JTAP - Vol 2 No 4 - Jan 1983

Magazine Overview

Title: The Journal of Transient Aerial Phenomena
Issue: Volume 2, Number 4 (Issue 7)
Date: January 1983
Publisher: British Unidentified Flying Object Research Association Limited
ISSN: 0143-8840

This issue of The Journal of Transient Aerial Phenomena is dedicated to exploring the state of ufology and its potential for professionalization, alongside a detailed survey of the demographics and beliefs of its members.

UFOLOGY AS A PROFESSION by J Allen Hynek

J. Allen Hynek, a prominent figure in UFO studies, begins by expressing his honor at being asked to provide an overview of the field. He reflects on his long involvement, starting with Project Sign in 1948 and continuing through Project Blue Book until its closure in 1969. He clarifies that he has no current connection with government or military organizations, and that The Center for UFO Studies, founded in 1973, is solely funded by voluntary contributions.

Hynek describes the UFO phenomenon as complex, encompassing everything from the absurdities of early contactees like Adamski to the more baffling cases of 'missing time' and physical evidence like scorched rings and radar sightings. He notes that while physical evidence seems more tangible than purely psychic phenomena, both aspects are ultimately mysterious and may represent two sides of the same coin, requiring acceptance of contradictory aspects like light being both a wave and a particle.

He criticizes the current state of ufology as disorganized and fragmented, often characterized by mystical theories, religious orientations, and claims of superiority, leading to internal conflicts and a lack of credibility. He laments the disdain and scorn from the scientific establishment, attributing it partly to a lack of knowledge and exposure to sensationalized media portrayals. Hynek argues that scientists, busy with their own research and bound by current scientific paradigms, are unlikely to seriously consider UFOs without compelling evidence and a clear understanding of how such phenomena could be investigated, especially given the relativistic constraints on travel.

Hynek asserts that for ufology to gain respect, it must become a profession. He defines a professional not just by being paid, but by possessing a serious, structured approach, adhering to professional ethics, standards, and accreditation. He calls for a 'housecleaning' both nationally and internationally, urging individuals who understand the professional approach to unite and establish a code of professional standards and ethics for investigators, researchers, and writers. This is not a call to form a new organization, but to create an association of individuals to forge common articles that can guide future behavior.

He draws parallels with other professions, noting that law and medicine require examinations and accreditation. He criticizes the 'fast-buck artists' who flood the market with unsubstantiated material. Hynek emphasizes the need for a professional society that can speak for its members, represent them, and hold them accountable for unprofessional behavior, similar to how lawyers or manufacturers are disciplined.

He concludes by comparing ufology to alchemy, a precursor to chemistry, and expresses concern that without professionalization, ufology will continue to face decades of buffoonery and ridicule. However, he remains hopeful that if the phenomenon persists, presenting it in a dignified and professional manner will eventually lead to its acceptance as a profession.

WHAT KIND OF PEOPLE JOIN A UFO GROUP? by Shirley McIver

This article presents a preliminary report of a survey conducted among BUFORA members in September 1981, aiming to understand the demographics and characteristics of individuals involved in UFO research groups.

Methodology and Scope

The survey received 218 replies from Britain out of approximately 550 members at the time. The author notes that while BUFORA is one of the oldest and largest groups, its representativeness of all UFO research groups in Britain is not guaranteed. The study focuses on 'UFO research groups,' distinguishing them from groups focused on extraterrestrial contactees and teachings.

Social Details

The majority of BUFORA members are males aged between 21 and 40, who are employed. Engineering is the most common occupation. Members generally fall into socio-economic classes two, three, and four (lower-middle and middle classes). Most have attended secondary modern or grammar schools, leaving at 16 or later, and 66% have engaged in further education, often passing exams.

Regarding marital status, just over half are married, widowed, or divorced, with 43% being single, which is noted as a relatively high proportion compared to the general population.

Origin of Interest in UFOs

Most members became interested in UFOs over five years ago, with many over 15 years ago. The interest often began in their teens. Books were the most frequent source of interest, often stemming from a long-standing interest in space research or psychic research. George Adamski was the most frequently mentioned author, followed by Erich von Daniken and Arthur Shuttlewood.

UFO and Psychic Experiences

Sixty-one percent of members have seen something they consider a UFO, mostly lights in the sky. Close encounters and alien contacts are less common. A significant proportion (57%) report having had psychic experiences, though these are not strongly correlated with UFO sightings. The occurrence of both UFO sightings and psychic experiences is noted as being high among BUFORA members compared to the general population.

Opinions about What UFOs Might Be

The most popular explanation for UFOs is that they are extra-terrestrial spacecraft (44% chose this first). Other popular explanations include unknown natural phenomena (19% first) and psychic events (12% first). Less popular explanations include misperceptions, spiritual beings, secret weapons, and evil entities.

Activities Connected with Interest in UFOs

The most frequent activity is reading UFO literature, with members often reading one or two books a week. Space research, astronomy, and psychic research are also popular interests. Skywatching is the second most popular activity (37%), followed by research and interviewing witnesses. Few members attend local meetings or belong to groups other than BUFORA.

Important Aspects of Ufology

'Collecting data and formulating hypotheses' is considered the most important aspect of ufology (58%), followed closely by 'getting the research procedure correct' and 'working out the right theory of what UFOs are from the existing data.' 'Transmitting the messages obtained by contactees' is considered the least important aspect.

Themes in UFO Literature

Most members (71%) agree that solving the UFO mystery will cause a revolution in understanding the world. However, only 23% believe governments are withholding information about alien contact, with 48% disagreeing. While most believe UFOs are extra-terrestrial, they are divided on whether aliens are living on Earth and mixing with humans (38% agree, 38% unsure, 24% disagree).

More than half of members (55%) believe some UFO interestees have been visited by Men in Black, but they are unsure about the link between cattle mutilations and UFOs. Members are divided on Erich von Daniken's theory of extraterrestrial creation of humans and the idea of Atlantis.

Religious Beliefs

Slightly more members identify with a religion than do not, with the Church of England being the main category. However, 40% report no church membership, higher than the general population. Most members believe in a God (61%), with a significant portion believing in an impersonal spirit or lifeforce. Belief in life after death (68%) and reincarnation (45%) is also high compared to the general public, suggesting a tendency towards mystical beliefs.

Other (Science and Politics)

Most members believe science will not explain all of life's mysteries (71%). Forty-nine percent do not support a political party, and those who do are more likely to support liberal or minority parties, indicating dissatisfaction with traditional politics.

Summary of BUFORA Members

BUFORA members are not social drop-outs or religious cranks. They are generally young men from non-manual and professional occupations, with a strong interest in space exploration and related subjects like psychic research. They spend considerable time reading and have formed their own views on various subjects, particularly UFOs. The predominance of males is attributed to the technological orientation of ufology and societal sex stereotypes. Their independence of thought is evident in their views on UFOs and traditional politics and religion.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The recurring theme throughout this issue is the urgent need for ufology to mature into a recognized and respected profession. Both Hynek's call for structured investigation and ethical standards, and McIver's survey highlighting the characteristics of dedicated researchers, underscore this point. The editorial stance appears to be in favor of a more scientific, evidence-based, and organized approach to the study of UFO phenomena, moving away from sensationalism and unsubstantiated claims to gain credibility with the scientific community and the public.

The Journal of Transient Aerial Phenomena, Volume 2, published in April 1982, is a publication focused on UFO research and related phenomena. It serves as a platform for scientists and researchers to share findings, analyses, and discussions, aiming for an international and scientifically rigorous approach.

Contents

This issue features several key articles:

"UFOLOGY AS A PROFESSION" by Dr. J. Allen Hynek

This article, though not fully detailed in the provided pages, is listed in the table of contents, suggesting a focus on the professionalization and scientific approach to ufology.

"WHAT KIND OF PEOPLE JOIN A UFO GROUP" by Shirley McIver

This article delves into the demographics and psychological profiles of individuals who join UFO organizations. It references sociological studies and surveys, including comparisons with general population data from the Gallup Poll. The author discusses the methodology of her research, including the use of questionnaires and the challenges of interpreting responses. A key finding highlighted is the tendency for BUFORA members to interpret UFO-related phenomena from a more human-centric perspective compared to broader societal views.

"THE INTERFACE BETWEEN THE UFO REPORT AND NEW INFORMATION" by Peter A. Hill

Peter A. Hill's extensive article emphasizes the critical need for a rigorous scientific methodology in UFO research. He argues that progress has been slow due to a lack of systematic data collection and analysis. The article critiques the philosophical speculation that often surrounds UFOs, advocating for a data-driven approach. Hill outlines BUFORA's plans to improve its research capabilities, including restructuring the department, increasing specialization, and initiating pilot studies with international collaboration. He stresses the importance of statistical analysis, proper controls, and professional interpretation of findings. The article also touches upon the history of UFO reports, from early 'foo fighter' sightings to more recent cases, and discusses the challenges of distinguishing between UFOs and Identified Flying Objects (IFOs).

"BALL LIGHTNING UPDATE" by Steuart Campbell

This section provides recent reports and commentary on ball lightning (BL) phenomena. It details an incident at the Cavendish Laboratory in Cambridge where a bright blue-white ball of light was observed after lightning strikes. Another account describes an orange ball lightning event near Innerleithen, Scotland. The article also includes a historical report of a BL witnessed near Freudenstadt, Germany, before World War I. Campbell highlights the skepticism surrounding BL, referencing a dismissive comment from The Sunday Times, and notes the lack of detailed scientific analysis of such events.

NOTICES

• This section contains announcements for upcoming events:
• United Kingdom 3rd International UFO Congress: Scheduled for August 27-29, 1983, in High Wycombe, Buckinghamshire, organized by BUFORA Ltd. It highlights the participation of leading researchers from the USA, Canada, Europe, and the UK.
• Kensington Lectures 1983: A series of lectures scheduled from February to May 1983, covering topics such as "To Ride Pegasus," "Hypnotic Regression, and Where Now," "The Genius of The Few," and "The Seven Day Wonder at Cergy-Pontoise."
• International UFO Directory: Compiled by PICUR, listing over 200 individuals and available for purchase.

Notes for Contributors

The journal provides guidelines for authors submitting manuscripts. Contributions should be typed double-spaced, preferably in English, and include an abstract. Mathematical symbols, illustrations, and tables should adhere to specific formatting requirements. References should be cited in a consistent format, and the Editorial Board reserves the right to accept, revise, or reject manuscripts.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The journal consistently promotes a scientific and analytical approach to UFO research, moving away from pure speculation towards evidence-based investigation. There is a strong emphasis on rigorous methodology, data analysis, and international collaboration. The editorial stance advocates for objectivity, caution against undue enthusiasm, and the application of scientific principles, even when dealing with phenomena that challenge conventional understanding. The journal aims to be a credible international forum for the serious study of UFOs and related topics.