Clypeus - 1969 - Vol 6 No 5

Magazine Overview

Title: Clypeus
Subtitle: Nuove Frontiere Della Scienza (New Frontiers of Science)
Issue: Number 5, Volume VI
Date: October 1969 (2nd semester 1969)
Publisher: Gruppo Culturale "Clypeus"
Patronage: Associazione Piemontese di Esobiologia (A.P.E.)
Frequency: Bimonthly
Founded: 1964
Editorial and Administration: c/o Gianni V. Settimo, P.O. Box 604, 10100 Torino, Italy.
Printing: C.L.U.T. - Torino
Annual Subscription: Lire 2,500 / $5.00 (surface mail)
Copyright: Reproduction of articles and illustrations requires written permission from the direction of Clypeus.

Contents Overview

This issue of Clypeus, a bimonthly magazine dedicated to new frontiers of science, presents a diverse range of topics, from the speculative possibilities of interstellar travel to a detailed account of a mysterious aerial phenomenon witnessed in Italy. The cover features a striking illustration by Renzo Alessandri, with the prominent number '25'.

Editorial: "Chi Bussa Alla Porta?" (Who Knocks at the Door?)

Written by Remo Fedi, this editorial reflects on the spiritual dimension of existence, suggesting that something of immense value is attempting to enter our consciousness, but we are often afraid to open the door. Fedi argues for the primacy of the transcendent over the immanent, emphasizing that true understanding comes from inner spiritual development rather than solely from external experience. He posits that the cosmic, divine fire, or Logos, should guide our evolution.

Destination: Proxima Centauri

This article explores the immense challenges and theoretical possibilities of interstellar travel. It begins by questioning humanity's future ability to venture beyond the solar system and the implications of such journeys, where astronauts might return to a vastly aged Earth. The article highlights the vast distance to Proxima Centauri (4.2 light-years) and the prohibitive travel times, even with advanced hypothetical spacecraft. It discusses concepts like unmanned probes and the concept of "suspended animation" (or "animazione sospesa") to prolong human life for centuries during long voyages. The article also touches upon Professor J.D. Bernal's idea of "interstellar arks"—large spacecraft capable of sustaining entire communities for generations. Ultimately, it suggests that more rational approaches to space travel might emerge before these more fantastic projects are realized.

Sulle Ali Della Luce (On the Wings of Light)

This section delves into advanced propulsion concepts, citing physicist H.D. Smith's view that the "atomic age" is merely a transition to an "age of light and radiation." It introduces Professor Eugen Sänger's theories on using light as a motive force for spacecraft, specifically the "photon rocket." This propulsion system would expel atomic particles at near-light speeds. The article notes the significant technological hurdles, such as the extreme temperatures generated by such a process, but expresses optimism that future advancements will provide solutions.

Il Tempo Si Fermerà? (Will Time Stop?)

Continuing the discussion on interstellar travel, this section examines the implications of relativistic speeds, particularly Albert Einstein's theory of relativity and the "paradox of the clocks." It explains that at speeds approaching the velocity of light, time would slow down for the travelers relative to observers on Earth. This time dilation effect means that a journey of a few years for the astronauts could correspond to centuries or even millennia passing on Earth, leading to the possibility of returning to a vastly changed or even non-existent home planet.

La Conquista Della Luna Non È Stata Inutile (The Conquest of the Moon Was Not Useless)

This article presents a student's essay, Maresco Magnolfi, detailing a personal experience from the summer of 1968. The student recounts witnessing a mysterious aerial phenomenon on the night of San Lorenzo. While walking with his father and dog, he observed a large, bright light in the sky, similar to the moon, descending rapidly towards the woods, leaving a trail of fire and green smoke. The event was accompanied by unusual animal behavior (barking dog, singing owls and gufo) and a sudden warming of the air, followed by a loud boom. The article frames this experience within the broader context of human curiosity and the search for meaning, suggesting that even in the face of uncertainty and difficulty, humanity's drive to solve complex problems, like space navigation, is inherently valuable.

Corriere Della Sera Article

A clipping from "Corriere Della Sera" dated August 11, 1968, reports on a "Mysterious explosion in the sky of Florence." It describes the sky being illuminated by a strange phenomenon that concluded with an explosion. Witnesses in various locations around Florence reported seeing a bright light, and some claimed something had fallen, with large white stains found on the ground that were to be analyzed for possible meteorite fragments.

Cartoon

A humorous cartoon depicts two men entering an office labeled "USAF DEPT. OF U.F.O." Inside, a figure resembling Superman is surrounded by numerous ant-like creatures, suggesting that the department knows more about UFOs than it lets on.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The magazine consistently explores themes of the unknown, the future of science, and humanity's place in the cosmos. There's a strong emphasis on speculative science, theoretical physics, and the philosophical implications of scientific advancement. The editorial stance appears to be one of open-minded inquiry, encouraging readers to consider possibilities beyond conventional understanding, while also grounding discussions in scientific theory and reported phenomena. The magazine seems to advocate for the pursuit of knowledge and the value of human endeavor in overcoming challenges, as highlighted in the student's essay and the discussion on the moon landing's significance.

This issue of the Italian newspaper "Gazzetta del Popolo" from September 1969 features a prominent section dedicated to the ongoing public debate surrounding UFOs (Unidentified Flying Objects) and the possibility of extraterrestrial life. The newspaper acts as a platform for its readers to express their views, share experiences, and engage in arguments, reflecting a significant public interest in the topic during that era.

Fantasie spaziali (Space Fantasies)

Andrea Fossati from Cerano (Novara) writes a letter to the editor, expressing skepticism towards claims of extraterrestrial visits. He argues that while human intelligence has achieved feats like moon landings, the idea of intelligent extraterrestrial beings visiting Earth for pleasure, as depicted in science fiction films, is questionable. Fossati challenges the notion that such beings would communicate in Earth languages or seek contact with ordinary people. He questions the validity of 'relics' from alleged UFOs, demanding scientific documentation and expressing doubt about claims of extraterrestrial superiority. He also questions the logic of discussing official contact with extraterrestrials when their existence is not yet proven. Fossati concludes by asking for the sources of information cited by other readers, specifically mentioning Piero Rovei and Gianni Settimo.

Telepatie in varie lingue (Telepathy in various languages)

Another letter, likely a response to Piero Rovei, is signed by Gianni Settimo from Torino. Settimo addresses Rovei's claims, stating that while they do not deny sightings, there is much to be said about them, especially concerning the authenticity of photographs and films. He criticizes Rovei for not providing concrete evidence to support his assertions, implying that Rovei is speaking based on hearsay. Settimo also touches upon Rovei's mention of telepathic contact with extraterrestrials, expressing a need for scientific documentation of such phenomena, and humorously notes that telepathy, by its nature, might not require a shared language.

Fotografie di dischi volanti (Photographs of flying saucers)

This section features a letter from Savona, signed by someone who identifies as a reader of "Opinione dei Lettori." The author defends the use of photographs and films of flying saucers, acknowledging that some might be faked but insisting that others are authentic. They cite an example of a photograph from the Syndication International (Daly Mirror) in London, which they claim has been authenticated. The author criticizes those who dismiss such photographic evidence as mere tricks, suggesting they do so to appear 'learned' or 'intransigent' in the pursuit of scientific proof.

La polemica sugli UFO (The UFO polemic)

Arduino Albertini from Torino writes about the UFO polemic, explaining his delay in responding due to being away. He addresses Gianni Settimo's skepticism, noting that while some people claim to have had contact with extraterrestrials and discussed matters with them, Settimo requires scientific documentation. Albertini questions what constitutes 'scientific documentation' in this context. He contrasts Settimo's stance with that of Piero Rovei and Gioachino Robatto, who believe without necessarily having documents beyond personal testimonies. Albertini suggests that these debates are futile, as it comes down to belief. He also points out the irony of Settimo, who founded a magazine ('Clypeus') on the UFO phenomenon, not believing testimonies. Albertini suggests Settimo might gain more followers if he adopted a more open-minded approach. He also briefly touches upon telepathy, agreeing with Rovei that it doesn't necessarily involve language.

Pareri discordi (Discordant opinions)

Andrea Fossati from Cerano (Novara) writes again, responding to letters from Robatto and Settimo. He reiterates his skepticism about extraterrestrial visits, questioning Robatto's claims of extraterrestrial intervention to prevent human self-destruction. Fossati also questions Settimo's more cautious stance on UFOs, particularly his suggestion that some phenomena might originate 'elsewhere.' Fossati asks for clarification on a statement by Robatto about a 'certain operation' to be carried out by a 'space force,' questioning if it will be visible and participatory for everyone, and if he will be forewarned.

Fotografare gli UFO (Photographing UFOs)

This letter, signed by G. Robatto from Savona, proposes a method for photographing UFOs even if they are not visible to the naked eye. He suggests using multiple cine-cameras with telephoto lenses and filters, strategically placed to cover different sectors of the sky. These cameras would operate continuously during daylight hours. Robatto acknowledges the significant cost involved but believes this systematic approach could yield verifiable film evidence. He also mentions that similar systems are used in America, employing mechanisms that trigger recording based on changes in temperature or specific wavelengths, thus saving film. He concludes by asking who would bear the cost of such an experiment.

Documentazioni discutibili? (Questionable documentation?)

This letter, signed by Gianni Settimo from Torino, responds to a previous letter from an anonymous reader and also addresses Arduino Albertini. Settimo questions the authenticity of a photograph attributed to James P. Templeton, suggesting it might depict something other than an 'extraterrestrial man.' He reiterates his stance that while some UFO phenomena might be real, many are likely misinterpretations or hoaxes. Settimo criticizes the anonymous polemicist for lacking proof and for being like those who dismiss evidence to appear 'learned.' He acknowledges Albertini's attempt to clarify things but points out that even Albertini has other testimonies where individuals admitted to 'joking.' Settimo questions the validity of 'proofs' and suggests that 'things fallen from elsewhere' (like the object allegedly found in Laigueglia) are not necessarily extraterrestrial. He concludes by stating that the continuous repetition of UFO sightings globally does not automatically validate them and that one should not wear 'blinders.'

Scherzi >> e dischi volanti (<< Pranks >> and flying saucers)

Gianni Settimo, writing on behalf of the group "CLYPEUS," addresses Arduino Albertini's letter. Settimo agrees that there has been a lot of 'merchandising' and 'pranks' related to UFOs, leading to confusion. He mentions that while his magazine 'Clypeus' has received various documentation, he has refused to publish copies of certain photographs, fearing they would be misused. Settimo questions the credibility of individuals who claim to have met extraterrestrials or flown in their spacecraft, especially given the widespread belief in such stories. He notes that while he has investigated and cataloged UFO news for years, he has never encountered extraterrestrials or government interference. He also advises against attributing every mysterious event to UFOs. Settimo concludes by stating that his group has held congresses and conferences but has not encountered any extraterrestrial beings.

Foto truccate e UFO in volo (Fake photos and UFOs in flight)

This section contains a critical commentary on UFO photography, attributed to P. B. from Milano. The author expresses the opinion that most photographs of flying objects are fabrications, easily created in a darkroom by mediocre photographers. They specifically dismiss the famous Adamski photograph as a lamp, a basin, or any other object photographed under specific lighting conditions. The author suggests that pilots who fly at high altitudes have never encountered such objects, questioning the validity of UFO claims and urging an end to the discussion, especially concerning 'tin models or cardboard.'

Ecosì Adamski è liquidato... (And so Adamski is liquidated...)

This article critiques George Adamski, who claimed to have met extraterrestrials and traveled in their spacecraft. The author, defending Adamski, refers to a 'memorial' sent by Arduino Albertini. The article suggests that Albertini's letters, which frequently appear in newspapers, are characterized by a tendency to believe without demanding proof. It criticizes Albertini for confusing UFOs and Adamski with religious dogma. The article then presents a response from the Encyclopedia Britannica, which, according to Albertini, should have rehabilitated Adamski. However, the Britannica's response reportedly cites 'Newsweek,' which described Adamski as a 'space-era prankster.' The article concludes that Adamski is 'completely destroyed' by these citations and that his presence at Arlington cemetery was due to his military service, not his UFO claims. It challenges any heirs of Adamski to provide proof of his space travels and questions why Adamski never collaborated with NASA, why he didn't announce his space flights in advance, and why he never produced clear photographs of extraterrestrials. The article ends by suggesting that Adamski and others like him simply make the world more 'entertaining.'

Ancora a proposito di dischi volanti (More on flying saucers)

Gianna Spada from La Spezia writes, referencing Arduino Albertini's letter. She notes that as space exploration progresses, believers in UFOs are left without arguments. Spada questions what believers will say if missions to Mars and Venus find no signs of life, suggesting they might resort to claiming extraterrestrials exist in distant galaxies. She criticizes those who have written books and given interviews about meeting extraterrestrials and flying in their spacecraft, suggesting they exploit the credulity of the public for financial gain. Spada contrasts this with the human achievement of landing on the Moon, implying that such claims are fantastical.

Era un pallone-sonda quel corpo luminoso? (Was it a weather balloon, that luminous object?)

This news report from "LA STAMPA" dated October 28, 1969, discusses numerous phone calls received by the newspaper regarding a luminous object observed in the sky. Officials from air traffic control and the meteorological service at Caselle suggested it was likely a weather balloon launched from Switzerland or Germany for meteorological data collection. The report describes the characteristics of such balloons and how they can appear luminous due to sunlight. It also mentions that wind conditions at Caselle that afternoon supported this hypothesis, although the possibility of an artificial satellite or a fragment of a space vehicle was not entirely ruled out.

Veniamo da altri mondi? (Do we come from other worlds?)

This extensive article explores the hypothesis that humanity might have originated from other worlds or been influenced by extraterrestrial civilizations. It begins by quoting Metrodoro da Lampsaco on the idea of multiple inhabited worlds. The author discusses the scientific acceptance of a vast universe and the possibility of life beyond Earth. The article delves into ancient myths and legends from various cultures (Greek, Egyptian, Slavic, Easter Island, Apache, Japanese) that speak of beings descending from the sky, fiery serpents, or luminous objects. It draws parallels between these myths and the concept of extraterrestrial visitors. The author also examines the architectural similarities between pyramids in different parts of the world (e.g., Mesoamerica and Egypt) and the possibility that these structures were influenced by advanced extraterrestrial knowledge. The article touches upon the Palenque sarcophagus lid, interpreting it as depicting a pilot of a cosmic vehicle. It concludes by suggesting that the universe is not centered on our solar system and that other worlds and civilizations likely exist. The author contemplates the eventual end of humanity and the possibility of new species emerging, reflecting on the transient nature of existence and the potential for future discoveries.

LA STELLA DEI RE MAGI (The Star of the Magi)

This article investigates the astronomical nature of the Star of Bethlehem. It begins by stating that the biblical account of the star guiding the Magi has often been explained away as a miracle by religious authorities, hindering scientific discussion. However, the author asserts that current scientific understanding offers a plausible, non-miraculous explanation. Referencing the astronomer Johannes Kepler's hypothesis from 1606, the article suggests the star was a rare triple conjunction of Jupiter and Saturn in the constellation Pisces. It details the historical context, including the death of Herod the Great (around 4 BC) and the biblical narrative of the Massacre of the Innocents, which helps narrow down the timeframe for Jesus's birth to approximately 7-8 BC. The article discusses the significance of planetary conjunctions in Jewish tradition, particularly their association with the coming of the Messiah, citing Maimonides and the prophecy of Balaam ('A star shall come forth out of Jacob'). It explains that while simple conjunctions of Jupiter and Saturn occur relatively frequently, triple conjunctions are much rarer. The article mentions previous conjunctions in Pisces in 126 BC and 66 BC, and notes that the triple conjunction in Pisces in 7 BC was a significant astronomical event that could have been interpreted as a divine sign by the people of that time. It also briefly mentions other astronomical events and figures like Tycho Brahe's supernova and the historical context of Jewish messianic expectations.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The recurring themes in this issue revolve around the UFO phenomenon, extraterrestrial life, and the nature of evidence and belief. There is a clear division between those who are skeptical and demand scientific proof, and those who are more open to anecdotal evidence and historical interpretations. The newspaper seems to provide a platform for this debate without taking a definitive stance, allowing readers to present their arguments and counter-arguments. The articles also touch upon related topics such as astronomy, ancient mythology, and the historical context of religious beliefs, suggesting a broader interest in the unknown and humanity's place in the universe.

This issue of "Clypeus", identified by the page numbers 147-152, is a magazine focused on "New Frontiers of Science" and related topics, including UFOs, ancient mysteries, and space exploration. The issue is primarily in Italian and appears to be from the late 1960s or early 1970s, given the references to the Apollo 11 moon landing and the publication dates of the books discussed.

The Star of Bethlehem and the Birth of the Messiah

The first article delves into the astronomical and historical context surrounding the birth of Jesus. It posits that the conjunction of planets in 7 BC, which repeated three times, was a significant celestial event that was interpreted by some as a sign of the Messiah's imminent arrival. The text highlights the fear and suspicion of King Herod, who ordered the massacre of children in Bethlehem to eliminate a potential rival. The article suggests that the Magi, described as astrologers, were likely Jewish astrologers from Babylon who understood the significance of this astronomical phenomenon. It also touches upon the translation of the biblical text, suggesting that the 'star' might refer to the rising of a planet in the morning sky.

Erich von Däniken: Extraterrestrials Will Return

A significant portion of the magazine is dedicated to the theories of Erich von Däniken, specifically his book "Gli Extraterrestri Torneranno" (Extraterrestrials Will Return). The article presents Däniken's provocative assertion that extraterrestrial beings visited Earth in the distant past, influencing human development and even destroying a portion of humanity to create the first "HOMO SAPIENS." The text details Däniken's background as an hotel owner who traveled extensively, researching ancient texts and sites to support his claims. It mentions that his book had already achieved significant sales in various countries and was being published in Italy. The article emphasizes that Däniken's work aims to provide evidence for his theories, challenging conventional views of history and human origins.

Renato Vesco: The Mystery Aircraft

Another key article focuses on Renato Vesco's book, "I Velivoli del Mistero" (The Mystery Aircraft), which explores the technical secrets of flying discs. Vesco's thesis is that these revolutionary aircraft are not of extraterrestrial origin but are the product of human technological advancement, specifically a collaboration between Anglo-Canadian forces in aeronautical construction. The article explains that Vesco analyzes authentic photographs and testimonies from qualified individuals to refute pseudo-scientific theories about anti-gravity. Instead, he interprets the phenomena through the lens of advanced aerodynamics and a revolutionary propulsion system, suggesting that these "flying discs" are actually advanced aircraft developed from experimental Italian-German armaments from World War II, representing a "New Aviation" capable of super-stratospheric and even space flight.

Philately: Space-Themed Stamps

The column "In Orbita Con I Francobolli" (In Orbit With Stamps), by Phil Aster, discusses the recent surge in postage stamps celebrating the moon landing. It notes emissions from various countries, including Czechoslovakia, Poland, and Belgium, and expresses mild disappointment that Italy, the land of Galileo, had not yet issued a commemorative stamp for the event. The column also mentions the popularity of "souvenir" envelopes related to the Apollo 11 mission. It concludes by proposing the formation of an association for philatelists passionate about space exploration.

"Who's Looking For What" and Book Advertisements

The magazine includes a "Chi Cerca Trova" (Who's Looking For What) section, which functions as a classifieds service for readers seeking specific books and publications. This section lists numerous rare and out-of-print books, primarily in the science fiction, fantasy, and esoteric genres, with contact information for the advertisers. Additionally, there are advertisements for the books discussed in the issue, "Gli Extraterrestri Torneranno" by Erich von Däniken and "I Velivoli del Mistero" by Renato Vesco, with details on how to purchase them. The issue also features advertisements for "Libreria Cartoleria L. A. Muratori" in Turin, "Clypeus" itself, and other related publications like "Nova Sf" and "Riflesso 1."

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The recurring themes in this issue are the intersection of science, history, and mystery, with a particular focus on extraterrestrial theories and advanced technology. The editorial stance appears to be open to exploring unconventional ideas, presenting both the theories of Erich von Däniken regarding ancient astronauts and Renato Vesco's more grounded explanation for UFOs. The inclusion of space-themed philately suggests a broader interest in the cultural impact of space exploration. The magazine aims to inform and engage its readers with speculative and investigative content, encouraging discussion and further research into these fascinating subjects.