UFO Nyt - No 5 sep-okt 1971

Magazine Overview

This issue of UFO NYT, published by SKANDINAVISK UFO INFORMATION (SUFOI), is dated September-October 1971. The cover features a striking graphic with celestial bodies and the magazine's title. The issue number is 5, and the price is 5.75 Danish Kroner.

SUFOI and UFO-NYT

The introductory pages detail the structure and purpose of SUFOI. It is a self-governing institution dedicated to disseminating knowledge about UFOs through publications, lectures, and other activities, aiming to clarify UFO phenomena. The organization is led by a board of directors and a representative council. The issue lists the members of the board, their roles, and contact information, including the editor of UFO-NYT, Iver O. Kjems.

SUFOI's activities include a report central, a clipping central, a library, and a public relations department. The magazine emphasizes that the views expressed in its articles are not necessarily endorsed by SUFOI, and the organization is not liable for the opinions presented.

Table of Contents

• The table of contents indicates a variety of articles, including:
• Leder (Editorial)
• UFO'er i danske sagn (UFOs in Danish legends)
• Warminster 1964-71
• Rapport-hjørnet (Report Corner)
• Meteorer og meteoriter (Meteors and meteorites)
• Rumfart og videnskab (Space travel and science)
• Det kritiske hjørne (The critical corner)
• Diverse (Miscellaneous)

Editorial: Mennesket må udforske! (Man must explore!)

The editorial, borrowed from "Aviation Week & Space Technology" and attributed to Editor Hotz, champions the human drive for exploration. It argues that understanding space is crucial and that eventually, astronauts will encounter beings from other celestial bodies. The editorial praises the Apollo 15 mission as a triumph for the human spirit, body, and intellect, showcasing the effectiveness of manned missions over automated probes. Dave Scott's famous quote, "It is a fundamental truth in our nature: Man must explore," is highlighted. The mission's success in gathering precise geological data and its role in advancing space transport systems are emphasized, ensuring that the exploration of the Moon will continue.

UFO'er (?) i danske sagn (UFOs (?) in Danish Legends)

This extensive article by Albert Raabe explores the possibility that ancient Danish folklore contains descriptions of UFO phenomena. Raabe analyzes tales from Evald Tang Kristensen's "Danske Sagn" (Danish Legends), particularly those concerning "Bjergfolk" (mountain folk), "Ellefolk" (elves), and "Nisser" (gnomes).

The "Højen" (Hill) Phenomenon:

Raabe focuses on recurring descriptions of "høje" (hills) that appear to levitate on glowing pillars, emitting sounds like "smith's hammers." He suggests these descriptions might not be mere superstition but could represent observations of aerial phenomena. The presence of "small folk" seen running around the lights is also noted, potentially interpreted as beings associated with the phenomenon.

Elverfolk (Elves) and their Descriptions:

The article also examines the traditional descriptions of "Elverfolk." While often depicted as dancing figures in mist, Raabe notes that when seen up close, these beings are described as having a peculiar "hollow back" and appearing "pale" or "like the dead." In some instances, they are described as glowing green or red, or even golden. Raabe speculates that these descriptions, particularly the "hollow back," might be an early interpretation of beings wearing unusual suits or equipment.

"Elleskudte" (Elf-shot) and Abductions:

Raabe discusses the folklore of people being "elf-shot" or "taken by the mountain folk" (bjergtagne), leading to illness, paralysis, or disappearance. He questions whether these accounts could be related to unknown forms of radiation or other phenomena.

The "Natravnen" (Night Raven) Legend:

A specific legend about the "Natravnen" is analyzed. This figure is described as a ghost with a hole in its wing, through which one should not look, lest they lose their sanity. While seemingly unrelated to UFOs, Raabe finds a connection in the description of a "whistling in the air" and the fear of looking up, suggesting a possible parallel to aerial phenomena.

The "Lygtemanden" (Lantern Man) and UFO-like Encounters:

Several tales of the "Lygtemanden" are presented, describing a figure that leads people astray. However, some accounts go beyond the traditional swamp gas explanation. One story describes a light that moves up and down, shoots into the air, and then disappears, resembling a UFO. Another describes a "lantern man" that rises from a Mergel-Roge (marl pit) and flames, then ascends into the air.

"Drager" (Dragons) as UFO Descriptions:

Perhaps the most striking part of the article is the interpretation of "dragon" legends as potential UFO descriptions. Several accounts describe "dragons" as glowing objects, sometimes shaped like ovens or wheels, with long tails or fiery ends. They are said to fly, carry treasure, and emit sounds. One description mentions a "dragon" that looked like a wheel with a head and tail, and another describes a fiery object that flew over a town like a wheel. Raabe suggests these descriptions are remarkably similar to UFO reports.

"Dødssejleren" (Death Ship) and UFOs:

Finally, a legend about a "death ship" is mentioned, described as a white vessel with three white figures, moving at incredible speed and emitting sparks. Raabe suggests this could also be interpreted as a UFO sighting, particularly due to its speed and the unusual nature of the phenomenon.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The recurring themes in this issue revolve around the interpretation of folklore and ancient myths as potential historical accounts of UFO phenomena. The magazine posits that many seemingly supernatural tales might have their roots in actual observations of unidentified aerial objects. The editorial stance, as seen in the lead article, is one of advocating for exploration and openness to the unknown, while the folklore analysis section encourages a re-examination of traditional stories through a modern, scientific lens, specifically in the context of UFO research. The publication clearly states its role is to present these interpretations without necessarily endorsing them as fact.

This issue of UFO-NYT, identified as issue number 177, focuses on the "Warminster 1964 - 71" phenomena, authored by Iver O. Kjems. The magazine delves into a series of unusual events and sightings that occurred in and around Warminster, United Kingdom, between 1964 and 1971. The article aims to provide a comprehensive summary, incorporating new details not previously published in Danish, building upon earlier brief mentions in UFO-NYT.

The Beginning of the Warminster Phenomena

The events in Warminster, a town with 11,000 inhabitants in Wiltshire, began around Christmas 1964. Rumors of strange occurrences spread, causing alarm. The local postmaster, Roger Rump, described loud, violent noises resembling a "terrible booming" on his roof, as if "5,000 roof tiles were ripped up and thrown back into place with a tremendous noise." A young couple reported being awakened by their dog's frantic barking on Christmas morning. Their daughter, Josie, went to investigate and found the dog distressed. As she returned inside, she witnessed a "piping, booming, scraping, whirring, deafening phenomenon" in the air above her house, which became known as the "Warminster tingesten."

Further reports included claims of dead pigeons near Warminster, apparently struck down by this mysterious force, and dead field mice found with small holes in their bodies. Some speculated that these phenomena might be related to military testing, as Warminster was near military training areas, airfields, and the Harwell atomic research center. However, authorities denied any knowledge or involvement.

The "Daily Mirror" Photograph and Media Attention

A significant turning point occurred on September 10, 1965, when the British newspaper "Daily Mirror" published a photograph of the "tingesten." The image, taken by Gordon Faulkner outside his house on a Sunday evening, showed a "silver, shining object" flying silently at low altitude over Warminster. The newspaper featured the photo prominently, and it garnered considerable attention. However, Arthur Smith, the "Mirror's" scientific editor, noted that while it was a good photograph, the lack of information on size or distance limited its scientific value, and he compared it to many other purported UFO photos from the USA, suggesting many were likely hoaxes. Aviation editor Peter Harris expressed skepticism, stating the photo was "too good to be true" and "doesn't convince me."

Gordon Faulkner, a 25-year-old factory worker, described how he took the photo using a Kodak Halina 24x36 mm camera. He was on his way to visit his mother when he saw the object. He managed to capture it on film, and was surprised by the result. He sent the photo to the "Warminster Journal," expecting ridicule, but instead, it became a major scoop.

Investigations and Analysis of Warminster Photographs

As years passed, the Warminster case continued to be discussed, largely due to the efforts of Arthur Shuttlewood, who reported numerous sightings and began interpreting them as symbolic messages. This led some UFOlogists to view him with skepticism.

Cradle Hill Sightings and Photographs

On March 28, 1970, around 30 people gathered on Cradle Hill near Warminster to observe the skies. Among them were John and Christine Ben, Stephen Hall, Roger and Peter Keene, Terence R. Collins, Colin Farrow, and Mr. N. Foxwell. The object was first sighted around 11:02 PM, appearing as a clear, oval light with a purple hue and a white halo, approximately 20 degrees above the eastern horizon. Witnesses using binoculars noted a "deep red" light in the center. Mr. Foxwell managed to take several photographs of the object as it moved slowly to the right, towards the town, and dimmed before stopping. The light then intensified, and the observation lasted about 1 to 1.5 minutes, followed by heavy rain.

Stephen Hall also took four photos with a Kodak Instamatic, but unfortunately, nothing appeared on the film. Mr. Foxwell's photographs were sent to FSR (Flying Saucer Review) for analysis.

Percy Hennell's Analysis

Percy Hennell, an investigator, examined the Warminster photographs, including negatives from Mr. Foxwell. He stated that there was nothing to suggest the photos were faked. He noted the object's clear movement from left to right relative to streetlights, visible even on the first photograph. He found it interesting that the object's brightness on the first photo was as strong as or stronger than the streetlights. Hennell observed a possible "deep red" light in the center and a possible protuberance on the bottom of the object in the second photo. He also noted a "scratch" on the second negative, which he suspected might have been an attempt to remove something, regretting if it detracted from the object's appearance.

He also commented on the "billy lights" on a distant hill, noting they appeared in the same position in both photos and were shorter in the second, suggesting a car had stopped there, possibly to observe the object. He concluded that no detail was insignificant in the study of this phenomenon.

Pierre Guerin's Analysis

Dr. Pierre Guerin, an investigator from the French national center for scientific research, analyzed the 35mm film strip containing Mr. Foxwell's photographs. After cleaning the film, he found that the perceived "scratch" on the second negative was not a scratch but an artifact caused by a softening agent used in the film's final cleaning process. Guerin concluded that the photographs could not be the result of a hoax and were "genuine." However, he noted a significant difference between the object's appearance in the photographs and the eyewitness descriptions. He theorized that the object might have emitted ultraviolet light, which is invisible to the human eye but detectable by photographic film. He also suggested that a ruby-red corona around the object, possibly monochromatic, might have been due to air ionization, visible to the eye but not strongly recorded on the film.

Guerin's interpretation suggested that the object was a "soft" observation, a phenomenon that can appear and disappear, possibly involving ultraviolet light emission. He referenced John Keel's theories about UFOs not always having a fixed material form and suggested that the Warminster observations supported the hypothesis that UFOs might be secondary effects of solid objects present in our atmosphere.

Criticism and Debate

S. E. Scammell, a surveyor, raised criticisms regarding the Warminster phenomena and the Cradle Hill photographs. He expressed concern that early information about Warminster had been distorted and exaggerated, leading him to view any claims from the area with suspicion. Scammell pointed out that the "punchbowl" visible in daylight photos (not shown in this article) was the infantry school, and that the surrounding hills were used by various vehicles. He argued that the position of the light in the photographs needed to be carefully assessed in relation to the terrain and known features. He also noted that the speed of the object, estimated at 25 km/h, was consistent with a vehicle moving on the uneven terrain. Scammell suggested that the lights seen in the photos could be service vehicles, and that the sudden appearance of the object could be attributed to the poor weather conditions obscuring the horizon. He concluded that a terrestrial explanation for the position and movement seemed plausible and that the observation might not warrant further UFO investigation.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The issue highlights the ongoing debate within the UFO community regarding the interpretation of evidence, particularly photographic evidence. It showcases the tension between eyewitness accounts and scientific analysis, and the challenges of definitively proving or disproving UFO sightings. The magazine's stance appears to be one of thorough investigation, presenting various viewpoints, including those of witnesses, photographers, investigators, and critics. The editorial team at UFO-NYT, represented by Charles Bowen, seems to maintain an open but critical approach, acknowledging the possibility of extraterrestrial or unknown technology while also considering mundane explanations and the potential for misinterpretation or hoaxes. The recurring theme is the persistent mystery of the Warminster events and the ongoing effort to understand them through rigorous examination of available data.

The article also touches upon the role of local UFO enthusiasts and the importance of independent research, as seen in the welcome given to the Cradle Hill photographs because the photographers were not local Warminster UFO researchers.

UFO'ER OG DYR (UFOs and Animals)

This section briefly recounts an incident in Maracaja, Brazil, on November 18, 1957, where two men reported seeing six tall, thin men in dark grey suits entering aluminum-colored metallic discs hovering near the ground. After the five craft disappeared at high speed, the witnesses recalled that nearby cattle had shown signs of great confusion and agitation, looking towards a group of trees where the machines had been hidden. This incident is cited from F.S.R., July-August 1958.

Developments in the Cradle Hill Case

Charles Bowen discusses the Cradle Hill case, noting that when Mr. John Ben first showed the photographs taken by Mr. Foxwell, they were satisfied that the photos were taken without the involvement of local Warminster UFO enthusiasts. Ben's objectivity was appreciated, and he highlighted that much remained to be explored. Bowen recounts that when the photos were to be published in Flying Saucer Review, Mr. Ben was asked to take daylight photos from Cradle Hill to further investigate the case, especially in response to some criticism of his earlier daylight photos.

Bowen also mentions a letter from Mr. S. E. Scammell, who expressed skepticism about the Warminster phenomena, suggesting that early information had been distorted. Scammell's critique is presented as part of a debate involving Messrs. Scammell, Ben, Collins, and Samuels, who participated without initially knowing they were part of a published discussion.

Bowen reiterates FSR's cautious approach to Warminster reports, stating that while the Cradle Hill photographs were welcomed, the paper had always treated Warminster reports with "greatest suspicion." He notes that Mr. Ben and Mr. Foxwell had no affiliation with the local Warminster UFO researchers, such as Arthur Shuttlewood.

A Surveyor's Criticism

In a letter to the editor, Mr. S. E. Scammell criticizes the presentation of the Warminster phenomena, particularly the Cradle Hill photographs. He argues that the information has been distorted and exaggerated, causing potential harm. As a surveyor, he believes his expertise can provide factual data. He points out that the "punchbowl" in the daylight photos is the infantry school and that the surrounding hills are traversed by various vehicles. He asserts that the light's position in the photos must be analyzed carefully in relation to the terrain. He suggests that the speed of the object (25 km/h) is consistent with a vehicle on the uneven ground and that the lights could be from service vehicles. He concludes that a terrestrial explanation is plausible and that the observation might not warrant further UFO investigation.

Conclusion

The issue concludes with a discussion on the interpretation of the Warminster photographs, particularly the discrepancy between photographic evidence and eyewitness accounts. Guerin's theory of ultraviolet light emission is presented as a possible explanation. The article also touches upon the idea that UFOs might be controlled or piloted machines from outside Earth or time, and that "soft" observations could be secondary effects of solid objects. The overall tone suggests that while the Warminster case remains intriguing, definitive conclusions are elusive, and further investigation is warranted.

Title: UFO-NYT
Issue: 1971
Date: March-April 1971
Publisher: SUFOI
Country: Denmark
Language: Danish

This issue of UFO-NYT features a detailed investigation into the mysterious photographs taken at Cradle Hill in Warminster, UK, alongside reports of various UFO sightings across Denmark and an educational piece on meteors.

Fortsatte undersøgelser i Warminster (Continued Investigations in Warminster)

This section details ongoing research into the Cradle Hill photographs, primarily focusing on the discrepancies between witness accounts and photographic evidence. John E. Ben, who was present during one of the sightings on March 28, 1970, expresses his initial astonishment at the photographic results. He notes that the images did not match his visual perception of the object. A theory proposed by Dr. P. Guérin is mentioned as a potential explanation for this difference.

Ben recounts a subsequent visit to Warminster in May 1970 with T. R. Collins, S. Hall, and C. Farrow. During this visit, they took a photograph from Cradle Hill that showed the contours of Battlesbury Hill and streetlights. This photograph was taken from a position very close to where Mr. Foxwell had previously taken his photos.

Later, Mr. Collins proposed a theory that the object was not over Starr Hill but below the ridge of Battlesbury Hill. This was confirmed when Collins created a plan of the area, plotting the object's positions relative to the streetlights. This analysis revealed that Ben's earlier estimation of the object's height was incorrect, as he had not accounted for the significant elevation of Battlesbury Hill (208 meters) and the observation point (nearly 170 meters).

Car headlights in Mr. Foxwell's photos also caused confusion, appearing to be above the streetlights. The article also mentions an experiment involving light-tight envelopes with X-ray film spread over an area around Cradle Hill to detect unusual radiation, but no significant findings were reported.

Further investigation into the area revealed that Battlesbury was military territory, leading to speculation that the vehicle seen might have been military. However, a civilian employee of the army was certain the army did not possess vehicles that could produce such a light pattern.

The conclusion section highlights the varied descriptions of the object by different witnesses. John E. Ben saw a blue-red ellipse edged with white, while his wife saw the same. Mr. Collins, a professional artist, described a red rhombus inside a white and blue sphere. Mr. Hall, using binoculars, also saw a red rhombus in the center, with blue-red and red lights around it, possibly rhomboid in shape. The article notes the interesting fact that each person perceived the object differently.

There is also a mention of a theory that Mr. Foxwell might not exist, which the author dismisses by referring to a letter from Foxwell requesting his address remain unknown.

En videre undersøgelse af Warminster - fotografierne (A Further Investigation of the Warminster Photographs)

Terence Collins presents his report, dated November 9, 1970, which discusses the photographs taken by Mr. N. Foxwell in Warminster. Collins' analysis focuses on the object's position relative to Battlesbury Hill. He initially believed the object was above the hill but later concluded it was below the horizon and much closer than previously thought.

Collins created a diagram to determine the object's position. He scaled the night photos as 2.5 times larger than the daylight photos and the hill's height as 5 times the photo size. By plotting streetlights (C and D) and the object's positions (A and B) from two photographs, he created triangles to triangulate the object's location.

He identified two streetlights on Battlesbury Road and measured the distance between them as 42 yards (38.4 meters). Using this scale, he determined the object's position relative to Battlesbury Hill at two points, both below the horizon and significantly lower at point B than at point A.

He also plotted the position of car headlights (X) on a narrow road (E) on Battlesbury Hill and a new road (G) not marked on the map. Calculations based on the diagram provided distances: AX = 259 meters, BX = 115 meters. The object's approximate length was estimated at 18 meters, and its diameter (height of the body) was 4.5 meters, with the 'spheres' being 9 meters.

Uventet fotografisk virkning i Warminster (Unexpected Photographic Effect in Warminster)

Michael Samuels, F.R.M.S., a consulting photographer, was invited by John E. Ben to assist in the investigation of the Cradle Hill photographs from March 1970. Samuels was not present at the original Easter 1970 photoshoots but was consulted later.

On January 24, 1971, Samuels accompanied John Ben and Terry Collins to Cradle Hill to take a series of photographs. Mrs. Ben remained in the car near a military gate. Samuels used a Hasselblad 500 C camera with an 80mm f2.8 lens and Plus X Pan professional film.

During the photoshoot, Samuels noticed a surprising reading on his light meter. While setting his camera to EV 13 (typical for an overcast day), he decided to use his Weston Master V light meter. The meter indicated a reading of 14+, which translated to an exposure value of 16, equivalent to 1/125 at f/8. This reading was unexpected, especially considering the film speed (125 ASA = 18 DIN), which is considered slow.

Upon developing the film, Samuels found a spot on the second negative with very low density against a sky of much higher density. This spot was dark gray, with varying density and a grainy structure, ruling out dust or air bubbles. He also considered a possibility of a lens defect but found it unlikely given the focus was set to infinity.

Kodak Ltd. examined the negative and confirmed that there was no photographic reason for the spot and that its nature was unknown. Regarding the light meter reading, Kodak agreed that an unusual amount of ultraviolet radiation might have been present, noting that selenium cells are more sensitive to UV light than the human eye.

Samuels suggests a connection between the spot on the film and the period of unusual UV radiation. He also notes that none of the four people present at Cradle Hill during the original Easter 1970 photoshoots recalled seeing any object, usual or unusual, over Battlesbury Hill.

Further tests on the light meter showed it gave the same EV reading when placed 2 inches from a 60-watt bulb as it did at Cradle Hill. In open country on a similar day, the EV was 13.

An afterword states that the manufacturer of the photographic instrument found the unusual light meter reading peculiar under the conditions at Cradle Hill on January 24, 1971. They concluded that any fault in the meter would have resulted in under-exposure, not over-exposure, and reiterated the high sensitivity of selenium cells to UV light.

UFO-alarmeringsøvelsen (UFO Alert Exercise)

This section reports on a UFO alert exercise conducted on August 6. Approximately 120 people requested instructions and alert forms. Only about 30 forms were returned, suggesting that many observers did not report their sightings or fill out the forms. The article estimates that the actual number of observers was likely double the number of returned forms.

Several points for improvement were identified:
1. Better geographical distribution of observers is needed.
2. All observers' watches should be synchronized.
3. Many observers left their phones to observe in the field without contact, making them unreachable.
4. Walkie-talkies are suggested for communication with neighboring areas, but they are considered unreliable and time-consuming.

The exercise aimed to gather experience and observe UFOs. While few UFOs were reported, valuable insights were gained for future operations.

Danske observationer (Danish Observations)

This section compiles several UFO sightings from Denmark:

• January: A luminous object with side points was seen flying in the eastern sky over Århus at 22:04.
• March 11: Four people in Skjern observed a yellow, round object moving east. It ascended and descended several times, leaving a smoke-like tail.
• April 23: Two individuals independently observed bright lights moving from east to west near Nakskov, taking five minutes to cross the sky.
• May 15: Two stationary, luminous objects were seen in the clear sky near Ålborg. They appeared to shrink and disappear after 15 minutes.
• June 16: A green, oval or round object was observed moving from ENE-VSV for 15 seconds in København.
• June 10: A girl on Als saw an object maneuvering over a forest, changing shape and color multiple times.
• July 26: A large, star-like object was seen from Kastrup. It moved vertically, turned off, turned on, and changed from a light spot to a sphere before making a sharp 90-degree turn and disappearing towards Øresund. The witness described it as a small object at close range.
• August 1: A white light was seen high in the southern sky from Husum S-station. It grew brighter, turned blue, moved in right angles and U-curves, then turned red, then white, before becoming dimmer and disappearing.

Meteorer over Danmark (Meteors over Denmark)

This section reports on meteor sightings in Denmark:

• July 4: Many people in Sjælland observed a yellow and blue-ish object moving approximately S-N in the eastern sky. It moved in a nearly straight line for 90-100 degrees in 5-10 seconds. The time was 23:08.
• July 6: Approximately 20 reports were received about a meteor that flew almost horizontally from west to east in the northern sky. It was described as a bright object with a long tail, passing low over the horizon. The tail ended in sparks, and the main color was greenish. Danish newspapers briefly mentioned it, while Norwegian ones gave it more attention, often calling it a UFO due to the varied witness descriptions.

SUFOI welcomes meteor reports, as they help distinguish natural phenomena from potential UFOs. The organization forwards these reports to the Smithsonian Institution for analysis. A preliminary calculation suggests a meteor passed the northern end of Skagerak with a course of approximately 105 degrees.

„Meteorientering

This issue of UFO-NYT, published in Danish, focuses on meteorites, space exploration, and related scientific findings. The primary articles discuss the nature of meteors and meteorites, the recovery and study of the Agpalilik meteorite, and insights from the Apollo 15 mission concerning lunar geology. The magazine also includes a section on UFO sightings and astronomical observations.

Meteors and Their Properties

The issue begins by explaining the phenomenon of meteors, particularly bright ones known as bolides or fireballs. It describes their appearance, colors, and the trails they leave. The intense heat and luminosity are attributed to their high speeds upon entering Earth's atmosphere, ranging from 9.5 to over 70 km per second. The friction with atmospheric molecules, along with shock waves from the high temperatures, causes them to glow and often disintegrate. Laboratory experiments by French engineers Muraour and Michel Lévy are cited, indicating that radiation from shock waves also contributes to the meteor's brightness. A meteor comparable in brightness to the full moon is estimated to weigh around 5 kg. The article explains that most meteors vaporize before reaching the ground due to these atmospheric effects, with only larger or more robust fragments reaching the surface, sometimes with significant impact.

It is noted that some fireballs explode like bombs due to the intense heating and pressure. The high surface temperature of meteorites is evident from their melted or glassy appearance, and they can be too hot to touch immediately after impact. However, if they break apart upon impact, their interior can be found to be ice-cold, suggesting the heat did not penetrate deeply. The loud sounds sometimes accompanying large meteors are explained as shock waves from their high speed, distinct from the sound of an explosion.

The article further discusses the stimulation of molecules in the upper atmosphere by the shock of a meteor's passage, leading to the continued luminescence of its trail. Regarding meteor frequency, an average observer might see 4 to 10 meteors per hour. The total number of meteors entering Earth's atmosphere daily is estimated to be enormous, with visible meteors representing only a minority. Telescopes are required to observe fainter meteors, with estimates suggesting billions of meteors visible through telescopes daily, and around 10^10 or more observable by radar, often referred to as daylight meteors. The total mass of meteors entering Earth's atmosphere daily is estimated to be several hundred tons.

Meteors are not evenly distributed in frequency; they are more common in the late night hours and at specific times of the year when Earth passes through meteoroid streams or 'swarms.' The article explains this phenomenon using the analogy of Earth moving through a cloud of fragments, with the leading hemisphere encountering more meteors. The regular appearance of meteor showers at certain dates is attributed to the specific orbits of these meteoroids around the Sun. The concept of a 'radiant' point in the sky from which meteor trails appear to emanate is explained through perspective, similar to how telegraph poles appear to converge on the horizon.

The Agpalilik Meteorite

A significant portion of the issue is dedicated to the Agpalilik meteorite, a large iron meteorite found in Greenland by Civil Engineer V. F. Buchwald in 1963. The article details the challenges and eventual success of transporting the 20-ton meteorite to Denmark in 1967. The subsequent study of the meteorite, led by Buchwald, is described. Meteorites are classified into stone, stone-iron, and iron types, with no two being identical to Earth's rocks. Stone meteorites, particularly carbonaceous chondrites, can contain organic compounds, including amino acids, which are building blocks of proteins. The Murchison meteorite, which fell in 1969, is noted for containing at least 16 different amino acids, some of which are essential for life on Earth. The article discusses the possibility of these organic compounds forming through inorganic reactions, such as those involving hydrogen, ammonia, and water vapor under electrical discharge, as demonstrated by experiments.

Iron meteorites, like the Cape York meteorite (of which Agpalilik is a part), are described as massive, non-porous, and lacking organic compounds. They are magnetic and have a high density. The Agpalilik meteorite's composition is detailed: 89.4% iron, 7.85% nickel, 0.50% cobalt, 0.15% phosphorus, and 2.0% sulfur, with trace elements. Its density is 7.8 g/cm³ and hardness is 200-250 Vickers.

The article recounts the process of cutting the Agpalilik meteorite using an unconventional wire saw method in Gråsten, Denmark, over several months. This method was chosen because it did not heat the material, preserving its structure. The cutting process was time-consuming, with each parallel cut taking 200 hours and consuming 2400 meters of wire. The wire was coated with carborundum grains to abrade the iron. The large block was divided into a 15-ton piece, a 550 kg disc, and several smaller fragments. The 550 kg disc, measuring 180x130 cm, is described as potentially the largest disc ever cut from a solid piece of iron.

Initial studies of the cut meteorite revealed it had been subjected to temperatures over 1200 degrees Celsius for a long period, leading to homogenization into a large austenite crystal. It took thousands of years to cool to room temperature, forming a coarse Widmanstätten structure, typical of iron meteorites and difficult to replicate in a lab. The meteorite had a thin weathering crust, indicating minimal corrosion from its time on Earth, estimated to be between 1000-2000 years. A significant finding was the large amount of troilite (iron sulfide), present in about 7% of the volume, which did not mix with the iron and formed distinct clumps. This structure suggests a very slow cooling process from a molten state, providing strong evidence that this iron meteorite, and likely others, were once molten.

Apollo 15 and Lunar Geology

The issue includes a report on the results of the Apollo 15 mission. Scientists are analyzing data from the service and command module, as well as a satellite deployed during the mission. They believe the knowledge gained will take years to fully comprehend and will significantly surpass the results from previous manned or unmanned missions. NASA officials expressed enthusiasm, calling Apollo 15 the culmination of their work and a testament to the scientific rigor of the Apollo program. The collected material is described as immense.

Astronaut Worden's observations from the command module near the Littrow crater on the Moon are highlighted, suggesting past geological activity. He described dark deposits and irregularly shaped cones resembling small slag cones, with dark rings around them. He also noted a rille, possibly formed by collapsed ceilings, which he believed indicated volcanic activity. These descriptions were considered significant enough to potentially 'turn a new page' in lunar history.

Discussions about future Apollo missions (16 and 17) indicate that the pattern of three 7-hour activity periods outside the lunar module would likely be followed. However, no automated lunar rover was planned for Apollo 17, and NASA had no plans to extend the Apollo program beyond Apollo 17, citing the significant scientific return already achieved.

Other Scientific Notes

There is a brief mention of a study involving a high-altitude astronomical laboratory flying over the Earth's atmosphere to observe Mars's infrared radiation. This was done to overcome the atmospheric filter and correct for water vapor. The study involved 44 people from NASA and other organizations.

Martin Marietta Corporation has been selected by NASA to assist JPL in constructing and developing subsystems for the Viking Orbiter, with two Viking spacecraft planned for launch in 1975 to explore Mars. The orbiters would identify landing sites for the landers, continue planetary observation, and relay data back to Earth. The orbiters would be equipped with sensitive cameras, a spectroscope for water vapor detection, and a radiometer for temperature measurements.

NASA is also initiating a 'life sciences program' to encourage university faculty and students to participate in research at NASA centers. This program aims to advance life sciences, including exobiology (the study of extraterrestrial life) and planetary ecology.

A brief report from Australia mentions two children observing a strange, three-legged object in Goonumbla, N.S.W., after their dog barked.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The magazine consistently emphasizes scientific investigation and analysis, particularly in the fields of astronomy, meteoritics, and space exploration. There is a clear focus on presenting detailed findings from scientific missions and research, often citing specific experts and institutions. The editorial stance appears to be one of promoting scientific understanding and encouraging public interest in these subjects, as evidenced by the call for readers to submit potential meteorite samples for analysis. The inclusion of UFO sightings, though brief, suggests an interest in unexplained phenomena within a broader scientific context.

Title: UFO-NYT
Issue: 207
Date: March 1971 (raw date: marts 71)
Country: Denmark
Language: Danish

This issue of UFO-NYT features a critical examination of UFO phenomena, including photo analysis, scientific skepticism, and reports on specific sightings.

Hvad skal man tro? (What Should One Believe?)

The lead article, "Hvad skal man tro?", questions the authenticity of a UFO photograph allegedly taken over the UN Building in New York in 1963. The magazine had previously published this photo with the caption "Mysterious object over the UN Building. New York 1963". However, readers pointed out that the same image, albeit with a different cropping, appeared in Hirschsprungs Konversations Leksikon (Volume II, Copenhagen, 1967, column 1363), but without the UFO. The article further notes that the photo with the UFO was advertised for sale by Mike Mann Photo in Flying Saucer News in August 1965 and appeared in "The TRUE Report on Flying Saucers" in 1967. According to the text, Inspector Milton B. took two photos: one with the UN Building and another with the Empire State Building in the foreground. The version in the lexicon, without the UFO, clearly shows a small boat with smoke or steam. The photo received from Mike Mann, which includes the UFO, shows the same smoke formation but is cropped to exclude the boat. The author, Ole Henningsen, poses the question: Was an official photo of the UN Building accidentally taken with a UFO that was later retouched out? Or did Mike Mann create a profitable business by later adding a UFO to a photo of the UN Building? Henningsen leans towards the latter explanation and asks readers for further information or comments.

Besynderligt pulsar-udbrud (Peculiar Pulsar Outburst)

This section discusses an article in "Nature" from December 26, 1970, concerning a new, unexplained behavior of pulsars. The author notes that while the scientific process of the phenomenon was described, the thoughts, reactions, and feelings of scientists were not expressed. The article suggests that scientists, when the first pulsar was discovered in February 1968, initially suspected extraterrestrial signals but were hesitant to voice this possibility publicly. The author criticizes scientists for their lack of courage and for making cautious, relative statements, especially regarding interstellar matters. The piece contrasts this with the boldness of others who are not afraid to draw conclusions. The author, Thorsteinn Gudjonsson from Interstellar Communication, Reykjavik, implies that scientists' reluctance to state their findings openly prevents them from being at the forefront of human knowledge.

UFO'ER OG DYR (UFOs and Animals)

This short report details an incident in Kensington, New Hampshire, USA, on the night of September 3, 1965. It refers to the "famous Muscarello case" where dogs howled furiously, and horses in a stable whinnied and kicked their stalls. This reaction occurred when a large red UFO flew at very low altitude overhead. The report notes that since the horses were inside the building, they could not have seen the UFO directly, implying their reaction was to the object's presence or effects.

Book Review: Var GUDERNE astronauter? (Were the GODS astronauts?)

This is an advertisement for a book by Erich von Däniken, "Var GUDERNE astronauter?". The book features 16 scientists discussing Däniken's theories, with some arguing for and others against his ideas. It is presented as the latest in scientific research. The price is Kr. 46.75, published by STRUBES FORLAG.

SUFOI Emblem Advertisement

This section is an advertisement for an elegant UFO emblem offered by SUFOI (presumably a UFO organization). It describes the emblem as made by a goldsmith, with a golden UFO, name, and ring, set against a deep blue enamel background. It measures 25 mm in diameter and is presented as a discreet accessory suitable for any attire. The emblem is promoted as a conversation starter for UFO enthusiasts. The price is Kr. 15, including VAT and postage. Orders can be placed with SUFOI's accounting office, specifying whether a pin or brooch is desired.

Var det rumænske UFO endnu større? (Was the Romanian UFO even bigger?)

This short piece previews a discussion about a UFO sighting that occurred near Cluj, Romania, on August 18, 1968. The incident was previously reported in UFO-NYT nr. 1, 1971. The upcoming issue will feature engineer Bjarne Nerby's critique of the size estimation of the UFO, following a review of the calculations by a Norwegian engineer who identified a calculation error.

Recurring Themes and Editorial Stance

The magazine consistently adopts a critical and investigative stance towards UFO reports. It encourages reader participation and skepticism, as seen in the lead article questioning a specific photograph. The editorial stance also highlights a perceived reluctance among mainstream scientists to fully explore or acknowledge potentially unconventional explanations for phenomena like pulsars, suggesting a bias towards established paradigms. The inclusion of animal reactions to UFOs and the discussion of historical or controversial cases indicate a broad interest in UFOlogy, while also maintaining a critical eye on the evidence presented.