is often driven by pressure from media and ufological organizations. It also notes that the lack of transparency regarding UFO information fuels conspiracy theories and damages government image. The author advocates for a transparent desclassification process.

Key Arguments for Desclassification

Vicente-Juan Ballester Olmos suggests that UFO phenomena should not be considered a military security concern, but rather a subject for scientific investigation. He argues that secrecy is incompatible with democratic policy and points to the numerous countries that have already made their UFO documents public. He believes that specialists in Europe can offer valuable guidance on best practices for desclassification.

Conclusion on Desclassification

Ballester Olmos concludes that while a significant volume of official UFO information has been released globally, many desclassification processes are incomplete or have not yet begun. He suggests that the true history of interaction between defense ministries and intelligence agencies regarding UFO information is yet to be written. The study aims to provide historical data, encourage feedback for improvement, and inspire public officials to initiate similar processes.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The magazine consistently explores the intersection of the paranormal, the unexplained, and societal phenomena. The 'Misterios Virales' section highlights the commercialization of the unusual, while the UFO desclassification report underscores the tension between government secrecy and public right to information. The 'Chema' case exemplifies a belief in miracles and divine intervention, aligning with the magazine's interest in extraordinary events. The overall stance appears to be one of critical inquiry, presenting diverse perspectives on complex topics, from marketing strategies to government transparency and faith-based healing.

This issue of 'El Ojo Crítico', dated November 2009, focuses on 'Viral Mysteries and EOC' (Unidentified Anomalous Phenomena), exploring how viral marketing tactics are used to create sensational news and hoaxes, often fooling even specialized media.

The Six Principles of Viral Marketing

Ralph Willson, a marketing consultant, outlines six key elements for successful viral marketing:
1. Offer Value: Provide a product or service that is valuable, ideally free, to attract prospects.
2. Simple Transmission: The message or medium carrying the campaign must be easy to transfer and replicate (e.g., email, website, download).
3. Scalability: The service must be able to handle rapid growth in users without failing, as failure can lead to negative publicity.
4. Exploit Motivations: Leverage human desires such as belonging, status, or popularity to encourage sharing.
5. Utilize Existing Networks: Tap into social networks (friends, family, colleagues) to spread the message.
6. Leverage Others' Resources: Use existing platforms and media (affiliate programs, press releases, other websites) to amplify the campaign.

The article emphasizes that viral marketing aims to create a 'mortal virus' that spreads rapidly, often achieving significant reach with minimal advertising cost.

Types of Viral Campaigns

• Several types of viral campaigns are described:
• Pass it on: Directly encourages users to forward messages, often seen in email chains or short, humorous video clips.
• Incentivized Viral: Offers rewards for forwarding messages or referring others, with more complex schemes requiring third-party participation for greater effect.
• Stealth Marketing: Presents a message as an organic piece of content (e.g., an interesting webpage or news item) without immediately revealing its marketing origin, aiming to mimic natural 'meme' behavior.
• Fan Clubs/Friendly Associations: Replicates the 'fan club' phenomenon for products or services, creating online communities to discuss and justify promotions, often masking the company's direct involvement.
• Rumor Marketing: Uses announcements or messages that push the boundaries of taste or appropriateness to generate discussion and word-of-mouth publicity, citing the example of celebrity controversies used to promote films.
• User-Managed Databases: Users create and manage their own lists, inviting others to join, creating viral, self-replicating contact chains.

Examples of Viral Marketing

• The magazine lists numerous examples of viral marketing campaigns, including:
• Promotions for cars, software (like StarOffice), and free email services (Hotmail).
• Specific campaigns like 'Amo a Laura' from MTV España, Google's Gmail, and the 'Esperma d'Or' campaign.
• Product launches like Halo 2 and Halo 3, and films like 'Cloverfield'.
• Promotional efforts for music artists (Nine Inch Nails) and events (Rodolfo Chikilicuatre).
• Job recruitment campaigns (ING Direct) and sporting events (F1 Affinity).

Methods of Transmission

• Web to Mouth: Information from websites (like news articles) is converted into email messages for sharing.
• Email to Mouth: Spontaneous forwarding of emails, jokes, or 'compromising' photos.
• Mouth to Mouth: Primarily through instant messaging (IM) services, which are popular among younger demographics and perceived as more trustworthy.

Barriers to Viral Marketing

• Size: Large files (like video clips) can be too big to transmit easily.
• Media Format: The message must be in a format that most people can use.
• Email Attachments: Antivirus software or company firewalls can block attachments.
• Complex Referrals: Overly complicated systems for referring others can deter participation.
• Sabotage: If the commercial nature of a campaign is discovered, it can lead to a public backlash and boycott.

Viral Mysteries and EOC: The Latvia Meteorite Hoax

The issue details the case of a supposed meteorite impact in Mazsalaca, Latvia, on October 26, 2009. International news agencies reported a crater of significant size, citing experts. However, this was later revealed to be a viral marketing campaign by a Latvian mobile phone company. The campaign aimed to boost national pride and demonstrate how a unique, interesting story could attract media attention. The magazine criticizes the media, including science journalists, for uncritically reporting the false information, mirroring the very behavior they often condemn in mystery enthusiasts.

The Galicia OVNI 'Oleada' Hoax

Another significant case examined is the supposed 'OVNI oleada' in Galicia and Asturias in September 2009. This involved multiple videos, including one of fishermen encountering a UFO pursued by military jets and a black helicopter. The videos, uploaded to YouTube, quickly gained international attention. The magazine reveals that this was a coordinated viral marketing campaign organized by an internet portal to promote its video storage service and its X anniversary. The campaign fabricated multiple videos, including the fishermen's encounter, to create the illusion of a genuine sighting. The investigation identified the helicopter as belonging to Airnor, a company specializing in aerial photography and filming, and the boat as a local fishing vessel. The article highlights how the campaign exploited the public's fascination with UFOs and the media's eagerness for sensational news.

Critiques of Viral Marketing and Hoaxes

'El Ojo Crítico' consistently warns about the dangers of viral marketing, particularly when used to spread false news and manipulate public perception. The magazine points out that researchers of anomalous phenomena are often the first to uncover these deceptions, while mainstream media and even specialized science journalists can be easily misled. The article mentions the 'Movimiento Escéptico Organizado' (MEO) as an entity that has previously attempted to create false UFO sightings to discredit witnesses or gain publicity. The magazine emphasizes the importance of critical thinking and rigorous investigation when encountering sensational claims, especially those amplified through viral channels.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The recurring theme throughout this issue is the critical examination of viral marketing and its potential for deception. 'El Ojo Crítico' positions itself as a voice of skepticism and investigative rigor, aiming to expose hoaxes and media manipulation. The magazine's stance is to debunk sensational claims, particularly those related to UFOs and other anomalous phenomena, by revealing the underlying marketing or publicity stunts. It advocates for a critical approach to information, urging readers and media professionals alike to question sensational stories and verify their authenticity before accepting or disseminating them. The editorial stance is clearly against the uncritical acceptance of viral content and promotes a discerning approach to news and information.

This issue of Dossier VIRAL, titled 'CAMPAÑA VIRAL PARA GLOBAL HUMANITARIA CONTAGIATE DEL VIRUS DE LA SOLIDARIDAD', focuses on viral marketing campaigns that masquerade as genuine events, particularly UFO sightings. The magazine delves into the mechanics of these campaigns, exposing how media outlets and advertising agencies manipulate public perception through fabricated content.

The 'OVNI Gallego' Hoax

A significant portion of the magazine is dedicated to dissecting the 'OVNI gallego' (Galician UFO) phenomenon. It reveals that a series of videos, initially presented as genuine UFO sightings, were actually part of a viral marketing campaign orchestrated by the news portal Terra to celebrate its 10th anniversary. The campaign involved creating several videos, including one featuring a fishing boat and another with a helicopter, which were disseminated online and through various media channels. The magazine details the production process of these videos, highlighting the involvement of directors, actors, and special effects teams. It also discusses the public's reaction, from initial fascination to eventual disillusionment upon the revelation of the hoax.

Key figures involved in the production and dissemination of these videos include Julio Rodríguez, Sara Pena Robles, Javier Fesser, Jaime Fernández Miranda (Jim Box), and Luis Gonzaga Manso. The magazine provides a chronological breakdown of the videos released as part of the campaign, offering insights into their creation and intended impact.

Viral Marketing and Media Manipulation

The issue extends the discussion to broader themes of viral marketing and media manipulation. It presents case studies of other instances where fabricated news or events were used to capture public attention and generate publicity. The article "La mentira global: Meteoritos, globos, ovnis... ¿Por qué nos toman tanto el pelo?" by JJE (COPE) analyzes how 'fake news' are constructed and disseminated, often for commercial gain or notoriety. It highlights the role of the internet and social media in amplifying these phenomena, leading to a blurring of lines between reality and fiction.

The magazine questions the ethical implications of such practices, particularly when they exploit the public's credulity and undermine the credibility of genuine news reporting. The case of the 'meteorite' in Latvia is cited as an example of a commercial strategy that involved a staged event, while a 'flying child' story from Colorado is presented as an example of a family seeking attention through a fabricated event.

Global Humanitarian Campaign

In addition to the UFO hoax analysis, the magazine features an article on a viral campaign by the NGO Global Humanitaria titled "CAMPAÑA VIRAL PARA GLOBAL HUMANITARIA CONTAGIATE DEL VIRUS DE LA SOLIDARIDAD." This campaign aimed to promote aid for children in disadvantaged countries through a viral approach, involving celebrities and social media. The campaign was divided into two phases: "Famosos contagiados, dad la cara" (Famous people infected, show your face) and "El Virus de la solidaridad" (The Virus of solidarity), encouraging people to join the cause online.

The 'This Man' Phenomenon

Another article, "El hombre de tus sueños..." (The man of your dreams...), discusses the 'This Man' phenomenon, where thousands of people claimed to dream of the same unknown man. The article reveals that this was a viral marketing campaign orchestrated by Andrea Natella, an Italian sociologist and journalist, to generate buzz and attention through unconventional marketing tactics.

Critical Analysis of UFO Cases

The issue also includes a critical analysis of UFO cases, particularly "El Expediente Manises" (The Manises File). The article "'El Expediente Manises': un análisis crítico" by JJE (COPE) examines the methods used by 'skeptical' investigators to refute UFO cases. It critiques the tendency to dismiss evidence and testimonies, often resorting to 'techniques of denial' to maintain a predetermined conclusion that UFOs are not real.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The recurring themes in this issue revolve around the manipulation of information, the power of viral marketing, and the blurring lines between reality and fiction in the digital age. The magazine adopts a critical stance towards fabricated news and marketing stunts, emphasizing the ethical concerns and the potential for public deception. It highlights the role of investigative journalism in uncovering these hoaxes and promoting transparency. The editorial stance appears to be one of skepticism towards sensationalized claims and a call for critical thinking when consuming media, especially online content.

This issue of 'EXCLUSIVA coc' (issue 46) focuses on UFO phenomena, skepticism, and related cultural topics. The central theme is a critical examination of the Manises UFO incident from November 11, 1979, contrasting eyewitness accounts with debunking theories.

The Manises Incident: A Critical Analysis

The article "Entre ufólogos, escépticos y chimeneas: Una historia asocial de los OVNIS en Manises" by David Cuevas and Miguel Ángel Ruiz, revisits the well-documented Manises UFO case. It scrutinizes the explanations offered by Juan Antonio Fernández Peris in his book "El expediente Manises," which attributes the phenomenon to refinery chimneys from Escombreras, Murcia.

The author, Miguel Ángel Ruiz, presents a detailed refutation of Peris's theory. He highlights several key points:

• Pilot's Reaction: Fernández Peris suggests that the pilot, Commander Lerdo de Tejada, overreacted due to personal issues, leading to an "extremely disproportionate" reaction. Ruiz questions this, suggesting the commander might have acted correctly and taken the right decision.
• Copilot's Testimony: Peris claims Lerdo de Tejada made the landing decision unilaterally, which his co-pilot, José Ramón Zuazu, did not share. However, a declassified testimony from Zuazu contradicts this, stating they performed evasive maneuvers due to approaching lights.
• Misleading Explanations: The article criticizes theories that attempt to explain away UFO phenomena with incorrect or incomplete information. One example cited is the claim that controllers at Manises mistook an object for a Mirage F1 piloted by Fernando Cámara. Peris's explanation that it was a Mirage F1 at 30,000 feet and Mach 1.4 is challenged due to the vast difference in flight profiles and distances involved.
• Visual Discrepancies: The article argues that a Mirage F1 at high altitude and speed would not be mistaken for a landing aircraft. It also points out that the apparent size of objects would differ significantly based on distance, and that the lights seen were described as having a different appearance than typical aircraft landing lights.
• Omission of Evidence: Ruiz accuses Peris of omitting inconvenient testimonies and data. He mentions Captain Fernando Cámara's account of seeing a red light that moved and changed color, which Peris dismissed as unreliable pilot testimony.
• Refinery Chimney Theory: The core of Peris's debunking theory is that the lights were from the Escombreras refinery chimneys. However, the article presents evidence that the refinery was operational on the night of November 11, 1979, but argues that the visual characteristics described by witnesses (size, movement, color) do not match those of chimneys. The geographical layout of the valley where the refinery is located is also cited as a reason why the chimneys' flames might not have been visible from the aircraft's perspective.
• Astronomical References: The article critiques the tendency to attribute UFO sightings to celestial bodies like Sirius, arguing that the descriptions provided by witnesses, particularly pilots, do not align with the appearance of stars.
• False or Distorted Information: The article points out instances where Peris allegedly distorts information, such as misrepresenting the speed and movement of the lights, and downplaying the significance of the pilot's experience.

Other Articles

African Witchcraft Accusations

"Los niños 'embrujados' de África" by Joana Socías, highlights the tragic reality of children in Africa, particularly Nigeria, being accused of witchcraft. Driven by poverty, lack of education, and radical evangelical churches, these accusations lead to severe abuse, torture, and murder. The article details how religious leaders exploit these beliefs for financial gain through expensive exorcisms, and how families are often pressured to abandon or harm their children.

Shaolin Kung Fu: Powers and Reality

"Los falsos poderes sobrenaturales del Kung Fu: Viaje crítico al Templo de Shaolin en China" by Carlos Fernández, offers a critical perspective on the claims of supernatural abilities associated with Shaolin Kung Fu. Fernández, a martial arts practitioner and teacher, recounts his experiences visiting the Shaolin Temple. He argues that phenomena like walking on hot coals, enduring pain, and breaking objects are not evidence of supernatural powers but rather the result of highly disciplined techniques and psychological conditioning. He distinguishes between the true spirit of martial arts, which emphasizes inner strength and discipline, and the sensationalized performances often presented for tourism and commercial gain.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The magazine appears to adopt a stance that is critical of simplistic debunking theories and open to the possibility of unexplained phenomena, while also being discerning about claims of supernatural abilities. The Manises case is presented as remaining largely unexplained despite attempts to rationalize it. The articles on African witchcraft and Shaolin Kung Fu demonstrate a broader interest in cultural phenomena, belief systems, and the distinction between genuine practice and sensationalism. The editorial stance seems to favor critical inquiry and a thorough examination of evidence over easy answers.

This issue of EXCLUSIVA EOC, identified as issue number 51, focuses on the historical classification of UFO information by the Spanish military. The cover headline boldly states, "The military personnel who classified UFO information identified for the first time: The Military Committee that turned UFOs into a secret."

The Military Committee that Classified UFO Information

The lead article details a secret meeting held in November 1968, involving seven high-ranking officers of the Spanish Air Force, convened due to a significant wave of UFO sightings in Spain between June 1967 and October 1968. These sightings, numbering in the hundreds, involved both commercial and military aircraft and generated considerable media and public attention.

The meeting, held at the Ministry of the Air, included:

• Jose Lacalle Larraga: Minister of the Air.
• Luis Navarro Garnica: Chief of the Air Staff.
• Mariano Cuadra Medina: 2nd Chief of the Air Staff.
• Enrique Jiménez Benamú: Undersecretary of the Ministry of the Air.
• Carlos Pombo Somoza: Undersecretary of Civil Aviation.
• Luis Bengoechea Baamonde: Chief of Air Defense Command.

After nearly three and a half hours of discussion, several generic decisions were made, emphasizing the delicate nature of the subject, its direct competence within the Air Force, and the need for prudence. Key outcomes included:

• The creation of a simple official investigation procedure and an information archive.
• Minimizing observations by identifying their causes whenever possible.
• Declaring the matter officially confidential.
• Tranquilizing testimonies and the public to avoid alarmism.

General Cuadra Medina was designated to implement these ideas. Subsequent actions included:

• On December 5, 1968, the Ministry of the Air's Press Office issued a note requesting citizen collaboration in reporting sightings.
• On December 17, Order 9122-T centralized UFO matters within the Operations Section of the Air Staff.
• On December 26, Circular 9266-CT established investigation norms and classified the subject with a degree of confidentiality.

Other Articles and Sections

Vuelve Giorgio Bongiovanni: This section notes that Giorgio Bongiovanni, an Italian contactee, remains active, with his followers circulating messages about crop circles attributed to non-human intelligences. It poses a question about his views on the year 2012.

Barroso, el a-mago del misterio: This piece discusses the latest book by Jose Luis Moyano, suggesting that Julio Barroso inspired and promoted the project. Barroso's interest is attributed to a personal disillusionment with Iker Jiménez, director of Milenio3. Barroso allegedly used Moyano as a proxy, awaiting potential legal reactions from Jiménez.

Jose Manuel Garcia Bautista presenta publicación: Introduces 'Ávalon', a new virtual magazine project by Jose Manuel Garcia Bautista, described as an alternative publication aiming to entertain and inform lovers of history, science, mysteries, and cinema. It is available for monthly download.

El III Congreso de UMMO en red: Reports on the availability of scanned proceedings from the III UMMO symposium held in Barcelona in May 1973, shared by colleague Moises Garrido and made accessible via a download link.

Proximo libro de Enrique de Vicente: Announces a forthcoming book by Enrique de Vicente, director of Año Cero magazine. The book is described as a meticulous study of the conspiracy phenomenon, timed to coincide with Dan Brown's latest novel. It is expected to be an encyclopedia of conspiracy theories.

La cuestión de Francia en EC46: Mentions that bulletin Espacio Compartido, published by the Institute of Investigations and Exobiological Studies (IIEE), has expanded information regarding rumors about French scientists and military personnel involved in a supposed UFO report for President Sarkozy.

La magia ante la ciencia: Discusses prestidigitation as a significant topic within the mystery world. It highlights the 'Abracadabra, ilusionismo y ciencia' exhibition at La Caixa in Barcelona, which explores the scientific basis of magic tricks and how the brain interprets sensory information, sometimes leading to distorted reality.

Antonio J. Ales: 1º aniversario: A memorial notice for D. Antonio José Biosca "Alés" on his first anniversary, including details of a memorial mass.

Anomalía y la Luna en Malaga: Announces an exhibition titled "Con los pies en la luna: 40 años después" at the University of Málaga, commemorating the 40th anniversary of the moon landing. The exhibition, organized with Fundación Anomalía, features objects related to the space race.

Muere Lonnie Zamora a los 76 años: Reports the passing of police officer Lonnie Zamora, known for his 1964 UFO sighting near Socorro, New Mexico. The article notes that recent media coverage has revealed information suggesting a possible student fraud as the origin of the sighting, though no solid evidence has been discovered.

La foto: Refers to a photograph taken over 30 years ago, featuring figures like astroarchaeologist Eric Von Däniken, Jose Mª Casas Huget (President of CEI), and Fernando Sesma (a key figure in the UMMO affair). It notes that only Von Däniken remains active among the three.

Si existen ETS ¿Por qué no contactan?: Reviews Ignacio Darnaude's book "El Principio de Elusividad Cósmica" (The Principle of Cosmic Elusivity), which explores the reasons behind the lack of direct contact with extraterrestrial intelligence.

XIV aniversario de la Oleada: Marks the 14th anniversary of the Gallega Wave, considered the last major UFO wave in Spain, which occurred in late 1995. It mentions that numerous ufologists believe the Spanish army was actively involved.

Una OUIJA para Navidad...: Briefly mentions a new Ouija board design for children aged 8-14 being sold by Toysrus.

Galayo le gana a la Santa Sede: Reports on a court ruling in Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, where the Bishopric of Canarias was ordered to pay 210,295 euros to María del Carmen Galayo Macías, a Catholic Religion and Moral teacher who was dismissed in 2000 for living with a man other than her husband after separating from him. Her previous notoriety came from denouncing the Grupo Aztlan.

Nuevo magacine radiofonico: Introduces "Dimensión Límite," a new weekly radio program hosted by Gema Castaño on R.K. 20, focusing on mystery and featuring a team of new generation divulgators.

Regresa Andreas Faber Kaiser: Announces the upcoming reissue of Andreas Faber Kaiser's book "El muñeco humano" (The Human Doll), which discusses his thoughts on the UFO phenomenon. The book, originally published in 1989, includes works previously published in Mundo Desconocido.

Parapicología en los Jesuítas: Details the upcoming II Jornadas de Parapsicología (2nd Phase) organized by Grupo Hepta, featuring lectures by various experts on parapsychology.

Ha fallecido Xavier Musquera...: Reports the death of Xavier Musquera, the Spanish representative for the Belgian SOBEPS and an investigator of esoteric traditions, known for his comics on cases like UMMO, Bélmez, and Ochate.

UMMO sigue siendo ET: Presents the results of an online poll asking "Who wrote the UMMO reports?" with options including J. L. Jordán Peña, intelligence services, and extraterrestrial beings.

III Ciclo de Conferencias SIPE 2009 en Zaragoza: Covers the third cycle of conferences organized by the Sociedad de Investigaciones Parapsicológicas y Exobiológicas (SIPE) in Zaragoza. Speakers included Carlos G. Fernández on Transcommunication Instrumental, Carlos Gutiérrez Tutor on mysterious cases in Aragón, and Salvador Freixedo on his theories of extraterrestrial manipulation of humans.

• La Biblioteca del Investigador: This section reviews three books:
• "Historia de las creencias y de las ideas religiosas" by Mircea Eliade.
• "La edad de oro de lo paranormal" by Brian Inglis.
• "El universo del cerebro" by Dick Teresi and Judith Hooper.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The magazine consistently covers topics related to ufology, mystery, conspiracy theories, and the paranormal. There is a clear interest in historical UFO cases, particularly those involving military or governmental secrecy, as evidenced by the lead article. The publication also promotes new books, magazines, and events within the mystery and ufology communities, acting as a platform for divulgation and discussion. The editorial stance appears to be one of open inquiry into unexplained phenomena, presenting information and allowing readers to draw their own conclusions, while also acknowledging skepticism and the scientific investigation of alleged mysteries.