1982 - Encounter at Livingston BUFORA Research Paper No.1, Lockwood and Bayer

Magazine Overview

This document is BUFORA Case History No. 1, titled "CLOSE ENCOUNTER AT LIVINGSTON," published in July 1982 by The British UFO Research Association (BUFORA Ltd.). It details an investigation into a UFO sighting and encounter that occurred in Livingston, Scotland.

Introduction

The report categorizes the event as a 'Close Encounter of the Second Kind' (CE2), meaning a UFO was seen close to the witness and interacted with the environment, leaving evidence and affecting the witness. The case is highlighted as important due to the clear daylight sighting, the corroboration of ground marks by local police and the investigator, the damage to the witness's clothing, and the witness's loss of consciousness, possibly due to the UFO's influence. The document asserts that this case is both strange and reliable, with police evidence confirming anomalous ground marks. The witness's integrity is noted as unquestioned, his account has remained consistent, and no ordinary explanation for the clothing damage has been found. The report acknowledges a medical condition that could explain the physiological effects, but the stimulus is uncertain. No paranormal aspects were found, even under hypnosis. The investigator suggests a natural phenomenon explanation while acknowledging that the extraterrestrial hypothesis cannot be definitively disproven. The extensive press coverage is also noted as a phenomenon in itself.

The report mentions that the case has received wide publicity, featuring on British television programs and in publications like 'The Observer Magazine' and 'Arthur C. Clarke's Mysterious World'. The initial report of the case in the UFO press was Steuart Campbell's article 'Close Encounter in Scotland' in 'Journal of Transient Aerial Phenomena'. The investigation is stated to be ongoing until a full and adequate explanation is found.

The Course of the Investigation

The investigation began on Friday, November 9, 1979, when the author, Steuart Campbell, was contacted by a reporter from The Glasgow Herald about a forestry worker who had been 'attacked by small furry creatures, which had emerged from a transparent space-craft which had left tracks in the ground' at Livingston. Campbell, though initially sceptical, resolved to investigate on behalf of BUFORA. The following morning, newspapers provided more details, confirming the incident but describing the 'creatures' as 'furry'.

Campbell contacted the Lothian and Borders Police, who were investigating the case. He visited Bathgate Police Station, where he was shown the police report but was not allowed a copy. He was then taken to the site by two police officers, including Detective Constable Ian Wark. The site had already been accessed by many people, but anomalous marks were still visible and photographed by Campbell. The police also took photographs and measurements, which they assured him would be made available. Due to the witness's absence, Campbell could not conduct an interview that day.

Subsequent days involved further press reports and inquiries. On Monday, November 12, James Dougan, a BUFORA member, attempted to arrange an interview with the witness, who was overwhelmed by press attention. Campbell decided to wait for a private interview. Meanwhile, Peter Hill and Campbell visited the site again on November 18, taking more photographs and measurements. A visit to Livingston Police Station was fruitless.

Campbell finally interviewed the witness at his home on Tuesday, November 27. He learned that the witness's clothing had been taken to Edinburgh for forensic examination. Campbell visited police headquarters and saw the clothing – the witness's trousers and long underpants – with forensic scientist Lester Knibb. Inspector J. Veitch of the CID Identification Branch would not provide a copy of the forensic report but allowed Campbell to see it. The police retained the clothing as evidence in a potential assault case.

A second interview with the witness took place on December 6, 1979. Campbell accompanied the witness to the encounter site, timing the journey. By this time, the clothing had been returned to the witness, though his wife had discarded the underpants. The witness agreed to let BUFORA have the trousers for analysis, which were eventually collected by James Dougan in February 1980. Campbell also sought photographs of the site markings from Alistair Sutherland.

Contents and Appendices

The table of contents reveals a detailed structure for the case history, including sections on the summary, introduction, the course of the investigation, the site, the witness, the encounter itself, the journey home, news spread, ground markings, damage to clothing, identification of a smell, examination of soil, meteorological data, and analysis of data and inferences. It poses specific questions such as how long the witness was unconscious, the cause of torn clothes, and whether the object was man-made, alien, or a natural phenomenon. The report also includes a section on contemporary UFO reports and a discussion of press reports, followed by notes and references. Extensive appendices are listed, including police forensic science lab reports, statements from police officers and witnesses, a CID report, and press reports.

BUFORA's Aims and Membership

The British Unidentified Flying Object Research Association (BUFORA) is dedicated to the scientific investigation of UFO phenomena with an objective approach. Its aims are to encourage and conduct unbiased research, collect and disseminate evidence, and co-ordinate UFO research globally. BUFORA does not advocate any specific theory and recognizes multiple hypotheses. Membership is open to individuals with a genuine interest in UFOs. Contact information for the Hon. Secretary and Membership Secretary is provided, along with current subscription and enrolment fees.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The recurring theme is the detailed, evidence-based investigation of a specific UFO incident. The editorial stance, as expressed by the author Steuart Campbell, is one of scientific inquiry, seeking conventional explanations while acknowledging the limitations of current knowledge and the possibility of unknown phenomena. The report emphasizes the importance of corroborating evidence, such as police findings and photographic documentation, and maintains a neutral position on the ultimate nature of the phenomenon, suggesting a natural explanation while not dismissing other hypotheses outright. The document highlights the challenges in explaining anomalous events and their impact on scientific understanding.

Title: The UFO Investigator
Issue: 12
Volume: 3
Date: November 1981
Publisher: The UFO Investigator
Country: UK
Price: £1.00
ISSN: 0262-7194

This issue of The UFO Investigator focuses on 'The Livingston Encounter,' detailing a significant UFO sighting and subsequent investigation that occurred in Scotland.

The Witness: Robert David Taylor

The primary witness is Robert David Taylor, a 61-year-old foreman forester employed by Livingston Development Corporation. He is described as honest, responsible, and of a phlegmatic disposition, not prone to inventing tales. The incident occurred on Friday, November 9th, 1979, at approximately 10:15 GMT, while he was inspecting young forest plantations near the M8 motorway.

Taylor's background includes extensive experience working on the land. He is married with five children and lives in Livingston. His health is generally good, though he suffers from poor appetite, angina, and high blood pressure. He was not taking medication for these conditions at the time of the incident. He was wearing a wrist-watch, carrying a leather purse, and had a penknife in his pockets.

The Encounter

Taylor left his house at 10:00 GMT and drove his pick-up truck to a point where he had to leave it and proceed on foot with his dog. While rounding a corner on a forest track, he was confronted by a large, dome-shaped object hovering stationary just above the ground. It was uniformly dark grey with a texture resembling emery paper, and it did not appear to rotate or make any audible sound. The object's surface texture periodically changed, giving the impression it was attempting to camouflage itself, becoming smooth and shiny.

The object was estimated to be about 6 metres in diameter and 4 metres high, with a hemispherical dome and an equatorial flange. Protruding from the upper edge of the flange were regularly spaced stems with 'propellers' or 'bow ties' that did not move. Darker circular patches were visible on the surface of the upper dome.

Shortly after, two smaller spiked spheres, identical in colour and texture to the large object, rushed towards Taylor from behind, under, or inside the main craft. These spheres, estimated to be between 0.5m and 1m in diameter, rolled forward on a horizontal axis, with the ends of their spikes touching the ground and making a sucking or plopping noise. Each sphere attached a spike to Taylor's trousers just below the pockets, pulling him towards the larger object. He felt himself being dragged, and struggled for breath due to an acrid choking smell. He lost consciousness at this point.

The Journey Back Home

Upon regaining consciousness, Taylor heard a swooshing noise, but the UFOs were gone. His dog was with him. He found he had lost his voice and his legs could not support him. He crawled about 90 metres back up the track and then managed to stand and walk unsteadily the remaining 430 metres to his parked truck. He attempted to use a two-way radio but still could not speak. While trying to reverse the truck, he drove it off the track into soft ground, where it became stuck. He then had to walk approximately 1870 metres back home via a shortcut across fields and woods. His voice returned during this journey. He arrived home at about 11:15 GMT, suffering from extreme thirst and a frontal headache that lasted for several hours. He also experienced a burning pain on his chin and felt sick. His wrist-watch, however, was still functioning.

The News Spreads

Taylor's wife wanted to call the police, but he restrained her and explained the incident. She then contacted his supervisor, Malcolm Drummond. Drummond contacted a local doctor, Dr. Adams, who examined Taylor and found no evidence of head injury or neurological disorder. Taylor was sent for a skull X-ray. Drummond, persuaded by Taylor that evidence of a 'landing' should be present, went to the site with Forestry Department staff and found marks on the ground. The site was fenced off. The news of the incident spread to local and national newspapers, including The Livingston Post, The Scotsman, The Evening News, The Glasgow Herald, and The Sunday Express.

The Site of the Encounter

The site is described as a gently sloping grassy clearing at the junction of several tracks in forest plantations north of Livingston. It is a public recreation area owned by Livingston Development Corporation, about 100 metres from the M8 motorway but not visible or accessible from it. Access is difficult via back roads and forest tracks. The grid reference is NT 035 703, and the elevation is 175 metres above mean sea level. The area is free from cables and installations and has never been sprayed with chemicals.

The Ground Markings

Two types of ground marks were observed. Firstly, two parallel ladder-like 'tracks,' each about 2.5 metres long and the same distance apart. Each 'rung' was 2-3 cm wide and deep, and about 30 cm long. The grass between the rungs was flattened but not as deeply as the rungs. The indentations were only in the grass, not in the ground beneath. Secondly, there were 40 holes surrounding the tracks, tapered from a maximum width of about 10 cm and no more than 10 cm deep. All were angled at about 30 degrees to the horizontal, with a consistent direction of inclination. Two distinct sets of holes formed rings around the tracks, one proceeding clockwise and the other anticlockwise. Some blades of grass surrounding the holes were sheared off. The holes were circular, not triangular as reported in the press. The grass was not burned or scorched, and fresh grass grew normally in 1980. The site had experienced a ground frost and hoar frost on the night of November 9/10, which accounted for the light tone of some photographs.

The Damage to Clothing

Taylor's outer clothing became dirty during his journey home. However, the anomalous damage consisted of two tears in his standard British police issue navy blue serge trousers, one just below each pocket, and an S-shaped hole in one leg of his long underpants.

Investigation and Analysis

Following the incident, a soil sample was taken from one of the anomalous holes by Jim Davidson and later handed to BUFORA. A control sample was taken from a molehill. Both samples were sent to Dr. Tom Straiton, a BUFORA member and chemist, who arranged for analysis by Dr. Colin Farrow in the Geology Department of Glasgow University. Dr. Straiton also provided gas samples tested by the witness. The author visited the site multiple times to examine the route and details of the encounter. Medical aspects were investigated by Dr. Alan Robertson, and meteorological data was supplied by Dr. Keith Weston. Civil engineer Fraser Gordon provided maps of the site.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The issue emphasizes the thoroughness of the investigation into the Livingston encounter, highlighting the corroboration of the witness's testimony through physical evidence such as ground markings and damaged clothing. The article presents Robert David Taylor as a credible witness, and the detailed analysis of the site and samples suggests a genuine, unexplained phenomenon. The editorial stance appears to be one of serious inquiry into UFO phenomena, presenting factual accounts and investigative findings without sensationalism.

This document, likely an excerpt from a magazine or report, details the investigation into a UFO encounter that occurred at Dechmont, Scotland, on November 9, 1979. The focus is on the physical evidence and witness testimony surrounding the event.

Examination of Trousers and Underpants The report begins by describing the tears found on the witness Robert's trousers. The right leg tear was approximately 65 cm from the bottom, and the left leg tear was about 76 cm up. Each tear was associated with a small hole, with the hole on the right leg aligning with the truncheon pocket. Anomalous holes were also present on the truncheon pocket itself. These large tears were confirmed to have not existed before the incident.

A police forensic scientist examined the trousers under a microscope. The findings indicated that the tears were not caused by burning but by tension on the fabric, specifically a rapid upward tug. The tearing mechanism was described as a few centimeters across, unlike a point-like tear from a nail. The possibility of a dog causing the tears was dismissed by Robert, who stated the dog had never torn fabric before.

Additionally, a powder similar to maize starch was discovered on the trousers at the bottom of the legs and around the hip and waist regions. The author hypothesizes this powder may have been transferred from a plastic shopping bag previously used by Mrs. Taylor for groceries, which might have contained flour. This contamination would likely be concentrated on the parts of the trousers that were folded together.

The underpants also had an S-shaped tear on the outer aspect of the left leg, approximately coinciding with the tear in the left trouser leg. This tear was about 4 cm long.

Identification of the Smell Robert described the smell associated with the encounter as similar to burning brake linings. He later also likened it to the smell produced by banging two rocks together or a grindstone. A brake lining manufacturer stated that the characteristic smell of burning linings is due to the release of phenols, cresols, and xylenols. The Institute of Geological Sciences noted that banging rocks together can release sulphurous gases like SO₂.

An attempt was made to identify the smell by having Robert sniff four prepared gas samples: ozone (O₃), hydrogen sulphide (H₂S), nitrogen dioxide (NO₂), and sulphur dioxide (SO₂). While Robert did not identify any sample as identical to the encounter smell, he did identify a gas or gases that could have been responsible, specifically sulphur dioxide. The report acknowledges that the smell could have been a complex cocktail of gases and that smell sensations are subjective.

Examination of the Soil Half of the soil samples collected from the site were subjected to X-ray fluorescence analysis. Both samples contained major elements such as silicon, aluminium, oxygen, titanium, iron, manganese, manganese, magnesium, sodium, and potassium. Minor elements included yttrium, rubidium, thorium, strontium, lead, zinc, gallium, copper, nickel, chromium, and barium. The sample from one of the holes made by the UFO showed a higher concentration of manganese, rubidium, and lead, though it is uncertain if this is within expected local variations. The technique used was qualitative, not quantitative.

The remaining half of the soil samples were sent to BUFORA's Trace Analysis Team. The report from BUFORA's Physical Data Section noted that the soil samples arrived in poor condition due to inadequate packaging during transit. The vial containing the sample from the alleged UFO markings was broken, and its contents leaked. This contamination with glass particles and potential contact with packaging made detailed analysis difficult. Furthermore, a delay between collection and arrival may have caused partial dehydration, potentially leading to the loss of volatile traces.

Limited examinations were conducted. Tom Straiton had previously checked for gross residual radioactivity. The current examination looked for low energy beta-emitting particles. Neither sample showed an increase in radioactivity. Activity from Tritium, Carbon-14, and Phosphorus-32 was also checked for. The moisture content of both samples was very low (around 3%), suggesting they had been dried by human action rather than the UFO.

Both samples contained reducing substances and phosphate, with the UFO site sample possibly containing slightly more. Shaking the samples in water caused a slight reduction in pH, but this was not considered significant. Due to the collection problems, microbiological studies were not attempted, as any microbes would likely have been killed by dehydration.

Overall, the soil sample analysis provided no definitive evidence to either enhance or detract from the witness's story.

Meteorological Data Meteorological data for Edinburgh Airport on November 9, 1979, at 1000 GMT is provided. The temperature was 3°C, dew point 2°C, with 3/8 cloud cover (strato-cumulus and cumulus) at various altitudes. There had been a sleet shower in the past hour. Visibility was 20 km, pressure equivalent to 1006.4 mb at sea level, and the wind was 5 knots from the WSW.

Analysis of Data and Inferences

Duration of Unconsciousness Based on the assumed times of the encounter (1015) and Robert's re-entry into his house (1115), a 60-minute period is analyzed. Allocating time for activities like crawling (5 mins), walking (8 mins), radio use (2 mins), backing a truck (3 mins), and walking home (22 mins), a total of 40 minutes is accounted for. This leaves approximately 20 minutes unaccounted for, which is assumed to be the period Robert was unconscious.

Clothing Damage on Journey Home The report considers whether the tears in Robert's clothes and grazes on his body could have occurred during his journey home. The author walked the route, looking for places where Robert might have had to jump downwards. However, the route involved no climbing or jumping and did not require struggling through undergrowth. Therefore, the journey home offered no explanation for the damage to his clothing. The findings of the Physical Data Section were in agreement with the police.

Ground Marks Analysis The 'track' marks found at the site resembled the pattern of a duck-board, but there was no discoloration of the grass, which would be expected if a board had been lying there. Robert stated he had seen no equipment in the area prior to the encounter. While the local Water Board had been laying pipes nearby, their equipment had not been left on the encounter site.

The possibility of the marks being made by mechanical equipment or machinery was considered. Forest tracks are used for vehicle access, but had not been used in that area for about two weeks. Evidence of wheel-slip was found at a corner where Robert first saw the UFO, but the marks were not fresh.

The anomalous marks were isolated from the forest track and did not match the spacing or shape of indentations from tracked vehicles. A tracked vehicle would have left indentations in the ground, not just the grass. The marks were also not consistent with helicopter landing gear, and police inquiries confirmed no helicopters were known to be flying in the area.

The holes found at the site could have been made by someone wielding a pick and pulling it out of the ground. However, there was no sign of the tool in the fresh soil, and the exposed soil was not compressed, suggesting the ground was merely opened.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance The document presents a detailed, evidence-based approach to investigating a UFO sighting. It emphasizes the importance of forensic analysis, witness testimony, and the examination of physical evidence. The author meticulously explores various explanations for the observed phenomena, including natural causes, human activity, and potential misinterpretations. The tone is objective and analytical, aiming to present findings without undue speculation. The recurring theme is the rigorous investigation of an unexplained event, highlighting the challenges in definitively attributing the cause of the observed anomalies.

The editorial stance appears to be one of cautious inquiry, seeking to explain the inexplicable through scientific and logical means, while acknowledging the limitations of the evidence and the possibility of unknown factors. The document underscores the need for careful data collection and analysis in UFO investigations.

This document, likely an issue of 'UFO Times' (based on context from other pages not provided), delves into a specific UFO encounter involving a witness named Robert Taylor. The issue critically examines the event, witness testimony, physical evidence, and the subsequent media coverage, exploring various hypotheses for the phenomenon.

Analysis of the Robert Taylor Encounter

Illustrations and Witness Testimony The article begins by discussing the illustrations of the UFOs, noting that Robert Taylor was unable to produce an adequate drawing himself. An initial attempt by David Hammond, Robert's daughter's fiancé, was used as a basis. This sketch initially showed the central UFO on legs, which Robert Taylor denied seeing. Corrections were made to reflect his account, showing the object hovering and not on the ground. The author acknowledges that allowances should be made for the witness's limited observation time, confusion, and the difficulty artists face in depicting what a witness saw.

Hypnotism The issue explores the use of hypnotism in close encounter cases to uncover repressed memories. While Robert Taylor had not experienced troubling dreams related to his encounter, hypnotism was suggested. He initially refused, deeming it unnecessary. However, in April 1980, he was persuaded to meet with an Edinburgh stage hypnotist. Although assured he would not be hypnotized without consent, he later became aware he had been. A tape recording was made, but the hypnosis yielded no additional data beyond what he had consciously recalled. This experience further diminished his willingness to undergo hypnosis.

False Reports and Rumors The document addresses and debunks several false reports and rumors surrounding the incident. It clarifies that press reports of 'creatures' were exaggerated and that there was no evidence of alien creatures, though this doesn't preclude their existence. A Sunday Mail report suggesting the witness had an accident with a tractor leading to a hallucination was refuted; the witness did not drive a tractor, and no accident occurred that morning. A rumor of severe burns was also dismissed, with the witness only attending the casualty department. A disappearance of a Fife couple, David and Patricia Somerville, was investigated for a possible connection but found to be unrelated, occurring a week later and in a different location.

Was the Report True? The objectivity of the report is questioned, with possibilities of invention or hallucination considered. The presence of anomalous ground marks is highlighted as unusual, suggesting that if the report were invented, the marks would also have to be fabricated. The witness's character and reputation are deemed not to be those of a hoaxer or liar, as he did not seek publicity and was reluctant to involve the police or press. The hypothesis of hallucination is examined, but it fails to explain the ground marks. Pat Hannaford's suggestion of an isolated temporal lobe epilepsy is discussed, but it is noted that such a condition does not explain the ground markings or torn trousers, and the witness reported no intrusion of old memories or prodromal symptoms.

Cause of the Ground Marks The ground marks are analyzed, with the fact that the ground was not indented supporting the witness's testimony of the object hovering. The holes were irregular and not consistent with being made by legs. They are described as 'opened' ground, similar to that caused by ground lightning strikes. The irregular disposition of the holes is explained by the ground sloping gently to the east and north-east, suggesting the object hovered horizontally. The marks are linked to the 'mines' (smaller objects associated with the main craft), with the presence of two 'mines', two 'tracks', and two rings of holes being considered significant. The possibility that the marks were caused by electromagnetic effects, such as miniature lightning strikes or the creation of a regular pattern in dielectric materials, is also explored.

Trousers Torn and Loss of Consciousness

The 'mines' are accepted as having attached themselves to the witness's trousers, causing tears consistent with their shape and the direction of pull upwards towards the witness's head. The sucking noise reported by the witness is linked to the use of a vacuum for attachment, suggesting the 'mines' were at below atmospheric pressure. The cause of the witness's loss of consciousness is investigated, with vascular causes like vasovagal attacks and cerebrovascular accidents deemed unlikely due to the sudden onset, lack of predromal symptoms, and rapid recovery without neurological damage. A transient ischaemic attack or cardiac arrhythmia are considered possibilities but do not fully account for all symptoms. The symptoms are found to correspond most closely with a complex partial epileptic attack, possibly triggered by the unusual circumstances. The strong, unpleasant smells reported are noted as being characteristic of the preliminary aura of an epileptic attack.

Secret Man-Made Craft and Alien Spacecraft Hypotheses The possibility of the object being a secret research vehicle from an aerospace factory is raised but dismissed due to the lack of such manufacturers in the area and the unlikelihood of such a craft being flown in public. The hypothesis that the object was an alien spacecraft is considered, but the author states that the onus of proof is on those who believe it. Evidence for this hypothesis is found to be lacking; the object's strangeness alone is not proof, and no aliens were seen, nor were any inexplicable residues left.

Natural Phenomenon Hypothesis The author expresses a personal view that the cause was some kind of natural phenomenon akin to ball lightning (BL). This hypothesis is supported by the electromagnetic nature of the ground effects and the similarity of the 'mines' to 'black' BL. The encounter is seen as a coincidental manifestation of a rare natural phenomenon. The movement of the 'mines' is explained as a natural result of magnetic fields, and their attachment by vacuum is consistent with the hypothesis. The possibility that electromagnetic phenomena can induce epileptic fits is considered.

Contemporary UFO Reports and Press Discussion The publication of the report generated more UFO reports, some of which might have gone unreported otherwise. The issue highlights how press reports often mix fact with fiction, exaggerating sensational aspects and perpetuating existing beliefs about UFOs. The media is criticized for creating myths and sensationalizing events for entertainment rather than for disseminating news. The article concludes that newspapers often cater to the public's preconceived notions about UFOs, leading to distorted accounts.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance The recurring themes in this issue include the critical analysis of UFO reports, the unreliability of media coverage, the exploration of scientific and natural explanations for UFO phenomena, and the importance of rigorous investigation. The editorial stance appears to be one of skepticism towards sensational claims and a preference for evidence-based explanations, leaning towards natural phenomena over extraterrestrial hypotheses. The author emphasizes the need to distinguish between factual reporting and media-driven myth-making.

This document is a collection of police reports and forensic examinations related to an incident involving Robert Taylor and an alleged unidentified object. The primary focus is on the forensic analysis of clothing and the investigation of unusual marks found at a specific location.

Forensic Examination of Clothing

The Lothian and Borders Police Forensic Science Laboratory, represented by Lester Knibb and Jennifer Lynne Hendry, examined several items of clothing worn by Mr. Taylor on November 12, 1979. The items included trousers, a pullover, a jumper, pants, a vest, and socks.

The black cloth trousers were found to have mud stains on the front of the legs above the knees and white powder, identified as similar to maize starch, at the bottoms of the legs and around the hip and waist. Significant tears were found at each hip: the left hip had a horizontal tear of 3 inches with connecting vertical tears of 1 inch and 3/4 inch, while the right hip had a 1-inch horizontal tear with two connecting vertical tears, each 2 inches long. These tears were deemed consistent with the material having been pulled up while the trousers were worn.

The pale green knitted pullover had extensive mud smears on the front. The jumper, pants ('long Johns'), vest, and socks were examined, but nothing of significance was found, except for a corresponding tear on the left leg of the 'long Johns' similar to those on the trousers.

Witness Statements

Police Constable William Douglas reported on his attendance at Woodlands Park, Livingston, on November 9, 1979, following an allegation by Robert Taylor, a forestry worker, of being attacked by alien beings from a space craft. Douglas was led to a clearing where marks on the ground were observed. These marks were described as similar to a caterpillar tractor, uniform in size, and indicated an object of several tons had been present. Surrounding holes, approximately 3 inches in diameter and depth, were also noted, with no rational explanation found.

Douglas also examined Mr. Taylor's vehicle and noted no damage or signs that could cause hallucination. Later, he interviewed Mr. Taylor, who complained of a burning sensation under his chin and grazing on his left thigh. Taylor's clothing was taken for examination.

Detective Constable John Wark attended Dechmont Woods, Livingston, on November 9, 1979, where an unidentified flying object was sighted. He observed marks on the ground, described as two tracks, each 10 feet long and 1 foot wide, 7 feet apart. Each track was circled by 20 holes, 3 inches in diameter and 4 inches deep, entering the ground at an angle. Wark took measurements and photographs and prepared a sketch plan.

Robert David Taylor, a 61-year-old Foreman Forrester, provided a detailed account of the incident on November 9, 1979. He stated that while working in a clearing in Dechmont Woods, he saw a large, grey, dome-shaped object, approximately 30 feet high, with a flange, antennae, and porthole-type apertures. Two smaller objects, described as sea mines with legs, emerged from the larger object and rolled towards him at speed. He experienced an overpowering pungent smell and felt himself being grabbed at the top of his thighs, with pressure and a burning sensation under his chin. He lost consciousness and, upon regaining it, felt weak and unsteady. His vehicle became bogged down when he attempted to drive it. He walked home, where his wife noted his dirty clothes and slightly torn trousers. His boss, Mr. Drummond, and doctor, Dr. Adams, were called. Dr. Adams found a graze on his left thigh and under his chin but no signs of head injury. Taylor was advised to go to Bangour General Hospital for X-rays and a psychiatrist interview but left after a long wait. He later visited his daughter in Keswick.

Malcolm Kenneth Drummond, Landscape Forestry Manager, confirmed being summoned to Mr. Taylor's house and visiting the locus, where he saw nothing unusual at that time. He arranged for Taylor's truck to be uplifted.

Dr. Gordon James Harvey Adams examined Mr. Taylor and found a graze on his left thigh and a barely visible graze under his chin. His vital signs were normal. He recommended a head X-ray and a psychiatrist interview. Dr. Adams noted Taylor's history of meningitis and a recent admission to City Hospital for severe headaches.

Later, Dr. Adams and Mr. Drummond returned to the locus and found fresh marks on the ground that could not be accounted for. Detective Inspector MacDonald also visited the locus and observed tracks and holes in the grass, noting that rain water on the marks suggested they were not recent.

Conclusion and Assessment

Despite extensive inquiries, no information was gained to explain the marks on the ground. Mr. Taylor is described as a respected, conscientious, and trustworthy person, not likely to invent such a story. However, his past medical history, including meningitis and recent headaches, was noted.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The recurring themes in this document are the investigation of an alleged encounter with an unidentified object and its occupants, the detailed forensic examination of physical evidence (clothing and ground marks), and the corroboration of witness testimony. The reports maintain a factual and objective tone, presenting the findings of the police and forensic teams. The document implicitly highlights the challenges in definitively explaining anomalous events and physical evidence when conventional explanations are lacking.

This document comprises appendices from a publication, likely a newsletter or report from the Scottish UFO Research Association, detailing the events of November 1979 concerning a reported UFO incident and alien encounter on Dechmont Hill, Livingston, West Lothian, Scotland. The appendices include witness statements, press reports from various Scottish newspapers, and a sketch plan of the incident locus.

The Dechmont Hill Incident

Mary Stevenson or Taylor's Statement (Appendix 8) Mary Stevenson or Taylor, a 66-year-old housewife from Deans, West Lothian, recounts the events of Friday, November 9, 1979, as experienced by her husband, Bob Taylor. He left for work at his usual time, appearing normal. He returned home around 9:15 a.m. and left again at 9:25 a.m., still appearing normal. Around 11:15 a.m., Mary saw her husband walking towards the house, his face and clothes dirty. He claimed he had been attacked, not by men, but by a 'spaceship thing.' He reported a smell and a need for a bath. His jersey and trousers were dirty, and his trousers were torn on either side near the pockets. He had a graze mark on his left leg and under his chin, appearing pale, drained, and exhausted.

Bob Taylor described seeing a large spinning top-like object and being attacked by two round objects that rolled towards him. He mentioned marks on his body, which he believed were caused by the object being heavy. The doctor later allowed him to go to the woods, where he confirmed the presence of marks. Mary noted that her husband had no history of mental illness but had contracted meningitis about 14 years prior, with successful treatment. He had also suffered headaches in July 1979, leading to a hospital admission, but had been in good health since.

Sketch Plan of Locus (Appendix 9) This appendix contains a sketch plan of the UFO incident locus at Dechmont, West Lothian. The diagram shows a clearing with various circular and curved markings, possibly representing the indentations and tracks described in the incident. A scale of 1/4 inch to 1 foot is indicated, and the plan is noted as prepared by D.C. Wark.

Press Reports (Appendices 10-15) Several newspaper reports from November 10-12, 1979, detail the incident, providing a broader perspective and additional witness accounts.

The Scotsman (1979 Nov 10): 'MAN TAKEN TO HOSPITAL AFTER 'CLOSE ENCOUNTER'
This report describes Bob Taylor, a forestry worker, recovering from a close encounter. Police cordoned off the site of an alleged assault by 'strange creatures,' confirming marks on the ground, including indentations consistent with an object on stilts and deep tread-like marks. A police spokesman suggested 'a hundred feasible explanations.' Mr. Taylor, of Broomyknowe Drive, Livingston, was found shocked and dishevelled. He reported seeing a silver spinning-top-shaped craft in a clearing and being grabbed by 'two creatures' who tried to drag him into their machine. He recalls a strong smell and a dog barking, which he believes frightened off the assailants. He passed out and found the clearing empty upon waking, with deep marks on the ground. He was too shaken to drive his van and staggered home. His wife, Mary, called his boss, Malcolm Drummond, who later called the police. Mr. Taylor was taken to Bangour General Hospital. His trousers were torn, and his thighs were scratched and bruised. Mr. Drummond visited the site, noting distinct triangular marks but no scorch marks, and stated that Mr. Taylor's account was not that of a fanciful person. Police checked helicopter flights but found none in the area. Mr. Taylor later discharged himself from the hospital.

The Glasgow Herald (1979 Nov 10): 'CLOSE ENCOUNTER OF A FANTASTIC KIND'
This article reiterates the events, with Mr. Bob Taylor, a foreman forester, arriving home shocked and dishevelled. His boss, Malcolm Drummond, described Mr. Taylor as a 'sensible straightforward man.' Mr. Taylor reported working alone at Dechmont Hill when confronted by a silver craft and two 'creatures' who tried to drag him into their machine. He remembers a strong smell and a dog barking. Upon regaining consciousness, the craft and creatures were gone, leaving deep regular marks on the ground. He was too shaken to drive and staggered home. He was later taken to Bangour General Hospital. Mr. Drummond noted the distinct triangular marks. Mr. Pender Martin, a workmate, vouched for Mr. Taylor's character. Mr. Steuart Campbell, Scottish Investigating Co-ordinator for the British UFO Research Association, expressed interest but skepticism about figures emerging from a craft. He stated, 'It does sound like the sort of thing I would like to investigate.'

Evening News (1979 Nov 10): 'Police Probe Marks Mystery - ATTACK OF THE 'ALIENS'
Detectives were investigating an alleged assault by 'strange creatures' on a Livingston forestry worker. The incident occurred in a lonely spot on the outskirts of Livingston. Mr. Bob Taylor, of Broomyknowe Drive, was allegedly attacked by 'aliens.' He staggered home shocked and dishevelled and was taken to Bangour General Hospital. He described a silver spinning top-shaped craft and 'two creatures' who grabbed him and tried to drag him into their machine, causing him to faint. Mr. Malcolm Drummond stated that after visiting the site, he stressed, 'It is clear that something exceptional happened.' Mr. Campbell was visiting the spot. Police examined marks and indentations indicating something had been there. Locals observed deep marks in the ground, including indentations in a 15-foot radius and tracks about two inches deep.

The Sunday Express (1979 Nov 11): 'IT MAY BE LIKE DR. WHO, BUT WHAT REALLY HAPPENED IN SCOTLAND?'
This report highlights UFO experts heading to Dechmont Hill to examine mysterious marks on the ground. Mr. Bob Taylor claimed he was attacked by creatures from space. Police noted indentations 'as if made by the legs of some machine' but no marks leading to the secluded spot. Mr. Drummond described Taylor as 'shocked and upset' but sensible. Taylor recounted seeing a silver spherical spacecraft and two 'creatures' shaped like wheels with arms, who tore his trousers and left scratch marks on his thighs. He fainted and felt dragged. He also recalled a chemical smell and his dog barking. Upon waking, the craft and creatures were gone, leaving flattened grass and no scorch marks. He crawled back to his van, which was stuck in mud. Mr. Campbell found parallel lines and circular designs, suggesting a tracked vehicle but no leading tracks. He planned further investigation.

The Sunday Express (1979 Nov 11): 'FORESTER 'ATTACKED BY VISITORS FROM SPACE'
This article details the police sealing off an area of Scottish grassland following a forestry worker's claim of being attacked by creatures from space. Experts examined imprints on the ground. Police described the indentations as 'very strange' and possibly from a machine, with no leading marks. Mr. Bob Taylor, a 50-year-old forestry foreman, claimed two creatures tried to pull him into their spacecraft. His boss, Malcolm Drummond, stated, 'Bob Taylor is not a man to make something up.' Mr. Taylor described a silver-coloured spacecraft and two 'creatures' shaped like wheels with arms. They tore his trousers and left scratch marks. He fainted and felt dragged. Investigations revealed two small trailmarks. He also recalled a chemical smell and his dog barking. The site had a dozen or so deep triangular marks and two parallel caterpillar tracks. Mr. Taylor, after crawling to his van, was found by police with the engine running.

The Sunday Mail (1979 Nov 11): 'THE 'ALIEN' MAN LEAVES HOSPITAL'
This report states that Bob Taylor, who claimed a close encounter with two aliens, signed himself out of hospital and traveled south. He told police he was attacked by aliens while working on Dechmont Hill. He claimed two creatures tried to drag him into their silver spinning-top shaped craft. Police were 'officially investigating.' It was suggested Mr. Taylor might have had an accident before the 'close encounter.'

The Glasgow Herald (1979 Nov 12): 'THE EXPERT'S THEORY ON ALIEN CRAFT'
Forestry worker Bob Taylor's claim of being attacked by 'strange creatures' might be explained by a natural phenomenon, according to Mr. Steuart Campbell of the British UFO Research Association. Campbell theorized that while he didn't believe in alien spacecraft, the event could be a natural phenomenon or electrical phenomena. He hoped to interview Mr. Taylor. Taylor described a silver craft and two circular creatures that approached him, tore his trousers, and bruised his thighs. After treatment, he traveled south. The area was cordoned off, and Mr. Campbell investigated marks on the ground. He noted marks that could be from the object or pre-existing, along with fresh holes. He suggested that while many might find Taylor's claims hard to swallow, he was not inclined to dismiss them, proposing a natural phenomenon as a possible explanation.

The Sun (1979 Nov 12): 'SPACE THUGS' ATTACK BOB AND HIS DOG'
The 'close encounter mystery' deepened as dozens reported seeing swooping lights in the sky the night before Bob Taylor's incident. Police were 'seriously' investigating strange marks on the ground that Taylor claimed were made by a spaceship. Taylor described a silver sphere-shaped spaceship and two 'machine-like' creatures that grabbed him, tore his clothes, and left cuts on his legs. He fainted. Police examined marks that looked like they were made by machine legs. His boss, Malcolm Drummond, stated he had no reason to doubt Bob, noting deep dents where something had landed.

Evening News (1979 Nov 12): 'ALIENS ATTACK CLAIM A MYSTERY'
Detectives admitted being baffled by Bob Taylor's claim of being attacked by 'strange creatures.' Taylor reported seeing a spacecraft about 30 feet high with a dome that changed color and a platform with antennae. He claimed two 'bodies' round in shape with about six legs approached silently and at great speed, emitting a 'foul smell,' causing him to lose consciousness. He believes the creatures tried to drag him into the craft. He crawled home and was taken to Bangour General Hospital but later discharged himself. Detectives stated Mr. Taylor was none the worse for the incident and that 'the man's integrity is not in doubt.'

Glasgow Herald (1979 Nov 13): 'MAN TELLS OF BRUSH WITH ALIEN ROBOTS'
Bob Taylor, a 61-year-old forestry worker, described his experience. He saw a 'dome about 20 or 30 feet high with a large flange round it,' which he took to be a spaceship. It was dull grey and seemed to camouflage itself. Two figures emerged: 'grey ball shapes about four feet high with six metal spikes on each. They were robots of some kind.' They moved with a suction noise, and he recalled a powerful, choking odour. He fainted. His dog, Lara, started to follow him. Taylor's trousers were torn, and his thighs were bruised. After hospital treatment, he traveled south. The area was cordoned off, and Mr. Campbell investigated marks on the ground. Campbell theorized that it could be a natural phenomenon or electrical phenomena, not necessarily alien spacecraft.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance The recurring themes in these appendices are the unexplained sighting of a UFO and alleged encounter with alien beings, the physical evidence left at the scene (marks on the ground), and the credibility of the witness, Bob Taylor. The editorial stance, as reflected in the reporting, is one of cautious investigation and a willingness to consider the possibility of an extraordinary event, while also presenting skeptical viewpoints and alternative explanations such as natural phenomena. The consistent description of Taylor as a sensible, straightforward man, and the corroboration of physical marks on the ground, lend weight to the accounts, even as experts like Steuart Campbell express reservations about alien spacecraft as the definitive cause. The media coverage highlights the mystery and strangeness of the event, with police admitting to being baffled and experts being intrigued.

This issue of the Scottish Daily Express, dated November 13, 1979, focuses on a remarkable alleged encounter with extraterrestrial beings and a UFO.

Bob's Space Kidnap Terror Reported by Stuart McCartney, this article details the experience of Bob Taylor, a 61-year-old forestry worker from Livingston, West Lothian. Taylor claims he was almost kidnapped by creatures from outer space while walking his dog, Lara, on Dechmont Hill near the M8 motorway on Friday, November 9, 1979. He described seeing a dark grey, 30 ft. wide craft with portholes. Two creatures, described as small, round, and about 4 ft. tall with legs, approached him. He noted a powerful odor and believes he fainted, with his dog's barking being the last thing he heard before the creatures left.

Taylor's clothes were torn, and he was in pain. Police were convinced he 'definitely saw something.'

Close Encounter with the Little Grey Robots This article, accompanied by a photograph of Bob Taylor holding his drawing of the craft and creatures, provides further details. Taylor encountered a large, dome-shaped craft in a clearing near the M8 motorway. He described the craft as 20 to 30 feet long, looking like an airship with a flange and propellers. The occupants, described as 'dull grey and rough like emery paper,' made a 'sucking sound' as they rolled towards him on stalks. Taylor also noted a strong, choking smell that caught the back of his throat. He believes his dog, Lara, may have frightened the creatures off. When he recovered, the clearing was empty.

Bob Taylor's Incredible Story - In Full Written by Ian Dow for the Livingston Post (November 15, 1979), this piece reiterates Taylor's account. He described a large, dome-shaped machine in a secluded clearing in Dechmont Law Wood. The craft appeared to be camouflaging itself. Two spheres, described as 'dull grey and rough in texture like emery paper,' and looking like 'naval mines, about four to five foot high, with six stalks coming from each one,' emerged from beneath the craft. Taylor was mesmerized and recalls a sucking sound as they rolled towards him. He experienced an overpowering smell and believes he fainted. His trousers were torn at the sides. He felt no menace from the craft or the robots. His dog, Lara, barked, which he believes may have scared them off. Upon regaining consciousness, the clearing was empty. Taylor was dazed and unable to speak, struggling to reach his van, which he had parked some distance away. The encounter left him unable to drive or use the van's radio, forcing him to crawl and stumble home.

The Investigation and Witness Testimony Taylor's wife, Mary, initially thought he had suffered an accident, but after he convinced her it was not a physical assault, she contacted his boss, Malcolm Drummond, head of the Livingston Development Corporation Forestry Department. Drummond, along with some staff, visited the site and observed distinct marks on the ground, including 'caterpillar tracks' and 'deep triangular marks the size of a horse's hoof.' Drummond noted that there were no tracks leading to or from the site and estimated the object that made the marks weighed possibly two tons. He stated that he couldn't explain the marks but that they must have come straight down and gone straight back up. Drummond vouched for Taylor's character, describing him as 'a very straightforward and serious bloke.'

Taylor's doctor recommended a check-up for concussion, but Taylor reported no ill-effects. He admitted he had never believed in flying saucers before but now did. Fraser Gordon of the British UFO Research Association stated that Taylor's account was similar to other UFO encounter reports. Police photographed the tracks and treated the matter seriously, forwarding reports to Lothian and Borders Police HQ in Edinburgh.

Is Something Strange Going On? An article from the Edinburgh Evening News (November 29, 1979) by Sheila McNamara questions whether something sinister is happening in the skies over West Lothian. It notes a remarkable number of citizens, including those previously skeptical, are now considering the possibility of extraterrestrial surveillance. The article highlights Bob Taylor's experience as the catalyst for this shift in perspective. Colleagues, friends, and neighbors describe Taylor as a quiet, straightforward countryman not prone to exaggeration or lying. He reported being 'attacked' by strange objects from a spaceship.

Alternative Explanations and Other Sightings Further details emerge about Taylor's state upon returning home: weak, pale, hoarse, with a grazed chin, torn trousers, and muddy clothing. His wife contacted his boss, Malcolm Drummond, who initially suspected a physical assault. Taylor recounted his experience, describing a stationary, grey, silent spaceship with a rim around the center. He saw two 'things,' described as mechanical devices with feet, emerge and roll towards him. He experienced a choking smell and passed out. He believes his dog, Lara, may have scared them off. He crawled to his van, which had gone off the road into a ditch. Mr. Drummond and his staff found marks on the ground consistent with a heavy machine. The police were called, and after investigating, they confessed to being 'completely baffled.'

The article also mentions other sightings: Mrs. Violet Connor saw a long, cigar-shaped object radiating bright light over Armadale on the same morning as Taylor's encounter. A young mother in Pumpherston reported seeing five or six 'pinpricks of light' that moved like no known aircraft. Similar sightings have been reported by hundreds, including pilots and RAF staff who traced objects on radar.

Scientist Alan Pickup of the Royal Observatory noted that people often keep quiet about sightings, but it is a common occurrence, often mistaken for satellites, planets, meteorites, or fireballs. Meteorological balloons are also a common misidentification. Steuart Campbell of the Scottish UFO Society suggests the phenomenon might be ball lightning, explaining the round shape, rim, and ground marks as potential electrical shorts. He also notes that ball lightning can emit an ozone smell, similar to what Taylor described. However, Campbell could not explain the ladder-like patterns in the grass.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance The issue consistently presents Bob Taylor's account as a serious and credible event, supported by witness testimony from colleagues and friends who attest to his character. The police investigation and the acknowledgment of being 'baffled' lend weight to the mystery. While alternative explanations like ball lightning are explored, they are presented as tentative, leaving the core mystery of the UFO encounter unresolved. The articles also highlight a broader increase in UFO sightings in the Lothian region, suggesting that Taylor's experience may be part of a larger, unexplained phenomenon. The overall stance is one of reporting a significant and puzzling event with a degree of open-mindedness, acknowledging the lack of definitive explanations.