Animals and Men - No 41

Magazine Overview

Title: animals&men
Issue: 41
Volume: 51 Letters
Date: Not explicitly stated, but implied to be after the last issue and before issue 42, likely around 2004 based on context.
Publisher: The Centre for Fortean Zoology (CFZ)
Country: England
Language: English
Price: £3.00/$US5

This issue of *Animals & Men* is the quarterly journal of the Centre for Fortean Zoology, a non-profit making organisation. The cover prominently features a black cat in a wooded setting, with the headline "BRITISH BIG CATS - IS EVERYTHING WE THOUGHT WE KNEW WRONG?". Other featured topics include "Giant eels in the Lake District; The legend of the goatman; BHM and Lake Monster Roundups; and much more...".

Editorial

The editorial, written by Jonathan Downes, Director CFZ, reflects on the four months since the last issue, describing it as a "long time in CFZ land". He highlights the success of the "Weird Weekend" event, noting its growth into a global and community event, with speakers from various countries. The editorial also announces two major sponsorship deals with Travis Perkins and Capcom, and the continued growth of the CFZ Press publishing arm, which has released books by Neil Arnold, Marcus Matthews, Nick Redfern, and Karl Shuker, with plans for twenty more titles in the next twenty-four months, aiming to become the biggest dedicated cryptozoological publisher.

Downes emphasizes that the CFZ is about more than just finding new species; it's about studying them and working with other agencies on conservation. He congratulates Chris Moiser and Jane Bassett on their purchase of Tropiquaria zoo and expresses personal joy that his wife, Corinna, is a shareholder, linking it to his lifelong obsession with zoos. The editorial concludes with a quote, "things really are only going to get better".

The Faculty of the Centre for Fortean Zoology

This section details the structure and personnel of the CFZ. It lists the Permanent Directorate, including Hon. Life President Colonel John Blashford-Snell, Director Jonathan Downes, Deputy Director Graham Inglis, Zoological Director Richard Freeman, Administrative Director Corinna Downes, Assistant Director/Resident Artist Mark North, and Ecologist Oll Lewis. It also lists support staff such as Fundraiser Suzi Marsh, Tour Manager Nigel Wright, and Trainee David Phillips.

The Board of Consultants includes various specialists: Zoological Consultants Chris Moiser and Dr Lars Thomas; Palaentological Consultant Dr Darren Naish; Ichthylogical Consultant Dr Charles Paxton; Cryptozoology Consultants Dr Karl Shuker and Loren Coleman; Consultant Art Historian Dr Gail-Nina Anderson; Folklorist Jeremy Harte; American Office representative Nick Redfern; and Diving Consultant Kevin Boyd.

Regional Representatives are listed for England (covering numerous counties), Scotland (Aberdeen, Ayrshire), Wales (Elliot Saunders, Oll Lewis), Northern Ireland (Gary Cunningham, Ronan Coghlan), USA (California, Indiana, Illinois, Missouri, Ohio, New York State, North Carolina, Texas, Wisconsin), and International representatives (Australia, Denmark, France, Germany, Eire, New Zealand, Switzerland).

Newsfile

This section compiles various news items related to zoology and cryptozoology.

CEPHALO-00D

A bizarre creature resembling a hybrid octopus and squid, tentatively identified as belonging to the genus *Mastigoteuthis*, was captured off Keyhole Point, Big Island, Hawaii. Found in a deep-sea water pipeline of the Natural Energy Laboratory of Hawaii Authority, the specimen was described as being about a foot long with eight tentacles and an octopus head with a squidlike mantle. Operations manager Jan War expressed delight at its discovery, calling it "octosquid".

NEW FISH SUCKS

A new genus and species of electric ray, *Electrolux addisoni*, discovered off South Africa, has been named after a vacuum cleaner. Described in the journal *Smithiana Bulletin* by Leonard Compagno and Phillip Heemstra, the name alludes to the ray's "well-developed electrogenic properties". The discovery sheds light on the fish diversity of the Western Indian Ocean.

IT'S A STITCH-UP

A new family of indigenous New Zealand birds has been created following the discovery that the stitchbird, or "hihi", belongs to its own family, with no close relatives. Previously thought to be part of the tui and bellbird family, the stitchbird (*Notiomystis cincta*) was given its name in 1908 from Greek words meaning "southern mystery". Six years of research by molecular biologists and museum staff from the US, Australia, and New Zealand confirmed it as a fourth endemic family of New Zealand birds, alongside kiwi, New Zealand wrens, and New Zealand wattlebirds.

RADIOACTIVE SLIME

Scientists fishing a probe used to examine nuclear waste tanks at the Savannah River National Laboratory in South Carolina discovered a strange, greenish-orange slime. This organism, named *Kineococcus radiotolerans*, is alive and can survive radiation doses thousands of times greater than lethal to humans. It can also reassemble its DNA. Researchers hope that studying this organism could aid in medical research and cancer studies.

THE TOE-BITERS OF THAILAND

Entomologists have discovered 50 new species of insects in Thailand, including water bugs large enough to eat small fish and inflict intense bites. Robert Sites and his team described 12 species, six belonging to the water strider family (Gerridae) and six to the "toe biters" family (Aphelocheiridae). These bugs stun prey with a bite, described as worse than a bee or wasp sting, and then liquefy and suck out the insides. While painful, the bites are not dangerous to humans.

NEW ZOO IN ANTARCTICA

An international team of scientists has discovered that life in the Antarctic deep is much more diverse than previously thought. A male Munna crustacean was among over 1,000 species found living in this harsh environment. The research, part of the Andeep project, uncovered creatures like *Ctenocidaris* and small gastropods, with over 700 marine creatures being new to science. The team also found a brightly coloured member of the crustacean family Epimeriidae, a pink species new to science and the first deep-sea member of its group. The journal *Nature* described the collection of isopods as "astonishingly diverse". Amphipods, an order of over 7,000 shrimp-like crustaceans, were also noted, with most being marine.

Other Content

• Letters: 51 Letters are mentioned.
• Reviews: 54 Reviews are listed.
• CFZ News: 56 CFZ News items are included.
• The Sycophant: Page 59.
• Cartoon: By Mark North on page 60.
• Obituary: An obituary for Jim Cronin is on page 17.
• Bigfoot notebook: Page 18.
• Mystery cats diary: Page 20.
• Aquatic monster study group: Page 25.
• Eel of Fortune: Page 31.
• The legend of Goatman: Page 45.
• Chesapeake cadaver: Page 52.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The recurring themes in this issue are cryptozoology, the discovery of new and unusual species, and the activities of the Centre for Fortean Zoology. The editorial stance, as expressed by Jonathan Downes, is one of optimism, growth, and a commitment to scientific study and conservation within the field of fortean zoology. There is a strong emphasis on the CFZ's expanding publishing efforts and its role in bringing global attention to the study of unknown animals.

This issue of "Animals & Men," identified as Issue 41, delves into a variety of natural science and cryptozoological topics. It features articles on deep-sea discoveries in the Antarctic, Arctic exploration, new species found in Suriname, and mysterious animal sightings and legends from Iraq. The issue also includes an obituary for Jim Cronin, founder of Monkey World, and a book review of "Sasquatch: Legend Meets Science."

Antarctic Discoveries

The magazine highlights the discovery of seventy-six species of sponge in the Antarctic deep, including a notable glass sponge. Of these, thirty-seven had never been previously identified in the Southern Ocean. Scientists plan further studies to understand the differences between marine life in shallow waters and those inhabiting the extreme depths of the Antarctic.

Arctic Exploration: Hot Springs Eternal

An expedition is underway to the Gakkel Ridge, located beneath the frozen Arctic Ocean between Greenland and Siberia. This remote and geologically active area is suspected by scientists to host a variety of undiscovered life forms. Researchers from the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution are employing newly developed robots to navigate, map, and collect samples from the ridge's terrain, particularly near a series of underwater hot springs. These springs are formed at tectonic boundaries where ocean water interacts with magma rising from the Earth's mantle. The organisms in the Arctic basin are thought to have evolved uniquely due to their isolation over the last 25 million years. The robots will descend to approximately 5,000 meters and operate close to the seabed.

Suriname Jam: New Species Discovery

Scientists exploring Suriname have discovered twenty-four species believed to be new to science. This includes a black and purple frog, twelve dung beetles, six species of fish, an ant species, and four additional frog species. The overall survey recorded 467 species, including large cats, monkeys, bats, birds, and reptiles. Conservation International (CI) is advocating for increased conservation efforts in Suriname to combat threats from hunting and illegal gold mining. They emphasize the importance of protecting freshwater streams and preventing habitat fragmentation from unchecked development. Leeanne Alonso, CI vice president, stated that Suriname's rainforest offers significant potential for scientific research and economic investment, particularly in carbon sequestration, while also sustaining local communities.

On the Bone: New Sea Anemone

A new species of Pacific sea anemone, named *Anthosactis pearseae*, has been discovered living on a whale carcass. Ten specimens were collected and sent to Meg Daly at Ohio State University for study. This anemone is described as small, white, and cube-shaped, approximately the size of a human molar, with tentacles on one side.

Newsfile Xtra: Mystery Killers in Iraq

This section discusses cryptozoological news stories emerging from the war in Iraq. It mentions the phenomenon of 'rods' captured on CNN during air raids on Baghdad, and stories of large 'camel spiders' (solifugae) encountered by the invading army, though one accompanying photograph is identified as a fake. The article clarifies that solifugae are not venomous, do not spin webs, and are not typically aggressive towards prey larger than themselves, debunking myths about them injecting anaesthetic venom and feeding on human flesh. It also notes their speed on land.

A more credible set of stories from Basrah concerns a strange, bear-like creature, locally known as the 'Garta' or 'the muncher.' This creature is said to attack people at night with strong claws, having reportedly killed three people and injured six. Farmers have taken to guarding their livestock at night. Several animals, described as looking like honey badgers but with dog-like bodies and bear-like heads, have been caught or killed. These creatures are known for their aggressive behavior and have been linked to local superstitions and cemeteries. The unusual appearance and increased aggression of these animals have led to conspiracy theories, including speculation that U.S. or British forces may have introduced them to spread chaos.

The article also touches upon the environmental restoration of the Mesopotamian Marshes, which were systematically converted to desert under Saddam Hussein. Following the 2003 invasion, efforts to restore the wetlands have shown signs of recovery, though the ecosystem may take a long time to fully recuperate.

Bigfoot Notebook: One Foot in the Landfill

This section by Paul Vella discusses the discovery of an unusual foot in a Washington D.C. landfill, which police ruled out as human, leading to speculation about Bigfoot. The Bigfoot community largely identified it as a 'skinned bear foot.' The article notes the media's tendency to sensationalize such finds and mentions Tom Biscardi, who is described as a source for 'rent-a-Bigfoot-quote' media appearances. The author expresses frustration with media circuses that ridicule the subject. This was the second 'non-human' foot found recently, the first being at a gas station, which was also likely a bear.

Book Review: Sasquatch: Legend Meets Science

Professor Jeff Meldrum's book, "Sasquatch: Legend Meets Science," is reviewed positively, being called the best book on the subject since John Green's "Sasquatch: The Apes Among Us." Despite criticism Meldrum faces from peers at Idaho State University, the reviewer asserts that even his detractors would acknowledge the book's thorough research and quality writing.

Mystery Cats Diary: This is Where It Gets Weird...

This diary entry recounts experiences at a big cat conference in Hull. The author, Nigel Wright, shares a childhood rhyme about a wise old owl and reflects on being 'bamboozled' by students who created a crop circle. He attended the conference with colleagues from the CFZ Permanent Directorate. The entry contrasts this year's conference with a previous one where the author had to step in due to the organizer's illness. The current conference is described as more cohesive with an impressive list of speakers.

Obituary: Jim Cronin

This section is an obituary for Jim Cronin, who passed away on March 17, 2007, at the age of 55. Cronin was best known as a campaigner for primate welfare and the founder of Monkey World animal sanctuary in Dorset. Born in the U.S., he developed a passion for animals while working at the Bronx Zoo and later at Howlett's Wild Animal Park in the UK. He pioneered more naturalistic primate enclosures, moving away from concrete floors to hay-filled environments, a practice that was widely adopted. Cronin established Monkey World on an old pig farm to rescue chimpanzees from cruel treatment, particularly from Spanish beach photographers. Monkey World also funded and publicized his campaigns against the illegal trade in primates in countries like Turkey and Taiwan. He met Alison Aimes in 1993, and they married in 1996. Jim Cronin received an MBE in 2006 and died of liver cancer.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The magazine consistently explores the intersection of the natural world with the unusual and unexplained. It demonstrates a clear interest in cryptozoology, as evidenced by the "Bigfoot Notebook" and "Mystery Killers in Iraq" sections, while also maintaining a commitment to reporting on genuine scientific discoveries in marine biology and conservation. The editorial stance appears to be one of open-minded inquiry, seeking to debunk myths while also acknowledging unexplained phenomena and the potential for undiscovered species and creatures. There is a strong emphasis on conservation and the protection of natural habitats, as seen in the articles on the Antarctic and Suriname. The magazine also engages with the scientific community, featuring book reviews and reporting on expeditions and research findings.

Title: ANIMALS & MEN
Issue: 41
Document Type: Magazine Issue

This issue of "Animals & Men" explores a variety of intriguing and often unexplained animal phenomena, ranging from the potential existence of indigenous big cats in Britain to unusual marine discoveries and cryptid sightings.

Indigenous British Big Cats

The issue features a significant discussion on the controversial theory proposed by Di Francis, a British Big Cat researcher, that an indigenous species of big cat exists in Britain, unrecognized by science. The author initially dismissed this theory as "palpable nonsense," citing Britain as one of the most thoroughly explored countries and the lack of evidence for large, uncatalogued vertebrates. The author's skepticism was based on the size of such animals and the common explanations for sightings, such as escaped exotic cats (pumas, melanistic leopards) or misidentified domestic animals. However, a conversation with Di Francis, along with her research and a comparison of her identikit painting with a photograph of a dead animal found in Dorset, led the author to reconsider. Di Francis' research suggests the species is sexually dimorphic, with males being darker and more muscular, and both sexes having peculiar facial features and being solitary except for mating. The author admits to being wrong for not displaying scientific open-mindedness and concludes that Di Francis' hypothesis should be taken seriously.

Aquatic Monsters Log Book

This section, authored by Oll Lewis, details several recent sightings and events related to aquatic mysteries:

Loch Ness Monster

Several sightings of the Loch Ness Monster have been reported during the summer. On March 27th, holidaymakers Sidney and Janet Wilson photographed what appeared to be a head and fin near Urquhart Castle, initially mistaken for a speedboat wake. Later, on May 25th, a 55-year-old lab technician named Gordon Holmes filmed a 4-5ft creature in the loch. Despite the creature's modest size, press coverage was disproportionately large due to misheard estimates of its size. In a publicity stunt, an Aberdeen-based company called Buccaneer used fifteen shoebox-sized submarine cameras to search for Nessie, but found nothing due to poor visibility. Separately, a sonar survey by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology discovered a common toad at a depth of 98m.

Other Marine Discoveries

On February 20th, fishermen off Key West, Florida, USA, found a gelatinous mass that turned out to be the remains of a 7.3m (24ft) squid of the species *Asperoteuthis acanthoderma*. This species is typically found in the deep Pacific Ocean, baffling experts as to its presence in the Florida Keys. The remains are likely to be donated to the Smithsonian Institute. In April, underwater cameraman Jay Garbose filmed what appeared to be a sea cucumber off the Florida coast near Juno Beach, which later revealed itself to be a 3m (10ft) grey nematode worm. Experts at the Smithsonian Institute are puzzled by its characteristics and believe it may be a newly discovered species. News reports from Guinea described a sea monster washing ashore in April or May. Photographs and descriptions suggest a partially decomposed animal with four paws, a tail, and long fur. The author suggests this is likely a partially decayed humpbacked whale, with blubber and decomposing fins creating the appearance of fur and paws.

Tentacle-like Find

In June, visitors to Wakanae Beach in New Zealand spotted what looked like a 14m (4.6ft) tentacle rising from the sand. Upon closer inspection, it was identified as a large length of rope completely covered in 30cm (2ft) long pink tubes capped with shells, identified as gooseneck barnacles (*Lepas anatifera*).

Other Animal Encounters

Alligator Gar-pike

A boy in Israel fishing on June 25th caught a fish resembling an alligator, identified as an alligator gar-pike (*Atractosteus spatula*). This North American species can grow up to 3m (10ft) and its presence in the Middle East is a concern due to its efficiency as a hunter, potentially decimating local fish populations. Another gar-pike, measuring 45cm (1.5ft), was found in Jakarta, Indonesia, after heavy flooding.

Norwegian Sighting

On July 8th, a couple diving near Lake Gagnasvatnet in Norway reported seeing a head and large neck emerge from the water. The creature's head was described as smaller than a rugby ball, tapering to a snout, with a neck protruding about 30cm (1ft). The couple were startled and swerved their car, but the creature remained uninterested and stared in their direction before disappearing.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The magazine consistently explores the fringes of zoology, cryptozoology, and unexplained natural phenomena. The editorial stance appears to be one of open-minded inquiry, willing to challenge conventional scientific views and give credence to eyewitness accounts and anecdotal evidence, even if initially skeptical. The issue demonstrates a fascination with the possibility of undiscovered species and unusual animal behaviors, encouraging readers to consider possibilities beyond established scientific understanding. The articles often present initial skepticism that is later overcome by new evidence or perspectives, reflecting a journey of discovery for both the author and the reader.

This issue of ANIMALS & MEN, Issue 41, focuses on investigations into large aquatic creatures, particularly 'giant eels', with a prominent cover story titled 'EEL OF FORTUNE'. The magazine details the CFZ's 'Big Fish Project', which began in 1999, and highlights recent sightings and investigations in the Lake District and Loch Ness.

Lake Windermere Sighting

The lead article details the CFZ's return to the Lake District for phase two of their investigation into reports of giant eels. In February, photographer Linden Adams captured a series of photographs of what appears to be a large animate object swimming in Lake Windermere. Adams contacted experts, including the CFZ, and the general consensus is that the pictures are genuine and show a large animal currently unknown in the UK. Calculations suggest between 12 and 15 feet of the 'animal' were visible, moving fast enough to create a bow wave and wake. Dr. Charles Paxton, an ichthyological consultant for the CFZ, stated that based on the photos and witness reports, one or more animals were seen that produced a large wake. He noted that while he lacks the professional competency to estimate size, if the dark region representing the source of the wake is over 2m, it would not be a known species in the lake.

John Harker's Windermere Experience

In April, a letter from John Harker is presented, detailing an unusual sighting on Lake Windermere. While admiring the scenery on Friday, April 20th, 2007, Harker and his wife observed small waves and a large object below the water, about 15 meters out, moving north to south at approximately 10mph. It appeared to be the source of the wake. Part of the object, described as two small humps, appeared above the surface, resembling a giant water snake or eel. Harker managed to capture a few photos, which, upon examination, appear to show a very large unknown creature. The receptionist at their hotel confirmed a similar sighting had been reported in the local newspaper.

Loch Ness Encounter

The plot thickens in May with a report of an amateur scientist, Gordon Holmes, capturing a videotape of something remarkably similar to the images from Windermere. However, there is confusion regarding the creature's exact size, with some reports suggesting 45 feet and others 'four to five' feet. Attempts to contact Mr. Holmes were unsuccessful. The article notes that Holmes has made extraordinary claims, including the Loch Ness monster and big cats. Stills from his video are presented alongside Linden Adams' images. The issue also mentions other sightings on Loch Ness this year and at least one other set of photographs, though these have not yet been independently verified.

Corinna Downes' Lake District Trip

Corinna Downes recounts a trip to the Lake District with the CFZ, which involved a visit to Coniston Water. The journey began early on a Friday morning, encountering numerous white vans on the M5. The weather turned poor as they approached the Black Country, with rain and strong winds. Upon reaching Windermere, the weather improved. They met Lisa (Dowley) at the Bluebird Café on the shores of Coniston Water. The café is named after Donald Campbell's boat and is filled with Bluebird memorabilia. The article provides historical context about the site, which was once accommodation for the Furness Railway Company crew.

Donald Campbell's Tragedy

The article details Donald Malcolm Campbell's ill-fated attempt to better his water speed record of 276.33 mph on Coniston Water on January 4th, 1967. During his second run, Bluebird flipped high into the air and nose-dived. Rescuers found only Campbell's helmet, shoes, oxygen mask, and Teddy bear mascot. His body was not recovered until May 28th, 2001, and was laid to rest in Coniston cemetery later that year.

Exploring Coniston Water

After a cup of tea and cake, the group regrouped at Low Peel Near, their base from the previous year, to await the arrival of diver Kevin and his brother-in-law, Ken. The narrative describes the challenging, narrow, winding lanes of the Lake District, with sharp bends and steep drops. The lanes are characterized as claustrophobic due to high stone walls. The group spent hours exploring the area, with Jon, Richard, Oll, and Kevin attempting 'kick-stand testing' and turning over stones in the water, but found no eels, only minnows and beetles.

Mayfly Hatch and Wildlife Encounters

On Sunday, the group returned to the shores of Coniston Water. Towards dusk, they witnessed a mass hatching of mayflies. A family of ducks kept them company, and they also observed a common merganser mother with her four offspring. The ducklings were seen swimming and one even jumped onto its mother's back. The mother merganser was also observed catching and swallowing two perch quickly, prompting the observers to comment on her efficiency compared to their own attempts to catch fish.

CFZ Philosophy and Personal Anecdotes

The author reflects on the experience, noting that while they did not catch any eels, they saw several. They also mention being bitten by midges, emphasizing the value of experiencing the 'ups and downs' rather than just talking about it. The CFZ prides itself on 'getting stuck in', enduring cuts, bruises, bites, and wet feet. Kevin experienced a mishap, slipping on a rock and falling fully clothed into the lake, but carried on as usual. The evening concluded with a 'picnic' of leftover food due to all eateries being closed.

Return Journey and Reflection

Jon Downes, the driver, recounts the long drive back, exacerbated by a hold-up on the M6/M5 junction. He drove approximately 950 miles over the four days. The following Tuesday, he found it difficult to function after the trip, spending the day staring out of the window.

Excerpt from 'The Compleat Angler'

The issue includes an excerpt from Izaak Walton's 'The Compleat Angler' (1653). Walton, an English writer, spent the last forty years of his life traveling, visiting clergymen, and collecting material for his famous treatise on fishing. The excerpt discusses various theories about the breeding of eels, including corruption of the earth, dew, and generation. It mentions Sir Francis Bacon's belief that eels live about ten years and notes observations of eels gathering in mud during winter. It also references historical accounts of eels being found in unusual places, such as stacks of hay, and mentions different types of eels like the Silver-Eel and greenish eels.

Wider Wakes

A section titled 'WIDER WAKES' by Richard Freeman discusses plans to observe boat wakes on lakes to study their formation, duration, and interaction with the shore. It notes that in deep lakes like Loch Ness, boat wakes can hit the shore and bounce back, creating formations on the water.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

This issue strongly emphasizes the investigation of unexplained phenomena, particularly large aquatic creatures, often referred to as 'giant eels' or lake monsters. The CFZ's active, hands-on approach to research is highlighted, with personal anecdotes of fieldwork, including challenges and minor mishaps. The magazine presents witness accounts, photographic and video evidence, and expert analysis, while also acknowledging the speculative nature of some claims (e.g., 'the wee folk'). The inclusion of historical texts, such as the excerpt from Walton, provides context and historical perspective on the study of eels. The editorial stance appears to be one of open-minded inquiry into the unexplained, grounded in field investigation and the collection of evidence, even when definitive conclusions are elusive.

Title: ANIMALS & MEN
Issue: 41
Document Type: Magazine Issue

This issue of "Animals & Men" delves into two primary subjects: the intriguing and declining world of eels, and the chilling folklore surrounding the Goatman legend.

The Eel Enigma

The magazine opens with observations on boat wakes at Windermere and Coniston, noting their visibility and the difficulty in drawing conclusions without anemometer data. This leads into a discussion about eels, prompted by a conversation with an Environment Agency gentleman who revealed a significant decline in the eel population.

The author explores the historical perspective through Isaak Walton's "The Compleat Angler," finding that Walton's observations on the common eel (Anguilla anguilla) largely hold true today, despite his lack of mention of the two distinct physical morphs (pointy-nosed and blunt-faced) that have been known for over a century. The article speculates that these morphs might be recent developments, as Walton did mention other unusual morphs. The eel's complex life cycle, including its migration to the Sargasso Sea for spawning, is discussed, alongside the hypothesis that some eels might remain in freshwater and give birth there, a theory supported by Walton's nearly 400-year-old comments.

Recent findings suggest that a significant proportion of the eel population may not enter freshwater at all, further supporting the idea that eels are capable of rapid adaptation in form and lifestyle. The author recounts a visit to Blackpool Tower Aquarium, where a particularly large eel, estimated to be five feet long, was observed. The aquarium itself is described as a shambles, with staff lacking knowledge and the main tank empty due to an alleged water chemistry issue. However, the presence of an eel that had reportedly been in captivity for over thirty years challenges the common belief that eels only live for 6-10 years.

The "big fish project" is ongoing, with research planned for the Lake District over the next five years. It is suggested that the biology of the European eel is poorly understood and may hold surprises. The possibility of a new, larger morph emerging due to the worldwide population crash is also raised. The article concludes this section by referencing Bernard Heuvelmans and the surreal experience of finding large eels in a run-down tourist attraction like Blackpool Tower Aquarium, suggesting it might be a starting point for understanding enduring mysteries.

Blood on the Tracks: The Legend of Goatman

The second major section of the magazine focuses on the legend of the Goatman, a figure rooted in folklore and spook stories.

Origins and Descriptions

The Goatman is described as a creature from Greek mythology (Satyr) with pointed ears, goat-like legs, and a fondness for revelry, or as a hairy entity composed of a man and a goat. In Hebrew mythology, it is associated with idols and desolate places. The legend is presented as a story that appeals to both children and adults, evoking primal fears of the unknown.

The legend is said to surround Maryland, particularly Prince George's County and Clinton. It is depicted as an unseen, unknown wanderer in the woodlands, often sought by youths. To many, Goatman is a terrifying entity known to mutilate animals, sniff around property, attempt to break into homes, and attack locals. It is blamed for killing dogs, damaging abandoned vehicles, and preying on young lovers.

Rumors often link the Goatman's origin to the United States Agricultural Research Centre at Beltsville, Maryland, with one legend suggesting a maniacal scientist who experimented with goats. Another theory suggests the legend stems from local madmen lurking in woodland shacks or abandoned buildings. Raymond Hayden's brother claimed to have found evidence of a man named Albert or Abel, described as a nasty old man with a double-edged axe who roamed railroad tracks, suggesting the Goatman stories are a myth built around such figures.

Sightings and Variations

Since the 1950s, the Goatman's territory has been focused on areas like Bowie, Clinton, and Prince George's County. The legend is described as a rampant, ominous presence that never fully reveals itself, playing on stereotypes of local bogeymen and campfire stories. However, the article posits that Goatman might be more flesh and blood than mere rumor, sharing similarities with figures like Bunnyman and the Jersey Devil.

Sightings are discussed, including a creature seen in 1971 near Zug Road, where the severed head of a German Shepherd was found, believed to be the work of Goatman. Skeptics attributed this to a train, but locals used it to bolster the legend. The legend is also linked to Cry-baby Bridge in Bowie, known for spectres, and areas near Glendale State Asylum. Goatman figures have also been sighted in Oregon, California, Oklahoma, Texas, and Kentucky, regions also associated with Bigfoot sightings.

The article explores the possibility of Goatman being connected to Bigfoot, citing sightings of hairy, bipedal creatures. A 1971 incident involving John Hayden and William Gheen searching for a dog near Zug Road resulted in the discovery of the dog's severed head, attributed to Goatman. The legend is also linked to the "Lake Worth Monster" sighted in Fort Worth, Texas, in 1967, described as a half-man, half-goat creature. Other alleged sightings include a creature at Prince George's County in the 1950s, a "Blueberry Hill Monster" near Pretty Boy Dam in the late '60s, and a Bigfoot sighting near a reservoir in 1973. Motorist Peter Hureuk claimed to have hit a "big hairy monster" in 1975, and a security guard in Williamsport in 2000 reported seeing a large shadow and later two glowing eyes from a creature taller than a human, leaving footprints over twenty inches long.

Mythological Connections and Global Parallels

The article draws parallels between Goatman and various mythological figures. The Satyr from Greek mythology is presented as a symbol of desolate areas. The Hibla Bashi from Iraqi lore and the Scottish Urisk are described as half-man, half-goat beings. The Centaur, a half-man, half-horse entity, is also mentioned, with a sighting in Illinois in 1963. The Nuckelavee from Scottish folklore, symbolizing drought, is compared to Maryland's Goatman as a human-animal hybrid chimera.

The legend of Goatman is seen as evolving beyond a simple campfire story, becoming a significant part of local folklore. The article suggests that these legends, whether flesh and blood or symbolic, represent deeper cultural fears and archetypes.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The magazine consistently explores the intersection of the natural world, unexplained phenomena, and folklore. There is a clear interest in cryptozoology, with a focus on creatures that blur the lines between animal and human, or known biology and myth. The editorial stance appears to be one of open-minded inquiry, presenting various accounts and theories without definitively dismissing them, while also acknowledging skepticism and the need for further research. The decline of eel populations highlights environmental concerns, while the Goatman section delves into the enduring power of local legends and the human fascination with the unknown.

Title: Animals & Men
Issue: 41
Publisher: CFZ Communications
Publication Date: MMVII (2007)
ISSN: 1354 0647

This issue of Animals & Men delves into various unexplained phenomena, folklore, and cryptozoological reports, interspersed with book reviews and organizational news from the CFZ (Centre for Fortean Zoology).

Cryptid Sightings and Legends

The issue opens with a report of a humanoid bizarre spectre witnessed by a young couple in 1966 near the Lord Dillon Estate in Co. Louth, Eire. The entity was described as a "huge horse with a man's face and horrible bulging eyes." A local legend also pertains to an 18th-century altercation at Rath House, where a horse's hoof print is said to remain on the steps.

Another account from the early 1990s on the Norfolk-Lincolnshire border describes Mr. Knott seeing a peculiar spectre by the roadside that was horse-like but had a man's face. This incident was discussed on a television chat show by cryptozoologist Karl Shuker.

The magazine explores the concept of the "Goatman," presenting it as a reclusive hermit, an axe-murdering pet killer, or a mutated scientist. It suggests that such legends might be urban myths or manifestations of inner fears, akin to other figures like "The Hook" or the phantom hitchhiker.

The article "Chesapeake Cadaver" details an encounter in Chesapeake, Virginia, US, where a son reported his chickens being taken by an unidentified animal. The animal was later hit by a car and described as having stripes down its face, no tail, short legs, and large fangs. The correspondent, Kay Howard, initially suggested it might be a tanuki or racoon dog, but later expressed doubt. The article also mentions a circus truck overturning nearby, with escaped animals possibly contributing to the sightings.

Book Reviews

Howls of Imagination: Wolves of England by Paul Williams is reviewed by Corinna Downes. Downes praises the book for its coverage of wolves' history in England and contemporary beliefs, noting the common association of wolves with evil in folklore and fairy tales, while asserting that wolves are handsome creatures and the "grand-daddy of all dogs." The review highlights Paul Williams' research into the changing depiction of wolves from stupid to cunning.

Further Cryptozoology by Ronan Coghlan is also reviewed by Corinna Downes. This is the third book in a series, following the "Dictionary of Cryptozoology" and "Cryptosup." It is described as containing "more cryptids, and folkloric creatures" and is noted for its interesting and amusing content, with Coghlan being referred to as one of "Forteana's great, unsung humorists."

Natural History of Hidden Animals by Bernard Heuvelmans, edited by Peter Gwynvray Hopkins, is reviewed by Jane Rochester. Rochester describes the book as a collection of articles and unpublished works, noting its patchwork nature. It covers the discovery of large animals after Cuvier's pronouncements and delves into the birth of cryptozoology and early researchers like Antoon Cornelius Oudermans, Charles Gould, Frank Buckland, Willy Ley, William Winwood Reade, and Ingo Krumbiegel. The book lists potential cryptids such as the Angolan water lion, Sumatran black tapir, king cheetah of Rhodesia, Venezuelan ape, Queensland tiger, and waitoreke. The review criticizes the publisher, Kegan Paul, for the high price (£69.50 for 145 pages) and calls it "extortion," urging readers to borrow it from the library.

CFZ News and Announcements

Museum Mayhem: The CFZ reports on a hectic summer involving the winding up of a father's estate, purchasing property, and resolving land registry anomalies that threatened the CFZ Museum and Visitor Centre. The building of the museum has progressed, though original timelines were missed due to costs and bad weather. The electrical work was completed by Peter Channon.

Wedding: Corinna sold her house and married the CFZ Director on July 21st. Her administrative experience is noted as being invaluable to the CFZ. The wedding cake, designed by CFZ Art Director Mark North, featured the couple on a "battered CFZ rubber raft" threatened by a sea monster.

CFZ Yearbook: The resumption of the CFZ Yearbook is announced, with the 2007 edition now available. The yearbook covers topics such as the "Blakemere Mermaid," "Man-Tigers," "Mystery Menagerie of Glamorgan," "Identified Flying Object," "L-Numbered Catfish," "Bogeymen of Argentina," and "The Seal Serpent."

Yearbook Reissues: The magazine announces the re-issuing of ring-bound yearbooks from 1996 to 2004 as perfect-bound paperbacks, with the 2004 volume already reissued.

Anaconda Adventures Expedition: The CFZ is partnering with Capcom, the computer games publisher, to send an expedition to Guyana in November. The team, including CFZ specialists and a reporter from London Metro Newspapers, will search for giant Anaconda specimens and evidence of the mythical "didi," a feared ape-like creature. The expedition will be documented daily via satellite phones on CFZ.co.uk, mirroring the action of the "Monster Hunter Freedom 2" game.

The Sycophant

This section recounts an incident at the "Weird Weekend" where speaker Grigoriy Panchenko was detained at Zurich Airport due to his hand exercisers showing up on airport x-ray, causing significant delays and requiring extensive phone calls to resolve. It also mentions the "crypto-wedding" and the elaborate wedding cake.

Cover Feature

CONISTON IS SO BRACING: The cover features a cartoonish illustration of a man with a beard and top hat, wearing a t-shirt with a logo, leaping on a beach. The text indicates it was typeset by Dr. Derek Doctors and is dated MMVII (2007).

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The issue consistently explores the fringes of folklore, cryptozoology, and unexplained phenomena, presenting anecdotal evidence, legends, and scientific inquiry. The CFZ's role as an active research and publishing organization is highlighted through its expeditions, yearbooks, and museum project. There is a critical stance towards publishers perceived as overcharging for their products, as seen in the review of Bernard Heuvelmans' book. The overall tone is one of curiosity and investigation into the unknown, with a blend of serious reporting and lighthearted commentary on events within the organization.