El Ojo Critico - No 51 - Verano 2006

Magazine Overview

'El Ojo Crítico' issue Nº 51, published in Summer 2006, is a Spanish investigative journalism magazine edited by GRUPO FENIX. Based in La Coruña, Spain, the publication focuses on paranormal phenomena, sects, and critical investigations. This issue is particularly notable for its extensive special report on the Jehovah's Witnesses, titled 'El secreto de los Testigos de Jehová' (The Secret of Jehovah's Witnesses).

Special Report: The Secret of Jehovah's Witnesses

The magazine dedicates a significant portion of this issue to an in-depth investigation into the Jehovah's Witnesses sect. It describes them as the most numerous and one of the most dangerous sects, subjecting their followers to a vast array of prohibitions that have led to irremediable consequences. The report details personal testimonies and legal cases, highlighting the sect's influence on families and individuals.

Personal Testimonies and Legal Cases

The report features the case of José Antonio Merayo, who is engaged in a judicial battle against the Jehovah's Witnesses after his wife joined the sect and sought a separation. Merayo fears for the psychological and physical well-being of his young children. The article also recounts the tragic deaths of two children, Marcos Alegre and Judith Rivera, who died because their parents, Jehovah's Witnesses, refused them blood transfusions, a practice forbidden by their religion. Another former member, Antonio Carrera, shares his experience of leaving the sect after 13 years, describing the psychological torture and physical punishments inflicted on children, including cases of children being forced to lick toilets or being tied to their beds.

Doctrines and Practices

The investigation delves into the sect's doctrines, tracing its origins back to Charles T. Russell and the 'Bible Students' movement, later evolving under leaders like Joseph Franklin Rutherford, Nathan Homer Knorr, Frederick W. Franz, and the current leader Milton G. Henschel. The report emphasizes the sect's strict stance against blood transfusions, which they believe is a sin, despite historical acceptance of blood donation within the group. It also details the sect's control over young members, discouraging them from pursuing higher education and dictating their social interactions and romantic relationships. The article notes that the sect's teachings often link worldly activities, such as certain fashion trends or music genres like 'heavy metal,' to Satan.

Business Model and Exploitation

'El Ojo Crítico' portrays the Jehovah's Witnesses as a highly organized business enterprise, particularly focused on publishing. The magazine alleges that the sect operates without paying taxes and exploits its members, who work for free in its printing facilities in exchange for food and lodging. Members are compelled to purchase and sell millions of copies of magazines and books, ensuring a 100% profit margin for the organization's leaders. The report mentions the use of 'route map cards' to track members' sales efforts, which some legal experts consider a violation of privacy.

Legal and Societal Impact

The article discusses the legal status of Jehovah's Witnesses in Spain, noting they have been registered since 1970. However, it highlights that judicial processes often stem from child custody disputes between separated parents, one of whom is a member. The report also touches upon international cases, such as the detention of 69 members in Singapore, where the sect is prohibited. The magazine criticizes the Spanish Defensor del Pueblo (Ombudsman) for its perceived inaction and for stating that there is no evident danger to citizens regarding sects. It also mentions the formation of a police brigade dedicated to investigating sects and groups, including Jehovah's Witnesses, which are considered highly dangerous and numerous.

Other Articles

Beyond the main report, the issue includes other articles such as 'Schiariti: el mentalista mentiroso' (Schiariti: the lying mentalist), 'Sectas y Código Penal español' (Sects and Spanish Penal Code), 'Conversaciones con el Coronel Perote' (Conversations with Colonel Perote), and 'El fraude de los OVNIs nazis' (The fraud of Nazi UFOs), among others, covering a range of paranormal and investigative topics.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

'El Ojo Crítico' consistently adopts a critical and investigative stance towards paranormal claims, religious sects, and alleged frauds. The magazine aims to expose deception, manipulation, and the negative impacts of these phenomena on individuals and society. Its editorial line appears to favor rigorous investigation, personal testimonies, and a skeptical approach to unsubstantiated claims, often challenging established narratives and exposing what it perceives as exploitation and misinformation. The publication champions the idea of providing alternative information free from censorship and manipulation, as echoed in the quote by Diego Zuñiga: 'When you speak, try to make your words better than silence.' The magazine's commitment to independent journalism is evident in its long-standing publication history and its focus on controversial and often hidden aspects of society.

This issue of "Parapsicología" focuses on the technical and mechanical aspects of supposedly paranormal photographs, aiming to demystify phenomena often attributed to the supernatural. The cover headline, "Aspectos mecánicos y técnicos, no fotográficos, de las supuestas fotos paranormales Las imágenes del ‘más acá’" (Mechanical and technical aspects, not photographic, of supposed paranormal photos: Images from 'this side'), sets the tone for an analytical approach.

The 'More Here' Images: Mechanical and Technical Aspects

The article begins by noting the surge in photographic submissions to paranormal research groups, especially after summer vacations when many people use cameras. It highlights a tragic case from Granada involving Juan Jesús Jiménez Artigas, whose death was linked to a supposed paranormal photo interpreted as a 'child's spirit' from the Alhambra. Investigators Rafael Casares and Antonio Salinas were involved, and the case illustrates how misinterpretations of photographic anomalies can have severe consequences, sometimes exploited by unscrupulous individuals offering 'exorcisms'.

The Science of Photography

Justo Guisasola, a renowned expert in optics and photographic mechanics with over 20 years of experience, is presented as a key source. He has examined thousands of photographs claimed to show 'strange phenomena' and attributes them to mechanical failures or optical effects. The article mentions other photography professionals like José Miguel Espejo, Manu Cordonié, and Manuel Fernández, who have also analyzed such images, often finding explanations in common photographic artifacts.

'Energy Spheres' with Fingerprints

The text explains how simple camera mechanics and user errors can create 'paranormal' effects. For compact cameras, the difference between the viewfinder and the lens (parallax) can cause the camera strap to appear as a 'ray of energy' if it falls in front of the lens during a shot, especially when the camera is tilted. Similarly, a finger accidentally touching the lens can create a blurred 'energy sphere', sometimes with patterns resembling fingerprints, particularly if the user has long, painted fingernails.

Mechanical and Optical Secrets

The article delves into how camera settings and functions can lead to misinterpretations. Using slow shutter speeds (like 'Posición B') for night photography, especially with ambient light sources (candles, car headlights, distant lights), can create luminous trails on the negative that appear as 'paranormal' phenomena when developed. A simple flash-shutter sync error can also result in a secondary, blurred image, resembling an 'aura' or 'ghost'.

Double exposures are identified as a frequent source of 'paranormal' photos. This can happen intentionally if the camera has a double-exposure mode, or unintentionally due to camera malfunctions where the film doesn't advance correctly. The article includes anecdotal examples of triple exposures interpreted esoterically by their authors, such as one case where photos of the sun, a bed, and a crucifix were superimposed, leading to bizarre interpretations involving extraterrestrial messages.

Strange 'Invisible' Creatures

Another technical issue discussed is the presence of 'parasites' – fungi or mites – inside cameras, especially those stored in humid conditions or used outdoors. These organisms, attracted to light, can settle on the lens or film, creating semi-circular or oval shapes with 'legs and antennae' on the negative. When enlarged, these microscopic entities appear as 'giant insects' or even 'antennae-equipped invisible UFOs', particularly if they appear against a sky background.

Light leaks from worn camera seals (gaskets) are also cited as a cause of 'phantom' images. These leaks can affect multiple frames as the film is wound, creating ethereal or ghostly effects, especially on the edges of photos. The article notes that such effects are often interpreted as supernatural, particularly if the photos were taken at locations associated with paranormal activity.

The Caprices of Light

Lens aberrations, specifically concave and convex lens elements, can cause light rays to refract in unusual ways, creating discoidal or circular images that are often mistaken for UFOs. These effects are particularly noticeable when photographing strong light sources like streetlights, the sun, or car headlights. The article presents examples where such reflections were interpreted by 'contactees' as evidence of invisible UFOs protecting communities.

The Manises Case: A Transcript of Conversations

A significant portion of the magazine is dedicated to the transcription of conversations from the scramble mission during the 1979 Manises UFO case. This document, obtained by www.misteriosonline.com, includes communications between pilot Fernando Cámara (in a Mirage F-1) and air traffic control. The transcript details the pilot's pursuit of unidentified objects, characterized by unusual lights and significant radio interference. The conversations reveal the pilot's attempts to track multiple objects, the challenges posed by atmospheric conditions and equipment malfunctions, and the coordination with ground control. The dialogue highlights the pilot's observations of lights, their changing colors (red, green, white), and their apparent altitude and distance, alongside persistent radio interference that seemed to correlate with the proximity of the phenomena.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The recurring theme throughout the issue is the critical examination of photographic evidence presented as paranormal or extraterrestrial. The editorial stance is clearly skeptical, advocating for thorough technical and mechanical analysis before accepting any image as genuinely supernatural. The magazine emphasizes that many 'paranormal' photos have mundane, explainable origins rooted in the limitations and quirks of photography. The inclusion of the Manises case transcript, while detailing a significant UFO event, also implicitly supports the idea that even in such cases, understanding the technical aspects (like radio communications and flight dynamics) is crucial for accurate interpretation.

The issue concludes with a call to consider all possible technical explanations before labeling a photograph as supernatural, suggesting that a lack of such analysis can lead to dangerous obsessions, as exemplified by the case of Juan Jesús Jiménez Artigas.

This issue of MÁS ALLÁ, identified as issue number 78, focuses on the investigation of Ricardo Schiariti, a self-proclaimed mentalist and metapsychologist, under the headline "Schiariti: The case of the lying mentalist." The magazine also critically examines Spanish legislation concerning sects and debunks the myth of Nazi UFOs.

The Case of Ricardo Schiariti

The article details an investigation into Ricardo Schiariti, an Argentine mentalist who gained prominence in Spain through television appearances and extensive "merchandising." Jose Antonio Campoy, director of MÁS ALLÁ, commissioned an investigation by the author, who posed as a magazine reporter to interview Schiariti. The author, an illusionist himself, was initially intrigued by Schiariti's claims of parapsychological powers, including clairvoyance, precognition, and telepathy.

During the interview, Schiariti described his alleged abilities, stating he could perceive information about people, their past, and future simply by looking at them or holding their hand. He also mentioned using tools like water and fire (pyromancy) to make his predictions seem more credible. The author notes Schiariti's theatrical presentation and skillful use of voice modulation to create an impressive atmosphere.

However, the author soon identified Schiariti's techniques as common magic tricks. He describes a specific demonstration involving a "forced choice" number trick and a pyromancy demonstration where Schiariti appeared to read the author's personal information written on a folded paper. The author reveals that Schiariti used a classic mentalism technique where he secretly read the information while the paper was being burned, improvising the details based on what he read. Schiariti's defense was that he used "magic" to help people believe and heal, citing passages from his autobiography, "Revelación del Nuevo Ser." The author concludes that Schiariti presents illusionism as extrasensory powers, either to aid patients or for personal gain.

Following the publication of this article, Ricardo Schiariti was reportedly forced to close his consultations in Madrid and Málaga and left Spain. He was later prosecuted in Argentina for fraud and harassment.

Sects and Spanish Penal Code

This section analyzes Spanish legislation regarding sects, particularly "destructive sects" (SD). It highlights that while the public often labels all sects as destructive, this is not always the case. The article defines sects broadly and emphasizes that not all are harmful or follow religious doctrines; they can be esoteric, philosophical, political, scientific, therapeutic, ecological, or commercial.

The Spanish Constitution of 1978 guarantees freedom of ideology, religion, and worship, as well as the right of association. However, the article argues that a group becomes a "destructive sect" when it violates fundamental human rights, such as freedom and dignity, or commits illegal acts. The danger of SDs lies not in their ideology but in their manipulative methods of control, such as isolating members, controlling information, and fostering dependency.

A significant problem is that destructive sects often register as "religious entities" or "cultural associations" to operate legally, masking their true intentions, which can be lucrative, sexual, or aimed at social control. The article cites the example of the "Iglesia Universal del Reino de Dios," registered in Spain despite alleged links to drug trafficking and tax evasion. The administration's perceived passivity and lack of information about these groups raise concerns about how many of the thousands of registered religious entities and cultural associations might be destructive.

The author calls for greater control over the statutes and activities of these groups, their income sources, and subsidies. It is argued that existing legislation is sufficient to address destructive sectarian behavior, and rigorous application is needed to eradicate criminal conduct.

The article lists several legal offenses frequently imputed to these groups under the Spanish Penal Code, including illicit association, forgery, fraud, bodily harm, corruption of minors, and intrusion. It notes that many destructive sects have already faced legal proceedings in Spain.

The Nazi UFO Phenomenon: A Fraudulent Analysis

This part of the magazine scrutinizes a controversial documentary about alleged Nazi UFOs, which aired on Spanish television in 1993-1994 as part of the series "Noche de Misterio." The documentary claimed that the Nazis had developed sophisticated "flying saucers" capable of interplanetary travel, linking them to esoteric beliefs and the "Führer's mysticism."

The article, published by EL OJO CRITICO, subjected the video to photographic, historical, and aeronautical analysis. An aeronautical historian identified images within the documentary as belonging to historical aircraft like the Heinkel He 46, unknown aircraft prototypes (possibly wind tunnel models), and sequences from the 1938 film "Frau in Mond." The alleged "Nazi flying saucers" were debunked as either existing aircraft, film props, or mock-ups, not genuine advanced technology.

The author concludes that the claims about Nazi UFOs are part of the "esoteric myth" surrounding the Third Reich and have little to do with actual aeronautical history. Their function in ufological research is deemed highly questionable.

Reflections on Mystery Divulgators and Their World

This lengthy section offers a critical perspective on the field of paranormal investigation and its popularization. The author reflects on his own youthful enthusiasm for the paranormal, consuming magazines and books on UFOs, mysteries, and esoteric subjects. He contrasts this with the more "normal" adolescent interests like discos and cinema.

The article discusses how many young enthusiasts come to believe that paranormal investigators possess ultimate truths. It critiques the "commercialization of mystery," arguing that many publications and programs operate for profit, similar to other industries. The author questions whether paranormal investigators should be seen as altruistic missionaries or as professionals who need to earn a living. He draws parallels with the medical profession, where practitioners charge for their services, but also raises ethical concerns about potential conflicts of interest, such as doctors prescribing drugs from which they profit.

The author expresses disappointment upon discovering that some respected figures in the paranormal field, like Antonio José Alés and Professor Darbó, admit to not believing in the phenomena they discuss, doing so primarily for financial reasons. He criticizes the practice of creating or perpetuating myths for commercial gain, citing examples like the alleged "pitufo" (Smurf) captured in Gerona or the "secret chamber" of the Great Pyramid.

Manuel Carballal, the author of this section, emphasizes the importance of integrity and honesty for paranormal investigators and divulgators. He argues that they must be impeccable and avoid fostering myths or engaging in fraud, even when it might be commercially beneficial. He warns that the paranormal field is fertile ground for psychopathy and that misleading the public can have serious consequences, especially for those who genuinely believe.

The article concludes with a personal reflection on the temptation of fame and commercialization, urging other investigators to denounce such practices if they witness them. Carballal stresses that their words shape public opinion and influence beliefs, making truthfulness paramount.

The "Center Broken" Effect of Schiariti Step-by-Step

This is a visual explanation of a specific trick used by mentalists, likely related to the Schiariti case, illustrating how a paper is manipulated to create the illusion of mind-reading. It shows the client writing information, folding the paper, the mentalist breaking it, and then appearing to read the hidden information. The note indicates that after this article, Schiariti was forced to close his practices and was prosecuted for fraud and harassment.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The recurring themes in this issue revolve around skepticism towards paranormal claims, the exposure of alleged fraud, and critical analysis of the commercial aspects of the paranormal field. The magazine's stance is clearly investigative and skeptical, aiming to debunk sensationalist claims and expose deception, while also addressing legal and ethical issues within the paranormal community. There is a strong emphasis on distinguishing genuine phenomena from illusionism and commercial exploitation. The articles also highlight the importance of ethical conduct and truthfulness in paranormal research and divulgação.

This issue of CRITICO, dated November 2000, delves into various topics related to the paranormal, fraud, and questionable practices, with a strong investigative tone. The main articles focus on the alleged "fraud of the devils of Haiti" and the dubious nature of parapsychology studies in Spain.

The Fraud of the Devils of Haiti

The magazine recounts a journey to Haiti to investigate the phenomenon of "diablos" in Voodoo rituals. The author, initially seeking proof of the invisible world, finds that the practice is largely a fraud perpetrated by "bokors" (sorcerers) who exploit the desperation of people. These sorcerers allegedly make pacts with demons for power and wealth, which are eventually paid for with the sorcerer's life and soul. The article details personal experiences of encountering alleged "diablos" in wooden boxes, which are presented as elaborate tricks. One account describes a ritual where a "devil" named Bahel is summoned, only for the participants to discover it was a staged event. Another ritual involving "Astarot" also proves to be a sophisticated deception, with hidden accomplices and staged phenomena. The author warns readers about the potential for fraud in Haiti, where Voodoo has become a means for some to extract money from tourists.

"Universities" of Parapsychology in Spanish Legal Order: False Courses and Titles of Parapsychologist

This section critically examines the proliferation of parapsychology courses and "universities" in Spain. It highlights that despite advertisements claiming these offer university-level studies and recognized titles, they lack official homologation and legal standing. The article explains that Spanish law, specifically the Organic Law 11/83 and Royal Decree 557/91, sets strict requirements for the creation and recognition of universities. Since parapsychology is not an officially recognized academic field in Spain, any institution claiming to offer recognized degrees in this area is misleading. The text points out that while professional associations for parapsychologists exist, this does not equate to the official recognition of their educational programs.

The Case of Juan José Ferrer and the Psychic Raphel: Psychics Play with an Advantage

This article revisits the tragic case of Juan José Ferrer, a 10-year-old boy murdered in Madrid in 1992. The case gained public attention due to the family's desperate search for answers, leading them to consult numerous "reputed" and famous psychics. The article details how the family was defrauded by several psychics, including "Rappel" and "Pilar," who charged significant amounts of money for false predictions and assurances. The author contrasts these fraudulent psychics with a single honest psychic who correctly stated the child was dead and even indicated the burial site, but charged nothing. The piece suggests that psychics exploit the desperation of those in grief, offering false hope and financial gain.

Octavio Aceves vs. The Beyond

This section reports on a legal case where the psychic Octavio Aceves sued investigator Manuel Carballal over an article published in "Mas Allá de la Ciencia." The article in question, "Psychic Detectives," discussed the collaboration of psychics with the police, specifically mentioning Aceves's alleged involvement in the Anabel Segura case, where his predictions were reportedly inaccurate. The court ruled in favor of Carballal, finding that his article was based on verifiable sources and did not constitute defamation. The piece also includes an opinion piece from "METAMORPHOS" in "EL MUNDO" that criticizes psychics and healers for preying on vulnerable individuals.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The recurring themes in this issue of CRITICO are the exposure of fraud within paranormal and spiritual practices, the critical examination of unsubstantiated claims, and the protection of the public from exploitation. The editorial stance is clearly skeptical and investigative, aiming to debunk false claims and highlight the deceptive practices of individuals and institutions that prey on people's hopes and fears, particularly those in vulnerable situations. The magazine emphasizes the importance of critical thinking and due diligence when encountering claims of the supernatural or extraordinary.

The Meteorites That Never Existed

This issue of CRITICO, dated January 2004, delves into the widespread sightings of a mysterious aerial phenomenon on January 4, 2004, across Spain and Portugal. The cover headline, "LOS METEORITOS QUE NUNCA EXISTIERON" (The Meteorites That Never Existed), immediately signals a critical examination of the event.

The Phenomenon of January 4, 2004

The article details numerous eyewitness accounts from various locations including Santiago de Compostela, Zamora, León, Madrid, Aragón, and Fuerteventura. Witnesses consistently described an incandescent object, often a green or white fireball, leaving a luminous trail. Many reported it descending and believed it had fallen to the ground. The phenomenon was observed around 17:45, though some accounts placed it slightly later, around 18:00.

In León, Luis Alfonso Fernández Arenas and Carmen Blanco managed to film the object, producing one of the most spectacular recordings. The trail left in the sky was reported to be visible for extended periods, in some cases over 30 minutes and even an hour.

Scientific Investigations and Explanations

Initial investigations by the Instituto Nacional de Meteorología (INM) found no unusual atmospheric phenomena and suggested the sightings might be related to weather balloons or airplanes. However, this explanation was quickly challenged by others.

William Ailor from The Aerospace Corporation dismissed the possibility of a re-entry into Earth's atmosphere over Spain. Jacob Petrus, a meteorologist, argued that the observed friction was inconsistent with a weather balloon. The Red de Investigación sobre Bólidos y Meteoritos and the Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (CSIC) conducted more thorough investigations.

Their conclusions pointed towards the object being a bolide, a very bright meteor. Calculations suggested it passed over León at an altitude of 80 kilometers and exploded north of Palencia at an altitude of 30 kilometers. The object was estimated to weigh between 10 and 100 tons.

Recovered Fragments and Scientific Interest

Dr. Javier García Guinea of the Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales analyzed two fragments recovered in the Montes de Palencia. He concluded they were meteoritic, consisting of a mixture of rock and metal, specifically magnesium silicate and olivine. The discoverer, journalist Abel Tarilonte, expressed frustration over the perceived lack of scientific interest in the find, despite it being the first meteorite found in Spain in six decades.

Trajectory and Scientific Rigor

Josep María Trigo, a geophysicist, analyzed the trajectory, noting that initial reports were less precise. The final determination indicated a trajectory from southwest to northeast, with the object exploding north of Palencia. The article highlights the scientific community's efforts to reconstruct the trajectory, noting it was the first time such an event during daylight had been precisely reconstructed in Spain.

However, the article also points to a perceived lack of rigor, suggesting that testimonies outside the León and Palencia region were dismissed or explained away, with claims that no reliable fragments or testimonies existed outside of northwestern Spain.

Unexplained Phenomena on the Same Day

The issue also details other unexplained events that occurred on January 4, 2004, and in the preceding days and weeks:

• Fuerteventura: 45 minutes before the main event, a witness reported seeing a trail resembling a meteorite, described as "flashes like burning rockets falling into the sea."
• Lanzarote: Seven hours later, a green trail was observed crossing the sky.
• Valencia: Four orange trails, similar to those left by airplanes, were seen heading west.
• Puerto de Burriana, Castellón: A woman reported seeing a fireball fall, followed by a second one. Searches found nothing.
• Vélez y Málaga: A motorist reported their car's engine, radio, and mobile phone stopped working for three minutes after seeing a bright flash, attributing it to a 'meteorite'.
• Incendios: Several small fires were reported across Spain. In Renedo de Valderaduey (León), where the bolide was seen, a cultivated area caught fire. In the Valencian Community, fires were reported near Cabanes and between Nules and Vall d'Uxó. A more significant fire in Minglanilla (Cuenca) was accompanied by reports of falling fireballs and the discovery of small craters, which the CSIC stated were not meteoritic.
• Santa Eulalia del Campo (Teruel): People reported seeing fire fall and cause an ignition near the railway line.

Earlier and Later Events

The article also touches upon events preceding the main sighting:

• January 2: Francisco Moreno and his son heard an impact sound in a forest near Rebanal de las Llantas (Palencia), described as a dry blow followed by a suction effect. This was later linked to the meteorite event.
• January 3: Jesús Passolas, a student in Zaragoza, filmed a slow-moving object with a green trail. The CSIC identified it as an airplane, but the article suggests the footage could be consistent with other phenomena.

Nazi Esotericism and Hidden Projects

Beyond the meteorite event, the magazine delves into a controversial topic: the legend of Akakor and the Ugha Mongulala, exploring alleged Nazi involvement in esoteric research and hidden projects. This section, titled "AKAKOR: LA LEYENDA DE LOS UGHA MONGULALA (II)", discusses:

• Karl Brugger's Research: The journalist Karl Brugger was investigating theories about subterranean cities and Nazi explorations in South America. His work was reportedly controversial, and after his death, his private documentation was seized.
• Tatunca Nara's Story: The indigenous prince Tatunca Nara recounted a story about the Ugha Mongulala forming an alliance with Germans in 1936, involving the arrival of two thousand German soldiers to teach them to handle weapons in exchange for help in conquering Brazilian territories.
• Nazi Operations in South America: The article cites Brugger's research into historical records suggesting German secret operations in South America, including reconnaissance missions by submarines and the potential establishment of bases.
• The Abwehr and Ahnenerbe: The roles of the Abwehr (German military intelligence) and the Ahnenerbe (a Nazi organization focused on esoteric research and archaeology) are discussed. The Ahnenerbe's departments included investigations into the Holy Grail, Atlantean vestiges, yoga, ancient pagan cults, and the Hollow Earth theory.
• Expeditions and Beliefs: The article mentions the Ahnenerbe's expedition to Tibet in 1938-1939, led by Erns Schaefer, which aimed to establish contact with inhabitants of a subterranean kingdom called Agartha. The belief in Agartha and other subterranean realms was strong among Ahnenerbe scientists.
• Vril Society and Advanced Technology: The article touches upon the Thule Society, Sol Negro, and the Vril Society, which were interested in esoteric knowledge and advanced technology, including the concept of 'Vril' energy. It suggests that the Nazis pursued projects involving antigravitational energy and developed disc-shaped aircraft, possibly inspired by esoteric texts.
• Subterranean Cities and Alien Contact: The research of Narciso Genovese is presented, who claimed to have worked with scientists dedicated to harnessing solar or cosmic energy for peaceful purposes. Genovese's book "Yo he viajado a Marte" (I Traveled to Mars) is mentioned, along with claims of a community of scientists working in a secret location in South America, aiming to communicate with extraterrestrials and develop advanced technology. The article also references alleged contacts with Martians and interplanetary travel.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The issue presents a dual focus: a detailed, evidence-based investigation into a specific astronomical event (the bolide sighting) and a more speculative exploration of esoteric beliefs, secret Nazi projects, and potential extraterrestrial contact. The editorial stance appears critical, questioning official explanations, highlighting inconsistencies, and presenting controversial theories alongside scientific findings. The article emphasizes the importance of rigorous investigation while also acknowledging the enduring mystery and the allure of the unexplained, particularly when linked to historical enigmas and potential hidden agendas.

EL CRITICO, Issue 57, dated May 2006, is a Spanish-language magazine focusing on a diverse range of topics including ufology, historical scientific rivalries, geopolitical conflicts, and psychological and legal matters. The cover story, "The Arab-Israeli Conflict and American Propaganda: Islamist Terrorism: Myth and Reality," questions the common narrative surrounding terrorism.

Key Articles and Features

Marconi vs. Tesla: A Scientific Rivalry

The issue delves into the lives and work of Guglielmo Marconi and Nikola Tesla. Marconi, the pioneer of wireless telegraphy, is credited with transmitting the letter 'S' across the Atlantic in 1901 and received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1909. The article suggests that in his later years, Marconi engaged in clandestine experiments, possibly receiving messages from space and even developing a 'death ray.'

Nikola Tesla, a brilliant inventor from Croatia, is presented as Marconi's great rival. After working with Thomas Edison, Tesla developed the alternating current (AC) system, which became the basis for George Westinghouse's electrical empire. Tesla's visionary ideas, including wireless energy transmission and advanced technologies like precursors to radar and the 'death ray,' are highlighted. Despite his genius, Tesla often struggled with funding and recognition, dying in poverty. The article notes the surprising similarities in their lives and claims of extraterrestrial contact.

The Arab-Israeli Conflict and Islamist Terrorism

This section critically examines the portrayal of Islamist terrorism, particularly in relation to the Arab-Israeli conflict. It questions the media's tendency to link Palestinian resistance with groups like Al Qaeda, suggesting this is a propaganda tactic to garner Western support against the Palestinian cause. The article posits that the conflict is fundamentally political, not religious, and that acts of violence are often rooted in deep psychological trauma and frustration stemming from occupation and oppression, rather than solely religious fanaticism. The role of figures like Osama bin Laden and Yasser Arafat is discussed, with Hamas distancing itself from Al Qaeda.

The Psychological Trauma of Suicide Terrorism

Dr. Mahmud Sehwail, a Palestinian-Aragonese psychiatrist, discusses the profound psychological impact of the conflict on the Palestinian population. He emphasizes that humiliation, fear, and psychological torture are more damaging than physical pain. Dr. Sehwail explains that many suicide attacks stem from unbearable trauma and personal histories, not religious ideology. He shares harrowing testimonies of individuals who have suffered extreme violence, including torture techniques like 'sabaj' (hanging by the arms), and how this trauma can lead to desperate acts.

Legal Case: Juan Accused of Sexual Abuse

A significant portion of the magazine is dedicated to a legal case involving a man named Juan, accused of sexual abuse by Almudena and Gonzalo. The accusations stem from alleged sexual acts performed during 'cleansing' rituals intended to resolve personal problems. The case went through the courts, with the Provincial Court of Cádiz acquitting Juan. The Public Prosecutor appealed to the Supreme Court, citing procedural errors. However, the Supreme Court upheld the acquittal, finding that the alleged acts did not constitute a crime and that the prosecution had not sufficiently proven its case.

Paranormal Investigations and Media Updates

The magazine also provides updates on the paranormal and ufology scene. It reports on the end of the radio program "Misterios en las ondas" and the launch of new TV programs on mysterious phenomena. The work of ufologist Jordan Peña, who admitted to fabricating evidence, is discussed. The publication highlights the continued efforts of "Espacio Compartido," a specialized bulletin on paranormal investigation, and mentions the work of authors like Javier Sierra and Iker Jiménez in popularizing mystery-related topics.

Other Noteworthy Content

• UFO Sightings: An account of alleged alien contact from nearly 2,000 years ago is presented, along with a description of a metallic document received.
• Terrorism and Religion: The article explores the historical roots of martyrdom in Islam, drawing parallels between Hasan-i Sabbah (the Old Man of the Mountain) and modern figures like Osama bin Laden, and discusses the phenomenon of female suicide bombers.
• Child Victims: The psychological impact of violence on Palestinian children is highlighted, with concerns that they may become the next generation of militants.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

EL CRITICO consistently questions official narratives and media portrayals, particularly concerning geopolitical conflicts and paranormal phenomena. The magazine adopts a critical stance towards sensationalism and propaganda, seeking to uncover underlying truths and complexities. There is a recurring interest in scientific pioneers, unexplained events, and the psychological dimensions of human experience, especially in contexts of conflict and trauma. The editorial stance appears to favor in-depth investigation and a questioning of established beliefs, encouraging readers to think critically about the information presented.

This issue of UFO Magazine, identified by its issue number 61, delves into a variety of complex and often controversial topics, including the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, terrorism, the UMMO phenomenon, and ancient archaeological mysteries. The magazine appears to be published in Spanish and originates from Spain, with a focus on international events and theories.

The Human Cost of Conflict: Suicide Bombings and Palestinian Children

The issue opens with a stark portrayal of the human toll of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, detailing several instances of female suicide bombings. It highlights the cases of Andalib Suleiman (April 12, 2002, Jerusalem), Hiba Azem Daraghmeh (May 19, 2003, Afula), Hanadi Tayseer Jaradat (October 4, 2003, Haifa), Zainab Abu Salem (September 23, 2004, Jerusalem), and Reem Saleh Al-Riyashi (January 14, 2004, Gaza Strip). These accounts emphasize the tragic circumstances and motivations behind these acts, often linking them to personal loss and the broader political situation.

The article further explores the psychological impact of the conflict on Palestinian children. It notes that many children grow up with toy weapons, influenced by the constant presence of Israeli soldiers and their arms. This environment shapes their play and can lead to a collective trauma, potentially sowing the seeds for future problems in the region. The piece quotes Dr. Mahmud Sehwail, who suggests that ending the traumas of life in Palestine could lead to an end of martyrdom and violence.

The World's Most Dangerous Organizations

A significant portion of the magazine is dedicated to a list of the 30 most dangerous terrorist organizations worldwide, as officially stated by the U.S. Department of State on April 29, 2004. The list includes well-known groups such as Al-Qaeda, Hamas, Hezbollah, and ETA, alongside others like Abu Sayyaf Group, Al-Gama'a al-Islamiyya, and the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam. This section provides a broad overview of the global landscape of terrorism as perceived by the U.S. government at the time.

The UMMO Phenomenon Resurfaces

The magazine reports on the resurgence of the UMMO phenomenon, noting that between April and May 2006, researchers began receiving long, multi-page reports via email, imitating the style of earlier UMMO communications. The article mentions that the collective ARP and Juan José Benitez are reportedly involved, with Benitez expected to release a book on the subject. Several hypotheses regarding the origin and nature of these UMMO reports are presented, including the possibility of them being authentic extraterrestrial communications, a sophisticated hoax, or even a product of intelligence agencies.

Book Reviews and Critiques on Terrorism and Islamism

Several books related to terrorism, Islamism, and the 9/11 and 11-M attacks are reviewed. "La Yihad en España" by Gustavo de Aristegui, "Confesiones de un loco de Alá" by Khaled El-Berry, and "11-M La Venganza" by Casimiro Garcia-Abadillo are discussed. El-Berry's book is particularly recommended for its sincere account of a young Egyptian's radicalization. In contrast, "La lucha contra el terrorismo y sus limites" coordinated by Baltasar Garzón is criticized as disappointing and superficial. Bruno Cardeñosa's work, including "El dia de mañana," is also mentioned, with his perspective suggesting that Al Qaeda might be a fabricated entity used to justify U.S. interests in Middle Eastern oil.

Archaeological Mysteries and UFO Hoaxes

The issue also ventures into the realm of ancient mysteries and potential hoaxes. A section titled "UNA VUELTA AL MUNDO CONVIVIENDO CON CHAMANES, BRUJOS Y SACERDOTES..." (A Round-the-World Journey Living with Shamans, Witches, and Priests...) hints at explorations of ancient religious sites and secrets. The cover itself features imagery of pyramids and a mysterious symbol, suggesting a focus on ancient civilizations and their enigmatic practices.

Furthermore, the magazine addresses a specific UFO photograph allegedly taken in Bariloche, Argentina, in 1968. It asserts that the photograph, which has been associated with the FOTOCAT archives, is a fabrication. J. P. González of Fundación Anomalía reportedly discovered that the manipulated image actually corresponds to the Canadian Avrocar vehicle, a flying saucer prototype whose program was canceled in 1961. This section highlights the magazine's critical stance on photographic evidence in UFO research.

Logic and Perception

An article discusses different logical frameworks, contrasting binary logic (like Boolean logic) with quantum logic. It touches upon Aristotelian logic and the principle of the excluded middle, while also acknowledging modern interpretations and the complexities of truth and falsehood in communication.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The recurring themes in this issue are the multifaceted nature of conflict, the impact of political and religious extremism, the ongoing debate surrounding terrorism, and the enduring fascination with unexplained phenomena like UFOs and ancient mysteries. The magazine adopts a critical and investigative stance, presenting both official lists and alternative theories, while also highlighting the human consequences of violence and political instability. There is a clear interest in debunking hoaxes and providing a more nuanced understanding of complex issues, even when dealing with controversial subjects like suicide bombings and alleged extraterrestrial contact.