The Circular - 2005 No 55

Magazine Overview

Title: THE CIRCULAR
Issue: Double Issue 55
Date: Winter-Spring 2005
Publisher: Centre for Crop Circle Studies (CCCS)
Price: £3.50
ISSN: 1463-0788

This issue of The Circular, the journal of the Centre for Crop Circle Studies, is presented as the last in its current form, with the editor, John Sayer, having withdrawn due to health problems. The issue aims to compensate for the delay with increased size and quality. The journal has strived for 15 years to provide a balanced, non-partisan overview of the crop circle phenomenon for its members.

Editorial: The Last Circular

The editorial reflects on the impending closure of the CCCS, citing reasons such as declining membership, the internet's role in information dissemination, and the increasing prevalence of hoaxing. The editor notes a perceived loss of 'magic' in the phenomenon over the years, partly due to self-styled 'land artists' and commercialism, but asserts that genuine formations and unusual events continue to be recorded globally. The editorial suggests a need to connect crop circles with other paranormal phenomena, ancient wisdom, and folklore, indicating an interaction between a 'generating intelligence' and human consciousness. It posits that the phenomenon may be a means to widen and refine human awareness, encouraging an integration of scientific and metaphysical approaches to understanding reality.

The Proposed Closure of the CCCS

This section details the reasons behind the proposed dissolution of the CCCS. Founded in 1990 with the objective of encouraging an interdisciplinary approach to studying the genuine, geophysical crop circle phenomenon, the organization has faced significant challenges. The report highlights that while crop circle formations increased dramatically from the early 1990s, a substantial portion, estimated at 50% by 1991 and approaching 100% by 2004, were man-made hoaxes. This shift from genuine formations to hoaxes has undermined the CCCS's primary objective. Furthermore, management and membership issues are discussed. The CCCS once had over 1000 subscribers but now has just over 100, with members primarily subscribing for the magazine rather than engaging in the organization's management or research functions. Attempts to close the organization in 1996 led to the breakaway of some branches, which became commercially-oriented New Age organizations. The CCCS was refounded in 1997 but in a weaker state. A Special General Meeting is scheduled for September 3rd, 2005, to consider the dissolution, with a two-thirds majority required for the resolution.

The Phenomenon

This section provides historical context for crop circle formations, noting their reporting from the 17th century onwards. Before 1989, the UK averaged about 10 formations per year. Following the publication of 'Circular Evidence' in 1989, activity surged, with over 100 formations annually in the next decade, peaking at 180-190 in 1992 and 1999. The author attributes these inflated figures largely to hoaxing, which began in earnest in 1991. Research in the early 1990s established criteria to distinguish between geophysical and man-made formations, indicating that by 1991, 50% were man-made, a figure that rose steadily. The author's personal findings suggest that for most of the 1990s, the level of genuine formations remained similar to the late 1980s.

Management and Membership

This section elaborates on the decline in membership and engagement within the CCCS. The organization's membership has fallen to just over 100, a significant decrease from its peak of over 1000 subscribers. This decline is attributed to international hoaxing propaganda starting in 1991. The section notes that many groups that broke away in 1996 became commercially-oriented, abandoning rational research for uncritical acceptance of the phenomenon. The refounded CCCS in 1997 faced straightened finances and a reduced research capacity. Current membership is described as primarily subscribing to the magazine, with low attendance at AGMs and conferences. While some regional groups are flourishing, they often do so with a non-CCCS membership.

Conclusion

The conclusion reiterates the reasons for recommending the dissolution of the CCCS, stemming from a lack of interest in the central body's work and the aging composition of the council. Many officers elected in 1997 remain in post, and efforts to recruit younger members have been unsuccessful. The editor's post, in particular, is noted as onerous, with John Sayer's resignation due to ill health. Despite the sadness of dissolution, the proceedings of The Circular from its inception have been compiled onto a CD-ROM, to be lodged in the libraries of the Society for Psychical Research and the College of Psychic Studies for future investigators.

Dissolution of the Centre

This section outlines the formal process for dissolving the Centre, requiring a two-thirds majority vote at a Special General Meeting. It also details the disposal of assets, which must be transferred to institutions with similar objects or to another charitable purpose, rather than being distributed among members. The notice for the Special General Meeting, to be held on Saturday, September 3rd, 2005, at The Tournament Public House in London, is provided.

Spirals and Rings by Michael Green

This article addresses the challenge of distinguishing between man-made and geophysical crop formations. The author argues that this distinction is crucial, as genuine formations represent a significant paraphysical phenomenon indicative of non-human intelligence. While acknowledging the skill of hoaxers, the article emphasizes that scientific evidence and fieldwork suggest geophysical origins for some formations. The article discusses the work of researchers like Dr. Levengood and the limitations of scientific analysis due to its slow and painstaking nature. It highlights the importance of examining formations in a fresh condition. The article introduces the concept of 'spiral crop flow' as a characteristic of geophysical formations, relating it to Earth's geomagnetic field, columnar vortices, and nested toroidal fields. It mentions the potential involvement of vacuum state energy and sonoluminescence. The author contrasts spiral formations with the neat rings often found in man-made creations, citing examples like the 1997 Headbourne Worthy formation. The article also touches upon the work of hoaxers like Doug 'n Dave and the use of tools such as stalk-stompers and plastic rollers in creating formations. It notes that while rollers are efficient, aerial views can still reveal paths and rings characteristic of hoaxes. The article concludes by suggesting that a significant proportion of ringed formations appear over weekends and calls for improved aerial photography to better analyze formations.

Other Articles and Features

• Editorial: Discusses the end of The Circular and the CCCS, the challenges of the phenomenon, and the need for integrated scientific and metaphysical approaches.
• The Proposed Closure of the CCCS: Details the reasons for the organization's potential dissolution, including declining membership and the rise of hoaxes.
• CCCS Chairman's Report – April 2005: A report from the Chairman on the activities and state of the organization.
• Message of the Crop Circle Makers - Michael Green: Likely an interpretation or discussion related to the perceived intelligence behind crop circles.
• The Milk Hill Inscription - Michael Green: Focuses on a specific crop circle formation.
• The Passage of Time - Lucy Pringle: An article by a known contributor.
• An Intelligence at Work - George Bishop: Explores the nature of the intelligence behind crop circles.
• Circling on - Margaret Novakovic: Likely a personal reflection or observation.
• An Appreciation of the Crop Circle Phenomenon - John Haddington: A broader look at the phenomenon.
• Common Cause Common Sense - Carol Cochrane: An article likely discussing practical aspects or common interpretations.
• 2004: Thoughts and Experiences - William Betts: Personal accounts from the previous year.
• Towards a Reliable "Genuine Crop Circle" Base - Jonah Ohayv: Discusses criteria for identifying authentic formations.
• BLT - their Origin, Achievements and a Critique - N Talbott, (A King): An article examining a specific aspect or group related to crop circles.
• Crop Circles Explained? - Bradley Bartholomew: An attempt to provide explanations for crop circles.
• The Tao of Crop Circles - Bradley Bartholomew: A philosophical or spiritual perspective on crop circles.
• The Tunguska Crop Circle - Bradley Bartholomew: Connects crop circles to the Tunguska event.
• Analysis of the Locust Grove Crop Circle Formation - Dee Gragg: Detailed analysis of a specific formation.
• Analysis of the Miamisburg Crop Circle Formation - Dee Gragg: Detailed analysis of another specific formation.
• Sibson: Part 2. The Metaphysical Parameters of the Phenomenon: An Interpretation - Michael Green: Continues a discussion on the metaphysical aspects of crop circles.
• The Geophysics Associated with the Sibson Crop Circle Phenomenon: A Causative Model – Michael Green & Jim Lyons: Explores the geophysical underpinnings of a specific formation.
• End Piece – Ray Cox: A concluding article by the Chairman.
• Book reviews; Cornelia: Reviews of relevant books.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The recurring themes in this issue revolve around the nature of crop circles, the ongoing debate between scientific and metaphysical interpretations, and the challenges posed by hoaxing. The editorial stance, as expressed by Michael Green, advocates for an integrated approach that acknowledges both objective facts and subjective experience. There is a clear concern for the preservation of genuine research and the distinction between authentic phenomena and human-made imitations. The impending closure of the CCCS underscores a sense of transition and a call for future investigators to build upon the organization's legacy. The issue emphasizes the potential for crop circles to offer profound insights into reality and consciousness, possibly indicating a non-human intelligence at work.

Title: CCCS CHAIRMAN'S REPORT
Issue Date: April 2005
Document Type: Magazine Issue

Chairman's Report (Ray Cox)

Ray Cox's report reflects a year that was steady but dormant for the CCCS (Centre for Crop Circle Studies). The positive aspect was a conference in London, organized by Margaret Novakovic and Michael Green, which was well-received. On the negative side, there was an ongoing lack of scientific research within CCCS, which had always been its main remit. Cox attributes this to several factors: the difficulty of conducting scientific study on crop circles after some time has passed, leading the organization to explore a more metaphysical framework, including dowsing, with acknowledgment of Michael Newark's expertise. Another reason is that scientific work on crop circles is increasingly being done outside CCCS, which no longer has the number of respected scientific individuals it once did, apart from figures like Andrew King and Lucy Pringle. The persistent activity of hoaxers is also seen as a significant factor, although CCCS continues to believe a genuine enigma exists, perhaps of smaller manifestation than previously thought. A further inhibiting factor for scientific study is the prominent and successful use of the subject by 'New Age' groups and individuals, who, through commercialism and other means, tend to 'steal the show'. Cox pays tribute to Lucy Pringle for her invaluable scientific work, which he notes has been aided by her commercial ventures and timely reports for the magazine. He acknowledges that this atmosphere of mystery is desired by many but hinders scientific study.

Cox also mentions the magazine 'The Circular' as the main source of communication for members and others, noting that the year saw issues of considerable quality under the editorship of John Sayer. He thanks Brian Corbett for keeping the website up to date and expresses gratitude to the members who ensured that membership totals remained stable.

Message of the Crop Circle Makers (Michael Green)

Michael Green delves into the origins and potential intentions of the non-human entities behind crop circle formations. He recounts his first encounter with a crop formation on June 24th, 1990, with his wife Christine, near Oxford. Initially, they attended a conference that proposed a natural weather effect theory, which was quickly dismissed when they witnessed complex formations. On their drive home, they encountered a large formation and, driven by curiosity, entered it. Christine reported communicating with the 'Agency' behind the phenomenon while Green documented the physical structure.

Green emphasizes that crop circles are real, physical phenomena that can be experienced and recorded, distinguishing them from other paranormal occurrences. He notes that this physicality makes political and religious establishments uneasy. Despite thousands of formations worldwide, media reporting is minimal, and investigators face ridicule. He traces the history of crop circle reports back to the 17th century in England, with spasmodic reports over the next two centuries, and increased attention in the 1960s and 70s, initially attributed to flying saucers. The 1980s saw more complex formations, and the phenomenon became international, with reports from Europe, Russia, Japan, Canada, and the USA.

In 1990, Green co-founded the International Centre for Crop Circle Studies with Ralph Noyes to study the phenomenon scientifically. Research by Jim Lyons suggested the force behind the formations is related to vacuum state energy, which is beginning to be recognized in advanced physics as having consciousness. However, the evidence pointed towards intelligence, suggesting communication with beings from other levels of reality. Green and Noyes realized in 1990-1991 that the 'Crop Circle Makers' had their attention and were providing a 'crash course' in basic principles of 'Timeless Wisdom,' covering the origins of the cosmos, the structure of God, the agencies of Deity, the nature of Mankind, and their relationship. These concepts were presented in mandalic form, referencing shamanistic, Hermetic, scientific, and mathematical ideas, with a focus on older, universal systems rather than specific modern religious beliefs.

In 1991, the Milk Hill inscription was produced, using an ancient semi-syllabic system. The inscription, read from right to left, translated to "THE CREATOR, WISE AND LOVING." Green believes this communication is not a hoax but a significant message about the crisis facing humanity and the planet, urging individuals to connect with their Higher Consciousness and treat others with kindness. He suggests the Crop Circle Makers wish to pursue activities for the planet's well-being and that this message represents the nature of the New Spirituality for the 21st century.

The Milk Hill Inscription (Michael Green)

Michael Green discusses the Milk Hill formation, which he argues is a genuine, geophysical formation of non-human origin, not a hoax. He explains that the hoaxer fraternity attempted to discredit it by suggesting it was half of a rude remark about Terence Meaden, but this theory was debunked by detailed surveys of the formation, particularly by Kevin Constant and a friend. Green highlights constructional details, such as the serifs of the letters flowing into the crop, which were beyond the technical capacity of hoaxers.

The inscription consists of square-letter glyphs read from right to left, resembling a painted inscription. It contains two words separated by spacers, with a 'determinative' symbol (a ring shape, representing the sun, cosmos, and God) at each end. Green interprets the inscription as "The Creator, Wise and Loving." He notes that the letter forms belong to the Levantine-Iberian syllabary, associated with the ancient Neolithic 'Cardial Ware' culture and potentially linked to underwater cities and Plato's Atlantis. This script lingered in North African and Iberian traditions, influencing medieval magic and alchemy, and is recognized in Theosophy as SENZAR, the secret language of the spiritually initiated.

Green explains that the first name, PH.E.H.TH.I., is paralleled with the ancient Egyptian deity Ptah, the primeval Creator. The second name, E.A.E.CH.-CH.E., is paralleled with Ea-Enki, the Mesopotamian God of Wisdom. He concludes that the Milk Hill inscription is one of the most important communications from 'numinous levels of Ultimate Reality' received by the crop circle community.

The Passage of Time (Lucy Pringle)

Lucy Pringle details her ongoing investigations into the effects of geomagnetic and electromagnetic fields on living systems, based on reports from people who have visited crop circles or attended lectures. She explains that certain shapes can trigger 'Sign Stimulus' responses in the brain, similar to music, evoking emotions and behavioral patterns, sometimes without conscious awareness. Pringle shares anecdotes of people reporting healings during her talks, attributing them to frequencies from projected images interacting with personal energies.

She has restored her database of over 600 reports, categorized into health effects such as ORAL, CRANIAL, OCULAR, AUDITORY, GUT, SYSTEMIC, and MENTAL. Pringle cautions individuals with health devices like pacemakers or those who are pregnant against visiting crop circles due to potential electrical failures and unknown effects.

Fort Nelson Formation

Pringle describes the Fort Nelson formation in Hampshire, which appeared on June 10th, 2004. She recounts an experience where access to the formation was initially denied by the farm owners, who believed all circles were man-made. However, after Pringle mentioned that seeds from inside crop circles contained 50% more protein, the owner's son, Timothy, allowed access. Pringle, along with others, conducted research, burying bottles and taking seed samples.

Tests on Water in Samples

Tests were conducted on water samples from the Fort Nelson formation. A SA2 chemical test revealed that samples from the center (418) and perimeter (420) of the formation showed a noticeable increase in nitrogen as nitrate compared to a control sample (415). This trend is expected in genuine formations and suggests the presence of a strong electrical force or field, possibly related to plasma. The electrical conductivity also showed variation, with the most 'energised' sample (418) revealing a significant change, potentially influencing the ionic bond of dissolved salts.

Ogbourne St George, 2003

Results from water tests at the Ogbourne St George formation in 2003 are presented. While the pH variation was not dramatic, the most energized sample (407) had the greatest pH. Electrical conductivity (EC) increased significantly in the most energized sample, a finding that intrigued Pringle. The bicarbonate content also increased dramatically with the level of energy. Pringle concludes that most changes appear to have occurred with the greatest level of energy absorption, suggesting potential changes in the molecular structure of water.

Marlborough Ridgeway Formations, 2004

Two major formations appeared near the Ridgeway in June 2004. The first, the 'Mandolin' formation, had a harmonious quality and complex geometry. Researchers Anne Moro and William Betts found evidence of blown nodes and dead flies stuck to the stalks in both the 'Mandolin' and the nearby 'Insect' formation. Pringle discusses the 'dead fly syndrome,' suggesting that finely matted cobwebs, rather than fungi, might be responsible, as there is no shortage of spider-like mites that produce fine silk webbing.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The recurring themes in this issue revolve around the ongoing mystery and investigation of crop circles. There is a clear tension between the desire for scientific understanding and the acknowledgment of the phenomenon's paraphysical and potentially communicative nature. The CCCS, while acknowledging its historical remit for scientific research, appears to be grappling with the limitations of traditional scientific methods in this field, leading to an exploration of metaphysical and symbolic interpretations. The issue highlights the importance of communication, both with the entities creating the circles and within the community of researchers. There's an underlying belief in a genuine enigma and a potential for a 'New Spirituality' emerging from these phenomena. The editorial stance, as represented by the chairman's report and the contributions, is one of continued investigation, open-mindedness, and a belief in the significance of crop circles as more than just man-made patterns.

This issue of The Circular, Volume 4, Number 4, dated March 1994, delves into various unexplained phenomena, primarily focusing on crop circles and their potential connections to intelligence, electromagnetic fields, and human physiology. The magazine presents a collection of reports, research findings, and anecdotal evidence.

Flies in Crop Formations

The issue begins by discussing the phenomenon of dead flies found in crop formations. Russell Stannard reported visiting the Cherhill formation in July 1998, where Janet Ossenbaard found many dead flies stuck by their tongues to seed heads. These flies, identified as Cabbage Root Flies, were held by a fine web. Stannard also found dead flies on plants near the formation. Stuart Dick reported similar findings in the Beckhampton formation, with flies and smaller creatures stuck in a fine web. A puzzling aspect was how the flies' tongues became so securely fixed to the wheat. William Betts provided a report stating that the flies he observed in the 'Bee' and 'Mandolin' formations did not recover and fly away, remaining 'glued' to the wheat ears. He noted that the flies appeared to be in good condition until the stems were cut, after which they shrivelled and lost their grip.

Windmill Hill Formation and Physiological Effects

A significant formation discussed is the one at Windmill Hill, near Avebury Trusloe, which appeared on June 17th. This ancient mound is situated on geodetic energy lines. Visitors to this formation reported experiencing severe headaches, nausea, and distorted vision, with symptoms disappearing upon leaving the area. This phenomenon is linked to 'energy lines,' described as distortions in the Earth's mineral structure that can produce powerful local electrical fields. Professor Michael Persinger's research suggests a connection between these fields, unusual brain activity, and paranormal events. The issue also considers a 'Migraine Variant' as a possible explanation for visual distortions. A visitor from France reported acute nausea, headaches, and exhaustion after visiting a formation.

Anomalous Effects and Scientific Testing

Further reports detail anomalous effects, such as a Canon XL1Mi 8mm camera failing within a crop formation, with its electronics blown. Several women reported experiencing tummy pains similar to period pains after visiting formations. A report from August describes a group visiting the West Kennett 'star' formation, where a woman's painful foot condition vanished. Another visitor found a 'Maze' formation at Savernake tranquil, experiencing drowsiness and a vivid dream. The issue highlights that these experiences suggest psychological benefits from crop circles.

To investigate these effects, scientific tests were conducted on brain activity (EEG) and endocrine system activity (using the Best System) by researchers including Isobel Maxwell-Cade, Peter Staples, and Annie Smithells. The study involved measuring subjects both inside and outside crop formations. The findings, summarised in a table, indicated that while most subjects showed no significant changes, Annie McCaffry's results were remarkable, showing a dramatic depletion in thyroid hormone levels. The report concludes that while there might not be significant changes to hormone readings, the overall effect on subjects was elevating, more balanced, and 'creative'.

Best System vs. Lie Detector Tests

The issue clarifies the difference between the Best System, used for measuring hormone levels and energy via acupuncture points, and lie detector tests, which measure emotional/psychological reactions through skin resistance. The Best System, developed by Dr. Reinhold Voll, uses electronic signatures of substances to measure energy levels.

Mayan Calendar Formation and Folklore

Another formation discussed is the 'Mayan Calendar' formation, which appeared opposite Silbury Hill. This formation is believed to contain encoded information related to the three Mayan calendars. The article notes that William Betts found no evidence of plank crushing in this formation. The issue also touches upon folklore, referencing 'fairy circles' and the belief in nature spirits (animism), suggesting that ancient beliefs might offer a different perspective on intelligence and the world.

Intelligence at Work

George Bishop's article, 'An Intelligence at Work,' explores the concept of 'Anima Mundi' or 'Gaia' and questions the distinction between life and intelligence. It suggests that ancient humans imbued inanimate objects with a life force, and that a belief in spirits inhabiting natural elements might offer a way to understand the world. The article posits that crop circles might be a manifestation of this 'intelligence at work,' and encourages an open-minded approach to understanding these phenomena.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The recurring themes in this issue are the unexplained nature of crop circles, the potential for electromagnetic or energetic influences, the physiological and psychological effects on humans, and the exploration of these phenomena through scientific testing and historical/folkloric perspectives. The editorial stance appears to be one of open inquiry, presenting various reports and scientific data while acknowledging the mysterious and complex nature of crop circles and their associated phenomena.

This issue of the magazine, featuring a cover story on 'The Mowing-Devil' from 1678, delves into the complex and often intertwined world of folklore, mythology, and modern unexplained phenomena, particularly crop circles and UFOs. It explores historical accounts, scientific investigations, and speculative theories, presenting a multifaceted view of these mysteries.

The Mowing-Devil and Folklore Parallels

The issue opens with a historical account of 'The Mowing-Devil' from Hartford-shire in August 1678. This legend describes a farmer who, after a dispute over payment, has his oats mown by the Devil overnight, resulting in a perfectly executed field. This historical narrative is used as a springboard to discuss the nature of fairies, goblins, and sprites, questioning their existence and their potential modern equivalents in the form of 'greys' from Ufology. The article draws parallels between these folkloric entities and the 'greys', suggesting that a 19th-century Welsh folklore drawing of an entity bears a resemblance to modern depictions of greys.

Crop Circles: Energy Fields and Dowsing

The focus then shifts to modern crop circles. The phenomenon is explored through the lens of Kirlian photography, which captures the energy fields surrounding living and non-living matter. The article explains how an ear of wheat has an energy field, and how a field of crops can be seen as analogous to a bed of nails due to the proximity of these fields. It suggests that approaching a crop circle reveals a sudden break in the energy field, which can be detected by dowsing rods. The energy within crop circles is described as flowing in a clockwise manner, becoming confused at the center, and then flowing to the right. The potential for these energies to be misconstrued as 'earth energies' by dowsers is noted, with possible interference from ley lines or buried iron.

Lucy Pringle's research, involving burying water samples within crop circle boundaries, is mentioned. Her findings suggest that water retains a memory of the latent energy, leading to speculation about whether this is the same energy our ancestors collected in their hearthstones.

Historical and Mythological Context of Crop Circles

The magazine traces the history of crop circles, noting that prior to the Victorian era, grass circles were more common, with a boom in cereal crop circles occurring in the late 20th century. The article speculates that field spirits might have learned to create circles to attract human attention and worship. It also touches upon the environmental conditions within crop circles, noting warmer soil, increased sunlight, and the development of unique microclimates that attract wildlife.

The discussion broadens to include the concept of plant sentience, citing studies that suggest plants respond to stimuli, feel pain, and experience pleasure. Prince Charles's belief in talking to plants is mentioned as an example. The article posits that our ancestors likely recognized this life force in plants and venerated them, a reality that modern society has been trained to ignore.

The 'Mowing-Devil' and Ancient Beliefs

The historical 'Mowing-Devil' illustration is revisited, with the text suggesting that the story might be related to the idea of spirits and entities that inhabit the land. The article questions whether these entities are responsible for crop circles, drawing a parallel to how ancient peoples might have interacted with spirits. The concept of a pantheon of faery folk, some of whom can move freely and interact with humans, is introduced. Crop circles are hypothesized to be places where these entities can interact with humans, and the possibility that some entities might be pure energy capable of creating these formations is raised.

Interaction with Entities and Hoax Circles

Advice is given on how to interact with potential entities associated with crop circles: visit special places quietly, deferentially, and preferably alone or in small groups. It's cautioned that not all spirits have benign intentions and may have their own agendas. The issue of hoax circles is addressed, with the suggestion that even deliberately constructed circles might attract entities or energy, and that the intention of the hoaxer might be to attract the paranormal. The article posits that a well-constructed hoax circle could still serve as a place for interaction if the visitor approaches with deference and humility.

The CCCS and Debates on Methodology

Several articles focus on the Centre for Crop Circle Studies (CCCS). Carol Cochrane, a former Chairman, campaigns for the recognition of metaphysical fields of enquiry alongside scientific ones, advocating for a partnership between the two. She criticizes a 'correspondent' of Ray Cox (the current Chairman) for presenting personal beliefs as fact, particularly regarding the low percentage of genuine circles and their geophysical origins. Cochrane argues that dismissing enthusiasts as 'mythologists' is derogatory and divisive. She stresses the importance of clarity in disseminating information and maintaining a balanced stance as a spokesperson for the organization.

Ray Cox's perspective, as relayed through Cochrane, suggests that a significant majority of crop circles are man-made, with only a small percentage being genuinely geophysical. He also alludes to 'myths' surrounding the belief in higher intelligence creating crop circles. Cochrane refutes this, stating that a personal belief is not a myth and that everyone has the right to their beliefs, as long as they do not harm others.

Margaret Novakovic recounts her personal journey into the crop circle phenomenon, starting in 1994. She describes her initial intrigue, her meetings with researchers like Michael Green and Ralph Noyes, and her involvement with CCCS. She highlights the beauty and mystery of formations like the Hackpen Hill circle and the 'alien face and disc', while also acknowledging the proliferation of hoaxing stories. Novakovic emphasizes that the 'journey' of crop circle research is the arrival itself, and that despite the prevalence of hoaxing, a sense of mystery and something more persists.

William Betts shares his thoughts and experiences from the 2004 crop circle season. He uses the metaphor of crop circles as 'flowers' on a perennial bush, with underground aquifers as branches, and humans as bees pollinating them by picking up and spreading information. He reflects on the alchemical process involved in the production of honey and wonders about a similar process between humans and crop circles. Betts recounts his experiences photographing the 'Flower' circle at Honey Street and the 'Bee' formation at Knap Hill, noting the artistry in the latter's design, which resembled the down on a bee's body.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The recurring themes in this issue revolve around the intersection of ancient beliefs and modern mysteries. There is a strong emphasis on the idea that phenomena like crop circles may have a spiritual or energetic dimension that transcends purely scientific explanation. The magazine appears to advocate for an open-minded, holistic approach to research, valuing both scientific inquiry and metaphysical or intuitive perspectives. The debate within the CCCS highlights the tension between empirical evidence and personal experience or belief, with a leaning towards acknowledging the profound and potentially significant nature of the crop circle phenomenon, regardless of its ultimate origin. The editorial stance seems to be one of encouraging exploration, open-mindedness, and a recognition of the 'immense proportion' and 'global significance' of these events, urging researchers and enthusiasts to embrace all aspects of the phenomenon.

This issue of "Crop Circles" from June 2005, published by Pitkin Guides, focuses on the scientific investigation and phenomena surrounding crop circles. It features articles exploring recent scientific findings, the potential role of DNA in hypercommunication, and detailed critiques of research methodologies. The magazine includes a book review and discussions on the challenges of distinguishing genuine crop circles from hoaxes.

Articles and Content

"Toward a reliable 'genuine crop circle' base" by Jonah Ohayv

This article discusses the challenges in determining the genuineness of crop circles, arguing that a priori presumptions can bias investigation. Ohayv suggests focusing on empirical evidence and avoiding quick conclusions driven by emotional responses. He posits that the phenomenon may represent a co-creative connection to an other-dimensional intelligence, emphasizing humanity's 'soul' rather than technological achievement. The article critiques the tendency to get distracted by the 'genuine/hoax' question, suggesting that the core of the phenomenon lies in its implications for humanity and our understanding of consciousness.

Initial thoughts on criteria for estimating sources of origin include acknowledging that both hoaxed and genuine formations can trigger strong emotions, which are not reliable evidence. Spontaneous precognition is also not definitive proof of genuineness. However, independently verifiable visualization of a formation's design prior to its appearance is considered strong evidence. Examples like Busty Taylor's prediction and a meditation group's visualization are cited.

"Crop Circles by Lucy Pringle" - Book Review by George Bishop

George Bishop reviews Lucy Pringle's book on crop circles, describing it as an excellent beginner's guide, particularly from Pringle's research perspective. While it offers little new material for experienced researchers, it is well-written, features colorful photographs, and covers the phenomenon's history and future implications. Bishop notes the book's affordable price and excellent illustrations, suggesting it's an ideal gift for newcomers. He expresses hope for a future book aimed at more seasoned researchers.

"BLT – their origin, achievements and critique" by Nancy Talbott (A King)

This article details the history and work of the Burke, Levengood, and Talbott (BLT) team, an ongoing scientific effort to investigate crop circles. Nancy Talbott describes the team's formation in the early 1990s, involving Dr. Levengood's plant analysis, John Burke's research, and her own organizational skills. The team sampled approximately 350 formations, with detailed lab work and reports on about 250. The article mentions their publication of three scientific papers and Levengood's departure from the project by 2002. Talbott highlights the financial contributions and challenges, including the cost of producing and disseminating reports. She details a significant XRD study funded by Laurence S. Rockefeller, which examined clay minerals in crop circle soils and found correlations with plant changes, suggesting exposure to energies other than direct mechanical flattening. The BLT team continues to focus on soil effects with new consultants, and is developing equipment to measure remnant energies in crop circles.

Talbott also addresses criticisms from Monty Keen regarding Levengood's early experimental processes. Keen questioned sampling criteria, controls, and the statistical significance of Levengood's findings, particularly regarding the 'Dharmic Wheel' formation. Talbott asserts that Keen's criticisms were answered years ago by WCL and John Burke, and that Keen's mistakes were pointed out privately without effect.

"CROP CIRCLES EXPLAINED?" by Bradley York Bartholomew

Bradley Bartholomew presents a fascinating account of recent scientific findings in Russia and Finland that may explain crop circles and associated phenomena. He discusses the 'Phantom-DNA Effect,' discovered by Drs. Pjotr Garjajev and Vladimir Poponin, where DNA emits electromagnetic waves even after removal. This effect, along with theories by Grazyna Fosar and Franz Bludorf, suggests that self-radiating balls of light and crop circles could be manifestations of group consciousness phenomena through hypercommunication within DNA. The article explains that the Moscow Group examines the 90% of non-coding DNA as a 'genetic code,' applying linguistic analysis to understand its structure and rules, which are found to be fundamental to all human languages. This suggests that human language may follow the pattern of the genetic code, potentially revealing a human protolanguage.

Comments and critique

This section includes a critique by the late Monty Keen of Levengood's work, questioning the methodology and statistical significance of findings related to anatomical alterations in crop formation plants. Keen argues for more critical scrutiny of Levengood's procedures, especially given the disruption to accepted rules. Nancy Talbott responds, stating that Keen's criticisms were addressed years ago by WCL and John Burke, and that Keen's mistakes were pointed out without resolution. The section concludes with a quote from Bertrand Russell emphasizing the human desire for certainty over provisional scientific knowledge, and the relevance of exploring subjective and metaphysical perspectives in phenomena that challenge conventional understanding.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The recurring themes in this issue revolve around the scientific investigation of crop circles, the search for genuine evidence, and the challenges posed by hoaxes. There is a strong emphasis on exploring the phenomenon through scientific lenses, particularly molecular biology and physics, while also acknowledging the limitations of purely empirical approaches. The magazine appears to advocate for open-minded, rigorous research that considers multiple perspectives, including the potential for non-human intelligence and consciousness-based explanations. The editorial stance seems to be one of encouraging detailed, evidence-based investigation and critical analysis of claims, while also recognizing the profound and potentially paradigm-shifting nature of the crop circle phenomenon.

This issue of The New World magazine, identified by its cover headline "The Tao of Crop Circles" and author Bradley York Bartholomew, delves into a series of interconnected and speculative theories linking genetics, consciousness, and unexplained phenomena. The content suggests a paradigm shift in understanding DNA, crop circles, and even cosmic events like the Tunguska explosion.

DNA as a Biocomputer and Communication Network

The articles propose that DNA, the genetic code, existed long before human language and possesses a complex structure analogous to language and computer programs. Researchers like Fosar and Bludorf, along with the Moscow group led by Pjotr Garjajev, suggest that DNA functions as a "solitonic/holographic computer" utilizing endogenous laser radiation. They posit that the "junk DNA" is not inert but actively communicates, holding fundamental information.

Experiments conducted by the Moscow group demonstrated that specific frequency patterns in laser light, modulated by human speech, could influence DNA. They successfully reprogrammed cells by transferring genetic information, even converting frog embryos into salamander embryos. This implies that DNA can be directly influenced and its information altered through precisely tuned electromagnetic waves, including voice-modulated laser beams.

This research extends to the idea of "Phantom-DNA Effect," where DNA appears to interact with electromagnetic fields, suggesting a coupling between biological information and the physical universe. The concept of DNA acting as an "intelligence network" enabling hypercommunication via wormholes is also introduced, potentially explaining phenomena like UFO sightings as manifestations of group consciousness.

Crop Circles and the 'Tao' of DNA

The phenomenon of crop circles is presented as a key area where these theories can be observed. Freddy Silva, in his book "Secrets in the Fields," argues that crop circles are created by an intelligent, natural energy source that interacts with human consciousness. The characteristic shapes and precision of crop circles are attributed to a sophisticated technology, possibly a laser beam, similar to that used by the Moscow group.

The article "The Tao of Crop Circles" by Bradley York Bartholomew explores the connection between crop circles, DNA, and the ancient Chinese text, the I Ching. It suggests that the yin and yang principles of the I Ching represent a binary code, analogous to the binary code used in computers and potentially encoded within DNA. The "tao" is presented as both a belief and a way, encompassing the idea that the "Circlemaker" (the intelligence behind crop circles) resides within our own DNA.

Evidence cited includes laboratory analyses showing changes in the crystalline structure and DNA of plants within crop circles, as well as the observation that the force creating them exhibits extraordinary selectivity, mirroring the precise frequency responses observed in DNA experiments.

Furthermore, the trilling sound often reported during crop circle formation is linked to the transmission of binary coded information via light, similar to Morse code. The Sanskrit language, described as the "language of light," is also mentioned for its potential to harness and create matter through geometrical vibrations, reinforcing the idea of language as a fundamental aspect of reality that interacts with DNA.

Topological Geometrical Dynamics (TGD) and UFOs

The theories of Finnish physicist Matti Pitkänen, particularly his Topological Geometrical Dynamics (TGD), are discussed as a framework for understanding wormholes in space and DNA. TGD suggests that vacuum domains can convert gravitational forces into electricity, potentially explaining self-radiating balls of light (UFOs) as a result of hypercommunication through DNA wormholes. This theory offers a new perspective on physics and consciousness.

The Tunguska Event

The issue also revisits the Tunguska event of 1908, a massive explosion in Siberia. While conventional explanations are debated, the article suggests that the event's characteristics, including the butterfly-shaped tree-fall pattern and the immense power, might be related to the phenomena discussed, possibly involving sound waves and electromagnetic forces that could influence biological matter.

Scientific and Philosophical Implications

Throughout the articles, there is a recurring theme of a unified field of knowledge that connects physics, biology, consciousness, and ancient wisdom. The concept of "intelligent source" controlling phenomena, whether external or internal, is explored. The authors suggest that understanding the "tao" of crop circles, which is essentially the DNA, could lead to a fundamental change in our perception of reality and our place in the universe.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The recurring themes in this issue include the revolutionary potential of DNA research, the mysterious nature of crop circles, the role of consciousness and information in the universe, and the search for unifying principles that bridge science and ancient philosophies. The editorial stance appears to be open to unconventional theories that challenge established scientific paradigms, particularly those that integrate quantum physics, biology, and consciousness studies. The magazine seems to advocate for a holistic view of reality where biological systems, like DNA, are intrinsically linked to cosmic phenomena and consciousness itself.

This issue of "Crop Circle News" (Vol. 5, No. 2, Fall/Winter 1996/97) features an in-depth analysis of the Locust Grove crop circle formation, exploring its relationship to musical notes and drawing parallels with the 1908 Tunguska event and other anomalous phenomena. The primary focus is on the work of Dee Gragg, P.E., who applies methods similar to those of Dr. Gerald Hawkins to analyze crop circle geometry.

Analysis of The Locust Grove Crop Circle Formation

Dee Gragg presents a study aiming to determine if the Locust Grove crop circle formation (Ohio, 2003) contained diatonic ratios related to musical notes, using methods identical to Dr. Gerald Hawkins' 1981-88 study of English crop circles. The study involves measuring circle diameters and calculating ratios to identify diatonic relationships. Gragg notes that while perfect measurements are rare, the analysis reveals potential links to musical notes, specifically identifying notes E and G above Middle C, and D and F in a higher octave. He highlights the recurring presence of the note 'F' across various crop circle studies, including Hawkins' work and his own theorems.

Gragg also discusses the challenges of crop circle analysis, noting that one can achieve an exact diameter, an exact integer, or an exact diatonic ratio, but rarely all three simultaneously. He points out that the Locust Grove analysis, when combined with Hawkins' previous work, brings together 13 of the possible 29 musical notes over four octaves.

The Tunguska Event and Electromagnetic Forces

The issue extensively discusses the 1908 Tunguska event, presenting theories that attribute the cause to electromagnetic forces rather than a cosmic impact. Reports from the time describe unusually colorful sunsets, 'light nights,' and atmospheric phenomena across Europe and Asia. Observatories noted decreased atmospheric transparency, and the Irkutsk Observatory recorded disturbances in the Earth's magnetic field. Papers presented at the Krasnoyarsk Conference suggest the event was a geomagnetic storm, similar to those caused by high-altitude thermonuclear explosions.

Witness accounts describe a fire-ball and light trail resembling a luminous disk, suggesting a 'plasmo-electric' character. The absence of a significant impact crater and meteorite debris further supports the theory of an atmospheric or electromagnetic origin. The paper also references Anomalous Luminous Phenomena (ALPs), which exhibit unusual movements and colors, and can leave physical residues, potentially explaining the metallic particles found in felled trees by scientist M. Galli.

Biological Anomalies and New Physics

Significant biological consequences of the Tunguska event are noted, including accelerated biomass growth and recorded biological mutations in the epicentre and along the fire-ball's trajectory. Abnormalities in the Rh blood factor of the local Tungus people (Evenks) and genetic variations in local ant species and pine trees have been observed. Overmagnetized soils and boulders have also been found in the region.

The issue introduces the concept of 'New Physics' and its potential explanation for ALPs, citing theories by Grazyna Fosar and Franz Bludorf. Their work suggests ALPs are caused by vacuum domains where gravitational forces can convert into electricity, potentially enabling hypercommunication through stable wormholes. This theory has radical implications for DNA, suggesting it acts as a superconductor and an intelligence network capable of hypercommunication.

Crop Circles and ALPs

Similarities between crop circles and the Tunguska event are explored, particularly the idea that both are created by a powerful, possibly intelligent, force. Crop circles are described as subtle formations, while the Tunguska event is seen as a magnified version of the same force. The characteristic bending of plant stems in crop circles, which remains unexplained, is contrasted with the twisted and flattened trees at Tunguska. The selectivity observed in crop circles, where certain plants are left standing while others are flattened, is also noted.

The Banjawarn Event and Ancient Traditions

Another event, the Banjawarn event in Western Australia in 1993, is presented as a similar phenomenon to the 1908 Tunguska event. It involved a large aerial orange-red fireball, a significant explosion, and seismic activity, described as having an energy equivalent to a tactical nuclear weapon blast. The issue also touches upon ancient religious traditions, citing instances in Druidic and Indian mythology where similar forces are described as being harnessed and directed by human consciousness, even used as weapons.

References and Notes

The issue includes a comprehensive list of references and notes, citing various conferences, scientific papers, and books related to the Tunguska event, crop circles, and anomalous phenomena. These references provide further avenues for research and support the theories presented in the articles.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The recurring themes in this issue revolve around the interconnectedness of seemingly disparate phenomena: crop circles, the Tunguska event, and advanced physics concepts like electromagnetic forces and vacuum domains. The editorial stance appears to favor unconventional scientific explanations, particularly those involving electromagnetic phenomena and a potential underlying intelligence or consciousness influencing these events. The magazine encourages reader participation in speculating on the meaning of certain findings, such as the recurring 'F' note in crop circle analysis, suggesting a deeper, possibly symbolic, significance.

This document presents an analysis of the Miamisburg, Ohio crop circle formation, dated August 24, 2003, as detailed in "Figure 1". The analysis, conducted by Dee Gragg, P.E., aims to determine if the formation's geometric ratios relate to musical notes, building upon previous work by Dr. Gerald Hawkins and the Locust Grove study. The document also includes a separate section by Michael Green titled "The Metaphysical Parameters of The Phenomenon: An Interpretation", which explores the deeper, spiritual aspects of crop circles.

Analysis of the Miamisburg Crop Circle Formation

Dee Gragg's study focuses on the Miamisburg crop circle, which appeared in September 2004 (though the cover date is August 24, 2003). The objective was to see if this formation contained diatonic ratios related to musical notes, and if these could be compared to Dr. Hawkins' work on Southern England crop circles and the Locust Grove study. Gragg employed the same methods as Hawkins, analyzing diameters and calculating diatonic ratios by raising 2 to the power of n/12, where n is an integer derived from diameter ratios.

Gragg highlights that a key challenge in crop circle analysis is that one can have an exact diameter, an exact integer, or an exact diatonic ratio, but not all three simultaneously. The measurements were taken with high accuracy (0.001 of a foot), and Mr. Ted Robertson, a researcher on site, had accurately estimated that a 11-foot circle might be closer to 10.5 feet.

The analysis of various circles within the formation (A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H) revealed several diatonic ratios and musical notes. Notably, Circle E yielded a ratio corresponding to Middle C (5/4, 330 Hz), Circle F to G (3/2, 396 Hz), and Circle H to C (2/1, 528 Hz). The study also examined ratios derived from concentric circles, such as H/E, which produced a ratio corresponding to A (5/3, 440 Hz).

A significant finding was the discovery of a non-diatonic integer in Circle G, with a ratio of 1.587. This is the first time such a ratio had been found in any of the combined work of Gragg and Hawkins. This non-diatonic ratio corresponds to a musical note of G# or Ab at a frequency of 418 Hz, representing one of the "black keys" on a piano.

Gragg discusses the statistical significance of finding 33 diatonic data points and then one non-diatonic point, suggesting that this may not be a random event and that "nonhumans" might be introducing a mix of diatonic and non-diatonic ratios.

Key conclusions from this analysis include: strengthening the link between crop circles and musical notes, establishing the Miamisburg formation as a "sister" to the Locust Grove formation, and the first-time discovery of a musical note using concentric circles in US crop circles, along with the first non-diatonic integer.

Appendix C and Table 1 & 2

Appendix C provides a detailed table of "Computed Diatonic and Nondiatoic Ratios" and "Exact Diatonic Ratios" for integers from 0 to 24, noting their corresponding musical notes and frequencies. This table explicitly highlights the non-diatonic ratio 19/12 = 1.583, corresponding to G#/Ab.

Table 1 summarizes the findings for individual circles (B through H) in the Miamisburg formation, listing their diameters, satellite diameters, integers, diatonic ratios, fractions of Middle C, musical notes, and frequencies. Table 2 specifically addresses ratios derived from concentric circles (H/E and G/F), noting the diatonic ratio for H/E (A, 440 Hz) and the non-diatonic nature of G/F.

The Metaphysical Parameters of The Phenomenon: An Interpretation

Michael Green's contribution shifts the focus to the metaphysical aspects of crop circles, particularly those found at Sibson, Cambridgeshire. He posits that a new general theory about the origins of the phenomenon requires integrating scientific evidence from various disciplines (geological, geophysical, geodetic, geo-hydraulic, archaeological) with an understanding of the "Intelligence" behind the events.

Green suggests that the Sibson formations, which began in 1990, show no evidence of hoaxing and may be related to electromagnetic fields interacting with subsoil water, possibly influenced by deep, basal, plutonic activity or extraterrestrial activity. He emphasizes the importance of understanding the nature of this "Intelligence" and finds that the "Ancient or Timeless Wisdom" (Perennial Philosophy) provides the most applicable framework for understanding deity, creation, and humanity's place in the world.

He references various ancient philosophical and spiritual traditions (Zorastrianism, Magi of the Chaldeans, Vedic beliefs, Druidic ideas, Neoplatonism, Hermetica, Theosophy, Anthroposophy) and highlights the channeled teachings of Alice Bailey and Djwhal Khul as particularly relevant to the crop circle phenomenon.

Green describes the crop circle formations as a "single-source, concentrated output" that allows for the study of a "whole communication process, which turns out to be both structured and comprehensive." He discusses the "Devic world" and "Raja-Lords" (cosmic intelligences) as agents of manifested creation, suggesting that crop circles are a form of spiritual teaching facilitated by these beings.

He details specific formations at Sibson, noting their signatures which convey origin, grade, and name, and function as logograms and phonograms. These signatures are linked to the "Planetary Logos" and the "Brothers of Energy." The document also references the work of Djwhal Khul regarding the "great Devas of the Thrones of the First Hierarchy" and their connection to creation, with specific mention of Agni (Lord of Flame), Varuna (Lord of Water/Moisture Air), and Kshetra (Lord of Earth).

References

The document includes a list of references, citing works by Dee Gragg on the Locust Grove and Miamisburg formations, Gerald Hawkins on "Diatonic Ratios in Crop Circles," and Jeffery Wilson regarding the Miamisburg and Locust Grove formations. It also references online resources and books related to crop circles and metaphysical concepts.

Appendix A

Appendix A, "Frequencies In The Fields," provides tables of musical notes, their corresponding diatonic ratios, and frequencies in Hertz (Hz), covering various octaves and scales. This appendix serves as a reference for the musical notes and frequencies discussed throughout the analysis.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The recurring themes in this document are the intricate relationship between geometric patterns in crop circles and musical harmonies, the scientific methodology applied to decipher these patterns, and the exploration of the metaphysical or intelligent source behind the phenomenon. The editorial stance, as presented by both Gragg and Green, is one of serious inquiry, seeking to bridge scientific observation with deeper, potentially spiritual, interpretations of crop circle evidence. There is a clear emphasis on rigorous analysis, comparison with established research, and an open-minded approach to unconventional explanations for the origin and meaning of crop circles.

This document, likely an issue of a magazine focused on anomalous phenomena or esoteric studies, presents an in-depth analysis of a series of crop formations observed at Sibson, Cambridgeshire, United Kingdom, between 1990 and 2001. The author, identifying as a theosophist, interprets these formations as a deliberate and significant 'teaching program' designed to convey complex metaphysical concepts, specifically the 'Laws of Thought' as outlined by Djwhal Khul and transmitted through Alice Bailey.

The Sibson Paradigm: A Metaphysical Event

The author considers the Sibson crop formations to be the 'most significant metaphysical event of this phenomenon' encountered to date. The series of formations, totaling 13 over a period that included a two-year gap, is seen as a complete cycle. The analysis moves beyond individual symbolism to identify a discrete body of information dealing with specific themes.

The 'Varuna' Signature and Geophysical Authentication

A recurring symbol, the 'Varuna' signature or logo (Formation 4, July 26, 1990), is highlighted as a key element. This glyph, reminiscent of the ancient Glagolitic letter VEDI and associated with the trident emblem of Varuna (god of water, moisture, and air), served as an 'identification logo' and provided 'geophysical authentication' for the formations. Its appearance at Sibson was preceded by similar motifs at Upton Scudamore (July 21, 1991) and Wylye (August 1992).

Cosmic Laws of Thought

The document details the interpretation of formations representing Cosmic Laws, with symbols for three of these laws appearing in 1990:

• Law of Synthesis (Formation 2): Symbolizes the unity of the cosmic sphere, the unmanifest center, and the circle of manifestation. An attempt to replicate this at Longbridge Lane, Hopwood, was unsuccessful.
• Law of Economy (Formation 3): Represents the principle that each atomic period is made perfect, allowing for inward and upward progression. This is symbolized by a Bi disk with an open inner ring.
• Law of Attraction (Formation 1): This gravitational law coordinates matter around microcosmic centers. It is subdivided into four aspects, with Formation 1 specifically addressing the 'Law of Monadic Return,' where units seek full expression and return to the center. The formation depicts the Bi disc of deity with a small circle within the outer ring.
• Law of Radiation and Periodicity (Formation 5A): A follow-through of Monadic Return, where the spiritual essence escapes after the atomic cycle is completed. This is symbolized by a formation showing the central life moving beyond the 'ring-pass-not' of manifestation.
• Law of Expansion (Formation 5B): States that all existence dwells within a sphere, symbolized by a large, simple ringed circle.

Solar Laws of Thought

Seven Solar Laws are also delineated, presented in reverse order to Djwhal Khul's sequence, possibly for practical measurement reasons:

1. Law of Vibration (Formation 12): Occurred on June 23, 2000. It is described as a 'threefold sound' representing a note of the 'major cosmic chord.' An attempt to record this vibration caused a tape recorder to malfunction severely.
2. Law of Cohesion (Formation 11): Occurred on July 28, 1999. This law relates to the dynamics of the 'three-fold love' system, involving ingathering, coherence, adhesion, and absorption.
3. Law of Disintegration (Formation 10): Occurred on August 4, 1998. It deals with the shedding of forms for rebuilding in an improved state, symbolized by a formation that was half missing.
4. Law of Magnetic Control (Formation 9): Occurred on July 28, 1998. This law describes the force of evolution driving the Ego through reincarnation. It is symbolized by a small circle traveling along an energy path.
5. Law of Fixation (Formation 8): Occurred on July 27, 1996. This law concerns the crystallization of matter and the need to shatter old forms for rebirth. It features a lightning-strike symbol and the cursive glyph S.
6. Law of Love (Formation 7): Occurred on July 26, 1995. 'Love' is presented as the mainspring of the cosmos, perfecting all things. The formation shows the BI glyph for deity.
7. Sacrifice and Death (Formation 6): Occurred on July 19, 1992. This law addresses the necessary death of all systems for evolving life to progress, symbolizing the loss of the manifested state for dematerialized existence.

The Lords of Liberation

Formation 13, appearing in late July 2001, is interpreted as representing the 'Lords of Liberation.' This concept, distinct from the Law of Karma, signifies cosmic 'grace' in action, an input of spiritual power from outside the planetary system. These Beings are described as three in number, with one being closer to Earth and humanity, offering liberation and impacting developed minds.

Interpretation and Conclusion

The author emphasizes that the Sibson formations are more than mere mandalas; they are analogues encoding important information. While the laws appear abstract, their relationship to vibration, harmonics, and sacred geometry is explored. The mathematical analysis of Formation 12 (Law of Vibration) is presented as a precedent for applying such methods to other formations. The author believes this information, previously withheld for fear of misuse, is now being provided with safeguards for humanity's advancement, potentially impacting areas like medicine and agriculture. The document concludes by acknowledging the theoretical nature of the interpretation, based on personal belief systems and experiences, but asserts that serious investigators who approach the phenomenon intellectually will find the 'Crop Circle Makers' accommodating.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The recurring themes are the interpretation of crop circles as a form of communication conveying esoteric and metaphysical knowledge, specifically related to the 'Laws of Thought' derived from theosophical teachings. The editorial stance is one of deep conviction in the intelligence and purpose behind the crop circle phenomenon, viewing it as a vital source of information for humanity's spiritual and intellectual progress. The author advocates for a serious, intellectual approach to understanding these formations, suggesting they are a deliberate effort to guide human understanding and evolution.

This issue of 'The Circular' (Issue 34) focuses on the "The Geophysics Associated With The Sibson Crop Circles Phenomenon: A Causative Model," authored by Michael Green with contributions from Jim Lyons. The article delves into the scientific investigation of crop circles in Sibson, Cambridgeshire, proposing a geophysical and geological explanation for their formation.

Crop Formations at Sibson (1990-1998)

The article meticulously lists and describes eleven crop formations observed in Sibson between 1990 and 1998. Each formation is detailed with its grid reference, date, crop type (primarily wheat), and precise measurements of its circular components (central circles, rings, tangential circles, glyphs). Notable formations include:

• Formation 1 (TL09159696, 24/25 July 1990, Wheat): Central circle (25 ft), Ring (190 ft), Inner tangential circle (40 ft) with a standing center.
• Formation 4 (TL09489678, 24/25 July 1990, Wheat): A glyph with circles (12 ft 4 in & 14 ft) and a curved path that broke through and scorched a hawthorn hedge.
• Formation 5 (TL09149695, 22/23 July 1991, Wheat): Central circle (25 ft), Ring (94 ft), Outer tangential circle (15 ft). This formation was located over a 1990 feature and yielded positive results from NIAB testing.
• Formation 6 (TL0895715, 18/19 July 1992, Wheat): Vesica Piscium South ring (250 ft) and North ring (250 ft).
• Formation 7 (TL09179670, Early August 1995, Barley): Central ring (23 ft), Outer ring (120 ft), with positive ADAS testing results.
• Formation 8 (TL09009621, 26/27 July 1996, Wheat): North ring (110 ft), South ring (81 ft), and a connecting glyph (95 ft).
• Formation 9 (TL09049733, 27/28 July 1998, Wheat): Two central rings (133 ft) and a North circle (25 ft).
• Formation 10 (TL09339680, 3/4 August 1998, Wheat): North circle (144 ft) and South circle (282 ft).

Measurements are provided to the nearest foot to the outer edge of the formations.

Authentication and Testing

The Sibson formations are situated in fields bounded by the A1 and B671 roads, with the Nene Valley railway to the north. The fields are overlooked by Manor Farm and the Sibson Airfield control tower, making covert hoaxing unlikely.

In 1990, no scientific tests were conducted. However, formation 6 showed evidence of scorching on a hawthorn hedge where a glyph path cut through it, without affecting the crop or verge.

In 1991, Montague Keen, Scientific Officer for the CCCS, conducted extensive crop sampling tests. His report noted that stems were intact but bent at the base. The National Institute of Agricultural Botany (NIAB) reported that stems were crushed mid-height, attributing this to a "flattening force."

In 1995, soil samples from feature 7 were sent to the Agricultural Development Advisory Service (ADAS) laboratory for Nitrate-N readings. Jim Lyons noted that the central value exceeded the control by over 350%, leading to a conviction that the formation was geophysically created. Dowsing patterns were also described as "classic."

In 1996, aura tests on seed from feature 8 indicated genuineness, though energy levels were not dramatically high.

Geophysical and Geological Context

The article posits that the Sibson formations are geophysical in nature. The area's geology is characterized by Lower Palaeozoic shales associated with Caledonian deformation, and granodiorites forming a belt with densities around 2700 kg/m³. An aeromagnetic anomaly survey reveals a complex pattern of local magnetic "highs" and "lows."

The ground gently falls from southwest to northeast, creating an aquifer effect. Rainwater percolates through the Cornbrash (a shelly limestone) to the Blisworth Clay, which acts as an aquiclude. A spring line at this interface is marked by wells. The subsoil water passes through ferruginous loam to the Blisworth Limestone, where it is absorbed into deeper sequences, forming the groundwater of the Nene Valley.

Overlying the Blisworth Clay to the south is Cornbrash, a hard, detrital limestone. Underlying the Blisworth Clay is the Blisworth Limestone, which weathers to a calcareous, permeable loam.

Evidence of periglacial features, resulting from the last Ice Age, is present, including cracks and splits infilled with wind-blown debris. These features, visible in aerial photos, form linear, rectilinear, and polygonal crop marks. The article suggests that crop formations tend to avoid areas that would disrupt even aquifer flow, possibly related to these buried channels.

The soil type is classified as a class CI Pseudogley, with a silty, pervious subsoil (B) below the mull humus horizon (A). This B horizon, enriched with iron and humus, is where the "pattern matrix" is likely formed in water, generating "electromagnetic fields" that produce the formations.

Geodetic and Energy Models

The article introduces the concept of "geodetics" as a key process by which diffuse energy fields are directed, concentrated, and manipulated to create crop formations. While geodetics is not widely accepted scientifically, the authors draw on practical experience and established terms. A geodetic plan (Fig. 5) is presented, based on map dowsing and field work.

The focal point of the process is identified as an energy centre slightly north of a formation (TL091109738), locatable as a crop mark in the center of a possible Roman temple temenos. This energy centre is described as one of many global "acupuncture points" that act as connectors between subtle energy levels and attractors for electromagnetic fields. Green perceives an "intelligence" controlling the crop formation process.

The energy centre is seen as a cross-over point for two major energy lines, analogous to arteries in a structured electromagnetic field or "telluric network." The operational grid at Sibson is estimated to be between 150 and 200 ft square or oblong. Most formations are directly associated with these centres or lines. When a crop circle is created, a strong "magneto-gravity field" floods through the telluric grid, infusing the space and creating the formation.

Geomorphic Lights and Parapsychological Experiences

Balls of light and light plumes have been observed on and off the site, sometimes related to the onset of the phenomenon. Specific instances include:

• 15/16 July 92 (Plume A): A "smoky misty" cloud spiraling in field 8, shaped like a bullet head, disappearing in seconds.
• Late July 1992: A ball of light photographed in formation 6.
• 26 July 93 (Plume B): Observed during crop watch.
• (TL09150700): A flash in the sky followed by a narrow column of misty light, described as a "feminine energy, beneficent, but purposeful," with an inner radiance. Saltmarshe's presence seemed to interrupt the creation.

These parapsychological experiences are considered extraordinary. The plumes of light, while potentially natural, their regular appearance at Saltmarshe's home miles away suggests something more. Green has an "overwhelming impression" that an entity has appropriated this natural phenomenon to communicate.

The Formulaic Process

A diagram (Fig. 8) illustrates a "Formulaic Process" with levels: Level 4, Level 3, Level 2, and Level 1, leading to "Crop Formation" and "Creation." This process is linked to "Devic Intelligence," "Transmutation," "Rationalisation," and "Inspiration," originating from a "Plutonic energy surge."

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The recurring themes in this issue are the geophysical and geological underpinnings of crop circle formation, the proposal of a causative model involving subtle energy fields and potentially an intelligence, and the integration of scientific testing with observational data, including parapsychological phenomena. The editorial stance appears to be one of open inquiry into unconventional explanations for the crop circle phenomenon, grounded in detailed observation and analysis of the Sibson site.

Title: The Circular
Issue: 34
Year: 1998 (implied by content, specific date not on cover)
Publisher: The Centre for Crop Circle Studies (CCCS)

This issue of The Circular delves into the complex relationship between crop circles, archaeology, and geophysics, proposing a model for their formation driven by a "local, non-human Intelligence." The magazine explores the Sibson phenomenon in detail, linking it to ancient archaeological finds and subtle energy fields.

Archaeology and Symbolism at Sibson

The issue begins by examining archaeological findings in the Nene Valley, specifically mentioning the discovery of three mutilated statues (Hercules, Apollo, and Minerva) in 1844 near Wansford station. The Minerva statue from Sibson, dating to the second century, is described in detail, with its attributes interpreted as representing a tutelary nymph or 'Genius Loci' rather than the Olympian Minerva. The statue's depiction of a snake and a water pot is linked to the concept of a sacred well and a guardian spirit of the place, suggesting a deity presiding over a nymphaeum.

The Intelligence Factor and Geophysical Models

A significant portion of the magazine is dedicated to the "Intelligence Factor" in crop formations. It posits that an intelligence, perceived as belonging to the natural world of the planet, is responsible for organizing and transforming subtle energy levels into physical electromagnetic fields capable of flattening crops. This creative process is described as having a fourfold structure, illustrated by a Mycenaean symbol of a writhing serpent. This serpent motif is paralleled with the snake imagery on the Sibson Minerva statue, reinforcing the connection between the ancient site and the crop circle phenomenon.

The geophysical model presented outlines a sequential process: an initial energy surge, directed electromagnetic fields to a telluric energy network, interaction with water in the subsoil to form a 'design matrix,' and the final construction of the pattern through principles of vortex bifurcation and torus knots. This process is believed to be controlled by subtle energies and capable of physical expression.

Earth Energies and Their Effects

Annexe I, by Jim Lyons, explores the geophysical effects of Earth energies. It highlights the coupling of Earth's magnetic and gravitational fields, particularly in environments with free electrons, leading to magneto-gravity waves. These waves, when interacting with living matter, are thought to operate through electrochemistry, with the pineal gland being a key detection mechanism due to its shape. The article suggests that these energies can disrupt biological processes, affecting hormones and even the basic nitrate balance in crops.

Notes on the 1998 Sibson Formations

Annexe 2, also by Jim Lyons, provides specific notes on the 1998 Sibson crop formations. It points to a consistent alignment of formations over the years, indicating stable pattern-forming conditions. The relative simplicity of the formations is noted, along with the asymmetric nature of Sibson I, correlated with underlying energy line positioning. The article mentions the 'marquee roof-shape' of energy distribution within side circles and the significant reduction in retained energy in seed heads at half the circle's radius. Tests on crop samples showed variations in nitrogen/nitrate levels. The geometry of the formations consistently revealed a 19.5 degree angle, linked to tetrahedral geometry. The underground water flows were observed to 'frame' the patterns, with a notable absence of multiple blind springs, attributed to the lack of a chalk bed in the area.

End Piece: Reflections on CCCS and the Phenomenon

Ray Cox's "End Piece" reflects on his involvement with the Centre for Crop Circle Studies (CCCS) since 1990. He discusses the evolution of the phenomenon, the challenges faced by CCCS, including the proliferation of hoaxes and the increasing awareness of human origin and interaction with the phenomenon. Cox notes the shift towards more mystical and commercial aspects of the subject, contrasting with the initial aims of scientific study. He suggests that a psycho-social study of the phenomenon and its participants, possibly involving the Society for Psychical Research, would have been beneficial. Despite the challenges, Cox concludes that CCCS was a worthwhile endeavor, contributing to the understanding of a new modern phenomenon.

Book Reviews

Crop Circles - Evidence of a Cover-up by Nicolas Montigiani

Reviewed by George Bishop, this book is described as a quirky but potentially satisfying read, though considered poorly researched by the reviewer. Montigiani's theory attributes crop circles to secret British research into laser weapons, a concept previously mooted. The review points out several inaccuracies, including the claim that crop circles began in America in 1990 and a misunderstanding of their occurrence in France.

Crooked Soley: A Crop Circle Revelation by Allan Brown and John Michell

Reviewed by Christine Rhone, this book focuses on a 2002 crop circle at Crooked Soley, Berkshire. The authors analyze its numerical significance, linking it to pi and the 'Great Goddess.' The review highlights the dualistic placenames in the area and the circle's structure, which is interpreted as a DNA strand of the human female. The book includes an essay by Patrick Harpur, 'Mercurius in the Cornfields.'

Merchandise and Contacts

The issue concludes with advertisements for merchandise from Lucy Pringle, including photographs, laser colour photocopies, postcards, calendars, jigsaw puzzles, mugs, pendants, pens, and books related to crop circles. A comprehensive list of CCCS contacts across various regions of the UK, Canada, and the USA is provided, along with information on ordering back issues of The Circular.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The recurring themes in this issue are the geophysical and archaeological aspects of crop circles, the concept of an 'intelligence' behind their creation, and the symbolic interpretations of the formations. The editorial stance appears to be one of serious inquiry into the phenomenon, attempting to bridge scientific investigation with the more esoteric and symbolic dimensions, while acknowledging the challenges posed by hoaxes and the evolving nature of the subject. There is a clear effort to present a cohesive model that integrates scientific findings with ancient symbolism and perceived subtle energies.